peran pemeriksaan dna dalam identifikasi forensik

8/16/2019 Peran Pemeriksaan DNA Dalam Identifikasi Forensik

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Peran Pemeriksaan DNA dalam Identifikasi Forensik Ivanalia Soli Deo 102012359

B9

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN KRIDA WACANA

Koe!"on#en$ ivanalia%#eo&'(ail%)o(

Pendahuluan

Il(* +e#o+,ean -oen!i+ #i!e.*, /*'a il(* +e#o+,ean +ea+i(an (e*"a+an

!ala !a,* (a,a a/aan a/i. #ala( an'+aian "en#i#i+an +e#o+,ean #i In#one!ia

#i(ana "ea,*an "e*n#an'an (ea/i.+an !e,ia" #o+,e .ai+ #o+,e #o+,e !"e!iali!

+e#o+,ean -oen!i+ !"e!iali! +lini+ *n,*+ (e(.an,* (ela+!ana+an "e(ei+!aan

+e#o+,ean -oen!i+ .a'i +e"en,in'an "ea#ilan .ila(ana #i(in,a ole "oli!i

"eni#i+% Den'an #e(i+ian #ala( "ene'a+an +ea#ilan an' (enan'+*, ,*.*

+e!ea,an #an naa (an*!ia .an,*an #o+,e #en'an "en'e,a*an Il(* Ke#o+,ean

Foen!i+ #an 4e#i+ole'al an' #i(ili+ina a(a, #i"el*+an%1

Saa, ini !*. .i#an' #ai il(* +e#o+,ean -oen!i+ ai,* il(* +e#o+,ean Foen!i+

4ole+*le ,en'a .e+e(.an'% Il(* +e#o+,ean -oen!i+ (ole+*le (e*"a+an

.a'ian #ai il(* +e#o+,ean -oen!i+ an' (e(an-aa,+an "en'e,a*an +e#o+,ean

#an .iolo'i "a#a ,in'+a, (ole+*l a,a* DNA%

1

Den'an a#ana il(* +e#o+,ean-oen!i+ (ole+*le (a+a #a"a, (e(.an,* "eni#i+ *n,*+ (enen,*+an i#en,i,a!

"e!onal #en'an ,e"a,%2

a#a +e!e("a,an +ali ini #i#a"a,i +a!*!$ !eoan' "ee("*an A #a,an' +e An#a

#an (en)ei,a+an +el*anna% Ia !eoan' ani,a +aie #an ,ela .e!*a(i S #en'an

#*a ana+% e+ainan ,ela .elan'!*n' 12 ,a*n% a#a #*a .*lan an' lal* A ,ela

#i#a,an'i !eoan' "ee("*an (*#a B an' (en'a+* !e.a'ai 6i!,i 'ela"7 !*a(ina

8S #an ia (en'a,a+an .aa a+i.a, *.*n'anna #en'an S ,ela lai !eoan' ana+

la+i:la+i% B ,ela (e(in,a a'a S (a* (en'ainina !e)aa !a #e(i *n,*+

+e"en,in'an ana+ la+i:la+ina ,e,a"i S ,i#a+ !e,*/*% B (e(in,a +e"a#a A a'a (a*

(enei(ana !e.a'ai (a#*na a,a* !e,i#a+na (e(.ei na-+a .a'i ana+ la+i:

la+ina%

A +e(*#ian ,ela .e.i)aa !e)aa .ai+:.ai+ #en'an S ,en,an' al ini% S

(en'a+*i .aa 2 ,a*n an' lal* !ea+,* A !e#an' .e,*'a! +el*a ne'ei !ela(a ;

.*lan ia .e+enalan #en'an !eoan' ani,a (*#a #i !e.*a )a-e an' #ilan/*,+an

#en'an "e,e(*an #i o,el .e.ea"a +ali% S a+in .aa B .*+anla ani,a .ai+:.ai+

1

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_kedokteran&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perundangan&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dokterhttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dokter_spesialis_kedokteran_forensik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dokter_spesialis_kedokteran_forensik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Klinik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peradilan&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polisihttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_kedokteran&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perundangan&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dokterhttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dokter_spesialis_kedokteran_forensik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dokter_spesialis_kedokteran_forensik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Klinik&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peradilan&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polisi


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#an ia (en''an'a" .aa *.*n'an S #en'an B a#ala *.*n'an an' 6!o, ,i(e7

!a/a% A in'in a'a #o+,e #a"a, (e(a!,i+an a"a+a .ena ana+ la+i:la+i B a#ala

.ena .ea!al #ai *.*n'anna #en'an !*a(ina% A /*'a (e(in,a "en#a"a, #o+,e

a"a an' a*! #ila+*+anna a'a #a"a, ,ela+!ana "e(ei+!aan ,e!e.*,%

Be#a!a+an +a!*! ,e!e.*, (a+a "a#a +e!e("a,an +ali ini a+an #i.aa!

(en'enai -oen!i+ (ole+*le #an "e(ei+!aan DNA an' a+an (e(.an,* "o!e!

i#en,i-i+a!i !*a,* in#ivi#*% Diaa"an (elal*i (a+ala ini (aa!i!a FK U+i#a

#a"a, le.i (en'e,i (en'enai al:al ,e!e.*, #an +e(*#ian #a"a,

(en'a"li+a!i+anna #ala( +a!*! an' #i,ei(a !eai:ai%

Pembahasan

I. Aspek Hukum Medikolegal3

KUHP pasal 2!

