strategi pengembangan industri pertahanan dalam rangka mendukung kemandirian alat utama dan sistem...

8/2/2019 STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PERTAHANAN DALAM RANGKA MENDUKUNG KEMANDIRIAN ALAT UTAMA DAN SI

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\TZETK@I ^KO@KGJEO@EO IOD[\TZI ^KZTEBEOEO

DECEG ZEO@ME GKOD[M[O@ MKGEODIZIEO ECET

[TEGE DEO \I\TKG \KOHETE "EC[T\I\TE)

\mzi~|i ioi dieh{meo {ot{m gkcko`me~i |eceb |et{ |yezet gkohedi \ezheoe Tkmoim

^zf`zeg \t{di Tkmoim Iod{|tzi

Di|{|{o Fckb 8

Oege 8 DKDKO K^KODI

Ofgfz ^fmfm 8 :>0/ 45;/ >


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DECEG ZEO@ME GKOD[M[O@ MKGEODIZIEO

ECET [TEGE DEO \I\TKG \KOHETE "EC[T\I\TE)

Di~kz|ie~meo deo di|{|{o fckb 8

Oege 8 Dkdko K~kodi

Ofgfz ^fmfm 8 :>0/ 45;/ >55 deo dioyetemeo tkceb gkgko{bi |yezet {ot{m ditkzige

^kz|kt{h{eo Mfgi|i ko`{hi

Of/ Hejeteo Oege Teode Teo`eo

5/ Mkt{e Iz/ \{`ko` ^zeyitof ////////////////////////

:/ Eo``fte DZ/Iz/ Zkde Zixec# G/\i ////////////////////////

55

[oiqkz|ite| ^kgjeo`{oeo Oe|ifoec Qktkzeo Hemezte

Aem{cte| Tkmoim Iod{|tzi

Mkt{e ^zf`zeg \t{di

"Iz/ \{`ko` ^zeyitof)

iq


3/83

^KZOYETEEO MKE\CIEO \MZI^\I

\eye yeo` jkzteode teoèo di jepeb ioi gkoyetemeo dkoèo |k|{o``{boye jebpe

|mzi~|i dkoèo h{d{c 8


DECEG ZEO@ME GKOD[M[O@ MKGEODIZIEO ECET

[TEGE DEO \I\TKG \KOHETE "EC[T\I\TE)

Yeo` dij{et {ot{m gkcko`me~i ~kz|yezeteo gkohedi \ezheoe Tkmoim ~ede ^zf`zeg

\t{di Tkmoim Iod{|tzi [oiqkz|ite| ^kgjeo`{oeo Oe|ifoec Qktkzeo Hemezte#

|khe{b yeo` |eye mkteb{i j{meo gkz{~emeo tiz{eo ete{ d{~cime|i dezi |mzi~|i yeo`

|{deb di~{jcime|imeo ete{ ~kzoeb di~emei {ot{m gkode~et `kcez |ezheoe di

cio`m{oèo [oiqkz|ite| ^kgjeo`{oeo Oe|ifoec Qktkzeo Hemezte ge{~{o di

~kz`{z{eo tio`ì ete{ io|teo|i geoe~{o# mkl{eci jeìeo yeo` |{gjkz ioafzge|ioye

dileot{gmeo |kjeèigeoe gk|tioye/

Hemezte# Gki :>55

Dkdko K~kodi

Ofgfz ^fmfm 8 :>0/45;/>


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CKGJEZ ^KZ\KT[H[EO

Tkceb di~kzim|e deo di|kt{h{i fckb Df|ko ^kgjigjio` \mzi~|i {ot{m dieh{meo

^ze|ideo`&\ideo`

Oege 8 Dkdko K~kodi

Ofgfz ^fmfm 8 :>0/45;/>


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METE ^KO@EOTEZ

^{hi deo |y{m{z megi ~eohetmeo mk~ede T{beo Yeo` Gebe K|e yeo`

tkceb gkgjkzimeo zebget deo mez{oie |kzte jkzmet'Oye |kbio`è \mzi~|i yeo`

jkzh{d{c\tzetkì ^ko`kgjeoèo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo Deceg Zeo`me Gkod{m{o`

Mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te ioi de~et megi |kck|eimeo dkoèo jeim/

\mzi~|i ioi gkz{~emeo |eceb |et{ |yezet {ot{m gkoykck|eimeo ~zf`zeg

\ezheoe \tzete'5 di [oiqkz|ite| ^kgjeo`{oeo Oe|ifoec Qktkzeo Hemezte/

Megi |{o``{bgkoyedezi jebpe jeoyem ~ibem yeo` tkceb t{z{t |kzte

deceg ~koykck|eieo |mzi~|i ioi/ \kjej teo~e jeot{eo jeoyem ~ibem# megi tidem

emeo de~et jkzj{et jeoyem deceg ~koykck|eieo |mzi~|i ioi/ Fckb mezkoe it{ ~ede

mk|kg~eteo ioi |{deb |kceyemoye megi gko`{o`me~meo tkzige me|ib megi yeo`

|kjk|ez'jk|ezoye mk~ede 8

5/ Je~em Iz/ \{ci|tiyfof# G\l |kcem{ Dkmeo Aem{cte| Tkmoim [Ô

Qktkzeo Hemezte |kmeci`{| ~kgjigjio` megi yeo` tkceb gkgjigjio`

deo gkgjkzi ge|{meo |kzte pemt{ c{eo` yeo` dijkzimeo deceg

~koy{|{oeo \mzi~|i ioi/

:/ Ij{ Iz/ Cicim X{ceibeb# G/\i |kcem{ Pedkm Aem{cte| Tkmoim [Ô

Qktkzeo Hemezte


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;/ Jzi`hko TOI \cegkt Beziyeotf# Me~{|citjeo` \tzebeo Jecitjeo` Mkgbeo

|kjeèi ~ig~ioeo ceo`|{o` yeo` tkceb gkgjkzimeo ezebeo# ~kt{oh{m#

gfzic deo getkziic deceg ~koy{|{oeo \mzi~|i ioi/

1/ êze Df|ko ^koèhez Aem{cte| Tkmoim [Ô Qktkzeo Hemezte yeo` tkceb

gkgjkzimeo dfzfoèo gfzic deceg zeo`me gkoykck|eimeo |t{di di

Aem{cte| Tkmoim Iod{|tzi [Ô Qktkzeo Hemezte deo \tea \kmzkteziet/

0/ Fzeo` T{e# Oioio` \{beztioio`|ib"I|tzi)# Eodioi ^kjzieoti O{z \eckbeb

deo Embdeo Y{|zfo Mbfkzfo "eoem) tkzliote yeo` tkceb gkgjkzimeo

dfeoye# |kgeoèt deo d{m{oèo gfzic yeo` |eoèt ~kotio` jeì

megi|kbio`è megi dkoèo jeo`è de~et gkoykck|eimeo \mzi~|i ioi/

2/ Tkzige me|ib {ot{m |kg{e yeo` tidem ji|e megi |kj{tmeo |et{~kz|et{#

yeo` tkceb gkgjeot{ megi deceg gkoykck|eimeo \mzi~|i ioi/

Megi gkoyedezi deceg ~ko{ci|eo \mzi~|i ioi ge|ib jeoyem mkm{zeoèo

gkoìoèt mktkzjete|eo ~ko`kteb{eo deo mkgeg~{eo# megi gko`beze~meo |ezeo

deo mzitim yeo` jkz|iaet gkgjeo`{o |kbio`è t{ci|eo ioi de~et jkzgeoaeet jeì

~kgjele deo h{è |kg{eoye/

Hemezte# :>55

^ko{ci|#

Dkdko K~kodi

Ofgfz ^fmfm 8 :>0/45;/>


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DEATEZ I\I

Becegeo

^KZOYETEEO MKE\CIEO \MZI^\I ii

CKGJEZ ^KZ\KT[H[EO iii

CKGJEZ ^KZ\KT[H[EO MFGI\I ^KO@[HI iq

METE ^KO@EOTEZ q

DEATEZ I\I qii

DEATEZ TEJKC r

DEATEZ @EGJEZ ri

DEATEZ CEGÎZEO rii

EJ\TZEM riii

JEJ I/ ^KODEB[C[EO

5/5/Cetez Jkcemeo` /////////////////////////////////////////// 5

5/:/Idkotiaime|i Ge|eceb /////////////////////////////////////////// 4 ~{ce{ |kjeèi |et{ mk|et{eo

piceyeb Iodfok|ie yeo` bez{| tkte~ diheè mkjkzedeeo deo

mk{t{beooye/ ^f|i|i Iodfok|ie yeo` |tzetkì| gkgicimi ig~cime|i

~kztebeoeo yeo` jk|ez/ Mk{t{beo piceyeb OMZI tidem |ehe

gkohedi mk~kotioèo oe|ifoec Iodfok|ie# tkte~i h{è gkohedi jeìeo

|tzetkì| yeo` gkg~koèz{bi mk~kotioèo oe|ifoec |kh{gceb

okèze di d{oie/ Piceyeb OMZI yeo` {t{b deo |tejic emeo

gkohedi |yezet g{tcem tkz|kcko`èzeoye ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec

{ot{m gkoykhebtkzemeo zemyet# |kmeci`{| tkzp{h{doye |tejicite|

mepe|eo yeo` gkoìtezi Iodfok|ie/ Iodfok|ie tidem emeo

gkgjiezmeo |ktie~ {|ebe yeo` emeo gko`èo``{ km|i|tko|i deo

iotk`zite| OMZI/ OMZI yeo` jkzde|ezmeo êole|ice deo [[D

594; yeo` piceyeboye dezi \ejeo` |eg~ei Gkze{mk gkz{~emeo

mk~{t{|eo aioec yeo` bez{| diheè deo di~kztebeomeo/


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5>

Mk~kotioèo oe|ifoec yeo` jkz|iaet qitec gkoyeo`m{t

~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec {ot{m gkp{h{dmeo mk|khebtkzeeo yeo`

