tugas atk bab 2 dan bab 3

8/17/2019 Tugas Atk Bab 2 Dan Bab 3

1/51

AZAS TEKNIK KIMIA

Neraca Bahan Dalam Sistem Tanpa& Dengan Reaksi

OLEH:Kelompok X (Sepuluh)

Andre P. W (1304050 0)!"r#" P"ul" S#hom$#n% (1304050 4)P"n 'm$"r(1304050 )

#" E#rene (1304050 *)+r," Sep-#" "n (130405100)S"l " /od u,-#"(130405104)S#-# !" ,"r"h

(13040510 )

Departemen Teknik Kimia

Fakultas Teknik

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Medan


2/51

2014

Bab 2

Neraca Bahan Dalam Sistem Tanpa eaksi

2.8 A gas containing 79.1% N 2, 1.7% O 2, and 19.2% SO 2 is mixed with another

containing 50% SO 2, 6.5 % O 2, and ! .!7% N 2 to "rod#ce a "rod#ct gas

containing 21.!5% SO 2, 2.05% O 2, and 76.50% N 2. A$$ com"ositions are in mo$

%. etermine&

'a( )ow man* inde"endent stream +aria $es there are in the "ro $em.

' ( )ow man* materia$ a$ances can e written and how man* o- them wi$$ e

inde"endent.

'c( the ratio in which streams sho#$d e mixed.

So$#tion&

1 N 2

2 O 2

SO 2

(") 2er"&"- Ke$e$","n

($) Per,"m""n er" " !",,"• : x1

1

. N 1

6 x12

. N 2

7 x13

. N 3

(1)

• O : x21

. N 1

6 x22

. N 2

7 x23

. N 3

( )

• SO :............................... x31

. N 1

6 x32

. N 2

7 x33

.

N 3 ........................................................(3)

( ) Per$"nd#n%"n "l#r"n "n% h"ru, d# "mpurk"n

!

2

1/ixer x1

3

0,765

x12

0,! !7

x11

0,791

1. aria e$ e e asan 92.Neraca at

.S"esi-i• 3om"osisi 6• 4a # a$ir • )# #ngan "em ant#

0


3/51

81 7 095

7 094*

8111 7 093

1 7 09 4

3

2

1

8313 7 0905

3 7 09 5

L"n%k"h + : un"k"n $",#, N 1

7 1000mol

h

1 6 7 3

1000 6 7 3

• er" " komponen x1

1

. N 1

6 x12

. N 2

7 x13

. N 3

(1)

09 1.1000 6 09434 . N 2

7 09 5.(1000 6 )

1 6 09434 7 5 6 09 5093303 7

7 *9 11000 6 7 3

1000 6 *9 1 7 3

10 *9 1 7 3

",#o 7 N 1

N 2 7100078,71 7 1 9 04

2.12 he -eed to a disti$ation co$#mn contains 6% en ene * weight, theremainder eing to$#ene. he o+erhead disti$$ate is to contain 52% en ene *weight , whi$e the ottoms are to contain 5% en ene * weight. a$c#$ate&'a( he "ercentage o- the en ene -eed which is contained in the disti$ate.' ( he "ercentage o- the tota$ -eed which $ea+es as disti$$ate.


4/51

a e$ era at 3e e asan &:#m$ah aria e$ A$#r 6;ersamaan Neraca S4 2S"esi-i &

3om"osisi4a # A$ir

)# #ngan ;em ant#1

Basis 1Dera"at Kebebasan 0

< .......................................................................'1(Neraca Ben$ena & < w1 1000 '0, 6( < 2'0,52( > < '0,05(.................................

'2(Neraca % 2 & < w1

1000 '0,6!( < 2'0,!8( > < '0,95(...............................' (S# tit#si "ers '1( dan "ers '2(;ers '1( < 2 1000 ? <;ers '2( 1000 '0, 6( < 2'0,52( > < '0,05(/a a @ 60 '1000 ? < ('0,52( > < '0,05(

60 520 0,52 < > 0,05 <

<1600,47

= 340,43

Sehingga di"ero$eh&


5/51

F 2

F 1= (659,58 )(1000 ) x

100 = 65,96

2.17. A s$#rr* consisting o- 9a90 "reci"itate in a so$#tion o- NaO) and

) 2 0 is washed with an e #a$ mass o- a di$#te so$#tion o- 5% 'wt(

NaO) in ) 2 0 . he washed and sett$ed s$#rr* which is withdrawn -rom

the #nit contains 2 $ m o- so$#tion "er 1 $, o- so$id '9a90 (. he

c$ear so$#tion withdrawn -rom the #nit can e ass#mcd. to ha+e the sameconcentration as the so$#tion withdrawn with the Bso$ids 'sec


6/51

NaO) 5 %


7/51

1. 8 1 7 8 7 1000 l$m; &"m . W 3 >1) !"k" W 3 "OH 7 09 .W 4

"OH

8 4 7 000 ?1000 7 1000 l$m;&"m

3. ( massa NaOH

massaH 2 O +massa NaOH ) 7 (massaNaOH massa total ) @

( massatotalmassaH 2 O +massa NaOH )