1% Dian)a( #en'an "i#ana "en/aa "alin' la(a 9 .*lan

a% Seoan' "ia an' ,ela +ain an' (ela+*+an 'en#a+ 8ove!"el

"a#aal #i+e,a*i .aa "a!al 2< BW .ela+* .a'ina

.% Seoan' ani,a an' ,ela +ain an' (ela+*+an 'en#a+ "a#aal

#i+e,a*i .aa "a!al 2< BW .ela+* .a'ina

)% Seoan' "ia an' ,**, !e,a (ela+*+an "e.*a,an i,* "a#aal

#i+e,a*ina .aa an' ,**, .e!ala ,ela +ain

#% Seoan' ani,a an' ,ela +ain an' ,**, !e,a (ela+*+an "e.*a,an

i,* "a#aal #i+e,a*i olena .aa an' ,**, .e!ala ,ela +ain #an

"a!al 2< BW .ela+* .a'ina

2% Ti#a+ #ila+*+an "en*n,*,an (elain+an a,a! "en'a#*an !*a(i=i!,i an'

,e)e(a #an .ila(ana .a'i (ee+a .ela+* "a!al 2< BW #ala( ,en''an'

a+,* ,i'a .*lan #ii+*,i #en'an "e(in,aan .e)eai a,a* "i!a:(e/a #an

an/an' +aena ala!an i,* /*'a%

3% Tea#a" "en'a#*an ini ,i#a+ .ela+* "a!al


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II. "ahasia Kedokteran Forensik

Raa!ia +e#o+,ean a#ala !*a,* no(a an' !e)aa ,a#i!ional #ian''a" !e.a'ai

no(a #a!a an' (elin#*n'i *.*n'an #o+,e #en'an "a!ien%> o-e!i +e#o+,ean

.a* #a"a, .elan'!*' .ila a#a +eelaan "a!ien *n,*+ (en'*n'+a"+an +ea#aan

#iina ,e(a!*+ al:al an' a(a, "i.a#i% Ben,*+ "en'*n'+a"an #ii "a!ien #ala(

*.*n'anna #en'an "o-e!i +e#o+,ean (eli"*,i ,in#a+an ana(ne!a 8aan)aa

"e(ei+!aan -i!i+ #an "e(ei+!aan la.oa,,oi+% @al ini .ea,i !e(*a #a,a "i.a#ina

#i!ea+an "a#a ,an'an #o+,e an' (e(ei+!a 8.e!e,a !,a- (e#i! lainna% 1

Kea/i.an !eoan' #o+,e *n,*+ (eni("an aa!ia +e#o+,ean ,ela #ia,*

#ala( no 10 ,a*n 19;;% Dala( "ea,*an ,e!e.*, ,i#a+ #i.e#a+an an,aa aa!ia

/a.a,an +e#o+,ean a,a*+a aa!ia "e+e/aan +e#o+,ea% Te,a"i #ala( "en/ela!anna

a#a +e)en#e*n'an .aa an' #ia,* a#ala +e#*a:#*ana +aena !*.e+ #eli+ an' #ian)a( #ala( "a!a 322 KU@ a#ala (ee+a an' (e(.*+a aa!ia

"e+e/aan (a*"*n aa!ia /a.a,an%1

a!al 1 ea,*an e(ein,a No 10 ,a*n 19;; (e(.ei+an .a,a!an ,en,an'

an' #i(a+!*# #en'an aa!ia +e#o+,ean ai,* !e'ala !e!*a,* an' #i+e,a*i "a#a

a+,* a,a* !ela(a (ela+*+an "e+e/aan #i la"an'an +e#o+,ean% @al ini (eli"*,i

!e'ala -a+,a an' #i#a"a,+an !ela(a (enan'ani "a!ien (*lai #ai e(ei+!aan #an

#ia'no!a !a("ai #en'an "ena,ala+!anaanna% Sein''a al:al an' #i+e,a*i ,a"i

,i#a+ .e*.*n'an #en'an "e+e/aan .*+anla (e*"a+an aa!ia +e#o+,ean%1>

Kaena "ea,*an e(ein,a No 10 ,a*n 19;; #a"a, #i,ea"+an "a#a .i#an'

+e#o+,ean -oen!i+ (a+a *n,*+ (e(nen,*+an !ia"a !a/a an' a/i. (eni("an

a!a!ia +e#o+,ean -oen!+ #a"a, #i"a+ai "en/e.aan "a!al 3 No 10 ,a*n 19;;

,e!e.*,% Den'an #e(i+ian an' #ia*!+an (eni("an aa!ia a#alla$ #o+,e

!"e!iali!a!i +e#o+,ean -oen!i+ #o+,e 8*(*( #o+,e !"e!iali! +lini+ "e,*'a!