Jbiokme T{o`èc Ime# |khebtkze# edic deo gemg{z |kzte dkgfmzeti|/

Mfodi|i fjykmtia Iodfok|ie |kjeèi okèze dkoèo ~kod{d{m

tkzjk|ez mkkg~et di d{oie gkz{~emeo teoteoèo {ot{m

gko`kgjeo`meo ~kztebeoeo Iodfok|ie mk dk~eo/ Dkoèo

~kod{d{m yeo` |{deb gkole~ei ckjib dezi : h{te hipe |kzte

mezemtkzi|tim yeo` |eoèt ~c{zeci|tim deceg |{m{# eège# ze| deo

eotez `fcfoèo "\EZE) di~kzc{meo {~eye |{o``{b'|{o``{b {ot{m

gkgjeo`{o mfbk|i deceg imeteo ~kz|et{eo deo mk|et{eo jeo`|e/

Iodimetfz tkzp{h{doye mfbk|i oe|ifoec |kzte ~kz|et{eo deo mk|et{eo

jeo`|e dit{oh{mmeo deceg mkbid{~eo |f|iec deo iotkzem|i eotez

pezè ge|yezemet yeo` bezgfoi|/

Mk~kotioèo oe|ifoec yeo` jkz|iaet {tege ete{ ~kotio`

edeceb mk~kotioèo yeo` tkzmeit dkoèo ~kzdegeieo d{oie deo

|tejicite| zkìfoec/ Cio`m{oèo |tzetkì| Iodfok|ie edeceb `cfjec

deo zkìfoec dkoèo |kèce dioegimeoye/ Iodfok|ie h{è tidem

tkzck~e| dezi cig~ebeo |kh{gceb mfoacim di d{oie/ Fckb mezkoe it{#

Iodfok|ie emeo tkte~ gkoègjic ~kzeo emtia jkz|ege'|ege dkoèo

jeo`|e ceio gkcec{i {|ebe'{|ebe yeo` jkzgeztejet {ot{m

gkp{h{dmeo ~kzdegeieo d{oie jkzde|ezmeo mkgkzdkmeeo#

~kzdegeieo ejedi deo mkediceo |f|iec/5

5 Dk~beo ZI# J{m{ ^{tib ^kzteoeoeo Iodfok|ie# :>>2# bec


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55

:/5/:/ Mfodi|i [g{g ^kztebeoeo Okèze

\khezeb ~kzheceoeo jeo`|e Iodfok|ie gkgj{mtimeo jebpe

\i|tkg ^kztebeoeo Zemyet \kgk|te eg~{b deo de~et dieodecmeo

{ot{m tkz{| di~kztebeomeo deo dimkgjeo`meo deceg gkoheè

mk{t{beo piceyeb okèze deo gkohegio mk|kcegeteo jeo`|e/

Deceg gkoykcko`èzemeo ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec#

~kgkzioteb ge|ib gkokg~etmeo e|~km mk|khebtkzeeo |kjeèi

~zifzite|/ Dezi ecfme|i E^JO |eg~ei dkoèo Teb{o Eo`èzeo

"TE) :>>0# ~kztebeoeo okèze jkc{g gkohedi ~zifzite| deceg

~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec/ Deceg E^JO :>>2# |kmtfz ~kztebeoeo

okèze ge|ib jkzede ~ede {z{teo ~zifzite| mk'kg~et di jepeb

a{o`|i ~kceyeoeo {g{g# ~kodidimeo deo kmfofgi/ \e|ezeo ~fmfm

yeo` ioìo dile~ei deceg {~eye gkoio`metmeo mkgeg~{eo

~kztebeoeo okèze ~ede TE/ :>>2 diezebmeo ~ede me~ejicite|

~kztebeoeo# ~koio`meteo h{gceb deo mfodi|i mk|ie~eo f~kze|ifoec

~kztebeoeo# gfdkzoi|e|i ec{t|i|te |kzte tkmofcfì deo iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo deceg ok`kzi/ \eg~ei ~ede TE/ :>5> ioi ecfme|i

eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo |kdimit oeim deo gkod{d{mi tiè jk|ez# oeg{o

ge|ib he{b dezi ecfme|i eo`èzeo {ot{m gkod{m{o` mkgeg~{eo

mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo okèze gioig{g "Gioig{g K||kotiec

Afzlk|&GKA)/ Bio`è |eet ioi# |kceio h{gceb ge{~{o meod{oèo

tkmofcfì ec{t|i|te ge|ib di jepeb |teodez ~koeo`meceo# h{è

m{ecite| \DG deo tio`met mk|khebtkzeeooye ge|ib zkodeb/ Di

|eg~io` it{# mkj{t{beo ~kgko{beo# ~kgkcibezeeo ge{~{o |{m{


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5:

ledeo` ec{t|i|te ge|ib jkzèot{o` ~ede okèze'okèze ceio/

Teoteoèo ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec# |k~kzti diègjezmeo di ete|

jkzig~cime|i tkzbede~ ~kcem|eoeeo ~kgjeo`{oeo |kmtfz ~kztebeoeo

okèze yeo` bio`è |kmezeo` jkc{g geg~{ gkole~ei mkm{eteo

~kztebeoeo gioig{g/ Mfodi|i tkz|kj{t jkzdeg~em tkzbede~

mkgeg~{eo deo ~zfak|ifoeci|gk TOI deceg gkcem|eoemeo

a{o`|ioye |kjeèi mfg~fko {tege |i|~kztebeoeo okèze/

^kz{jebeo `kf~fcitim `cfjec# yeo` diteodei dkoèo

gko`{etoye ~kodkmeteo {oicetkzeci|gk jkzdeg~em tkzbede~

jkzmkgjeoòye dfmtzio ~kztebeoeo |kzeoèo ~zk'kg~tiqk# yeo`

de~et gkokgj{| jete|'jete| y{zi|dim|i |{et{ okèze di c{ez

mkpehezeo b{m{g iotkzoe|ifoec/ \kceio it{# gko`{etoye

mkgeg~{eo gicitkz okèze tkteo`è yeo` |kleze |iòiaimeo

gkckjibi mkgeg~{eo ~kztebeoeo mite tkceb gkckgebmeo ~f|i|i

tepez deceg di~cfge|i iotkzoe|ifoec/ Teoteoèo {tege yeo`

bez{| dibede~i Iodfok|ie ~ede ge|e yeo` emeo deteo` edeceb

gkgjeo`{o mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo okèze di ete| mkm{eteo

~kztebeoeo gioigec |kbio`è gkgicimi oicei kakm ~koeo`meceo di

mepe|eo zkìfoec ge{~{o iotkzoe|ifoec/

Teoteoèo jkzim{toye deceg ~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo

okèze yeit{ t{ot{teo mkj{t{beo {ot{m gkgjeo`{o TOI yeo`

~zfak|ifoec |kbio`è gkohedi mkm{eteo oe|ifoec yeo` geg~{

gko`kgjeo a{o`|ioye di kze `cfjeci|e|i dkoèo bemimet eolegeo

yeo` |kgemio mfg~ckm|/ [|ebe ~kztebeoeo {ot{m gkoheè


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5+/4

j/ Mkm{eteo deo Mk|ie~eo Ec{t|i|te TOI EC

Mkm{eteo TOI EC di|{|{o deceg \i|tkg \kohete

Ezgede Tkz~ed{ "\\ET) yeo` tkzdizi dezi MZI# MEC#

^k|epet {deze# Gezioiz deo êo`meceo/ Mkm{eteo \\ET

yeo` diepemi 1:/;;1 ~kz|fokc TOI EC deo 2/24> Ô\

dkoèo mk|ie~eo ec{t|i|te jkzmi|ez ;:+'2:+ |k~kzti

tkzègjez dezi Tejkc :/ Ceoec mce| L

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4Dk~beo ZI#^f|t{z^kztebeoeo Okèze":>>0# 40'42)


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l/ Mkm{eteo deo Mk|ie~eo Ec{t|i|te TOI E[

TOI E[ tkzdizi dezi \medzfo [deze# \et{eo Zedez#

\et{eo Z{dec# ê|{meo Mbe| "ê|mbe|)# êo`meceo [deze

"Ceo{d)# Dkte|kgko deo ^f|/ \medzfo [deze tkzdizi ete|

\medzfo Tkg~{z# \medzfo Eo`m{t# \medzfo Iotei# \medzfo

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\medzfo [deze dkoèo jkzjeèi ti~k ~k|epet# 50 \medzfo

Zedez Beo{d# 5 \et Z{dec UP'


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Tejkc :/4/ Mkm{eteo TOI E[

HKOI\ [OIT MKM[ETEO MK\IEÊO

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:/:/ Mfodi|i Oyete Ec{t|i|te \eet Ioi

Dezi dete yeo` ede dimkteb{i jebpe |kh{gceb ec{t|i|te yeo` |eg~ei

|kmezeo` di~emei fckb TOI di~zfd{m|i |khem embiz teb{o 59;>'eo/

Jkjkze~e ec{t|i|te it{ |k~kzti mkodezeeo tkg~{z "zeo~{z) hkoi| \ezelko

"59;0) deo Akzzkt "59;9) j{eteo Io``zi|# teom EGR'5< j{eteo ^kzeoli|

"59;2) ete{ |kohete jkzet eztickzi gkdeo Mec 01 gg G'42 j{eteo teb{o

59;2/ Dkgimieo ~{ce becoye dkoèo |kh{gceb ~k|epet yeo` digicimi TOI

E[ |k~kzti FQ'5> Jzfolf yeo` oyezi| gkceg~e{i {|ie ~emeioye/ Dezi

mfodi|i tkz|kj{t# ec{t|i|te yeo` mite gicimi zete'zete |{deb jkz{|ie di ete| 4>

teb{o dkoèo mk|ie~eo zete'zete 1> ~kz|ko/


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::

Tejkc :/;/ Mfodi|i Ec{t|i|te Mziti| êde Teb{o :>>0

\{gjkz 8 Dk~beo# ^f|t{z ^kztebeoeo Okèze ":>>0= ;9)

M\EC Cem|egeoe \fgezdhfof ~ede Ze~ig TOI :>>2 gkohkce|meo

jebpe ~kzge|ecebeo {tege yeo` dibede~i deceg ~kgjioeeo mkm{eteo deo

mkgeg~{eo TOI EC edeceb mktkzjete|eo h{gceb deo mkgeg~{eo ec{t|i|te

yeo` digicimi dibede~meo dkoèo mfo|tkce|i `kf`zeai deo c{e|oye piceyeb

~kzeizeo y{zi|dim|i oe|ifoec yeo` bez{| diegeomeo/ Deceg zeo`me

gkp{h{dmeo qi|i TOI EC# ~kgjioeeo diezebmeo mk~ede ~koio`meteo

mkgeg~{eo tkg~{z ec{t|i|te TOI EC yeo` gfdkzo |k|{ei a{o`|i eèz

geg~{ gkoheè mkegeoeo# mkde{ceteo deo mk{t{beo piceyeb ~kzeizeo

y{zi|dim|i oe|ifoec |kzte gkgicimi deye teo`mec yeo` tio`ì/ [ot{m

gkoio`metmeo mk|ie~eo |et{eo f~kze|ifoec tkceb diz{g{|meo |ktidemoye

{t{b >0


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:>0

^kzeceteo J{eteo Di`{oemeo Zkoleoe dibe~{|meo& H{gceb Mfodi|i Mfodi|i

"teb{o) "teb{o) dièotimeo digici mi |ie~ Tdm |ie~

TOI ED

\ecedio "Io``zi|) 591> 591> :>5> 19 4: :0

\ezelko "Io``zi|) 59;0 591> :>5> 24 1> :4

JTZ 4> "Z{|ie) 591> 591> :>5>':>59 5>2 14 44

Akzkt "Io``zi|) 59;9 591> :>5> ;; 591: 5< > 5 :50 54; 0:

