tugas bahasa inggris - nurrokhman 1208010044 farmasi 2b
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ENGLISH TASK
HEALTH ARTIKEL ON JAKARTA POST
Name : Nurrokhman
NIM : 1208010044
Class : Farmasi 2B
FAKULTAS FARMASI
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PURWOKERTO
2013
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Health sense: Stomach cancer: Symptoms and treatment
Chan Hsiang Sui, Contributor, Singapore | Body and Soul | Wed, November 30 2011, 11:08 AM
Stomach cancer is also known as gastric cancer. It is a disease that is caused by an abnormal
growth of cells in the stomach. The cancer cells can develop throughout the stomach wall and
can spread and affect other organs in the body.
Like other forms of cancer, gastric cancer more commonly affects older people from ages 50 and
up. It is common in countries like Iceland, Japan and Chile.
In Singapore, it is the fifth most common cancer among women and the third among men. Over
the past 60 years, there has been a decreasing trend in the number of people diagnosed with
stomach cancer.
The most common type of stomach cancer is adhocaranoma of the stomach. This is when the
case arises from the lining of the stomach. Other types of stomach cancer are: lymphoma that
affects the functions of the immune system, carcinoid tumours that disrupt the hormone-
producing cells in the stomach and gastrointestinal stomach tumors, referring to gastric
sarcomas.
Symptoms of stomach cancer do not manifest in the early stage. More often than not they are
associated with the symptoms of minor stomach and digestive diseases. It is therefore
recommended to see a physician if any of the symptoms below persist longer than the usual:
persistent abdominal discomfort (bloating, nausea, heartburn), unintentional weight loss,
unexplained loss of blood, vomiting blood or passing out, difficult or painful swallowing,
previous stomach surgery or persistent vomiting.
When the patient has any of the above mentioned symptoms, he or she should be evaluated by
his or her physician. After evaluation, the doctor may refer him to an endoscopist for more
detailed investigation of the symptoms.
An endoscopist may be a general surgeon or a gastroenterologist. These are doctors who have an
interest in treating diseases of the stomach, intestines and colon.
When required a gastroscopy can be performed. In this procedure, a small tube with a camera at
the end is passed from the mouth into the stomach to have a look at the lining of the stomach. If a
cancer is found in the stomach, a biopsy can be performed at the same time to confirm the
diagnosis. This procedure usually takes less than 20 minutes. Many patients are initially fearful
about the procedure but their fears are usually unfounded. This procedure is done under sedation
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and the patient does not feel any discomfort when it is being performed. The risks with this
procedure are minimal.
The amount of stomach removed during surgery depends on the extent of and the position of the
cancer. If the cancer is in the upper half of the stomach, the whole stomach is removed. If it is in
the lower half than half to two-thirds of the surroundings of the stomach are also removed. At the
time of surgery, the lymph nodes surrounding the stomach are also removed.
After surgery the patient may require further treatment in the form of chemotherapy or
radiotherapy. This depends on what stage the cancer is.
After surgery, the patient is slowly able to return to a normal diet. Portions for each meal may be
smaller and as such those in recovery will need to eat more frequently.
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Difficult WordsWord Synonim Means
Throughout along sepanjang
Commonly generally umumnya
Symptoms signs gejala
Manifest Real Nyata
Unintentional unwitting Tidak disengaja
Vomiting throw up muntah
Swallowing ingest menelan
Persistent continuous Terus menerus
Surgeon Sawbones Ahli bedah
Treating Medicate Mengobati
Fearful Afraid takut
Sedation obat penenang
Risks hazard Resiko, bahaya
Surgery operation Operasi pembedahan
Extent of level tingkat
Surroundings environment lingkungan
Further Lebih lanjut
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ResumeThis article describes about disease stomach cancer. Stomach cancer is also known as
gastric cancer, is a disease caused by an abnormal growth of cells in the stomach. Gastric
cancer commonly attack people older than age 50 and over.
The most common type of stomach cancer is adhocaranoma stomach, is when cases arise
from the lining of the stomach. Other types of stomach cancer are: lymphoma that affects
the functions of the immune system, carcinoid tumors that disrupt the cells that produce
hormones in the stomach and gastrointestinal stomach tumors, referring to gastric
sarcomas.
Symptoms of stomach cancer are not seen in the early stages. Therefore if there are
symptoms of bloating, nausea, heartburn, unintentional weight loss last longer than usual,
it is advisable to see a doctor. persistent abdominal discomfort (bloating, nausea,
heartburn), weight loss was not intentional, described losing blood, vomit blood or pass
out, difficult or painful swallowing, history of abdominal surgery or persistent vomiting.
When a patient has the symptoms mentioned above, it should be evaluated by his or her
doctor. After evaluation, the doctor may refer him to the endoscopist for more detailed
investigation of symptoms.