( F 3 NaOH

F 3 H 2 O+ F 3 NaOH ) 7 ( F 3 NaOH

F 3 ) ( F 3

F 3 H 2 O + F

3 NaOH )

W ¿

¿3¿

NaOH (¿ H 2 O +W

3¿ X F

3 ¿¿¿)¿¿W 3 NaOH X F

3

¿¿

7 (W 3 NaOH X F 3 F 3 )

W ¿

¿3¿

NaOH (¿ H 2 O +W

3¿ X F

3 ¿¿¿)¿¿ F 3¿¿

( massa NaOH massaH 2 O +massa NaOH ) 7 ( w3 NaOH

1− w 3CaCO 3)


8/51

( w3 NaOH 1− 0,333 ) 7 W 4 NaOH Spe,#Bk",#:P"d" ",h ,olu-#on9 "OH 7 5 =

P"d" Ceed ,lurr kompo,#,# d"r# ke-#%" komponen ,"m" "#-u

m",#n% D m",#n% komponen 7 1;3 l$m

• er" " Komponen


9/51

!"k" W 3 "OH 7 1?09513?0933 7 0915 l$m

2.21

A s$#rr* consisting o- iO 2 "reci"itate in a sa$t water so$#tion is to e washed in threestages as shown in the -$owsheet o- -ig#re ;2.21. C- the -eed s$#rr* consists o- 1000$ m=h o- 20% iO 2 , 0% sa$t and the rest water, ca$c#$ate the wash water rate to eachstage. Ass#me that &

a. 80% o- the sa$t -ed to each stage $ea+es in the waste so$#tion

. he stages are o"erated so that the s$#rr* $ea+ing contains one third so$idsc. Cn each stage, the sa$t concentration in its waste so$#tion is the same as the sa$t

concentration o- the so$#tion entrained with the s$#rr* $ea+ing that stage.

;en*e$esaian &)# #ngan "em ant#&

•


10/51

• E 110 1=• E 15 1=• E 28 E 29

• E 27

E 210

• E 26 E 25

a e$ era at 3e e asanGnit 1 Gnit 2 Gnit ;roses Overall

aria e$ a$#r a$ir 9 9 9 21 15 Neraca S4 9

S"esi-i asi&3om"osisi 2 0 0 2 24a # A$ir 1 0 0 1 1

)# . ;em ant# ! ! 9ota$ 9 7 7 21 93 0 2 2 0 6

• 4ang ah C, se$esai an #nit C

< < 1 > < 2 < 8 > < 9 1000 > < 2 < 9

Sen&a'a Ti% 2 pada unit (iO 2 E 11 0,567. 600 0,567500 > < 2 !0,2 > 0,9 < 8

0,9 < 8


11/51

2!0,2 0,1 < 8


12/51

E 9 E < E 7 E 10 E < E 7 E 10 E < 0,98 < 7 > 90 E 10 1 0,22 0,

0,65

0,9 < 7 ? < !9,8 < 0,98 < 7 ? !9,8

S# sit#si an e "ersamaan awa$ &600 > < < 7 > < 10

600 > 0,98 < 7 ? !9,8 < 7

> 600 600 ? !9,8 ? 600 < 7 0,98


13/51

Sen&a'a Salt pada unit (((E 210


14/51

2.29 Oi$seed "rotein so#rce inc$#de so* ean, cottonseed, "ean#t, s#n-$ower, co"ra,

ra"eseed, sesame, sa--$ower, castor and -$ax. ommon$*, the se"aration o- the

oi$ -rom the "rotein mea$ is "er-ormed * so$+ent extraction. he ana$*sis o-

cotton is !% h#$$, 10% $inter, 7% mea$, and !9% oi$. #ring the extractionste", 2 $ m so$+ent, hexane, m#st e #sed "er 1 $ m c$ean seeds "rocessed.


15/51

;en*e$esaian&

!"!ngan pem"ant!# F 7 + F 8

F 7 = 2

KE :H7 HullL7 L#n-er!7 !e"lO7 O#lS7 SolFen-


16/51

a e$ era at 3e e asanSeed

$earning

So$+enHxtraction

So$+enIeco+er* ;roses Overall

aria e$ a$#r a$ir 8 8 ! 15 10 Neraca S4 ! 2 9 5

S"esi-i asi&3om"osisi 1 0 ! !4a # A$ir 1 0 0 1 1

)# . ;em ant# 1 0 1 0ota$ 8 5 2 15 103 0 2 0 0

L"n%k"h + : Ker&"k"n un#- Seed


17/51

• Seh#n%%" d#peroleh H 8 7 40

$ 2 7 (40;140) 7 % 2'(

L 8 7 100L 7 (100;140) ) % *1+

W3 ! 8 3 7 3 0

$ 2 , 7 (3 0;* 0) ) % +3

- 3 . 7 1? 3 ! 7 1? 09437 % /*

2"r# OFer "ll (ke,eluruh"n)d#peroleh


18/51


19/51

3.1 A e-"ldeh de9


20/51

1

X1 7 5=

Reakt0r111

34


21/51

X1 7 09 5 7 X 1 7

N 1− ¿1 N 12

N 11

¿

09 5 71 (1000 )− N 12

1 (1000 )