Ezbeo{d GK\'1>&;0 gg "Z{|ie) 591: 591< :>5 5;; 41

Bkcimf~tkz Jkcc :>; EI "E\) 5905'5901 5901':>>: :>>2':> 592> :>5> : 5 5

Qko|~khm "Jkceode) 59155':>54 51 5: 4

592>;':>>0 1 4 :

592>

^T'01 "Z{|ie) 5915 5915 12 > 12

^T'01 "G) "Z{|ie) 5915 5915 14 592> :>5: deo dièoti d` Gi`' :

\[' "Z{|ie) :>>: :>>< \[' :

E'4 "E\) 59;1 592> \[' ::

FQ'5> Jzfolf 590; 5901 :>5> deo dièoti 9 4 ;

d` C'5;>

GM 5>9':>9 "^JZ) 599; 5991 50 4 59':>9 "\^F) 599; 5999 EGR K{zfai`btkz 52 < 5;

L'5 591: 5902 {~`zedk hd EO':: :< 9 54

J'0>;:>55 deo dièoti d` J0


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:4

:/ "|k~{c{b) iod{|tzi/ Mzfofcfì| ~kodizieo tkz|kj{t de~et di{zeimeo

|kjeèi jkzim{t 8

:/ "|k~{c{b) iod{|tzi

|tzetkì| deo Beomeg# {ot{m ~kgjioeeooye dijkot{m Dkpeo

^kgjioe Iod{|tzi \tzetkì| "DÎ\)/ Deceg Mk~~zk| tkz|kj{t# yeo`

digem|{d iod{|tzi |tzetkì| gkolem{~ ^T Mzemete{ \tkkc# ^T

Iod{|tzi Tkckmfg{oime|i Iodfok|ie "IOTI)# ^T O{zteoif# ^T ÊC

Iodfok|ie# ^T Iodfok|ie Mkzkte E~i "IOME)# ^T/ îoded# ^kz{g

Debeoe deo [oit ^zfd{m|i "[^) Ckgjeè Kckmtzftkmoime CIÎ/

\kceoh{toye dkoèo Mk~~zk| Of/ 44 teb{o 5929# dijkot{m Jedeo

^ko`kcfce Iod{|tzi \tzetkì| "JÎ\)/ Gkcec{i Mk~~zk| ioi ~{ce

h{gceb iod{|tzi |tzetkì| jkzmkgjeo` gkohedi 5> iod{|tzi# yeit{

tegjeb ^T Jfge Ji|ge Iodze "JJI) deo ^T Jezete Iodfok|ie#

|kdeo`meo ^T O{zteoif gkohedi ^T Iod{|tzi ^k|epet Tkzjeo`

O{|eoteze deo [^ Ckgjeè Kckmtzftkmoime CIÎ gkohedi [^

Ckgjeè Kckmtzfoime Oe|ifoec "CKO) CIÎ/

:/


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:;

"^kzkoleoeeo# Kmfofgi deo Mk{eoèo# Tkmofcfì |kzte

Edgioi|tze|i)/ Gkcec{i Mk~~zk| Of/ ;1 teb{o 5929# JÎ\ ioi

dimkt{ei ceo`|{o` fckb ^zk|idko# |kdeo`meo Gkozi|tkm&Mkt{e

J^^T gkohedi Pemic Mkt{e/ Gkozi|tkm&Mkt{e J^^T yeo` h{è

gkohedi Mkt{e JÎ\# |eet dihejet fckb ^zfa/ Dz/ J/H/ Bejijik tkceb

gkcktemmeo |{et{ mfo|k~ ~kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi di Iodfok|ie

gkcec{i tzeo|afzge|i tkmofcfì deceg 4 tebe~

e/ Tebe~ ~kztege# yeit{ tebe~ ~koècibeo |kc{z{b tkmofcfì

yeo` tkceb ede di d{oie {ot{m |kg{e ~zf|k| oicei tegjeb

deceg zeo`me ~zfd{m|i jezeo`'jezeo` yeo` tkceb ede/

j/ Tebe~ mkd{e# yeit{ tebe~ iotk`ze|i |kc{z{b tkmofcfì yeo`

tkceb ede mk deceg dk|eio deo ~zfd{m|i jezeo` yeo` jez{

|ege |kmeci deo jkc{g ede di ~e|ezeo/

l/ Tebe~ mktiè# yeit{ tebe~ ~ko`kgjeoèo tkmofcfì it{

|kodizi# digeoe |kc{z{b tkmofcfì yeo` tkceb ede ete{ jez{#

dimkgjeo`meo ckjib ceoh{t/ \kg{e it{ dicem{meo deceg

zeo`me gkzeoleo` ~zfd{m~zfd{m ge|e dk~eo/

d/ Tebe~ mkkg~et# yeit{ tebe~ ~kcem|eoeeo ~kokcitieo de|ez

|kleze jk|ez'jk|ezeo deo be|ic dezi ~kokcitieo de|ez yeo`

dicem{meo fckb okèze geh{ de~et digeoaeetmeo fckb okèze

jkzmkgjeo` gkcec{i ~kzheohieo'~kzheohieo mkzhe|ege di

jideo` icg{ ~ko`kteb{eo deo tkmofcfì "\{dezyeotf# 599< 8


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:1

:/


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:0

k/ ^T Mzemete{ \tkkc |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo iod{|tzi jk|i

jehe dkoèo geleg ~zfd{m|ioye jk|i |~fo|# |cej jehe#

jicckt deo mepet jehe/

a/ ^T IOME |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo mkzkte e~i dkoèo

~zfd{m eodeceo mkzkte ~ko{g~eo`# `kzjfo` jezeo` deo

MZC |kzte MZD/

`/ ^T IOTI |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo tkcmfg deo ioafzge|i#

gkg~{oyei ~zfd{m|i eodeceo |kotzec tkck~fo diìtec#

~zfd{m|pitlbio` deo tkzgioec ~k|epet tkck~fo kckmtzfoim#

~k|epet tkck~fo {g{g deo ~kzeo`met tzeo|gi|i/

b/ [^# CKO CIÎ |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo iod{|tzi

kckmtzfoime deo mfg~foko dkoèo ~zfd{m eodeceo TQ deo

zedif# |te|i{o j{gi mklic# ~kz|ioyeceo ME# tkzgioec tkck~fo#

tkckr deo |pitlbio`/

i/ ^T Jezete Iodfok|ie |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo iod{|tzi

~ko`klfzeo# ecet jkzet deo ~kzeceteo iod{|tzi dkoèo ~zfd{m

eodeceo geo{aemt{z ecet jkzet# ~kmkzheeo mfo|tz{m|i#

~kzgk|ioeo# ~ko`klfzeo jk|i deo jehe |kzte he|e ~kge|ezeo

deo zeoleo` jeo`{o/

h/ ^T JJI |kjeèi ~{|et mk{o``{ceo iod{|tzi gftfz "dik|kc)

deo ~kzeceteo iod{|tzi dkoèo ~zfd{m eodeceo gftfz dik|kc#

mfo|tz{m|i ~kcet# gk|io deo ~kzeceteo ~ejzim |kzte ~kzeceteo

~kzteoieo&jezeo` tkg~e deo zkmeye|e ~ejzim/


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:2

:/>: ^T Jebeoe ^zemezye Iod{|tzi

\tzetkì| "^kz|kzf) dij{jezmeo# deo |khem |eet it{ iod{|tzi'iod{|tzi

tkz|kj{t jkzecib |tet{| |kjeèi ^T "^kz|kzf) di jepeb ~kgjioeeo

Mkgkotkzieo Jedeo [|ebe Gicim Okèze "J[GO)/

:/4/ ^kgjeo`{oeo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo deo Meiteooye dkoèo

Mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te

:/4/5/ ^kgjeo`{oeo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo Gko{h{ Mkgeodizieo

Ec{t|i|te/1

Iodfok|ie |kcege ioi gkgicimi mktkzèot{oèo yeo` l{m{~

tio`ì tkzbede~ c{ez ok`kzi di jideo` tkmofcfì ~kztebeoeo |kbio`è

|eoèt |{cit {ot{m de~et gkoy{|{o zkoleoe ~kgjeo`{oeo

~kztebeoeo heo`me ~eoheo` yeo` gkgicimi mk~e|tieo/

Mktkzèot{oèo tkzbede~ ~zfd{m c{ez ok`kzi |eoèt zkoteo tkzbede~

aemtfz ~fcitim# |k~kzti zk|tzim|i deo kgjez`f/ ^kzge|ecebeo ceio

yeo` g{ol{c dezi mktidemgeodizieo ~koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te edeceb

gkckgeboye mk|ie~eo deo mkgeg~{eo ~koeo`meceo yeo` digicimi

1J{m{ ^{tib ^kztebeoeo Iodfok|ie :>>2 bec/ 5;1'5;9


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:9

fckb jeo`|e Iodfok|ie/ \kleze ~fcitim# mfodi|i tkz|kj{t emeo

gkoèmijetmeo Iodfok|ie zkoteo tkzbede~ tkmeoeo ~fcitim okèze

ceio# yeo` de~et jkzemijet ~ede mkg{o`mioeo tkzmkoe kgjez`f ete{

~kgjete|eo'~kgjete|eo tkzbede~ ~kzeceteo tkztkot{ yeo`

gko`begjet ~kgjeo`{oeo deo ~kgkcibezeeo Ec{t|i|te/

Mkgeodizieo ~ko`kgjeoèo deo ~koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te

|kleze g{tcem di|edezi tidem g{o`mio dicem|eoemeo/ Jebmeo tidem

ede okèze di d{oie yeo` 5>> ~kz|ko jkz|eodez ~ede

mkgeg~{eooye |kodizi# |kcec{ ede mktkzèot{oèo dezi okèze ceio/

Oeg{o edeoye iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo |tzetkì| {ot{m mk~kotioèo

~kztebeoeo oe|ifoec tidem jkzezti jebpe Iodfok|ie egjic jeìeo

deceg ~kzcfgjeeo ~kz|koheteeo# tkte~i {ot{m gkole~ei

mkgeodizieo deceg ~koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te oe|ifoec dkgi mk~kotioèo

