RUMUS 16 TENSES BAHASAINGGRISRUMUS 16 TENSESKata KerjaKata Kerja adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja atau Verb pada rumus-rumus Tenses di blog ini, Kata kerja atau Verb ini sering saya singkat V saja. Jadi kalau V+ing artinya sama dengan Verb+ing, sering juga saya tulis sebagai Ving saja agar mudah.Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1, V2, V3, Ving.Kata Kerja bentuk 1 atau saya singkat V1, yaitu kata kerja dasar, seperti: drink, go, write, read, participate, learn, study, dan sebagainya. Ada kata kerja bentuk ke 2, sering saya singkat V2. Kata kerja bentuk 3 ya V3. Serta Kata Kerja bentuk ING atau saya singkat Ving. Bagaimana cara menggunakan bentuk-bentuk kata kerja tersebut? Ada di masing-masing pelajaran Tenses Bahasa Inggris.Perubahan Bentuk Kata KerjaPerubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk kedua (V2) dan bentuk ke 3 (V2) ada yang beraturan (ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan (tidak ada rumusnya). Wah memamg inilah yang membuat bahasa Inggris ini menjadi rumit bagi kita orang Indonesia, haha.Kata Kerja Beraturan (Regular Verb):Artinya ya mempunyai keteraturan bentuknya, ada rumusnya misalnya ditambah D atau ED seperti: live lived lived, play, played, played.Walaupun ada aturannya tetapi aturan perubahan tersebut masih ada beberapa. Daftar kata kerja beraturan ini pun panjang sekali. Saya sarankan Anda mempunyai buku Grammar Bahasa Inggris walaupun yang kecil dan sederhana, biasanya ada di sana. Memang Anda mau menulsinya disini satu per satu?.Kata Kerja TIDAK Beraturan (Irregular Verb):Misalnya kata kerja drink berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drink-drank-drunk. Satu contoh lain lagi: break-broke-brokenMasih ingat V1, V2, V3 dan Ving? Jangan lupa apa itu artinya ya, karena akan sering dipergunakan dalam setiap tenses bahasa inggris1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)Rumus :+ } S + V1 + O/C- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/CExample :+ } Sisca Reads book everyday- } Sisca does not Read book everyday? } does Sisca Read book everydayYes He does / No He does not (doesnt)For I, We, You, They = doHe, She, It = DoesContoh kalimat :(+) She is a new people here.(+) He plays football every morning(-) She isnt a new people here.(-) He does not playing football every morning.(?) Is she a new people here?(?) How playing football every morning?b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.Rumus :+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> + } They are playing badmintoon now- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> } They are not playing badmintoon now? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?Yes They are / no they are notFor I = amThey, we, you = areHe, She, It = IsContoh dalam kalimat :(+) He is playing badminton now(-) He isnt playing badminton now.(?) Is he playing badminton now.c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb+main verbContoh :(+) you have eaten mine.(-) she has not been to Rome(?) have you finished?d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)Rumus :(+): S + have/has + been + Ving(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving(?): Have/has + S + been + VingContoh :(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.(+) We have been riding a horse for three days(-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening.(-) We havent been riding a horse for three days.(?) Has she been going to Malang ?(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)Rumus :+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/CExample :+} We were at school yesterday-} We were not at school yesterday?} were we at school yesterday ?For I, He, She, It = WasThey, we, you = wereContoh :(+) I saw a good film last night(+) He came here last month(-) I saw not a good film last night(-) He came not last month(?) Saw I a good film last night(?) Came He here last monthb. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)Rumus :(+): S + was/were + Ving(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving(?): Was/Were + S + VingContoh :(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week(+) They were talking about sport when I met him(-) He wasnt watching television all afternoon last week(-) They werent talking about sport when I met him(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week(?) Were they talking about sport when I met himc. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb(+): S + had + V3(-): S + had + not + V3(?): Had + S + V3Contoh :(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle(+) The ship had left before I arrived(-) When my brother arrived , I hadnt painted my motor cycle(-) The ship hadnt left before I arrived(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verbContoh :(+) They had been living there for two month(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton(-) They hadnt been living there for two month(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadnt been playing badminton(?) Had they been living there for two month?(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?3. Future Tense (Akan Datang)a. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verbContoh :(+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.(+) he will met girl friend by seven oclock(?) Will he go to America next month?(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verbContoh :(+) I will be writing a comic.(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.(-) I will not writing a comic.(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.(?) Will I be writing a comic ?(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verbContoh :(+) Iwillhavefinishedby 10am.(+) Youwillhaveforgottenme by then.(-) Shewillnothavegoneto school.(-) Wewillnothaveleft.(?) Willyouhavearrived?(?) Willtheyhavereceivedit?d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)Rumus :subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verbContoh :(+) I will have been reading a news paper.(+) He will have been listening music.(-) I will havent been reading a news paper.(-) He will havent listening a music.(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?(?) Will He have listening a music ?4. Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)Rumus :Positif: S + would + V1Negatif: S + would + not + V1Tanya: Would + S + V1Contoh :(+) He would come if you invited him.(+) They would buy a home the previous day.(-) He wouldnt come if invited him.(-) They wouldnt buy a home the previous day.(?) Would He come if invited him ?(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)Rumus :Positif: S + would + be + VingNegatif: S + would + not + be + VingTanya: Would + S + be + VingContoh :(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.(+) I shall be sliping at 10 oclock tomorrow.(-) I shouldnt be swimming at this time the following day.(-) I shallnt be sleeping at 10 oclock tomorrow.(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 oclock tomorrow ?c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)Rumus :Positif: S + would + have + V3Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3Tanya: Would + S + have + V3Contoh :(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.(-) He wouldnt have gone if he had met his darling(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense(Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)Rumus :Positif: S + would + have + been + VingNegatif: S + would + not + have + been + VingTanya: Would + S + have + been + VingContoh :Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years(+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years(-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldnt have been walking here for seventeen year(-) Rianawati wouldnt have been speaking English for two years(?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?