N 12

7 50 mol /h

A%"r d"p"- d#peroleh


22/51

50 7 0 6 R2

R2 7 950 mol /h

Hu$un%"n #eld9

Y 2= R2

R2 max

Y 2= N 2

2− N 21

R2 max

0,8 = N 22− 0

950

N 22= 760 mol

h

er" " 7 N 22

7 N 21

6 r 1

0 7 0 6 r 1

r 17

760 mol /h

er" " 1 7 N 12

7 N 11

? r 1 ? 2 r 2

50 7 1000 ? 0 ? 2 r 2

r 2 7 95 mol /h

er" " 3 7 N 32

7 N 31

6 r 1 6 2 r 2

7 0 6 0 6 ( 5)

7 950 mol /h

er" " 4 7 N 42

7 N 41

6 r 2


23/51

7 0 6 5

7 95 mol /h

!"k"9l"&u "l#r mol d# ou-pu- re"k-or "d"l"h

N 2 7 N 12 + N 22+ N 32+ N 42

7 50 +760 +950 +95

7 1*55 mol;h


24/51

.22 )*drodea$ *$ation is a "rocess in which side chains, consisting o- a$ *$ gro#"s,are remo+ed -rom aromatics * reactions with h*drogen to -orm the "arent

aromatic com"o#nd. ) 2 6) 6 > ) !

J*$ene can e con+erted to to$#ene&

6) ! ' ) (2 > ) 2 6) 5 ) > ) !

;se#doc#mene and other 9 )*drocar ons containing three ) gro#"s can e

con+erted to x*$enes&6) ' ) ( > ) 2 6) ! ' ) (2 > ) !

Cn a gi+en a""$ication, a re-iner* re-ormate stream consisting o- 5 % en ene,

20% to$#ene, 5% x*$ene, and !0% 9 )*drocar ons is reacted with h*drogen.

C- 5 mo$ )2 is #sed "er 1 mo$ -eed, 80% con+ersion o- to$#ene, 7!%

con+ersion o- x*$ene, and 70% con+ersion o- 9 )*drocar ons are attained.

he "rod#cts stream is -o#nd to contain a sma$$ amo#nt, 0,1% o- *"hen*$,

indicating that the side reaction

2 6) 6 6) 5 6) 5 > ) 2

Occ#rs to some extent. a$c#$ate the com"$ete com"osition o- the reactor o#t$et

stream.

*en&elesaian+

6) 5 ) > ) 2 6) 6 > ) ! @ r 1

6) ! ' ) (2 > ) 2 6) 5 ) > ) ! @ r 2

6) ' ) ( > ) 2 6) ! ' ) (2 > ) ! @ r

2 6) 6 6) 5 6) 5 > ) 2 @ r !

3eterangan

1 en ene 5 )*drogen

2 to$#ene 6 *"hen*$

x*$ene 7 ) !

! 9 )*drocar ons


25/51

N1 J 51

N2 N J KL

J 12 0,05 N J 2 KL

J 22 0,20 N J ! KL

J 2 0, 5 N J 5 KL

J ! 2 0,!0 J 6 0,001

N J 7 KL

)ubun,an*embantu+

:i a 5 mo$ ) 2 dig#na an= 1 mo$ #m"an

I1 N1 J 51 5

N 2

I J 0,7!

I2 J 2 0,80I! J ! 0,70

Dera"atKebebasan

1. aria e$ e e asan 12>!2.Neraca at 7

.S"esi-i• 3om"osisi !•

4a # a$ir 0• )# #ngan "em ant# ! 1

• Fasis 1 0

Fasis N 2 1000mol

h

N 2 J 12 1000. 0,05 50

N 2 J 22 1000. 0,20 200

1

Iea tor

2


26/51

N 2 J 2 1000. 0, 5 50

N 2 J ! 2 100. 0,!0 !00

ari h# #ngan "em ant# dida"at an&

N 1 J 51 5

N 2

N 1 J 51 5 . N 2 5. 1000 5000

N J 2 200 '1 0,8( !0 N J 2 N 2 J 22 '1 J 2(

N J 50 '1 0,7!( 91 N J N 2 J 2 '1 J (

N J ! !00 '1 0,70( 120 N2 J ! N 2 J ! 2 '1 J ! (

o$#ena N J 2 N 2 J 22 ? r 1 > r 2

!0 200 ? r 1 > r 2KKKKKKK'1(

J*$en N J N 2 J 2 ? r 2 > r

91 50 ? r 2 > r KKKKKKKK'2(

9 )*drocar ons N J ! N 2 J ! 2 ? r

120 !00 ? r

r 280

/a a, da"at dimas# an e"ersamaan '2( men adi&

91 50 ? r 2 > r 91 50 ? r 2 > 280

r 2 50 > 280 ? 91 5 9

dari hasi$ *ang dida"at dimas# an e "ersamaan '1( men adi &

!0 200 ? r 1 > r 2

!0 200 ? r 1 > 5 9

r 1 200 > 5 9 ? !0 699

) ! N J 7

r 1 > r 2 > r 280 > 5 9> 699

1518

6) 6 N J 1 50 > r 1 2r !