~koykcko`èzeeo deceg zeo`me gkoheè mk{t{beo piceyeb deo

iotk`zite| Iodfok|ie/

^kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo oe|ifoec gkz{~emeo bec

qitec deceg {~eye ~kgko{beo mkj{t{beo Ec{t|i|te yeo` geg~{

dif~kze|ifoecmeo |kleze gem|igec deceg ~koykcko`èzeeo

~kztebeoeo/ Mkj{t{beo Ec{t|i|te yeo` jkzèot{o` dezi ~zfd{m|i

c{ez ok`kzi emeo gkoigj{cmeo ~kzge|ecebeo deo gkg~koèz{bi

mkgeg~{eo deo mk|ie~eo TOI deceg gkoheceomeo t{è|'t{è|

f~kze|ifoec di ge|e yeo` deteo`/

[ot{m mkedeeo ioi# |eoèt di~kzc{meo ~kgjkzdeyeeo

iod{|tzi oe|ifoec {ot{m ~ko`kgjeoèo deo ~koykdie Ec{t|i|te


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oe|ifoec/ Oeg{o ~kzp{h{deo |{et{ iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo yeo`

|k|{o``{boye tidem de~et dicem|eoemeo fckb |kmtfz ~kztebeoeo

|kleze |k~ibem# teo~e mktkzcijeteo |kmtfz'|kmtfz yeo` ceio/

^kgjkzdeyeeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo {ot{m ~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo

gkgkzc{meo mkzhe|ege dieoteze tiè ~icez iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo yeit{

Jedeo ^kokcitieo deo ^ko`kgjeoèo |kzte ^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì#

Iod{|tzi deo ~ibem Mkgbeo&TOI# dkoèo dijkotkoì fckb mkjihemeo

oe|ifoec yeo` hkce| {ot{m gko``{oemeo ~zfd{m'~zfd{m be|ic dezi

~{tze'~{tze tkzjeim jeo`|e/

\khe{b ioi iod{|tzi |tzetkì| tkz|kj{t tkceb gkcebizmeo

jkzjeèi ~zfd{m ec{t|i|te jeì ~kgjeo`{oeo mkgeg~{eo

~kztebeoeo/ ^T/ ÎODED tkceb gkg~zfd{m|i |kohete zioèo#

|kohete jkzet# eg{oi|i mecijkz mklic# eg{oi|i mecijkz jk|ez# eg{oi|i

mb{|{| jebmeo geg~{ gkg~zfd{m|i mkodezeeo tkg~{z/ ^T/ ÊC

Iodfok|ie tkceb geg~{ gkg~zfd{m|i me~ec'me~ec hkoi| mfzqkt#

me~ec ~etzfci# èceoèo ~kodezeteo# teomkz |kzte dfm ~kgkcibezeeo

me~ec ~kzeo`/ ^T/ DI tkceb gkg~zfd{m|i ~k|epet tzeo|~fz |eye~

tkte~# bkcimf~tkz# ~k|epet ~etzfci gezitig# ~k|epet ~koìotei#

|ig{cetfz ~k|epet |kzte ~kgkcibezeeo deo ~kzjeimeo ~k|epet/ ^T/

CKO tkceb gkg~zfd{m|i |i|tkg mkodeci ~kzeceteo gicitkz# |i|tkg

dktkm|i# zedez deo |foez |kzte jkzjeèi ~kzeceteo mfg{oime|i

gicitkz/ Dkgimieo ~{ce# ^T/ DEBEOE tkceb gkg~zfd{m|i

jkzjeèi hkoi| jebeo ~kckdem/


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4>

gkg~koèz{bi ~kzeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo deceg gkod{m{o` mkgeodizieo

Ec{t|i|te TOI# cec{ gkoy{|{o deatez ~kzteoyeeo mk~ede zk|~fodko "~eze

|temkbfcdkz| di cio`m{oèo Mkgbeo deo TOI)/

Gko{z{t Pbitoky55

gktfdk dk|mzi~tia edeceb ~kolezieo aemte

dkoèo iotkz~zkte|i yeo` tk~et/ ^kokcitieo dk|mzi~tia gkg~kcehezi

ge|eceb'ge|eceb deceg ge|yezemet |kzte tete leze yeo` jkzcem{ deceg

ge|yezemet |kzte |it{e|i'|it{e|i tkztkot{ tkzge|{m tkoteo` b{j{oèo

mkìeteo'mkìeteo# |ime~'|ime~# ~eodeoèo'~eodeoèo |kzte ~zf|k|'~zf|k|

5> Pebfof# ZI# Hkoi|'hkoi| ^kokcitieo# Jebeo'jebeo M{cieb Gktfdfcfì ^kokcitieo/ ^zf`zeg ê|le|ezheoe

[I# ^ko`mehieo Mktebeoeo Oe|ifoec# :>>>/

55 A/C/ Pbitoky# Tbk Kckgkot| fa Zk|kezlb# ^zkotilk Becc Iol# Okp Yfzm# 591># bec/ :>4/


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yeo` |kdeo` jkzceo`|{o` deo ~koèz{b'~koèz{b dezi |{et{ akofgkoe'

akofgkoe tkztkot{ |kbio`è gkz{~emeo |{et{ |t{di yeo` mfg~ezetia/

Edemeceoye ~kokciti gkgj{et mce|iaime|i |kzte ~kokcitieo tkzbede~

akofgkoe'akofgkoe tkztkot{ dkoèo gkokte~meo |teodez ete{ ofzge

tkztkot{ |kbio`è gktfdk dk|mzi~tia ioi h{è dioegemeo |{zqki ofzgetia/

^kokcitieo ioi gko``{oemeo tkmoim eoeci|e m{ecitetia/

^kzge|ecebeo ~kztege# dicem{meo eoeci|i| dk|mzi~tia tkzbede~ dete'dete

~zigkz deo |km{odkz "dete dezi dfm{gko# zkakzko|i deo |{gjkz'|{gjkz

ceiooye)/ \kdeo`meo {ot{m de~et gko`be|icmeo ectkzoetia |tzetkì

~ko`kgjeoèo ec{t|i|te |kbio`è mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo de~et

dip{h{dmeo "~kzge|ecebeo mkd{e) deceg zeo`me gkod{m{o` ~kztebeoeo

okèze dieoeci|i| dkoèo gko``{oemeo eoeci|i| \PFT/ Eoeci|i| ioi

gkolezi ge|io`'ge|io` mkm{eteo deo mkckgebeo {ot{m di|iceo`meo

dkoèo ~kc{eo` deo eolegeo deceg zeo`me ~ko`kgjeoèo ec{t|i|te deo

iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# mkg{dieo be|icoye diezebmeo gkohedi |tzetkì

~kztebeoeo yeo` dibeze~meo/


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455 ioi eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo okèze gkod{d{mi

~f|i|i mktiè |ktkceb eo`èzeo ~kodidimeo oe|ifoec deo ~kgjeo`{oeo

ioaze|tz{mt{z/

Dezi ~kz|~kmtia eoeci|i| mkjihemeo deceg {~eye gkoète|i

mfg~ckm|ite| ~kz|feceo ~kztebeoeo dibede~meo dkoèo mkioìoeo m{et

{ot{m gko`kgjeo`meo mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo mb{|{|oye gfdkzoi|e|i

Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/ Me|{| ^T/ DI yeo`

gkz{~emeo |eceb |et{ iod{|tzi |tzetkì| di jideo` mkdizèotezeeo ~et{t mite

hedimeo ~kcehezeo jkzbezè eèz mite de~et ckjib jihem deceg gkokte~meo

mkjihemeo deo ~ko`kcfceeo iod{|tzi yeo` tkz`fcfo` |tzetkì|/

\kleze {g{g de~et dihkce|meo jebpe mkjihemeo yeo` jeim

ditkot{meo fckb jeoyem aemtfz dieotezeoye cetez jkcemeo` ~kgimizeo

mkjihemeo tkz|kj{t# t{h{eo deo cio`m{~ mkjihemeo# mkcko`me~eo ioafzge|i

yeo` di~kzfckb# |ie~e emtfz'emtfz yeo` tkzcijet deceg ~kz{g{|eo

mkjihemeo# jeèigeoe deg~em mkjihemeo tkz|kj{t/

Deceg mfotkm| mkjihemeo ~kztebeoeo okèze# deceg jeoyem bec

~kzc{ edeoye mk|egeeo ~kz|k~|i eoteze |tetk eltfz| deo ofo'|tetk eltfz|/

Ge|ib jeoyem eo`è~eo di ge|yezemet jebpe ~kz|feceo ~kztebeoeo okèze

gkz{~emeo teo``{o` hepej gicitkz deo ~kz|feceo'~kz|feceo gicitkz/

Eo`è~eo tkz|kj{t hkce| |eceb# tkte~i eget |{cit gkokg{meo ~kz|egeeo

~eodeoèo deo ~kgimizeo yeo` |ege tkoteo` mfo|k~ ~kztebeoeo//

Mfo|k~# |i|tkg deo |tzetkì ~kztebeoeo okèze yeo` tkceb

di|k~emeti yeit{ ~kztebeoeo |kgk|te bkodemoye ~kzc{ di|f|ieci|e|imeo

|eg~ei mk tio`met emez z{g~{t/ ^kzoyeteeo di ete| |kg~et gkohedi


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4;

~koècegeo ~ko{ci| mktime gkcem{meo m{oh{oèo mkzhe mk dekzeb# digeoe

tkzhedi gi|~kz|k~|i deo gi|mfg{oime|i/ Mktime ~ko{ci| deo tig emeo

gkcem{meo mffzdioe|i dkoèo ~khejet |i~ic deo C\G di dekzeb {ot{m

gkode~etmeo ioafzge|i deo dete tkzmeit dkoèo |eceb |et{ i|{ ~kztebeoeo#

tkzde~et jkjkze~e ~eodeoèo yeo` jkz|kjkzeoèo/ Gkzkme gkze|e jebpe

teo``{o` hepej ~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze beoye dfgeiooye

Mkgbeo&TOI deo ~kgkzioteb ~{|et/ Gkzkme lkodkz{o` gkcibet jebpe

tkzcijet deceg ~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo beoye emeo gkoegjeb ~kz|feceo

deo jkjeo ~kgde deo ge|yezemet dekzeb/ \eet it{# ~ko{ci|

jkzmk|ig~{ceo jebpe tkzhedi ~kgebegeo yeo` |eceb deceg gkoyime~i

mkjihemeo Ftfofgi Dekzeb deo ~kztebeoeo okèze gkz{~emeo |eceb |et{

jideo` yeo` tidem de~et didk|kotzeci|e|imeo mk dekzeb/

^ko{ci| gkoèpeci eoeci|i| mkjihemeo ioi dezi jeèigeoe mite ji|e

gkgjeo`{o ~kz|k~|i yeo` |ege deceg gkcibet deo gkoyime~i ~kz|feceo

~kztebeoeo okèze/ Bec ioi gkz{~emeo kotzy ~fiotjeì jeèigeoe ~{jcim

de~et jkz~kzeo |kzte deceg ~kgjeo`{oeo deo ~koykcko`èzeeo ~kztebeoeo

okèze/ Mite bez{| mkgjeci mk~ede |kgeoèt |kjkc{g mkgkzdkmeeo deo

|kgeoèt gkg~kztebeomeo mkgkzdkmeeo "kze 594>'eo |/d/ 59;>'eo)/

Oicei'oicei oe|ifoeci|gk it{ bez{| tkte~ dit{gj{b'mkgjeo`meo# tkzckjib

|eet |{cit |kmezeo` ioi/ ^kz|feceo'~kz|feceo jeo`|e ioi edeceb ~kz|feceo

mite |kg{e eoem jeo`|e/ Jeo`|e Iodfok|ie bez{| geg~{ jeo`mit dezi

mktkz~{z{meo# mite bez{| gkcibet jebpe ~kzjkdeeo e|ec {|{c deo

mkzeègeo j{deye |kjeèi gfdec deo oicei ~c{| jeo`|e ioi/ Lite'lite yeo`


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tkceb diz{g{|meo ~eze af{odio` aetbkz| jeo`|e bez{| de~et dip{h{dmeo

fckb `kokze|i |kmezeo` deo `kokze|i gkodeteo`/

Tkzmeit dkoèo mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo ~kztebeoeo okèze# mb{|{|oye

