SEKURITISASI HALKLARIN DEMOKRATIK PARTISI (HDP) OLEH

RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN DI TAHUN 2015

Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1

IBKAR MAHI

201310360311086

JURUSAN ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2018

KATA PENGANTAR

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim

Segala puji bagi Allah S.W.T, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, yang selalu

melimpahkan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya bagi seluruh umat manusia di muka bumi

ini. Puji syukur saya haturkan karena berkat kuasa-Nya saya dapat menyelesaikan

skripsi ini. Shalawat serta salam tidak lupa saya haturkan kepada junjungan Nabi

Muhammad S.A.W yang telah mengantarkan umat manusia kepada jalan kebenaran

sesuai dengan pedoman Al-Qur’an dan Hadist.

Akhirnya sampailah saya di penghujung masa perkuliahan yang ditandai

dengan pembebanan tugas skripsi sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Strata-1

di bidang Ilmu Politik. Keberhasilan penyelesaian tanggung jawab ini tidak terlepas

dari peran berbagai pihak yang terlibat secara langsung maupun tidak langsung; di

mana pihak-pihak tersebut akan saya sebutkan setelah ini. Saya juga memohon

maaf jika ada pihak yang tidak saya sebutkan disini.

• Ucapan terimakasih saya terhadap Bapak dan Ibu saya yang telah mendidik

dan menyekolahkan saya hingga sampai di jenjang S-1; adik saya, Kavia

Rachma yang menemani hari-hari saya sejak kecil; serta seluruh anggota

keluarga besar di Balikpapan dan juga Malang yang selalu mendukung dan

membantu saya selama ini. Semoga mereka selalu diberikan kesehatan,

rezeki yang melimpah, dan selalu dalam lindungan Allah S.W.T

• Terimakasih kepada dosen pembimbing saya, Bapak M. Syaprin Zahidi

M.A dan Bapak Hafid Adim Pradana M.A yang telah memberikan panduan

terbaik bagi saya dalam menyelesaikan skripsi, Bapak Ruli Ramadhoan

S.Sos M.Si dan Ibu Peggy yang menjadi tim penguji saya serta memberikan

revisi dan masukan dalam penyelsaian skripsi saya. Tak lupa seluruh jajaran

civitas akademik jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional yang telah

memberikan ilmu-ilmu yang bermanfaat bagi saya selama mengikuti

perkuliahan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

• Kawan-kawan terbaikku; Wildan Martak, Muhammad Alaydrus, Haydar

Mauladawilah, Desita Citra Resmi, Dewandaru Braga, Zinda Rahma Ilfana,

Mayedha Putra, Hany Prima, Indah Ayu Suryaningrum, dan Michiko Miera;

yang telah memberikan dukungan dalam bentuk materil dan non-materil;

akademik dan non-akademik; serta psikologis bagi saya untuk dapat

menyelesaikan perkuliahan ini. Terutama untuk diskusi-diskusi panjang dan

berat di penghujung malam yang selalu menghiasi pertemanan kita. Semoga

kalian selalu diberikan kemudahan dalam hidup; dan segera diluluskan bagi

yang belum lulus. I get really curious about how we’re going to look like

ten years from now.

• Kawan-kawan dari Balikpapan; Rizky Perdana, Marsya Paramita, Bhineka

Prayogo, Henry Balan, Adin Nanda, Fiqry Rahmatullah, Sigit Cahyo, Owen

Ricky, Rudy Pradhita Lubis, Alan Peter, Toto’, dan kawan-kawan lainnya

yang tidak saya sebutkan namanya.Terimakasih karena sudah membantu

saya dalam segala hal dan selalu ada disaat saya sedang membutuhkan

kalian. Ya’ll the best, semoga kalian bisa diberi kesuksesan duniawi sebesar-

besarnya dan tidak diputuskan tali silaturahminya.

• BVGIL Gelato & Friends beserta seluruh jajaran staff dan pimpinannya.

Terimakasih sudah menempa saya dan mematahkan idealisme-idealisme

usang saya akan dunia kerja, serta membuat saya terbiasa bekerja dibawah

tekanan sekaligus melatih kedisiplinan saya. Sukses selalu.

• Seluruh warung nasi dan warung kopi langganan saya selama menempuh

perkuliahan ini. Terimakasih sudah menemamani dan memberi asupan

nutrisi maupun dzat-dzat kimiawi lainnya.