+a(a o"ea!i= +a(a "e(ei+!aan -oen!i+ (aa!ia -a+*l,a! +e#o+,ean an'

!e#an' (en/alani +e"ani,aan "e,*'a! +a(a /enaa "e,*'a! +a(a .e#a /enaa "e,*'a! la.oa,oi*( -oen!i+ "e,*'a! a#(ini!,a!i Vi!*( e, Re"e,*( #an "e,*'a!

lainna an' !e)aa lan'!*n' a,a* ,i#a+ lan'!*n' (en'e,a*i +e'ia,an "e(ei+!aan

-oen!i+%1

Ke,en,*an "a!al 50 KU@ an' (ena,a+an .aa !e!eoan' ,i#a+ a+an

#i"i#ana ole +aena (ela+*+an !*a,* "e.*a,an *n,*+ (en/alan+an *n#an':*n#an'

(e("e+*, "el*an' .a'i ,ena'a +e!ea,an #ala( +ea#aan #an !i,*a!i ,e,en,* #a"a,

(e(.*+a 6aa!ia +e#o+,ean7 ,an"a #ian)a( "i#ana% @al ini (en'a+i.a,+an

6.e.a!na7 "aa #o+,e ,ena'a a#(ini!,a!i +e!ea,an #ala( (e(.*a, vi!*( e,

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e"e,*( #an #ala( (ena("a+ai "ela"on ,enan' !,a,i!,i+ +e!ea,an "ena+i,

a.a #an +aan,ina%>

Ala!an lain an' (e("e.ole+an (e(.*+a aa!ia +e#o+,ean a#ala a#ana

i/in a,a* "e!e,*/*an a,a* +*a!a #ai "a!ien i,* !en#ii "ein,a /a.a,an #aa "a+!a

#an #ala( an'+a (e(.ela #ii% Selin ,i* e,i+a +e#o+,ean *(*(a (e(.ena+an

"e(.*+aan aa!ia +e#o+,ean !e)aa ,e.a,a! *n,*+ +e"en,in'an +on!*l,a!i

"o-e!iaonal "en#i#i+an #an "enei,ian% e(en+e! no 9a /*'a (e(.ei+an "el*an'

.a'i "en''*naaan e+a( (e#i! *n,*+ "en#i#i+an #an "eneli,ian%>

III. #tika Profesi Kedokteran

E,i+ 8 Ethics) .ea!a #ai +a,a *nani e,o! an' .ea,i a+la+ a#a, +e.ia!aan

a,a+ "ea!aan !i+a" an' .ai+ an' laa+% 4en**, KBBI e,i+a a#ala il(*

"en'e,*an ,en,an' aa! a+la+% 4en**, Ka(*! Ke#o+,ean e,i+a aala "en'e,*an

,en,an' "eila+* an' .ena #ala( !a,* "o#e!i% Dala( a,i le.i !e("i, "en'e,ian

e,i+a a#ala "e#o(an a,a* a,*an (oal *n,*+ (en/alan+an "o-e!i% I!,ila e,i+a #an

e,i+ !ein' #i"e,*+a+an "e(a+aianna #an ,i#a+ /ela! "e.e#aan an,aa +e#*ana

na(*n e,i+ #a"a, #ia,i+an !e.a'ai !e"ean'+a, a!a! a,a* nilai an' .e+ai,an #en'an

a+la+ !e"e,i #ala( Ko#e E,i+ !e(n,aa e,i+a a#ala il(* an' (e("ela/ai aa!

a+la+%5

o-e!i !en#ii .ea!a #ai .aa!a la,in professio an' .ea,i "en'a+*an a,a*

"ena,aan "*.li+% 4en**, o!ne "o-e!i (e*"a+an !*a,* "e+e/aan an' ,i#a+

ana (e(.*,*+an "en'e,a*an "en'ala(n #an +e)e#a!an *(*( ,e,a"i /*'a

"en'*a!aan +*!*! an' (e*"a+an a.!,a+!i #ai il(* "en'e,a*an a,a* .e.ea"a

.i#an' lain an' #ia+i (e(ili+i !,*+,* in,ele+,*al% Dala( .i#an' +e!ea,an

"o-e!i +e#o+,ean !*#a #i+enal !e/a+ a#a (an*!ia an' (ea!a !a+i,%;

a+,i+ +e#o+,ean #ai #a*l* !a"ai !e+aan' #i"an#* .e#a!a+an "in!i" e,i+

ai,* nil nocere (do no harm) #an bonum facere (do good for the patients). in!i"

e,i+ ,e!e.*, ,ela #i,ea"+an !e.a'ai no(a e,i+ +e#o+,eann an' !e.enana ,ela

#i"e'*na+an !e/a+ a#ana oan' #ala( (a!aa+a, an' (e("*nai ,*'a!

(en'o.a,i oan' !a+i,% Wala*"*n ,i#a+ ,e,*i! no(a ini (en''ai!+an +ela+*+an

oan' an' (en'o.a,i ,ea#a" oan' an' #io.a,ina%;

Dian,aa no(a ,e!e.*, no(a ,e,*a #an ,ela #i'ai!+an a#ala !*("a #o+,e

@in#* an' #i,*li! "a#a ,a*n 1500 !e.el*( 4a!ei% In,i #ai !*("a ,e!e.*,

a#ala$ /an'an (e*'i+an "en#ei,a an' !e#an' #io.a,i% Se,ela i,* #i+enal !*("a

@i""o)a,e! an' (e(*a, aa!:aa! e,i+a (e#i! ai,* +ea/i.an .e.*a, .ai+

+ea/i.an *n,*+ ,i#a+ (eni(.*l+an )e#ea a,a* (eni(.*l+an +e*'ian "a#a "a!ien

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+ea/i.an .e.*#i #an .e"ila+* l** +ea/i.an (en'o(a,i i#*" in!ani !e/a+

(a!i #ala( +an#*n'an aa! ,i#a+ !ea+a #an (ena#ai +e,e.a,a!an #ii !en#ii

#an aa! (en/a'a +eaa!iaan "a!ien%;

@*.*n'an #o+,e:"a!ien (e*"a+an ,*n/an' "a+,e+ +e#o+,ean #an a!a! +e"a#a

e,i+a +e#o+,ean% De+laa!i eneva (ena,a+an .aa !eoan' #o+,e a*!