N J 1 50 > 699 2r !

N J 1 7!9 2r ! KKKKK..' (

N J 5 500 ? r 1 ? r 2 ? r > r !

5000 ? 699 ? 5 9 ? 280 > r !


27/51

!82 > r ! KKKKKKKK.'!(

N 1 > N 2 5000 > 1000

6000

:adi, N 63

N ❑3

. N tota$

0,001 . 6000

6

• N 13

7 4 D (r 4

¿ 4 D ( )

7 7• N 5

3

7 34* 6 r 4

7 34* 6 7 34**

!"k"9") IenJene: 3 X1 3 7 3

X3 3 7737

6000 7 091 *

$) oluen": 3 X 3 7 40

J 240

6000 0,00667

) X len": 3 X3 3 7 1

X3 3 791

6000 7 09015

d) H#drok"r$on: 3 X4 3 7 1 0

X4 3 7120

6000 7 090

e) H : 3 X5 3 7 34**

X5 3 734886000 7 095*13

C)


28/51

.28 ;rod#ct ; is "rod#ced -rom reactant I according the reaction

2I M; > E

Eith side reactions

I MF > E

; M2F > E

On$* 50% con+ersion o- I is achie+ed in the reactor '


29/51

;en*e$asaian&

N R1 : N I

1= 11:1

3om"onen Iea si 1 Iea si 2 Iea si I 2 1 0; 1 0 1F 0 1 2E 1 1 1

2 1 0 I

1 0 1 ;

0 1 2 F

1 1 1 E

aha" C & H$emen "ada o$om "ertama di agi dengan e$emen o$om "ertama *ang

"a$ing atas.

1 1 0 I

1=2 0 1 ;

0 1 2 F

1=2 1 1 E

)asi$n*a di #m$ah an dengan e$emen "ada o$om 2 sehingga e$emen "a$ing atas

o$om 2 erni$ai 0.

1 0 0 I

1=2 1=2 1 ;

0 1 2 F

1=2 1=2 1 E

Agar ni$ai e$emen o$om etiga erni$ai 0, ma a o$om ed#a di a$i dengan 2 dan

di #m$ah an dengan o$om

1 0 0 I 1 0 0 I

1=2 1 1 ; 1=2 1 0 ;

0 2 2 F 0 2 0 F

1=2 1 1 E 1=2 1 0 E


30/51

Agar aris ed#a "ada o$om 1 erni$ai 0, ma a o$om 1 di a$i dengan 2 dan

hasi$n*a di #m$ah an dengan o$om

2 0 0 I 2 0 0 I

1 1 0 ; 0 1 0 ;

0 2 0 F 2 2 0 F

1 1 0 E 2 1 0 E

3o$om "ertama disederhana an dengan di agi dengan 2

1 0 0 I

0 1 0 ;

1 2 0 F

1 1 0 E

/a a terda"at 2 "ersamaan rea si *ang S4, *ait#&

F > E M I

2F > E M I

/ixe

r

Iea to

r

Se"erato

r

S"$itte

r

;rose

s

3ese$#r#ha

naria e$ a$#r a$ir 6 9 10 6 20 9

;eneracaan

S42 5 5 2 1! 5

S"esi-i a

si

3om"osi

si1 2 0 0

4a # A$ir 1 0 0 0 0 0)# .

;em ant

#

Iasio 1 0 0 0 1 1

3on+ersi 0 1 0 0 1 03enda$a

;em agi0 0 0 1 1 1

ota$ 5 9 7 20 7era at 3e e asan 1 0 0 2


31/51

• e"k-or3 100mol; &"m

2"r# hu$un%"n konFer,#:X 7 50= 7 095 N R4 = N R3 (1 − 0,5 )

N R4 = 0,88 ∗10009,50

7 44mol;&"m

Pener" ""n: N R4 = N R

3 +r 1 >>>>>>>.(1)

P N p4 = N p

3 +r 2 >>>>>>>.( )

N p4 = r 2

I N B4 = N B3 − r 1− 2 r 2

N B4 =− r 1− 2 r 2 >>>>>>(3)

W N W 4 = N W

3 − r 1− r 2

N W 4 =− r 1− r 2

+ N I 4 = N I

3

N I 4 = X I

3 · N 3

¿0,12 · 100

¿12 mol jam

2"r# per,"m""n 19 9 39 d"n 4. N R

4 = N R3 +r 1

N R4 = X R ·

3 N 3 +r 1

44 = 0,88 · 100 +r 1

r 1=− 44 mol jam

N p4 = r 2 X P

4 · N 4 = r 2

0,21 N 4= r 2 N

4 = r 20,21 >>..(5)

N B4 =− r 1− 2 r 2

X B

4 · N 4 =− r 1− 2 r 2


32/51

0,07 N 4 =− r 1− 2 r 2 >>>>>>>>>>.( )

N W 4 =− r 2 − r 2

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( )