• Penghuni kos Tirto Rahayu IX dibawah naungan Ibu Siti; baik yang fisikal

maupun astral; baik yang berwujud dan tidak berwujud. Terimakasih sudah

mau menampung dan hidup berdampingan dengan saya.

• Semua pihak yang membantu penulis dalam menyelesaikan proses skripsi

yang belum dicantumkan diatas.

Semoga hasil penelitian dalam skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat untuk

dijadikan referensi bagi para peneliti Studi Hubungan Internasional. Sekian kata

pengantar ini saya sampaikan. Tidak ada kata sempurna bagi umat manusia,

karena kesempurnaan hanya milik Allah. SWT.

Billahitaufiq Wal Hidayah

Wassalammu’alaikum. Wr. Wb

Malang, 29 Agustus 2018

Ibkar Mahi

DAFTAR ISI

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN...................................................................................................1

1.1 Latar Belakang.............................................................................................1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah........................................................................................6

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian.........................................................................................6

1.4 Manfaat Penlitian.........................................................................................6

1.4.1 Manfaat Praktis.................................................................................6

1.4.2 Manfaat Akademis............................................................................7

1.5 Penelitian Terdahulu.....................................................................................7

1.6 Kerangka Teori...........................................................................................18

1.6.1 Teori Sekuritisasi (Securitization Theory) ....................................18

1.7 Metodologi Penelitian................................................................................22

1.7.1 Tingkat Analisa.............................................................................22

1.7.2 Tipe Penelitian...............................................................................22

1.7.3 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.............................................................23

1.7.4 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian..............................................................23

1.7.4.1 Batasan Waktu...................................................................23

1.7.4.2 Batasan Materi...................................................................23

1.8 Argumen Utama.........................................................................................24

1.9 Sistimatika Penelitian.................................................................................24

BAB II

PERGERAKAN POLITIK ETNIS KURDI DI TURKI..................................27

2.1 Keberadaan Etnis Kurdi di Turki...............................................................27

2.1.1 Asal-Usul Etnis Kurdi...................................................................28

2.1.2 Posisi Etnis Kurdi Pasca Berdirinya Republik Turki.....................33

2.2 Pergerakan Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan....................................................36

2.3 Halklarin Demokratik Partisi dan Perjuangan Politik Etnis Kurdi di Era

Erdogan......................................................................................................43

2.3.1 Perjuangan Politik Etnis Kurdi Sebelum Berdirinya Halklarin

Demokratik Partisi.........................................................................43

2.3.2 Berdirinya Halklarin Demokratik Partisi......................................48

2.4 Penurunan Popularitas Serta Elektabilitas Adaliyet ve Kalkinma Partisi dan

Erdogan......................................................................................................51

2.5 Eksistensi Kurdi Dalam Perspektif Erdogan..............................................59

BAB III

ANALISA PROSES SEKURITISASI...............................................................63

3.1 Proses Sekuritisasi Halklarin Demokratik Partisi.....................................63

3.1.1 Tindakan Speech-Act Oleh Erdogan..............................................64

3.1.2 Eskalasi Isu Kurdi Dalam Proses Sekuritisasi...............................78

3.2 Pengaruh Proses Sekuritisasi......................................................................82

BAB IV

KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

4.1 Kesimpulan................................................................................................89

4.2 Saran..........................................................................................................90

DAFTAR TABEL

1.5.1 Tabel Penelitian Terdahulu.....................................................................16

1.9.1 Tabel Sistimatika Penulisan....................................................................24

2.2.1 Tabel Kronologi Peristiwa-Peristiwa Penting Dalam Perkembangan

Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan...................................................................40

2.3.1 Tabel Daftar Partai Pro-Kurdi (Dari 1990 Hingga 2012)....................47

2.4.1 Tabel Hasil Perolehan Pemilu AKP Sejak 2002 Hingga 2015.............55

3.3.1 Tabel Rangkaian Tindakan Speech-Act Erdogan.................................75

DAFTAR GAMBAR

1.6.1 Gambar Alur Eskalasi Isu......................................................................19

1.6.2 Gambar Skema Proses Sekuritisasi.......................................................21

2.3.2 Gambar Peta Persebaran Populasi Etnis Kurdi...................................29

3.1.1 Gambar Skema Proses Sekuritisasi Oleh Erdogan..............................81

3.2.1 Gambar Peta Elektoral Pemilu Juni 2015.............................................86

3.2.2 Gambar Presentase Dukungan Berdasarkan Spektrum Warna.........86

3.2.3 Gambar Peta Elektoral Pemilu November 2015...................................87

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Referensi Video

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