(ele,a++an +e!ea,an "a!ienna !e.a'ai "e+aa an' "alin' *,a(a% Ko#e E,i+ 4e#i!

In,ena!ional "*la (ena,a+an .aa !eoan' #o+,e a/i. (e(.ei+an "elaanan

,e.ai+ !e!*ai !aana an' ,e!e#ia a,a! +e"e)aaan an' ,ela #i.ei+an "a!ien

+e"a#ana% in!i" *,a(a (oal "o-e!i a#ala autonomy, beneficence, non

maleficence #an justice. in!i" ,**nanna "*la a#ala veracity 8(e(.ei+an

+e,ean'an an' .ena fidelity 8+e!e,iaan privacy, #an confidentiality 8(en/a'a

+eaa!iaan%5

@*.*n'an #o+,e:"a!ien "a#a aalna (e*"a+an *.*n'an "a,enali!,i) #en'an

(e(e'an' "in!i" beneficence !e.a'ai "in!i" *,a(a% Na(*n )aa ini #i+a,a+an

(en'a.ai+an a+ autonomy "a!ien !ein''a !e+aan' le.i (e*/*+ +e"a#a ,eoi

social contract #en'an #o+,e #an "a!ien !e.a'ai "ia+ .e.a! an' !alin' (en'a'ai

#ala( (e(.*a, +e"*,*!an% Do+,e .e,an''*n'/aa. a,a! !e'ala +e"*,*!an ,e+ni!

!e#an'+an "a!ien (e(e'an' +en#ali +e"*,*!an "en,in' ,e*,a(a an' ,e+ai, #en'an

nilai (oal #an 'aa i#*" "a!ien% @*.*n'an #o+,e:"a!ien an' .ai+ (e(el*+an

+e"e)aaan% 4a+a #en'an (e(e'an' "a#a #a!a +e"e)aaan "a!ien ,ea#a"

#o+,e an' (eaa,na !eoan' #o+,e ,i#a+ .ole (en/alin *.*n'an #i l*a

.i#an' "o-e!ina #en'an "a!ien an' !e#an' #iaa,%5

I$. Identifikasi Forensik %

I#en,i-i+a!i -oen!i+ a#ala *"aa an' #ila+*+an #en'an ,*/*an (e(.an,*

"eni#i+ *n,*+ (enen,*+an i#en,i,a! !e!eoan'% I#en,i-i+a!i "e!onal !ein'

(e*"a+an !*a,* (a!ala #ala( +a!*! "i#ana (a*"*n "e#a,a% 4ene,*+an

i#en,i-i+a!i "e!onal #en'an ,e"a, !an'a, "en,in' #ala( "eni#i+an +aena a#ana

+e+eli*an #a"a, .ea+i.a, -a,al #ala( "o!e! "ea#ilan% ean il(* +e#o+,ean

-oen!i+ #ala( i#en,i-i+a!i ,e*,a(a "a#a /enaa ,i#a+ #i+enal /enaa an'

(e(.*!*+ ,e.a+a #an .en)ana ala( an' (en'a+i.a,+an .ana+ +o.an

(enin''al !e,a "o,on'an ,*.* (an*!ia a,a* +ean'+a%

Den'an #i+e,a*ina /a,i #ii +o.an "ia+ "eni#i+ #a"a, (ela+*+an "ei#i+an

*n,*+ (en'*n'+a" +a!*! (en/a#i le.i ,eaa ole +aena !e)aa +i(inolo'i! "a#a

*(*(na a#a *.*n'an an,aa "ela+* #en'an +o.anna% Den'an #i+e,a*ina /a,i

#ii +o.an "eni#i+ a+an le.i (*#a (e(.*a, !a,* #a-,a #ai oan':oan' an'

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"a,*, #i)*i'ai% Da-,a ,e!e.*, aan le.i #i"e+e)il la'i .ila #i+e,a*i !aa, +e(a,ian

+o.an !e,a ala, an' #i"a+ai ole ,e!an'+a "ela+* +e/aa,an%

4e,o#e an' .ia!a #i'*na+an ,e#ii #ai$

1% 4e,o#a vi!*al #en'an (e("ea,i+an #en'an )e(a, a,a! +o.an ,e*,a(a

a/ana oel "ia+ +el*a'a a,a* e+an #e+a,na a(+a /a,i #ii +o.an

#a"a, #i+e,a*i%

2% a+aian "en)a,a,an an' ,eli,i a,a! "a+aian .aan an' #i"a+ai (o#e !e,a

a#aa ,*li!an:,*li!an !e"e,i$ (ee+ "a+aian "en/ai, la*n# a,a* in,ial

na(a #a"a, (e(.ei+an in-o(a!i an' .ea'a (ili+ !ia"a+a "a+aian

,e!e.*,%

3% eia!an an,in':an,in' +al*n' 'elan' !e,a )in)in an' a#a "a#a ,*.*

+o.an +*!*!na .ila "a#a "eia!an i,* ,e#a"a, ini,ial na(a !eoan' an'

.ia!ana ,e#a"a, "a#a .a'ian #ala( #ai 'elan' a,a* )in)in a+an (e(.an,*

#o+,e a,a* "ia+ "eni#i+ #i #ala( (enen,*+an i#en,i,a! +o.an%

>% Do+*(en +a,* ,an#a "en#*#*+ !*a, iin (en'e(*#i "a!"o +a,*

'olon'an #aa ,an#a "e(.aaan an' #i,e(*+an #ala( #o("e, a,a* ,a!