{~eye gkgfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo gkgjeo`{o mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo ~kzc{ tkz{| dimehi {ceo` eèz mite de~et gkz{g{|meo |{et{

mkjihemeo jez{ yeo` ckjib mfg~zkbko|ia iotk`zec deo gkgjkzimeo

mkgeoaeeteo yeo` f~tigec/ ^kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze tidem ji|e

di~eodeo` dezi e|~km kmfofgi |kgete# mezkoe gkgeo` gkgfdkzoi|e|i

Ec{t|i|te deo gkp{h{dmeo mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi |tzetkì| tidem geg~{

gko`kgjecimeo oicei ioqk|te|i deo gkoio`metmeo ceh{ ~kzt{gj{beo

kmfofgi deceg pemt{ |io`met/ ^kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze bez{|

dicibet dezi |kjkze~e jk|ez geoaeet yeo` de~et mite ~kzfckb hime mite

gkgicimi mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo yeo` m{et/ Ji|e dijeyeo`meo# hime mite

gkgicimi mkgeg~{eo Ec{t|i|te yeo` beodec# iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo yeo`

geh{ deo ~zeh{zit yeo` ~zfak|ifoec g{o`mio |ehe ~kol{zieo mkmeyeeo eceg

tkz{tege mkmeyeeo ce{t# ~kzkj{teo piceyeb# ~koykc{od{~eo# tkzfzi|gk deo

jeoyem ceì ~kz|feceo ~kcim ceiooye de~et digioigecmeo/ Jkze~e jk|ez

mkz{ìeo okèze yeo` ji|e dimkgjecimeo hime mite de~et gkoheè piceyeb

ce{t mite dezi ~kol{zieo deo ~koykc{od{~eo/ Jkc{g ceì |ime~ okèze'

okèze tkteo`è deo ~ibem e|io` yeo` gkgicimi mk~kotioèo di |kmitez

piceyeb mkde{ceteo mite emeo jkz{jeb gkohedi ckjib gko`bezèi mite/

^f|i|i tepez Iodfok|ie emeo |kgemio gkoio`met deo mkjkzedeeo mite

|kgemio di~kzbit{o`meo deceg ~kzè{ceo d{oie iotkzoe|ifoec/


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Ceo`meb'ceo`meb yeo` de~et dicem{meo okèze "~kgkzioteb) eoteze

ceio tkte~ jkz{~eye gkoegjeb ecfme|i eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo okèze#

tkz{tege jeì {~eye gkgfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo ~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo |ktie~ teb{ooye# |kbio`è ~ede ge|e gkodeteo` ~ecio` tidem

Iodfok|ie gkgicimi jk|ezeo ecfme|i eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo ji|e gkole~ei

d{e ~kz|ko dezi ^DJ/ Mkjihemeo Mkgbeo&TOI yeo` gkokmeomeo

~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze yeo` jkzt{g~{ ~ede gioig{g k||kotiec

afzlk gko`ègjezmeo ~ede zkecite| mfodi|i okèze |eet ioi/ Mktkzjete|eo

eo`èzeo gkohedi ece|eo ~fmfm jeì ~kgjeo`{oeo jideo` ~kztebeoeo#

mb{|{|oye gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/

Hime dimehi ckjib deceg jebpe mkjihemeo tkz|kj{t edeceb mkjihemeo yeo`

~k|igi|ti| deo tidem m{zeo` jkzeoi gkoègjic zi|imf/ ^kzteoyeeo

jkzim{toye yeo` g{o`mio ji|e dimkdk~eomeo edeceb |eg~ei me~eo

jkztebeo ~ede mkjihemeo tkz|kj{t6 \eg~ei me~eo Ec{t|i|te yeo` digicimi

|eet ioi geg~{ gkod{m{o` t{è|'t{è| ~fmfm TOI6 E~emeb tidem

g{o`mio ede mkjihemeo jez{ yeo` ckjib jihem deo jkzeoi gko`bede~i

zi|imf6

^kzteoyeeo'~kzteoyeeo di ete| ~et{t dimkg{memeo# gkoìoèt

|k|{o``{boye mite gkgicimi ~ftko|i {ot{m de~et ckjib jeim deo jeo`mit

{ot{m ckjib geh{/ Iodfok|ie gkgicimi |kh{gceb iod{|tzi |tzetkì| deo

iod{|tzi ~kod{m{o` ceiooye yeo` jkc{g dimkcfceb dkoèo jihem= gkgicimi

tkoeè'tkoeè ebci yeo` beodec yeo` m{zeo` dibezèi di ok`kzi |kodizi

"ckjib dibezèi di c{ez ok`kzi)= gkgicimi |{gjkz'|{gjkz mkmeyeeo eceg

deceg h{gceb gkcig~eb yeo` de~et dimkgjeo`meo deceg gkod{m{o`


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jebeo jem{ iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo deo |{m{ ledeo` Ec{t|i|te/ Tkmofcfì

gkgeo` gkz{~emeo |eceb |et{ mete m{oli ~kz|feceo ioi# tkte~i tkmofcfì

de~et di~kcehezi deo tkzj{mti jebpe mite ~{oye mkgeg~{eo {ot{m

gko`{e|ei tkmofcfì/

^kz|feceo ~kotio` yeo` bez{| di~klebmeo edeceb jeèigeoe |kg{e

~ibem de~et d{d{m jkzdeg~ioèo# gkoyegemeo ~kz|k~|i deo t{h{eo yeo`

di|kztei dkoèo mfgitgko yeo` m{et# tidem gko`kdk~eomeo mk~kotioèo

|kmtfzec {ot{m gkgjeo`{oeo mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo okèze yeo` beodec/

^kzeo |kzte ~{jcim eget dij{t{bmeo# ~kgkzioteb beoye |kjeèi ae|icite|tfz

deo meteci|etfz/ ^kokot{eo mkjihemeo tidem bez{| |kcec{ di|kzebmeo

mk~ede ~kgkzioteb |kgete |kjeèi |et{'|et{oye ~kokot{ |ktie~ mkjihemeo#

e~eceì yeo` jkz|iaet |tzetkì|/ êde kze dkgfmze|i |eet ioi# ~ezti|i~e|i

~{jcim h{è |eoèt ~kotio` jeì mkjkzbe|iceo |kj{eb mkjihemeo/ \eceb

|et{ mkckgebeo yeo` g{o`mio bez{| di~kzjeimi deo ditio`metmeo dezi |ime~

jeo`|e ioi edeceb |{citoye gkokzige ~kzjkdeeo deo ckgeb deceg

jkzmffzdioe|i/ Geoehkgko okèze yeo` jeim gko{ot{t bec it{# e~eceì

deceg gkoykck|eimeo ~kz|feceo'~kz|feceo yeo` mfg~ckm|/

Mb{|{| tkoteo` gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo

mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# ~kgkzioteb mb{|{|oye Mkgbeo&TOI

~kzc{ |k`kze gkg~kzjeimi m{ecite| ~kokcitieo deo ~ko`kgjeoèo "citjeo`)

~kztebeoeo deo gkoio`metmeo mkzhe|ege |kleze iotko| mk~ede ~ibem

^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì "^T) deo Iod{|tzi "mkzhe|ege Tzi~eztit)/ [~eye tkz|kj{t

h{è jkzezti jebpe ~kzc{ edeoye ~koio`meteo eo`èzeo jeì citjeo`

~kztebeoeo/ Mkg{dieo gko`mehi {ceo` |kg{e ~zf|kd{z ~koèdeeo


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|ezeoe deo ~ze|ezeoe ~kztebeoeo# mb{|{|oye Ec{t|i|te TOI/ ^koèdeeo

Ec{t|i|te |k~et{toye bez{| gkcec{i ~zf|k| citjeo` deo gkgjkzdeyemeo

iod{|tzi deceg ok`kzi/ Di|eg~io` it{ ~kzc{ |{et{ mkjkzeoieo {ot{m

gko`{zeoì mkioìoeo gkgjkci Ec{t|i|te dezi c{ez ok`kzi= bez{| ede {~eye

{ot{m gkg{cei deo gko`kgjeo`meo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo dkgi gko`{zeoì

mktkzèot{oèo dkoèo ~ibem c{ez/ Ceo`meb yeo` ji|e ditkg~{b dig{cei

dkoèo gkz{g{|meo |{et{ mkjihemeo jez{ tkoteo` mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo dkoèo jkz~kèoèo ~ede |et{ ~zio|i~ jebpe tidem ede ~ibem

yeo` diz{ìmeo= jice ~kzc{ ~kgkzioteb gkoykdiemeo io|kotia jeì citjeo`

~kztebeoeo ge{~{o iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo deo ~kod{m{oòye/

4/:/ Eoeci|i| Dk|mzi~|i Aemtfz'aemtfz ^koykjej \{cit Jkzmkgjeoòye

Iod{|tzi kztebeoeo Deceg Gkod{m{o` Mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te