Su$,. Per,"m""n 5 ke per,"m""n

0,07r 2

0,21=− r 1 − 2 r 2

0,07r 2

0,21= 44 − 2 r 2

r2= 18,857 mol

jam

N P4 = r 2= 18,857

mol jam

2"r# per,"m""n 3

N B4 =− r 1− 2 r 2

N B4 = 44 − 2 (18,857 )

¿6,285 mol jam

2"r# per,"m""n 4


33/51

N W 4 =− r 1− r 2

¿44 − 18,857 = 25,143 mol jam

N 4 = N R4 + N I

4 + N P4 + N B

4 + N W 4

¿44 +12 +18,857 +6,285 +25,143

¿106,285 mol

jam

!"k"G X R4 = N R

4

N 4= 44

106,285= 0,4139

X I 4 = N I

4

N 4= 12

106,285= 0,1129

X P4 = N P

4

N 4= 18,857

106,285= 0,177

X B4 = N B

4

N 4= 6,285

106,285= 0,0591

X W 4 = N W 4

N 4 = 25,143106,285 = 0,23


34/51

2"r# #nCorm",# "n% d#d"p"-k"n9 "k"n d#peroleh -"$el der"&"- ke$e$","n

/ixe

r

Iea to

r

Se"erato

r

S"$itte

r

;rose

s

3ese$#r#ha

naria e$ a$#r a$ir 6 9 10 6 20 9;eneracaan

S42 5 5 2 1! 5

S"esi-i a

si

3om"osi

si1 ! 0 0

4a # A$ir 0 0 1 0 0 0)# .

;em ant

#

Iasio 1 0 0 0 1 1

3on+ersi 0 1 0 0 1 03enda$a

;em agi0 0 0 1 1 1

ota$ ! 9 10 20 7era at 3e e asan 2 0 0 0 2

• Seper"-or

Neraca ota$& ∑masuk =

∑keluar

N 4 = N 5 + N 6

Neraca ;& N P4 = N P

5

X P4 · N 4 = N P

5

N P5 = 0,117 · 106,288 = 18,813 mol

jam

W: N W 4 = N W

5

N W 5 = X W

4 · N 4


35/51

¿0,23 ·106,288 = 24,446 mol jam

I: N B4 = N B5

N B5 = X B

4 · N 4

¿0,0591 · 106,288 = 6,2816 mol jam

!"k"9 d"r# per,"m""n ner" " -o-"l

N 4 = N 5 + N 6

106,288 = N P5 + N W

5 + N B5 + N 6

N 6= 106,288 − (18,813 +24,446 +6,2816 )

¿56,747 mol jam

Neraca I& N R6 = N R

4

N R6 = 44 X R

6 = N R6

N 6 =

4456,747

= 0,7753

Neraca C& N I 6= N I

4

N B6 = 12 X I

6 = N I 6

N 6= 12

56,747= 0,2114

Splitter


36/51

Neraca tota$& N 6= N 7 + N 2 N

7= N 2

N 6= 2 N

N = 56,7472

= 28,3725 mol jam

N 7= N 2 = 28,3725 mol jam

X R7 = X R

6 = X R2 = 0,7753

X I 7 = X I

6= X I 2= 0,2114

Mi er

Neraca tota$& ∑ masuk =∑ keluar

N 1+ N 2= N 3

N 1+28,3735 = 100

N 1= 71,6265 mol jam

Neraca I& N R1 = N R

3 − N R2

¿0,88 ·100 − 0,7753 ·28,3735

¿66 mol

jam

N I 1= N R

1

11= 66

11= 6 mol

jam


37/51

/a a, awa ann*a ia$ah

N 1= 71,6265 mol jam

N R1 = 66 mol

jam N I

1= 6 mol jam

N 4 = 106,288 mol jam X R

2 = X R7 = X R

6 = 0,7753

N I 4 = 12 mol

jam X I

2= X I 7= X I

6= 0,2114

N R4 = 44 mol

jam X I

4 = 0,1129

N B4 = 6,285 mol

jam X R4 = 0,4139

N p4 = 18,857 mol

jam X P

4 = 0,177

N W 4 = 25,143 mol

jam X B4 = 0,0591

N P5 = 18,813 mol

jam X W

4 = 0,23

N W 5 = 24,446 mol

jam

N B5 = 6,2816 mol

jam

N 6= 56,747 mol jam

N 2= N 7 = 28,3735 mol jam

N R3 = 88 mol

jam


38/51

N I 3= 12 mol

jam

.29 /ost modern "roccess -rom "rod#ction o- nitrid acid are ased on these #entia$ oxidation o- ammonia to oxides o- nitrogen -o$$owed * a sor"tiono- these intermediate in water. Cn the -$owsheet shown on -ig#re ; .29,ammonia and air are mixed in 1&10 mo$ar ratio and reacted cata$*tica$$* in the-irst reactor stage. he two reaction are the main reaction occ#ring are the mainreaction