+o.an #a"a, (en*n/*++an /a,i #ii +o.an%

5% 4e#i! "e(ei+!aan -i!i+ !e)aa +e!el**an an' (eli"*,i .en,*+ ,*.*

,in''i #an .ea, .a#an ana ,iai (a,aa#ana )a)a, ,*.* !e,a +elainan

.aaan /ain'an "a*, .e+a! o"ea!i !e,a a#ana ,a,,o #a"a, (e(a!,i+an

!ia"a /a,i #ii +o.an%

;% i'i .en,*+ 'i'i #an .en,*+ aan' (e*"a+an )ii +*!*! #ai !e!eoan'

!e#e(i+ian +*!*!na !ein''a #a"a, #ia+,a+an i#a+ a#a 'i'i a,a* aan'

an' i#en,i+ "a#a #*a oan' an' .e.e#a (en/a#i+an "e(ei+!aan 'i'i ini

(e("*nai nilai an' ,in''i #ala( al "enen,*an /a,i #ii !e!eoan'%


7/19

#i/a#i+an !,an#a *,a(a ole ,i( inve!,i'a!i #ala( (en'*n'+a" !ia"a+a

+o.an (a*"*n "ela+* ,in#a+ "i#ana% Selan/*,na "enea"an ,e+nlo'i DNA

a+an #i.aa! #i !*..a. !elan/*,na%

$. Dasar Hukum Identifikasi Forensik &a!al 13 Ki,a. Un#an' Un#an' @*+*( A)aa i#ana 8KU@A (ene'a!+an

.aa$ 6@a+i( ,i#a+ .ole (en/a,*+an "i#ana +e"a#a !eoan' +e)*ali a"a.ila

#en'an !e+*an':+*an'na #*a ala, .*+,i an' !a ia (e("eole +ea+inan .aa

,e#a+ala an' .e!ala (ela+*+anna7%

Dala( "a!al 1> KU@A (en'a,* !e.a'ai .ei+*,$

81 Ala, .*+,i an' !a iala $

a% Ke,ean'an !a+!i

.% Ke,ean'an ali

)% S*a,#% e,*n/*+

e% Ke,ean'an ,e#a+a

82 @al an' !e)aa *(*( !*#a #i+e,a*i ,i#a+ "el* #i.*+,i+an

$I. 'es DNA

Te! DNA a#ala !ala !a,* ,e+ni+ .iolo'i (ole+*le "enan#a 'ene,i+ an'

#i"a+ai *n,*+ "en'*/ian ,ea#a" (a,ei "o-il DNA ai,* !ei("*nan #a,a an'

(en''a(.a+an !*!*nan DNA an' #ian''a" +a! *n,*+ in#ivi#* an' (en/a#i

!a("elna% @ana !e.a'ian +e)il .e+a! DNA an' #i"a+ai *n,*+ "en'*/ian !e"e,i

.a'ian DNA an' .ei!i "en'*lan'an **,an .a!a 8vaia.le n*(.e ,an#a( e"ea,! =

VNRT%<

Te! DNA ini !an'a, #i"e)aa #an !*#a #ia+*i +ea.!aanna #a"a,

(en'i#en,i-i+a!i !e!eoan' #en'an +ea+*a,an (en)a"ai 100 !ein''a .ana+

#i(an-aa,+an #ala( anali!i! "ia+ +e"oli!ian (a*"*n "en'a#ilan +*!*na *n,*+

(e(.an,* (en'*n'+a" !*a,* "e+aa% A#ana +e!alaan .aa +e(ii"an "ola

DNA .i!a ,e/a#i !e)aa an#o( 8+e.e,*lan !an'a, +e)il +e(*n'+inanna ai,*

#en'an "el*an' !a,* #ian,aa !a,* /*,a% ?i+a"*n ,e#a"a, +e!alaan i,* #i!e.a.+an ole

-a+,o *(an eo ,e*,a(a "a#a +e!alaan in,e"e,a!i -a'(en:-a'(en DNA ole

o"ea,o 8(an*!ia%<

DNA an' .ia!a #i'*na+an #ala( ,e! a#ala ):DNA #an (,:DNA% Sa("el DNA

an' "alin' a+*a, #i'*na+an #ala( ,e! a#ala ):DNA +aena in,i !el ,i#a+ .i!a

.e*.a% Se(en,aa (,:DNA #a"a, .e*.a +aena .ea!al #ai 'ai! +e,**nan i.*

an' #a"a, .e*.a !eiin' #en'an "e+ainan +e,**nanna% Na(*n +e*ni+an #ai

"ola "eai!an (,:DNA ,e!e.*, !e+ali'*! (en/a#i +ele.ianna !ein''a (,:DNA

7


8/19

#a"a, #i/a#i+an !e.a'ai marker 8"enan#a *n,*+ ,e! DNA #ala( *"aa

(en'i#en,i-i+a!i *.*n'an +e+ea.a,an !e)aa (a,enal%

Te! DNA "a#a *(*(na #i'*na+an *n,*+ 2 ,*/*an ai,*$ ,*/*an "i.a#i !e"e,i

"enen,*an "ealian ana+ a,a* "enen,*an oan' ,*a #ai ana+ 8Te! a,eni,a! #an

,*/*an *+*( an' (eli"*,i (a!ala -oen!i+ !e"e,i i#en,i-i+a!i +o.an an' ,ela

an)* (a*"*n *n,*+ "e(.*+,ian +a!*! +e/aa,an !e(i!al +a!*! "e(e+o!aan a,a*

"e(.*n*an%

Te! "a,eni,a! a#ala "e(ei+!aan an' #ila+*+an *n,*+ (en'e,a*i a"a+a

!eoan' "ia a#ala aa .iolo'i! #ai !eoan' ana+% 4e,o#e ,e! "a,eni,a! ,e.a'i a,a!

