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PROSES PRODUKSI FILM DOKUMENTER

ASAP DI UJUNG ZAMAN

NASKAH AKADEMIK

SKRIPSI BERBASIS KARYA

Diajukan Guna Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh

Gelar Sarjana Ilmu Komunikasi

Muhammad Fadhiil Djajasasmita

00000009754

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KOMUNIKASI

KONSENTRASI MULTIMEDIA JURNALISTIK

FAKULTAS ILMU KOMUNIKASI

UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA

TANGERANG

2019

Proses produksi film..., Muhammad Fadhiil Djajasasmita, FIKOM UMN, 2019

iv

HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN

“Look again at that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us.

On it everyone you love, everyone you know,

everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was,

lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering,

thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines,

every hunter and forager, every hero and coward,

every creator and destroyer of civilization,

every king and peasant, every young couple in love,

every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer,

every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician,

every "superstar," every "supreme leader,"

every saint and sinner in the history of our species

lived there-on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam.”

– Carl Sagan


v

KATA PENGANTAR

Semasa proses penyelesaian skripsi berbasis karya ini, penulis mendapatkan begitu

banyak dukungan serta bantuan dari berbagai macam pihak, sehingga penulis dapat

menyelesaikan film dokumenter “Asap Di Ujung Zaman” serta laporan skripsi berbasis karya

berjudul “Proses Produksi Film Dokumenter Asap Di Ujung Zaman”. Skripsi berbasis karya

ini penulis ajukan kepada Program Strata 1, Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi, Fakultas Ilmu

Komunikasi, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.

Penulis tidak dapat menyelesaikan skripsi berbasis karya ini tanpa bantuan dari

orang-orang terdekat, sehingga penulis ingin menyampaikan ungkapan terima kasih kepada:

1. Seluruh narasumber dan pihak-pihak di Kudus yang telah memberikan banyak

pengalaman saat proses produksi berlangsung.

2. Bapak Aditya Heru Wardhana, selaku dosen pembimbing yang dengan sabar

membimbing penulis dalam menyusun skripsi berbasis karya ini.

3. Bapak dan Ibu, selaku orang tua penulis yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan

kasih sayang yang besar untuk menyelesaikan skripsi berbasis karya ini.

4. Jemi Cafirosi, teman penulis sekaligus juru kamera dan penyunting film ini.

5. Dodiek Tas’an Wartono yang bersedia memberikan tempat menginap untuk

penulis dan juru kamera, serta Helmi Tas’an Wartono yang selalu menjadi teman

diskusi penulis di Kudus.

6. Lia Hutasoit, selaku sahabat penulis yang selalu memberikan semangat dan ide

selama penyelesaian skripsi berbasis karya ini.


Scanned by CamScannerProses produksi film..., Muhammad Fadhiil Djajasasmita, FIKOM UMN, 2019

vii

ABSTRAK

PROSES PRODUKSI FILM DOKUMENTER “ASAP DI UJUNG ZAMAN”

oleh

Muhammad Fadhiil Djajasasmita

00000009754

Rokok merupakan hasil olahan tembakau yang dibungkus, dan mengandung bahan-bahan lainnya seperti cengkih atau kemenyan. Jenis rokok yang berasal dari Indonesia adalah rokok ‘kretek’, rokok yang memiliki bahan baku berupa daun tembakau dan cengkih yang menurut sejarah ditemukan oleh H. Djamhari, yang pada awalnya dilinting dengan klobot, atau daun jagung kering. Rokok kretek klobot tersebut merupakan bentuk dari budaya asli di Indonesia, sehingga mampu melahirkan industri rokok, industri khas di Indonesia, serta memperkaya keragaman budaya di Indonesia.

Film Dokumenter ini akan meliputi identitas industri rokok Indonesia yang lahir dari budaya kretek, khususnya rokok klobot. Film ini akan menggali informasi mengenai sejarah hingga proses produksi rokok klobot dengan gaya dokumenter observasional dan expository.

Kata Kunci : Klobot, Budaya Kretek, Film Dokumenter Etnografi


viii

ABSTRACT

THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF DOCUMENTARY MOVIE “ASAP DI UJUNG ZAMAN”

by

Muhammad Fadhiil Djajasasmita 00000009754

Cigarettes are a product of processed tobaccos that is wrapped, and contains other

materials such as cloves or incense. The type of cigarettes that came from Indonesia is ‘kretek’ cigarettes, a type of cigarette that contains a mixture of tobacco leaves and cloves, that according to some sources, was founded by H. Djamhari, that was first wrapped in corn husks (Klobot), or a dried corn skin. ‘Kretek Klobot’ cigarettes is an indigenous culture to Indonesia. The Indonesian cigarette industries, that was first built because of ‘Kretek Klobot’, may have enriched the nation’s culture.