• ! N) > 5 O2 ! NO > 6 )2O

• 2 N) > =2 O2 N2 > )2O

• NO > O2 NO2

• 2 NO2 > O2 > )2O 2)NO

he waste gas -rom the "roccess contains % NO2, and a o#t 10% )2O. heair com"osition ma* e ta en as 21% O2, and 79% N2. Ass#ming a$$com"osition are in mo$ %, ca$c#$ate the com"osition o- a$$ streams in the

"roccess.

a e$ era at e e asan

Iea tor 1 Iea tor 2 Adsor er ;roses Overall

aria e$ a$#r a$ir 7 > 2 8 > 1 11 > 1 18 > ! 10 > ! Neraca S4 5 5 5 15 7

S"esi-i asi&3om"osisi 1 0 ! !4a # A$ir 0 0 0 0 0

)# . ;em ant#I 1 1 0 0 1 1I 2 1 0 0 1 0ota$ 8 5 8 21 12

3 1 ! ! 1 2


39/51

4ang ah C, hit#ng Iea tor C;ersamaan neraca -.KT% ( +Fasis N 1 1000 mo$= am ata# N1 N)

• ari h# #ngan "em ant#

N 2 10 N 1

N 2 10 '1000( 10.000 mo$= am

• ari h# #ngan "em ant#

• N NO 0,95 N 1

0,95 '1000(

950 mo$= am• Neraca N%

N %UT N% / N inN% > !r 1 950 0 > !r 1 r 1 2 7,5 mo$= am

• Neraca N 3

N %UT N)! / N in N)! !r 1 ? 2r 2

0 1000 ? !'2 7,5( ? 2r 2 r 2 25 mo$= am

• Neraca % 2

N %UT %2 / N in%2 5r 1 ? =2 r 2 0,21 '10000( ? 5'2 7,5( ? =2 '25( 875 mo$= am

• Neraca ) 2%

N%UT

)2% / Nin

)2% > 6r 1 > r 2 0 > 6 '2 7,5( > '25( 1500 mo$= am

• Neraca N 2

N %UT N2 / N in N2 > r 2 0,79 '10.000( > 25 7925 mo$= am

• adi N! N O2 > N )2O > N NO > N N2


40/51

875 > 1500 > 950 > 7925 11.250 mo$= am

an,kah (( hitun, -.KT% ((• Neraca N%

N #ut N% / N in N% ? r 0 950 ? r r 950 mo$= am

• Neraca % 2

N #ut %2 / N in%2 ? r 0 875 ? '950(

!00 mo$= am

• Neraca N 2

N #ut N2 / N in N2 > 0 7925 mo$= am

• Neraca N% 2

N #ut N%2 / N in N%2 > r 0 > 950

950 mo$= am

• Neraca ) 2%

N #ut )2% / N in )2% > 0 1500 > 0

1500 mo$= am

• adi N4 N ! NO2 > N ! O2 > N ! )2O > N ! N2

950 > !00 > 1500 > 7925

10775 mo$= am Setelah itu hitun, alur %verall 31 2 5 67 (n / 1 2 %ut / 5 6

• Neraca % 2 8 8 8 8 8 8 317

N o#t N inO2 ? 5r 1 ? =2 r 2 ? r ? r !J 6O2 J 2O2 N2 ? 5r 1 ? =2 r 2 ? r ? r !

0,21 '10.000( ? 5 '2 7,5( ? =2 '25( ? '950( ? r ! !00 ? r !

• Neraca N 2 8 8 8 8 8 8 327


41/51

N o#t N in N2 > r 2J 2 N2 N6 J 2 N2 . N2 > r 2'1 ? 0,005 . 0,1 ? J O26(N 6 0,79 '10.000( > 25'0,895 ? J O26(N 6 7925

• Neraca ) 2O . . . . . . ' (

N o#t)2O N in)2O > 6r 1 > r 2 ? r !J 7)2O N7 > J 6)2O N6 J )2O 5 > 6r 1 > r 2 ? r !0,! N 7 > 0,1 N 6 1 'N 5( > 6'2 7,5( > '25( ? r !0,! N 7 > 0,1 N N 5 > 1500 ? r !

• Neraca NO 2 . . . . . . '!(

N o#t NO2 N in NO2 > r ? 2r !J 6 NO2 N6 0 > r ? 2r !

0,005 N6

950 ? 2r !

• Neraca )NO . . . . . . '5(

N o#t)NO N in)NO > 2r !J 7)NO N 7 0 > 2r !0,6 N 7 2r !

H$iminasi neraca O 2 dengan N 2 . . . . . . . .'6(J 6O2 N6 !00 ? r ! MM J6O2 N6 !00 ? r !'0,895 J 6O2(N 6 7925 MM '0,895 J6O2(N 6 7925

>

0,895 N 6 8 25 ? r !

H$iminasi neraca ! dengan 60,005 N 6 950 ? 2 r ! MM 0,00125 N6 2 7,5 ? r !

MM '0,895 J6O2(N 6 8 25 ? r !

0,89 75 N 6 8087,5 N 6 90!8,95mo$= am

• Neraca N 2 MM '0,895 ? JO26( . '90!8,95( 7925

J O26 0,0192

• Neraca NO 2 MM 0,005 '90!8,95( 950 ? 2r !