(e,o#e anali!i! DNA #an (e,o#e +onven!ional% Te! "a,eni,a! #en'an (en''*na+an

anali!i! DNA (e*"a+an anali!i! in-o(a!i 'ene,i+ an' !an'a, !"e!i-i+ #ala(

(e(.e#a+an )ii !e,ia" in#ivi#* !ein''a #a"a, (e(a!,i+an 8a("i 100 .aa!e!eoan' a#ala aa .iolo'i! !i ana+ a,a* .*+an% Se#an'+an (e,o#e +onven!ional

#en'an anali!i! -eno,i" #i.a'i (en/a#i ,i'a ai,*

1% Si!,e( !el #aa (ea ,e#ii #ai$ !i!,e( ABO Re!*! 8R 4NS Kell 8K

D*-- 8F Ki## 8?+ L*,ean%

2% Si!,e( .io+i(ia (eli"*,i "e(ei+!aan "la!(a "o,ein #an eni( !el #aa

(ea ,e#ii #ai$ a",o'lo.in 8@" "o!"o'l*)o(an,aie 84 E!,ea!e

D 8E!D E,o),e A)i# o!"a,a!e 8EA loGala!e 8LO A#eno!ine

Dea(ina!e 8ADA A#enla,e Kina!e 8AK o*" !"e)i-i) Co("onen, 8C

( #an K4%

3. @*(an Le*)o),e An,i'en 8@LA an' (en'i#en,i-i+a!i an,i'en "a#a

le*+o!i,%

A. (ampel dan Pen)iapan (ampel untuk 'es DNA*

@a("i !e(*a !a("el .iolo'i! ,*.* !e"e,i #aa #an .e)a+ #aa !e(inal

)aian va'inal #an .e)a+ +ein' a(.*, 8.ai+ a(.*, len'+a" #en'an a+ana

a,a* ana .a,an' a(.*, e"i,el .i.i 8(i!al "a#a "*n,*n' o+o+ !el .*))al

,*lan' 'i'i !aliva #en'an n*+le*! 8"a#a a("lo" "ean'+o )an'+i *ine -e)e!

+eo+an +*+* /ain'an o,o, +e,o(.e !i#i+ /ai a,a* "a#a "eala,an "i.a#i #a"a,

#i'*na+an *n,*+ !a("el ,e! DNA ,e,a"i an' !ein' #i'*na+an a#ala #aa

a(.*, *!a"an (*l*, "a#a "i"i .a'ian #ala( 8buccal swab #an +*+*% Un,*+

+a!*!:+a!*! -oen!i+ !a("el !"e(a #a'in' ,*lan' +*li, ai li* a,a* !a("el

8


9/19

.iolo'i! lain an' #i,e(*+an #i ,e("a, +e/a#ian "e+aa 8TK #a"a, #i/a#i+an

!a("el ,e! DNA%

Taa" "en'a(.ilan #an "eni("anan .aan a,a* !a("el (e*"a+an ,aa"an

an' vi,al #an a*! #ila+*+an #en'an "in!i":"in!i" #i .aa ini$

1% @in#ai ,e("a, an' ,e+on,a(ina!i DNA #en'an ,i#a+ (enen,* o./e+

!e)aa lan'!*n' #en'an ,an'an ,i#a+ .e!in a,a* .a,*+ #i #e+a, .aan'

.*+,i%

2% 4en''*na+an !a*n' ,an'an .e!i *n,*+ "en'*("*lan .aan' .*+,i%

Sa*n' ,an'an a*! #i'an,i *n,*+ !e,ia" "enan'anan .aan' .*+,i an'

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3% Se,ia" .aan' .*+,i a*! #i!i("an ,e"i!a%

>% Be)a+ #aa .e)a+ !"e(a #an .e)a+ lainna a*! #i+ein'+an #a*l*

!e.el*( #i!i("an%

5% Sa("el a*! #i!i("an "a#a a("lo" a,a* +e,a! !e,ela #i+ein'+an% ?an'an

(en''*na+an .aan "la!,i+ +aena "la!,i+ #a"a, (e("e)e"a, #e'a#a!i

(ole+*l DNA% Se,ia" a("lo" a*! #i,an#ai no(o +a!*! no(o .*+,i

a+,* "en'*("*lan%

;% Be)a+ "a#a "e(*+aan (e/a a,a* lan,ai #a"a, #ia(.il #en'an !a. +a"a!