\kjkc{g |eg~ei mk~ede ~kgjebe|eo aemtfz'aemtfz {tege

~ko`begjet jkzmkgjeoòye iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# tkzckjib deb{c{ ~kzc{

di~ebegi jebpe {ot{m gkgjeo`{o iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo gkgj{t{bmeo

ioqk|te|i yeo` |eoèt jk|ez deo ~ko`kgjecieo gfdec ioqk|te|i tkz|kj{t

"jzkem kqkot ~fiot) tidem emeo ~kzc{ de~et di~kzfckb deceg pemt{ |io`met/

Oeg{o gkgjeo`{o ~kztebeoeo okèze yeo` m{et gkgjkzimeo oicei

geoaeet "jkokait qec{k|) yeo` |eoèt jk|ez jeì ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec

jeì tkz|kcko`èzeoye mk|ioegj{oèo ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec/ Jkjkze~e

lfotfb geoaeet tkz|kj{t dieotezeoye tkzhegiooye mk{t{beo deo

mk|kcegeteo jeo`|e dezi jkzjeèi eolegeo# ~kokèmeo mkd{ceteo okèze

mb{|{|oye tkzbede~ ~kceo`èzeo di ~kzjete|eo okèze# ~kokèmeo b{m{g


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tkzbede~ mkmeyeeo eceg dezi jkzjeèi ~kol{zieo yeo` dicem{meo ~ibem

e|io` jeim # di dezeteo ge{~{o ~kzeizeo O{|eoteze# ~koègeoeo fjykm

qitec# ~kolkèbeo jebeye tkzfzi|gk deo ceio |kjeèioye/

Jkjkze~e dkmedk ~kzheceoeo zfde ~kgkziotebeo tkceb tkzhedi

gi|mkjihemeo dezi ~kgkziotebeo yeo` jkzm{e|e# digeoe |kcec{ gkcktemmeo

titim jkzet ~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec {ot{m gko`{tegemeo ~kzt{gj{beo

kmfofgi gemzf# gkg~zifzite|meo mk|khebtkzeeo zemyet yeo` oyeteoye

beoye tkzmfo|kotze|i di piceyeb'piceyeb tkztkot{ "tidem gkzete)# oeg{o

gkoèjeimeo ~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze/ \kcege ioi ~kzeceteo

gicitkz "Ec{t|i|te deo |ezeoe ~kztebeoeo) beoye gkz{~emeo ~koèdeeo dezi

c{ez ok`kzi yeo` h{|tz{ ckjib gko`{ot{o`meo okèze ~zfd{|ko&~zioli~ec/

^kzheohieo di epec'epec tzeo|em|i |k~kzti hegioeo tzeo|akz fa tklbofcf`y

"TFT) deo hegioeo ~{zoe h{ec tidem |k~kzti yeo` dibeze~meo/ Me|{|

kgjez`f tkzbede~ |kh{gceb mfg~foko |{m{ ledeo` Ec{ti|te yeo` ~kzoeb

mite ecegi bez{| gkohedi ~kcehezeo yeo` jkzbezè jebpe jkte~e

~kotioòye gkgjeo`{o mkgeodizieo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/

Dezi e|~km mkjihemeo ~kgkzioteb |kcege ioi# tkzde~et |kh{gceb

mkjihemeo yeo` h{|tz{ mfotze~zfd{mtia tkzbede~ ~kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo eoteze ceio 8

4/:/5 ^kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi oe|ifoec tidem dizeoleo` |kleze jkz|iokz i

eoteze iod{|ti b{c{ |eg~ei dkoèo iod{|tzi biciz/ Iod{|tzi oe|ifoec

|kcege ioi ckjib mk~ede fzikote|i |kmtfzec# |kbio`è mktime mzi|i|

kmfofgi deo gfoktkz tkzhedi di Iodfok|ie 5990'5992 jeoyem

iod{|tzi jk|ez mfce~|# yeo` jkztebeo h{|tz{ iod{|tzi mklic deo


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iod{|tzi z{geb teo`è/ Di|eg~io` it{ h{è tkzhedi gi|mkjihemeo

eoteze Mkgkotkzieo J[GO# Mkgkotkzieo ^kziod{|tzieo#

Mkgkotkzieo ^kzdeèoèo# Mkgkotkzieo Mk{eoèo dkoèo

mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo yeo` dimkc{ezmeo fckb Mkgkotkzieo

^kztebeoeo tkzmeit dkoèo ~koèdeeo deo gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te#

|kbio`è {~eye gkgjeo`{o mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te |{cit {ot{m

dicem|eoemeo/ ^koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te dezi c{ez ok`kzi |k~kzti

~kgjkcieo |et{ |m{edzfo ~k|epet tkg~{z \{mbfi dezi Z{|ie dkoèo

ae|icite| mzkdit km|~fz "MK) h{|tz{ gkgjkjeoi mk{eoèo okèze/

4/:/: \kcege ioi iod{|tzi oe|ifoec mb{|{|oye iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo |kzio`

dihedimeo ecet ~fcitim ~eze ~ko`{e|e# digeoe tkzhedi tezim'gkoezim

mk~kotioèo |kbio`è iod{|tzi tkz|kj{t m{zeo` de~et jkzmkgjeo`/

4/:/< Mkjihemeo ~ehem# gfoktkz deo ai|mec yeo` ditkze~meo ~kgkzioteb

tkzbede~ mkc{ez ge|{m jezeo` h{|tz{ gkoegjeb jkjeo jieye

~zfd{m|i yeo` |kgemio tio`ì/ êde ge|e gkodeteo` dibeze~meo

ede io|kotia dezi ~kgkzioteb {ot{m gko`{zeoì ete{ gko`biceo`meo

jkjeo ~ehem deo jke ai|mec jeì mfg~foko deo |{m{ ledeo` {ot{m

Ec{t|i|te |kbio`è iod{|tzi deceg ok`kzi de~et ckjib jkzmkgjeo`

{ot{m gkod{m{o` ~zfd{m|i Ec{t|i|te/

Dezi e|~km mk|ie~eo gk|io&ae|icite| ~zfd{m|i# |kleze {g{g iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo yeo` ede |eet ioi jeoyem gkgicimi gk|io&ae|icite| ~zfd{m|i

yeo` |{deb mktio`èceo xegeo# |kbio`è me~e|ite| ~zfd{m|i tidem f~tigec/

[ot{m gkcem{meo gfdkzoi|e|i tkzbede~ gk|io&ae|icite| ~zfd{m|i tkz|kj{t#

iod{|tzi mk|{citeo gfdec mezkoe gkgj{t{bmeo ioqk|te|i yeo` |eoèt jk|ez/


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Mktkzjete|eo gfdec |kh{gceb iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo tkz|kj{t h{è

di~kz~ezeb dkoèo m{zeoòye mkhkce|eo fzdkz ~zfd{m Ec{t|i|te dezi

Mkgbeo&TOI/ \kcege ioi |ktie~ meci ~k|eoeo ~zfd{m Ec{t|i|te yeo`

dij{t{bmeo TOI tidem de~et hegioeo mk|ioegj{oèo fzdkz&~zfykm

tkz|kj{t/ Iod{|tzi'iod{|tzi tkz|kj{t gko`beze~meo edeoye mkzhe|ege g{cti

ykez|# |kbio`è ~kzkoleoeeo deo hegioeo ~zfd{m|i Ec{t|i|te tkz|kj{t

de~et gkohegio mkjkzceo`|{oèo iod{|tzi deo geg~{ gko{t{~i jieye

~zfd{m|i deo f~kze|ifoec yeo` gkgeo` l{m{~ jk|ez/ Ditegjeb ceì

gioigoye d{m{oèo ~ibem ~kzjeomeo {ot{m gkod{m{o` iod{|tzi deceg

~kgko{beo mkj{t{beo ~zfd{m|i Ec{t|i|te tkz|kj{t/

Aemtfz ceiooye h{è l{m{~ gkofohfc |kcege ioi yemoi ge|ib

ckgeboye ~fcitilec picc ~kgkzioteb deo mfgitgko TOI {ot{m

gko``{oemeo ~zfd{m|i deceg ok`kzi/ Bkodemoye liote ~zfd{m deceg

ok`kzi tidem beoye |kjeèi |cfèo ete{~{o zktfzime# tkte~i bez{| gkohedi

|kj{eb mk|edezeo jkz|ege deo |kjeèi `kzemeo oe|ifoec/ îcibeo

~koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te dezi c{ez ok`kzi fckb TOI bez{|ceb gkohedi ~icibeo

tkzembiz# dkoèo ~kztigjeoèo jebpe ~zfd{m tkz|kj{t jkc{g geg~{

di~zfd{m|i fckb iod{|tzi deceg ok`kzi/

M{zeo` jkzmkgjeoòye iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo deceg gkod{m{o`

~kgko{beo mkj{t{beo Ec{t|i|te deo |ezeoe ~kztebeoeo h{è di|kjejmeo

fckb mkgeg~{eo tkmofcfì yeo` digicimi ge|ib tkzèotio` mk~ede okèze

~zioli~ec# gkoìoèt |kjeìeo jk|ez iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo ge|ib

gko``{oemeo ci|ko|i deceg ~zfd{m|ioye/


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; |kjeèi ckgjeè yeo`

gkgicimi mkpkoeoèo deceg gko`ffzdioe|imeo

~kcem|eoeeo deo ~ko`kodecieo mkjihemeo oe|ifoec iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo/


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4/


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4/


69/83

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Tejkc 4 /5/ Eoeci|i| \PFT \tzetkì ^ko`kgjeoèo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo

Jeì Tkzp{h{doye Mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te

Of Aemtfz Iotkzoec Jfjft \mece

Jfjft r

\mece Mktkzeoèo

E Mkm{eteo "\tzko`tb|)

5Dfmtzio deo |tzetkì ~kztebeoeo

okèze>/ < >#9>

Dfmtzio deo |tzetkì

^kztebeoeeo Okèze edeceb

~kztebeoeo |kgk|te deo~kztebeoeo jkzce~i| yeo`

gkz{~emeo teo``{o` hepej|k`koe~ mfg~foko jeo`|e#

dkoèo TOI |kjeèi

mfg~foko {tege

: ^zf`zeg zkqiteci|e|i iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo

>/:; 4 5#>>\eceb |et{ ~zifzite| ~zf`zegmkzhe MejioktIodfok|ie

Jkz|et{ II

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Dete gko{oh{mmeo jebpe

jeoyem tkoeè ebci Iodfko|ie#

mb{|{|oye koìokkzio` yeo`jkmkzhe di c{ez ok`kzi deo

tkzj{mti beodec di |kh{gceb

okèze "akofgkoe jzeiodzeio)/ \k|{o``{b

mkgeg~{eo \DG tkz|kj{t

gkz{~emeo gfdec jk|ez jeì~kgjeo`{oeo oe|ifoec hime

mkjkzedeeo gkzkme ckjib

dibezèi

4

^ftko|i iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo"J[GOI^) yeo` l{m{~ jk|ez

deo did{m{o` fckb mkgitzeeoyeo` m{et dkoèo [MG

>/:; < >#0;

Ditkoèb'tko eb mktkzjete|eo

gfdec J[GOI^# mkgitzeeo

yeo` dijeo`{o dkoèoiod{|tzi [MG tkzj{mti |eoèt

gkod{m{o` mkjkzceo`|{oèo~zfd{m|i J[GOI^ tkz{tege

deceg ~koykdieeo mfg~foko

|{m{ ledeo`

Tftec Oicei E 5#>> #:> '< ' >#1>

Aemte gko{oh{mmeo jebpe|kjeìeo jk|ez gk|io deoae|icite| ~zfd{m|i yeo`

digicimi J[GOI^ |{deb

mktio`èceo xegeo/ Mktimegkoècegi mkz{|emeo |{cit

gkokg{meo |{m{ ledeo`

~ko`èoti


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[g{goye Ec{t|i|te yeo`digicimi TOI |eet ioi tkceb

jkz{|ie ckjib dezi teb{o

deo jeoyem ci|ko|ioyetkzèot{o` ~ede okèze

~kgj{et

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tkzmeit# iod{|tzi deo kz`{z{eo