2r ! 90!,755 r ! !52, 7

• Neraca )NO MM 0,6 N7 2 '!52, 7(

N 7 1507,92


42/51

• Neraca ) 2O MM 0,! '1507,92( > 0,1 '90!8,95( N 5>1500 ? !52, 7

60 ,17 > 90!,895 N 5 > 10!7,6

N 5 !60,! 5

. 2 Hth*$ene oxide is made * the "artia$ oxidation o- eth*$ene with ox*gen #sing

a si$+er cata$*st&

An #ndesira $e side reaction a$so occ#rs&

Eith a reactor in$et com"osition o- 10% 2) ! , 11% O2, 1% O2, and the rest N2 inert di$#te, 25% con+ersion is o ser+ed and the reactor o#t$et stream is

-o#nd to contain 2 mo$ O2 "er 1 mo$ )2O. he eth*$ene oxide is remo+ed

-rom the stream $ea+ing the reactor * means o- an a sor er. he o+erhead

gases -rom the a sor er are -o#nd to contain 6 mo$ 2)! "er 1 mo$ O2. he

2)!O containing $i #id '!% 2)!O( -rom the a sor er is sent to a steam

stri""er. he "rod#ct, stream 12, ana$* es 25% 2)!O. ;art o- gases -rom

the a sor er are "#rged and the remainder is rec*c$ed to the reactor.'a( onstr#ct a degree o- -reedom ta $e and show the "rocess is s"eci-ied.' ( ed#ce a ca$c#$ation order ass#ming a$$ -$ows and com"ositions are to e

ca$c#$ated. i+e ex"$anations.'c( a$c#$ate the di$#ent N2 re #ired "er mo$e o- 2)! -ed to the "rocess.'d( a$c#$ate the o+era$$ *ie$d o- 2)!O -rom 2)! in the "rocess.

a$c#$ate the -ractiona$ *ie$d o- 2)!o as it occ#rs in the reactor itse$-.

Hx"$ain wh* these are di--erent.

2 2) ! > O 2 P 2 2) ! O

2) ! > O 2 P 2 O 2 > 2) 2O


43/51

am ar . 2 &

*en&elesaian +i etah#i &

• )# #ngan;em ant# &

N C 2 H 45

0,75 x 0.1 x N !

N CO 25

2 x N H 2 O5

• 3enda$a;em agi &'N 1('S 1( '! 1('2 1(

Iea tor

A sor

i$#entSti er


44/51

• Iea si *ang ter adi &

2 2) ! > O 2 P 2 2) ! O2) ! > O 2 P 2 O 2 > 2) 2O

/ixer

Iea tor A sor er

Stri""er

S"$itter ;roses

Overall

aria e$ a$#r a$ir 11 10 > 2 1! 8 12 > 2 11 > 2

Neraca S4 ! 6 6 ! 2 6S"esi-i asi&

3om"osisi 1 2 0 5 1

4a # A$ir 0 0 0 0 0 0 0)# .;em ant# 0 2 2 0 ! 6 1

ota$ 7 11 9 5 ! 83 ! 1 5 1 5

a Ta"el Dera at ke"e"asan

" 4ersamaan 5ari ,a ! Alir 5an K0mp0sisi #18 eakt#r

•

Fasis ' N!

( 1000• )# #ngan;em ant#

N C 2 H 45

0,75 x 0,1 x N !