!,eil #an al+ool% Kein'+an +a"a! ,e!e.*, !e.el*( #i.aa%

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#ala( freezer .e!** :20oC% Sa("el an' a+an #i'*na+an #ala( a+,*

an' la(a #a"a, #i!i("an #ala( !** :


10/19

2% Daa #an .e)a+ #aa 8!e"e,i #aa "a#a "a+aian +a"e, ,e("a, ,i#*

"e.an%

: Daa

o Daa )ai #ai !e!eoan'%

A(.il #en'an (en''*na+an !e("i,%

4a!*++an +e #ala( ,a.*n' an' #i.ei+an "en'ae, EDTA H

1 (l #aa%

Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el !i("an

#ala( ,e(o! e! le(ai e! a,a* +ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

o Daa )ai #i TK%

A(.il #en'an (en''*na+an !e("i, "i"e, a,a* +ain%

4a!*++an +e #ala( ,a.*n' an' .ei!i+an "en'ae, EDTA%

Bila (e(.e+* a(.il #en'an (en''*na+an !"al,el% Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el !i("an

#i ,e(o! e! le(ai e! a,a* +ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

o Daa )ai #ala( ai=!al/*=e!%

Se!e'ea (*n'+in a(.il !e)*+*"na (a!*++an +e #ala(

.o,ol%

@in#ai +on,a(ina!i .ei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al

"en'a(.ilan !a("el !i("an a,a* +ii( +e la.%

: Be)a+ #aa .a!a%

o Di,e(*+an "a#a "a+aian

a+aian #en'an no#a #i,e("a,+an "a#a "e(*+aan .e!i #an

+ein'+an%

Se,ela +ein' (a!*++an +an,on' +e,a! a,a* a("lo"%

Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el +ii( +e

la.oa,oi*(%

o Di,e(*+an "a#a .en#a%

Bila .en#a +e)il .ia+an +ein' ,e,a"i "a#a .en#a .e!a i!a"

.e)a+ ,e!e.*, #en'an +ain +a,*n #an +ein'+an%

4a!*++an a("lo" .ei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al

"en'a(.ilan !a("el #an +ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

o Di,e(*+an "a#a +a"e, a,a* .en#a an' #a"a, #i"o,on'%

o,on' .a'ian an' a#a no#ana%

Tia" "o,on'an #i.ei la.el an' /ela! !e,a+an "o,on'an an'

,i#a+ a#a no#ana !e.a'ai +on,ol%

Kii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

o e)i+an #aa +ein' *na+an )elo,a"e ,e("el+an "a#a "e)i+an no#a%

10


11/19

4a!*++an )elo,a"e ,e!e.*, +e#ala( +an,on' "la!,i+%

Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el +ii( +e

la.oa,oi*(%

3% S"e(a #an .e)a+ !"e(a%

: S"e(a )ai%a% @i!a" #en'an !e("i, (a!*++an +e #ala( ,a.*n'%

.% A,a* #en'an +a"a! +ein'+an%

)% Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el lal* +ii(

+e la.oa,oi*(%

: Be)a+ !"e(a "a#a .en#a an' #i"in#a 8(i!alna "a#a )elana%

a% Bila (a!i .a!a +ein'+an%

.% Bila +ein' "o,on' "a#a .a'ian an' a#a no#ana #an (a!*++an

+e #ala( a("lo"%

)% Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el lal* +ii(

+e la.oa,oi*(%

: Be)a+ !"e(a "a#a .en#a .e!a an' .i!a #i"o,on' 8(i!alna "a#a

+a"e,%

o o,on' "a#a .a'ian an' .eno#a%

o 4a!*++an +e #ala( a("lo"%

o Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el lal*

+ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

: Be)a+ "a#a .en#a an' ,i#a+ #a"a, #i"in#a #an ,i#a+ (enea"

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o Li"a, +e,a! in''a (e(.*n'+*! +eo+an (a!*++an +e #ala(

a("lo"%

o Bei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el lal*

+ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

4. Uine !aliva #an )aian ,*.* an' lain%

: Sa("el )ai

a% Uine a,a* !aliva #i(a!*++an +e #ala( ,e("a, !,eil%

.% Si("an #i "en#in'in .ei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el lal* +ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

: Be)a+ *ine !aliva

a% D*'aan no#a #i+eo+ a,a* "o,on' lal* +*("*l+an%

.% 4a!*++an a("lo" .ei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al

"en'a(.ilan !a("el lal* +ii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

5% Ra(.*, #an 'i'i%

: Ra(.*,%

a% Ca.*, .e.ea"a elai a(.*, 810:15 elai #en'an a+ana%

@a,i:a,i .ila ,e)a("* #en'an #aa

11


12/19

.% Te("a,+an "a#a a#a .ei la.el an' /ela! #an ,an''al

"en'a(.ilan !a("el% Kii( +e la.oa,oi*(%

: *l"a i'i

a% Ca.*, 'i'i an' (a!i *,*% Sa("el 'i'i !e.ai+na ,i#a+

#i*!a+ ole en#o#on,ia% .% 4a!*++an +e #ala( +an,on' "la!,i+ .ei la.el an' /ela! #an

,an''al "en'a(.ilan !a("el%

+. 'eknik 'es DNA10

%. "estri,tion Fragment -ength Pol)morphism "F-P/

Te+ni+ "e,a(a an' #i'*na+an anali!a DNA #ala( .i#an' -oen!i+

a#ala RFL% oli(o-i!(e an' #ina(a+an Restriction ragment !eght

"olymorphism 8RFL a#ala !*a,* "oli(o-i!(e DNA an' ,e/a#i a+i.a,

vaia!i "an/an' -a'(en DNA !e,ela #i"o,on' #en'an eni( e,i+!i ,e,en,*

(en/a#i -a'(en #ariable $umber %f &andem Repeat (#$&R% Te+ni+ ini

#ila+*+an #en'an (e(an-aa,+an !*a,* eni( e!,i+!i an' (a("* (en'enal

**,an .a!a ,e,en,* #an (e(o,on' DNA 8.ia!ana >:; **,an .a!a% U*,an

.a!a ,e!e.*, #i!e.*, !e.a'ai recognition se'uence%

Eni( e!,i+!i ini #ia!il+an ole .a+,ei #an #ina(a+an (en**, !"e!ie!