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zkcetia zkodeb deo jkc{g

did{m{o` dkoèo mkg{debeoio|kotia dezi ~kgkzioteb deo

mzkdit ~kzjeomeo

>#:> '4 ' >#2>

[g{goye J[GOI^ jez{emeo gkg~zfd{m|i Ec{t|i|te

hime tkceb gkg~kzfckb fzdkz

dezi ~ko``{oe/ [~eyegkcem{meo ~ko`kgjeoèo#

iofqe|i ~zfd{m dicem|eoemeo

deceg |mece tkzjete|

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Oicei E - Oicei J "/5;

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5 ^kzeo deo ~f|i|i tepez Iodfok|ie

gkoio`met hime mkm{eteo~kztebeoeo m{et >/ 4 5#:>

^f|i|i tepez |{et{ okèze emeo

gkoio`met hime gkgicimi

mk{o``{ceo mfg~ktitia deceg

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: ^kzgioteeo ~e|ez oe|ifoec#zkìfoec deo cfjec tkzbede~

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~k|epet LO :/:; < >#0;

Dete di jeoyem okèze geh{gko{oh{mmeo jebpe iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo geg~{gkoio`metmeo ~kzt{gj{beo

kmfofgi deo gkg~kzc{e|ce~eoèo ~kmkzheeo |kleze

|iòiaimeo

4 ^ko`kcfceeo J[GOI^ yeo` jeimdeo gkode~et d{m{oèo ~ko{b

dezi ~kgkzioteb deo ^T |kzte

|pe|te/

>/:; < >#0;

^ko`kcfceeo J[GOI^ decegmkzeo`me zkqiteci|e|i iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo gkz{~emeo teo``{o`hepej jkz|ege deo

gkgioigecmeo k`f |kmtfzec

Tftec Oicei L 5#>>

D Eolegeo "Tbzket|)

5

Mfg~ckm|ite| deo gkoio`metoye

|~kmtz{g eolegeo gkoèolegmk{t{beo piceyeb# |tejicite|

mkegeoeo deceg ok`kzi deo

mkceo`|{oèo ~kgjeo`{oeo

># '4 ' 5#:>

^kceo`èzeo ~kzjete|eo#

~kol{zieo mkmeyeeo eceg fckb~ibem e|io`# tkzfzi|gk deo

mfoacim mkmkze|eo di ge|yezemet

gkoio`met

:Deg~em cfjeci|e|i# mzi|i|g{ctidigko|i deo io|tejicite|

mkegeoeo deceg ok`kzi

gkckgebmeo ~f|i|i tepez

>#:; '< ' >#0;

Mzi|i| g{ctidigko|i yeo` tkzhedi|khem 5990 jkc{g ~{cib#

~kzt{gj{beo kmfofgi jkc{g

|tejic# ioace|i tio`ì deo h{gceb

ge|yezemet gi|mio gkoio`met#


71/83

;9

Iodfok|ie ~kokèmeo b{m{g ckgeb#mkgeg~{eo ~kztebeoeo tkzjete|

#:; '< ' >#0;

^kceo`èzeo kz|kj{t |eoèt

gkz{ìmeo okèze# mkmeyeeoeceg Iodfok|ie h{|tz{ dioimgeti

fckb ~ibem e|io`

4^kzigjeoèo mkm{eteo

~kztebeoeo "gicitkz) di mepe|eo

de~et gkgil{ mfoacim eotezokèze

>#:; ': ' >#;>

Mkm{eteo ~kztebeoeo mite di

mepe|eo |eet ioi dijepeb

\ioè~{ze# Gecey|ie deoTbeiceod

Tftec Oicei D 5#>> '

Oicei L - Oicei D " ) 7 >#;>

^kc{eo` "F~~fzt{oitik|)

@egjez 4/5/ ^f|i|i \tzetkì ^ko`kgjeoèo Ec{t|i|te

dkoèo Ectkzoetia \tzetkì yeo` Tkz~icib Jkzde|ezmeo be|ic

Eoeci|i| \PFT

Ede~{o ceo`meb {ot{m gkole~ei |tzetkì tkz|kj{t de~et dicem{meo deceg

~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo jeì mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te |kjeèi jkzim{t 8

5) Gko`mehi {ceo` |kg{e mkjihemeo yeo` tkzmeit dkoèo

~kgjeo`{oeo ~kztebeoeo okèze# mb{|{|oye tkoteo` gfdkzoi|e|i

Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo eèz dibe|icmeo

\mece 8 \eoèt jeim 7 4 Jeim 7 < J{z{m 7 : J{z{m \kmeci 7 5[ot{m oicei okètia jkzcem{ |kjecimoye

@{oemeo ~kc{eo` {ot{m gkoète|iMkckgebeo "Mfo|fcide|i )

M{edzeo IQ

>#;>

' >#5;

^kc{eo`

"F~~fzt{oitik|)

Mkckgebeo"Pkemok||k|)

Mkm{eteo"\tzko`tb|)

Eolegeo"Tbzket|)


72/83

1>

mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo tkz|kj{t mfg~zkbko|ia# tkz{m{z deo jkzbe|ic

~ede tetezeo ig~ckgkote|i/ Mkjkzedeeo MMI^ bez{| dihedimeo titim

jecim mkjeo`miteo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/

:) Gko|f|ieci|e|imeo |ktie~ mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo |tzetkì| jideo`

~kztebeoeo mk~ede ~{jcim# |kbio`è Mkgbeo&TOI gkg~kzfckb

d{m{oèo deo ckìtige|i yeo` m{et dezi ge|yezemet |i~ic# |kmeci`{|

gkg~kzlk~et tkzp{h{doye dkgfmze|i |kzte ~kcem|eoeeo `ffd

`fqkzoeolk/


73/83

15

zkoleoe gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te de~et dibe|icmeo dezi iod{|tzi deceg

ok`kzi# eèz mkjihemeo Gioig{g K||kotiec Afzlk "GKA) de~et

|k`kze tkzp{h{d

0) Gkgjkzimeo io|kotia "jigjioèo tkmoi|# geoehkgko deo jeot{eo

gfdec) mk~ede iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# tkz{tege [MG yeo` ~ftko|iec

gkod{m{o` ~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo

2) Gkoio`metmeo mkgeg~{eo tkmoi| tkg~{z ~eze ~zeh{zit# dkoèo

gko`ìetmeo ~kcetibeo'~kcetibeo tkzbede~ Ec{t|i|te yeo` ~edet

tkmofcfì# |kbio`è ~zf|k| tzeo|akz tkmofcfì de~et tkzp{h{d deo

ckqkc ~zfak|ifoeci|gk ~zeh{zit gkgedei/

4/4/ ^kgjebe|eo Be|ic ^kokcitieo

Dezi be|ic ~ko`{g~{ceo deo eoeci|i| dete gko{oh{mmeoo jebpe

~kgko{beo mkj{t{beo Ec{t|i|te yeo` gfdkzo {ot{m di`{oemeo fckb TOI

deceg gko`f~tigecmeo t{è| deo a{o`|ioye gkoheè mk{t{beo OMZI#

gkoheè mkde{ceteo okèze deo mk|kcegeteo jeo`|e dezi |kèce eolegeo

gkohedi |kj{eb mkbez{|eo/ [~eye ~kgko{beo tkz|kj{t bez{| diezebmeo

dkoèo gko`kgjeo`meo mkgeg~{eo iod{|tzi deceg ok`kzi# dkoèo

ectkzoetia ~icibeo tkzembiz ~koèdeeo Ec{t|i|te dezi c{ez ok`kzi beoye emeo

di~kzmkoeo mece{ mite jkoez'jkoez j{t{b deo iod{|tzi deceg ok`kzi jkc{g

geg~{ gkg~zfd{m|i/

^kgjioeeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo beoye g{o`mio dicem|eoemeo

e~ejice did{m{o` fckb mkjihemeo ~kgkzioteb yeo` gkgedei/ \kceio {~eye

|iokzìte| deo iotk`zite| dieoteze iod{|tzioye# h{è gkgkzc{meo


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1:

mktkz~ed{eo ~ko`kcfceeo dkoèo |temkbfcdkz| Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo# yemoi

~ko``{oe "TOI)# ^kgkzioteb# io|tit{|i Citjeo` deo ^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì/

[~eye gkp{h{dmeo ~kgjioeeo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo ioi# gkgkzc{meo |{et{

~koeteeo deo ~koèt{zeo yeo` de~et ckjib gkohkgjeteoi mk|kze|ieo deceg

gkg~zifzite|meo mk~kotioèo ~kztebeoeo dkoèo mk~kotioèo oe|ifoec

ceiooye/ Dkoèo gko``{oemeo ~kzeo`met ~koèt{zeo yeo` |kdkzbeoe#

tkè| deo mkoyec# |kzte p{h{d ~kgjeo`{oeo |i|tkg iod{|tzi yeo` |fcid#

de~et gkoio`metmeo kakmtiaite| deo kai|iko|i ~kgjkzdeyeeo |k`koe~

mkgeg~{eo iod{|tzi oe|ifoec deceg gkod{m{o` ~kgko{beo mkj{t{beo

|ezeoe ~kztebeoeo/

\eceb |et{ ~kzeo`met ~ko`kcfce iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo yeo` di~eodeo`