This documentary movie will cover the identity of Indonesian cigarette industries, which is influenced by the ‘Kretek’ culture, especially ‘Kretek Klobot’. This movie will search for various information about the history to the process of making a ‘Kretek Klobot’ cigarette, in the style of observational and expository documentary. Keywords : Klobot, Kretek Culture, Ethnographic Documentary


ix

DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL…………………………………………………………………..…. i HALAMAN PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................... ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .......................................................................................... iii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ....................................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................................ v ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................... xii DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................................... xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................................. 1 1.2 Tujuan Karya ................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Kegunaan Karya .............................................................................................. 6

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Tinjauan Karya Sejenis ................................................................................... 7

2.1.1 BBC – Horizon: We love Cigarettes………………………………. .... 7 2.1.2 Watchdoc – Ekspedisi Indonesia Biru: Made In Siberut………….. .... 8 2.1.3 VICE on HBO – Addiction (Episode 7 .............................................. 10

2.2 Teori dan Konsep ......................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 Teori .................................................................................................... 11

A. Etnografi ......................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Konsep ................................................................................................ 13

A. Documentary .................................................................................. 13 B. Budaya Rokok Kretek dan Klobot ................................................. 17 C. Kudus Kota Kretek ......................................................................... 19 D. Teknik Pengambilan Gambar ......................................................... 20 E. Film Etnografi ................................................................................. 26 F. Nilai Berita ...................................................................................... 27

BAB III RANCANGAN KARYA 3.1 Tahap Pembuatan .......................................................................................... 30

3.1.1 Praproduksi ......................................................................................... 31 A. Menentukan Tema dan Riset .......................................................... 31 B. Perumusan Proposal ....................................................................... 47


x

C. Bimbingan ...................................................................................... 47 D. Penentuan Anggaran ...................................................................... 48

3.1.2 Produksi .............................................................................................. 48 A. Tahap Pembuatan ........................................................................... 48 B. Alokasi Waktu ................................................................................ 51 C. Tim yang Dibutuhkan ..................................................................... 52

3.1.3 Pascaproduksi ..................................................................................... 52 A. Tahap Penyuntingan ....................................................................... 52 B. Promosi Film .................................................................................. 53 C. Distribusi Film ................................................................................ 53

3.2 Anggaran ....................................................................................................... 54 3.3 Format Luaran ............................................................................................... 55

BAB IV HASIL 4.1 Pelaksanaan ................................................................................................... 57

4.1.1 Praproduksi ......................................................................................... 58 A. Survei ............................................................................................. 58 B. Shot List .......................................................................................... 60 C. Breakdown Shot .............................................................................. 61 D. Kru .................................................................................................. 63 E. Persiapan Alat ................................................................................. 68

4.1.2 Produksi .............................................................................................. 68 A. Hari Pertama ................................................................................... 68 B. Hari Kedua ...................................................................................... 70 C. Hari Ketiga ..................................................................................... 73 D. Hari Keempat ................................................................................. 74 E. Hari Kelima .................................................................................... 78 F. Hari Keenam ................................................................................... 79 G. Hari Ketujuh ................................................................................... 80 H. Teknik Pengambilan Gambar ......................................................... 81

4.1.3 Pascaproduksi ..................................................................................... 93 A. Pelaksanaan Pascaproduksi ............................................................ 93 B. Perubahan Naskah .......................................................................... 99 C. Anggaran ...................................................................................... 104

4.2 Evaluasi ....................................................................................................... 109 4.2.1. Praproduksi ...................................................................................... 110


xi

4.2.2. Produksi ........................................................................................... 110 4.2.3. Pascaproduksi .................................................................................. 110

BAB V SIMPULAN 5.1 Simpulan ..................................................................................................... 112 5.2 Saran ............................................................................................................ 113

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................................... 115 LAMPIRAN A ................................................................................................................ 118

Tabel Matriks Perencanaan Karya .................................................................. 129 Dokumentasi Proses Pembuatan Karya .......................................................... 120 Laporan Realisasi Anggaran ............................................................................. 121