N C 2 H 45

0,75 x 0,1 x 1000

N C 2 H 45

75

• N CO 25

2 N H 2 O5

• ;ersamaan &

a. N C 2 H 45

N C 2 H 44

? 2r 1 ? r 275 1000 x 0.1 2r 1 ? r 2 75 100 2r 1 ? r 2 2r 1 ? r 2 25KKKKKKK'1(

. N O 25

N O 24

?r 1 ? r 2

1000 x 0.11 r 1 ? r 2


45/51

110 r 1 ? r 2................'2(

c. N N 25

N N 24

0,78 x 1.000 780

d. N CO 25

N CO 24

> 2r 2KKKK.' (

10> 2r 2

e. N H 205

N H 204

> 2r 2

0 > 2r 2 2r 2KKKKKKK.'!(

-. N C 2 H 4 O5

N C 2 H 4 O4

> 2r 1

0 > 2r 1 2r 1KKKKKKK'5(

g. N CO 25

10 > 2r 2KKKKKK' (

2 N H 2 O5

10> 2r 2

2 x 2r 2 10> 2r 2!r 2 10> 2r 22r 2 10r 2 5

h. 2r 1 ? r 2 25KKKKKKK'1(2r 1 20r 1 10

:adi, N 5 ota$ 990

28 .bs#rber

• )# #ngan;em ant# &

X C 2 H 46

6 X C 2 H 46

• ;ersamaan &

a. N C 2 H 45

N C 2 H 46

N C 2 H 46

75KKKKKKKK..'1(


46/51

. N O 25

N O 26

N O 26

85KKKKKKKKK..'2(

c. N N 25

N N 26

N N 26

780KKKKKK...' (

d. N CO 25

N CO 26

> N CO 29

20 N CO 26

> N CO 29

KKKK.'!(

e. N H 2 O5

N H 2 O10

> N H 209

10 > N H 2 O10 N H 20

9

KKK.'5(

-. N C 2 H 4 O5

N 9. J 2)!O

20 N 9x 0,0! N9 500

g. N C 2 H 46

75KKKKKK.'1(

X C 2 H 46

. N 6 75

N 6.6 N CO 26

75

6 N CO 26

75

N CO 26

75=6

N CO 26

12,5

h. i A$#r 6 & N C 2 H 4

6

75

N O 26

85

N N 26

780

N CO 26

12,5 >

N6

952,5


47/51

i. 10 > N H 2 O10

N H 209

KKKK.'5(

10 > N H 2 O10

N 9. X H 209

10 > N H 2 O10

' 0,96 X CO 29

( 500

10 > N H 2 O10

!80 ? 500 X CO 29

10 > N H 2 O10

!80 ? 500 '0,015(

N H 2 O10

!62,5

. 20 N CO 26

> N CO 29

KKKK.'!(

20 12,5 > N CO 29

N CO 29

7,5

N 9 . X CO 29

7,5

500 . X CO 29

7,5

X CO 29

0,015

/a a, A$#r 6 terdiri dari&

1. N 6. X C 2 H 46

75

X C 2 H 46

75=952,5

X C 2 H 46

0,0787

2. N 6. X O 26

85

X O 26

85 = 952,5

X O 26

0,0892

. N6. X N 26

780

X N 26

780 = 952, 5


48/51

X N 26

0,8188

!. N6

. X CO 2

6

12,5 X CO 2

6

12,5 = 952,5

X CO 26

0,01 12

/a a A$#r 9 terdiri dari &

1. X C 2 H 49

0,0!

2. X CO 29

0,015

. X H 2O9

0,01 12!. N 9 500

!8 Stripper )# #ngan;em ant# &

a. 1 X CO 212

> X C 2 H 4 O12

X H 2O12

X CO 212

1 ? 0,25 ? 0,09 75

X CO 212

0,65625

/a a &

18 N C 2 H 4 O12

80 . 0,75

N C 2 H 4 O12

20

28 N CO 212

80 . 0,09 75

N CO 212

7,5

!8 N H 2 O12 80 . 0,65625

N H 2 O12 52,5

• ;ersamaan &


49/51

a. N C 2 H 4 O9

N C 2 H 4 O12

20 N 12. J 2)!O N 12 20 = 0,25

N12

80

. N CO 29

N 12. J O2

7,5 N 12. J O2J O2 7,5 = 80J O2 0,09 75

c. N H 2 O9

> N H 2 O11 N H 2 O

12

> N H 2 O10

!72,5> N H 2 O11 52,5 > !62,5

N H 2 O11

!2,5

d. 1 X CO 212

> X C 2 H 4 O12 X H 2O

12

X CO 212

1 ? 0,25 ? 0,09 75

X CO 212

0,65625

e. N C 2 H 4 O12

80 . 0,75

N C 2 H 4 O12

20

-. N CO 212

80 . 0,09 75

N CO 212

7,5

g. N H 2 O12 80 . 0,65625

N H 2 O12 52,5

48 Mi9er;ersamaan &

a. N CO 24

N 8. X CO 28

10 N8

. 0,01 12


50/51

N8 762

. N ! . X O 24

N 8. X O 28

> N O 22

110 67,9709 > N O 22

N O 22

!2, 0291

c. N C 2 H 44

N C 2 H 41

> N 8. X C 2 H 48

100 N C 2 H 41

> 762 '0,07879(

N C 2 H 41

!0

d. N N 24 N N 2

3

> N N 28

780 N N 23

> 762 '0,0188(

N N 23

156

8 Splitter 3*emba,i7 +3arena di S"$itter ' ;em agi (, terda"at enda$a "em agi &

a. X C 2 H 46 = X C 2 H 48 = X C 2 H 47 0,0787!

. X O 26 = X O 2

8 = X O 27

0,0892

c. X N 26 = X N 2

8 = X N 27

0,8188

d. X CO 26 = X CO 2

8 = X CO 27

0,01 12

;ersamaan &

N C 2 H 46 N 8. X C 2 H 48

> N C 2 H 47

75 762 .' 0,0787! ( > N 7 ' 0,0787!( N7 190,5

c 4er"an5ingan N 2 5engan 6 2 + terha5ap !mpan 7ang mas!k #

N N 23

N C 2 H 41

15640 ,9


51/51

5 8raksi 9iel5 5ari 6 2 + . #

Q N C 2 H 4 O

5

X Fraksi . N C 2 H 4 O4 J 100%

200,25 . 0,1 .1000 J 100%

2025 J 100%

80%

e8 Fraksi :ield dari ; 2) 4% +

Q N C 2 H 4 O

5

X Fraksi . N C 2 H 4 O4 J 100%

200,25 . 0,1 .1000 J 100%

2025 J 100%

80%

tugas atk bab 2 dan bab 3

Documents