~kzc{ {ot{m gkodfzfo` iod{|tzi oe|ifoec gkohedi ckjib ~zfak|ifoec#

iofqetia# kakmtia deo kai|iko |kzte tkziotk`ze|i deceg gkgko{bi mkj{t{beo

|ezeoe ~kztebeoeo |kleze geodizi# edeceb |{et{ ~kzeo`met c{oem "zk`{ce|i)

yeit{ ~kzet{zeo tkoteo` ^kgjioeeo Tkmofcfì deo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo

did{m{o` fckb Mfgitk Mkjihemeo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo |kjeèi ~koègjic

mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo deceg {~eye ~kgjioeeo/

Ceo`meb ~kzjeimeo yeo` bez{| |k`kze dicem{meo tkot{oye tidem

beoye dezi |i|i tkmoi| |ehe# oeg{o dezi jkzjeèi e|~km tkzmeit dkoèo

zk`{ce|i# ~ko`kgjeoèo \DG# |ezeoe ~ze|ezeoe |kzte ~kgjkzieo io|kotia

deceg ~ko`kgjeoèo tkmofcfì# gi|ecoye lf{otkz tzedk deo faa|kt zfed

ge~~io` tkmofcfì "~kzdeèoèo tigjec jecim deceg mkzeo`me tzeo|akz

tkmofcfì yeo` hkce|) yeo` dij{t{bmeo fckb TOI deo mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo

tkzmeit dkoèo ~ko``{oeeo ~zfd{m deceg ok`kzi/


75/83

155) ~kztkoèbeo Gki di|k~emeti ~kgjeo`{oeo

iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo jkz|ege eotez okèze E\KEO# |k~kzti yeo` dicem{meo

okèze Kzf~e Jezet deceg OETF/ K|ko|i mk|k~emeteo ioi edeceb |k|ege

okèze E\KEO emeo |ecio` gkcko`me~i mkgeg~{eo deceg gkg~zfd{m|i

Ec{t|i|te deo tidem |ecio` gkohet{bmeo "Mfg~e|# 59 Gki :>55)/


78/83

11

Mk|k~emeteo ioi h{è di|egj{t jeim fckb J[GOI^ |k~kzti ~kzoyeteeo

Diz{t ^T/ ÊC jebpe Iodfok|ie jkz~ftko|i |kjeèi ~kgeio jk|ez deceg

~zfd{m|i Ec{t|i|te di mepe|eo ~ede ge|e gkodeteo`/ Bec ioi dij{mtimeo

dkoèo jkjkze~e ~zfd{m Ec{t|i|te mite tkceb dikm|~fz mk Gecey|ie deo

Mfzke \kceteo |k~kzti ~k|epet LO':


79/83

10

JEJ Q

MK\IG^[CEO DEO \EZEO

;/5/ Mk|ig~{ceo

Dezi be|ic ~ko`fcebeo deo eoeci|i| dete tkzbede~ ~kzge|ecebeo

~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo gko{h{ mkgeodizieo Ec{ti|i|te `{oe

f~tigeci|e|i ~koykcko`èzeeo ~kztebeoeo okèze de~et diegjic jkjkze~e

mk|ig~{ceo |kjeèi jkzim{t8

;/5/5/ Ec{t|i|te yeo` digicimi TOI |eet ioi jkzede deceg mfodi|i mziti|

"mkgeg~{eo gioig{g# zete'zete beoye 1>+)# |eoèt zi|meo {ot{m

de~et dibeze~meo geg~{ gkod{m{o` t{è|'t{è| ~fmfm

~kztebeoeo okèze/

;/5/:/ Mktkzjete|eo eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo jkzdeg~em ~ede tkzbegjetoye

~zf|k| gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo mkgeodizieo

iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# oeg{o ~kgkzioteb gkgicimi ~ftko|i {ot{m

gkcem{meo {~eye ~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo dkoèo

gkoio`metmeo mkzhe|ege dkoèo jkzjeèi ~ibem jeim deceg

ge{~{o c{ez ok`kzi "^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì# Iod{|tzi# ckgjeè'ckgjeè

zi|kt) |kleze ckjib iotko|/

;/5/


80/83

10

JEJ Q

MK\IG^[CEO DEO \EZEO

;/5/ Mk|ig~{ceo

Dezi be|ic ~ko`fcebeo deo eoeci|i| dete tkzbede~ ~kzge|ecebeo

~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo gko{h{ mkgeodizieo Ec{ti|i|te `{oe

f~tigeci|e|i ~koykcko`èzeeo ~kztebeoeo okèze de~et diegjic jkjkze~e

mk|ig~{ceo |kjeèi jkzim{t8

;/5/5/ Ec{t|i|te yeo` digicimi TOI |eet ioi jkzede deceg mfodi|i mziti|

"mkgeg~{eo gioig{g# zete'zete beoye 1>+)# |eoèt zi|meo {ot{m

de~et dibeze~meo geg~{ gkod{m{o` t{è|'t{è| ~fmfm

~kztebeoeo okèze/

;/5/:/ Mktkzjete|eo eo`èzeo ~kztebeoeo jkzdeg~em ~ede tkzbegjetoye

~zf|k| gfdkzoi|e|i Ec{t|i|te deo ~kgjeo`{oeo mkgeodizieo

iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo# oeg{o ~kgkzioteb gkgicimi ~ftko|i {ot{m

gkcem{meo {~eye ~ko`kgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo dkoèo

gkoio`metmeo mkzhe|ege dkoèo jkzjeèi ~ibem jeim deceg

ge{~{o c{ez ok`kzi "^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì# Iod{|tzi# ckgjeè'ckgjeè

zi|kt) |kleze ckjib iotko|/

;/5/


81/83

DEATEZ ^[\TEME

Jemzik Lfooik Zebem{odioi# :>>0# ^kztebeoeo Okèze deo ^f|t{z TOI Idkec#

Yeye|eo Fjfz Iodfok|ie# Hemezte/

J{|iok|| Zkqikp Kdi|i 5> Teb{o >2 Heo{ezi :>5>

Jecitjeo` Dk~beo## Oe|meb Emedkgim zk`{ce|i tkoteo` ^kgjioeeo tkmofcfì !

Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo# ppp/ckècite|/fz`# Ellk||kd

5>/

Lkotzec Iotkci kolk E`koly# :>>1# Tbk Pfzcd Aeltjffm :>>1# Pe|bio`tfo DL#

[\E

Dk~eztkgko ^kztebeoeo ZI# :>>0# Dfmtzio ^kztebeoeo Okèze# Mkgbeo ZI#Hemezte/

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV# :>>0# ^f|t{z ^kztebeoeo Okèze# Mkgbeo ZI#

Hemezte/

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV# :>>0# \tzetkì ^kztebeoeo Okèze# Mkgbeo ZI#

Hemezte/

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV# :>>2#J{m{ ^{tib ^kztebeoeo Iodfok|ie# Mkgbeo ZI#

Hemezte/

Bezzi|fo Ci|e# :>>0# Gktfdfcfì ^kokcitieo ^fcitim# Kdi|i 5 Lktemeo 5# Mkoleoe#Hemezte/

Oepepi Bedezi B/ :>>;# Gktfdk ^kokcitieo Jideo` \f|iec# Lktemeo mk|kjkce|

@edheb Gede ^zk||# Yf`yemezte/

^zf~etzie Io|tit{tk# :>>1# T/ Bezi ^zibetfof "kditfz)# ^koeteeo Mkzeo`me Zk`{ce|i

Mkegeoeo Oe|ifoec# Lktemeo ^kztege#

^ZFÊTZIE Io|tit{tk# Hemezte/

Pbitoky A/C/# Tbk Kckgkot| fa Zk|kezlb# ^zkotilk Becc Iol# Okp Yfzm# 591>#

Mfzeo

Mfg~e| kdi|i 59 Gki :>55

Mfzeo \IODF kdi|i :: Gki :>55


82/83

Ceg~izeo

Deatez ^kzteoyeeo Pepeoleze ^kokcitieo \tzetkì ^ko`kgjeoèo Iod{|tzi

^kztebeoeo Deceg Gkod{m{o` Mkgeodizieo Ecet [tege deo\i|tkg \kohete

5/ \k~kzti dimkteb{i jebpe Zkqiteci|e|i Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo deceg zeo`me

gkod{m{o` {~eye mkgedizieo Ec{t|i|te gkz{~emeo |eceb |et{ ~zf`zeg

~zifzite| dezi mejiokt |kmezeo`/ Gko{z{t Je~em&Ij{ k|kotiec ~fiot "~fio

~kotio`) e~e yeo` bez{| di{~eyemeo {ot{m gkp{h{dmeo t{h{eo tkz|kj{t 6

:/ Gkolkzgeti mfodi|i tkzmioi iod{|tzi'iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo mite "îoded# CKO#

ÊC dcc) m{zeo` geg~{ gkod{m{o` mktkz|kdieeo ecet ~kzeceteo

~kztebeoeo yeo` |eoèt dij{t{bmeo TOI/ Gko{z{t ~koègeteoJe~em&Ij{# mkckgebeo ~fmfm e~e yeo` ~ecio` dfgioeot yeo` gko`begjet

~kzmkgjeoèo iod{|tzi tkz|kj{t deo e~e ceo`meb'ceo`meb yeo` bez{|

|k`kze dicem{meo eèz iod{|tzi tkz|kj{t jie| jeo`mit 6


83/83

gkcibet mfodi|i tkz|kj{t diete| deo jeèigeoe ègjezeo ~kzmkgjeoèo

~ede ge|e yeo` emeo deteo` 6

0/ Mkgbeo |kdeo`&tkceb jkmkzhe|ege dkoèo ^kz`{z{eo Tio`ì# |kmtfz\pe|te# J^^T# TOI ete{ ckgjeè ceio yeo` gkgicimi mkgeg~{eo deceg

jideo` |eio| deo tkmofcfì/ Gko{z{t Je~em&Ij{ |{deb |khe{b geoeb{j{oèo mkzhe|ege tkz|kj{t 6

2/ J[GOI^ mite {g{goye gkgkzc{meo jeot{eo gfdec dezi ~kzjeomeo

oe|ifoec {ot{m gkod{m{o` ~koio`meteo mkgeg~{eo ~zfd{m|ioye |kzte

edeoye io|kotia deo mkg{debeo ~ehem dezi ~kgkzioteb/ Ceo`meb'ceo`meb

|tzetkì| e~e yeo` bez{| dicem{meo ~kgkzioteb deceg gkgjeot{ iod{|tzi

~kztebeoeo deceg ~kzgfdeceo 6

9/ Mfgitk Mkjihemeo Iod{|tzi ^kztebeoeo |{deb dijkot{m {ot{m gkoete {ceo`deo gkgjkoebi |kg{e mkjihemeo'mkjihemeo yeo` |kcege ioi ede deo

mfotze~zfd{mtia jeì ~kzmkgjeoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/ Jeèigeoe

Je~em&Ij{ gkcibet mkjkzedeeo mfgitk ioi deo beze~eo e~e yeo` ji|edizkmfgkode|imeo jeì mfgitk {ot{m gkgeote~meo ~zf`zeg'~zf`zeg

mkzheoye/

5>/ [~eye'{~eye ~kgjkoebeo jkzmeiteo dkoèo iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo |kdeo`dicem{meo fckb ~kgkzioteb deceg bec ioi Mkgkotkzieo ^kztebeoeo

"Mkgbeo)# eèz tkzle~eioye mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te gkcec{i ~ko`kgjeoèo

iod{|tzi ~kztebeoeo/ Gko{z{t Je~em&Ij{ deceg m{z{o pemt{ jkze~e cege

ji|e tkzle~ei mkgeodizieo Ec{t|i|te 6 Ceo`meb'ceo`meb e~e yeo` emeo

diegjic e~ejice deceg m{z{o pemt{ tkz|kj{t jkc{g tkzle~ei 6

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