LAMPIRAN B ................................................................................................................ 123 Lampiran Lembar Bimbingan .......................................................................... 124 Peta Kudus .......................................................................................................... 125 Transkrip Wawancara ...................................................................................... 127 Lampiran Lainnya ............................................................................................. 141


xii

DAFTAR TABEL

3.1 Tabel Alur Cerita Secara Garis Besar .................................................................. 32 3.2 Tabel Storyboard Film Dokumenter “Asap Di Ujung Zaman” .......................... 38 3.3 Tabel Perkiraan Alokasi Waktu Tahap Produksi ............................................... 51 3.4 Tabel Perkiraan Anggaran .................................................................................... 54 4.1 Tabel Shot List ........................................................................................................ 60 4.2 Tabel Perubahan Naskah ..................................................................................... 100 4.3 Tabel Realisasi Anggaran .................................................................................... 105


xiii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

3.1 Ilustrasi Opening ..................................................................................................... 38 3.2 Ilustrasi Intro (Bumper) ......................................................................................... 38 3.3 Ilustrasi Kota Kudus (Menara Kudus) ................................................................ 38 3.4 Ilustrasi Kudus Kota Kretek ................................................................................. 39 3.5 Ilustrasi Infografis Linimasa Kretek .................................................................... 39 3.6 Ilustrasi Rokok Klobot ........................................................................................... 40 3.7 Ilustrasi Cengkeh .................................................................................................... 40 3.8 Ilustrasi Stockshoot Perkebunan Cengkeh ........................................................... 40 3.9 Ilustrasi Produksi Cengkeh ................................................................................... 41 3.10 Ilustrasi Petani Cengkeh ........................................................................................ 41 3.11 Ilustrasi Rokok Kretek .......................................................................................... 42 3.12 Ilustrasi Stockshoot Cengkeh ................................................................................. 42 3.13 Ilustrasi Klobot (Kulit Jagung) ............................................................................. 42 3.14 Ilustrasi Rokok Klobot (2) ..................................................................................... 43 3.15 Ilustrasi Produksi Rokok Klobot .......................................................................... 43 3.16 Ilustrasi Produksi Rokok Klobot (2) .................................................................... 43 3.17 Ilustrasi Pabrik Sukun ........................................................................................... 44 3.18 Ilustrasi Jenis Rokok Sukun Lainnya .................................................................. 44 3.19 Ilustrasi Pelinting Klobot ....................................................................................... 45 3.20 Ilustrasi Pelinting Klobot (2) ................................................................................. 45 3.21 Ilustrasi Testimoni Klobot ..................................................................................... 45 3.22 Ilustrasi Kudus (Gunung Muria) .......................................................................... 46 3.23 Ilustrasi Interview Budayawan .............................................................................. 46 3.24 Ilustrasi Rokok Klobot (3) ..................................................................................... 46 3.25 Ilustrasi Penikmat Klobot ...................................................................................... 47 4.1 Buku Catatan ‘Tugas Akhir’ ................................................................................ 61 4.2 Breakdown Shot Harian di buku catatan ‘Tugas Akhir’ .................................... 62 4.3 Juru Kamera “Asap Di Ujung Zaman ................................................................. 64 4.4 Instastory Penulis .................................................................................................... 65 4.5 Garry Siauwanda ................................................................................................... 66 4.6 Boma Widiawan ..................................................................................................... 67 4.7 Maximilianus Wening Adhimukti Prasetyo ........................................................ 67 4.8 Penulis Beserta Deka Hendratmanto ................................................................... 70


xiv

4.9 Koleksi Museum Kretek Kudus ........................................................................... 72 4.10 Suasana Sekitar Kebun Cengkeh, Desa Menawan ............................................. 75 4.11 Cengkeh, Desa Menawan ...................................................................................... 75 4.12 Jagung, Desa Menawan ......................................................................................... 76 4.13 Menara Kudus ........................................................................................................ 77 4.14 Suasana Pelabuhan Jepara ................................................................................... 78 4.15 Wawancara Pemilik Warung Kecil ...................................................................... 79 4.16 Stok Klobot ............................................................................................................. 81 4.17 High Angle .............................................................................................................. 82 4.18 Low Angle ................................................................................................................ 83 4.19 Eye Level ................................................................................................................. 84 4.20 Frog eye ................................................................................................................... 84 4.21 Extreme Close-Up ................................................................................................... 85 4.22 Close-Up .................................................................................................................. 86 4.23 Medium Close-Up ................................................................................................... 86 4.24 Long Shot ................................................................................................................ 87 4.25 One Shot .................................................................................................................. 88 4.26 Group Shot .............................................................................................................. 88 4.27 Tilting ...................................................................................................................... 89 4.28 Panning ................................................................................................................... 90 4.29 Gerakan Objek ....................................................................................................... 90 4.30 Walk-In and Walk-away ......................................................................................... 91 4.31 Headroom ................................................................................................................ 92 4.32 Looking-Space ......................................................................................................... 92 4.33 Infografis Sukun .................................................................................................... 93 4.34 Infografis Klobot .................................................................................................... 94 4.35 Animasi Travel Map ............................................................................................... 95 4.36 Infografis Cengkeh ................................................................................................ 95 4.37 Footage Drone......................................................................................................... 96 4.38 Proses Selection Shot .............................................................................................. 98


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