.a+,ei an' (en'a!il+anna% Eni( an' .e.e#a (e(ili+i recognition se'uence an' .e.e#a !ein''a "an/an' !e'(en ,e!e.*, .evaia!i "a#a ,ia"

oan' al ini #i!e.a.+an +aena ,i,i+ "o,on' eni( an' .e.e#a #an "an/an'

!e'(en an,aa ,i,i+ "o,on' /*'a .e.e#a%

Anali!a an' #ia!il+an a#ala vaia!i "a#a "an/an' -a'(en DNA an'

,ela #i,en,*+an% Se,ela !ele!ai "ola RFL ,a("a+ !e"e,i +o#e .a,an' 8bar

code% Saa, (e(.an#in'+an a!il anali!a #*a !a("el "ola .a,an' "a#a

a*,oa#io'a- #i.an#in'+an *n,*+ (enen,*+an a"a+a +e#*a !a("el ,e!e.*,

.ea!al #ai !*(.e an' !a(a%

2. Pol)merase 0hain "ea,tion P0"/

4e,o#e "olymerase hain Reaction 8CR a#ala !*a,* (e,o#e *n,*+

(e("e.ana+ DNA ,e("la,e ,e,en,* #en'an eni( "ol(ea!e DNA%

Rea+!i ,e+ni+ ini #i#e!ain !e"e,i (eni* "en''an#aan a,a* e"li+a!i DNA

an' ,e/a#i #ala( (a+l*+ i#*" ana "a#a !e'(en ,e,en,* #en'an

.an,*an eni( DNA "ol(ea!e !e.ana+ 20 in''a >0 !i+l*! 8*(*(na 30!i+l*! #en'an ,in'+a, a+*a!i an' ,in''i% o!e! ini .elan'!*n' !e)aa in:

12


13/19

vi,o #ala( ,a.*n' ea+!i !e.e!a 200 l% Wala*"*n #en'an !a("el DNA an'

!e#i+i, a,a* !*#a (*lai ,e#e'a#a!i CR (a("* (en''an#a+an a,a*

(en'+o"i DNA ,e("la,e in''a (iliaan +ali /*(la !e(*la !ein''a #a"a,

#i"eole in-o(a!i%

Sa("el DNA an' #i!ia"+an *n,*+ (e,o#e CR #a"a, #ianali!a

(en''*na+an .e.ea"a )aa% Se)aa *(*( vaia!i "e lo+*! !a("el DNA

an' #i!ia"+an (elal*i CR le.i en#a #ai"a#a vaia!i "a#a RFL% Den'an

#e(i+ian a!il #a"a, #i"eole #ai !a("el an' +*an' !e)aa +*ali,a!

(a*"*n +*an,i,a! na(*n +e+*a,an #i!+i(ina!ina le.i en#a #en'an

/*(la lo+*! an' !a(a% Ke+*a,an (e,o#e Anali!a CR a#ala +e(a("*an

*n,*+ (en'anali!a .e.ea"a lo+*! !e)aa .e!a(aan #en'an "o!e! an'

o,o(a,i!%

&. (hort 'andem "epeats ('"s/

4e,o#e STR! 8So, Tan#e( Re"ea,! a#ala !ala !a,* (e,o#e anali!i!

an' .e#a!a "a#a (e,o#e ol(ea!e Cain Rea),ion 8CR% STR! 8So,

Tan#e( Re"ea, a#ala !*a,* i!,ila 'ene,i+ an' #i'*na+an *n,*+

(en''a(.a+an **,an DNA "en#e+ 82 J 5 "a!an'an .a!a an' #i*lan'%

eno(e !e,ia" (an*!ia (en'an#*n' a,*!an STR!% 4e,o#e ini "alin' .ana+

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#i!+i(ina!i an' ,in''i% Den'an (e,o#e STR! #a"a, (e(ei+!a !a("el DNA

an' *!a+ a,a* #i.aa !,an#a +aena *+*an -a'(en DNA an'

#i"e.ana+ ole CR ana .e+i!a an,aa 200 J 500 "a!an'an .a!a% Na(*n

(e,o#e STR! (e(ili+i +ele(aan ai,* (en!aa,+an "en''*naan ,i'a .ela!

lo+*! !e#an'+an DNA in,i ana (e(li+i #*a !alinan (ole+*l #ala( !e,ia"

!el% @al ini (en*li,+an *n,*+ (en'anali!i! +e,i'a.ela! lo+*! ,e!e.*,

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!. 1(hort 'andem "epeats 1('"s/

:STR! a#ala STR! an' #i,e(*+an "a#a +o(o!o( % :STR! #a"a,

#i"ei+!a (en''*na+an /*(la !a("el +e)il #an *!a+ #en'an (e,o#e #an

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(enain' in-o(a!i 'ene,i+ an' !"e!i-i+ #ai "ia an' an' (en/a#i

!a("el%

3. Mito,hondrial DNA mtDNA/

13


14/19

A"li+a!i "en''*naan (,:DNA #ala( i#en,i-i+a!i -oen!i+ #i(*lai "a#a

,a*n 1990% 4i,o+on#ia a#ala "a,i+el in,a!el*la an' ,e#a"a, #i l*a

n*+le*! #ala( !i,o"la!(a !el% 4i,o+on#ia (en'an#*n' DNA +e)il .e*"a

(ole+*l .e.en,*+ !i+*la an' ,e#ii #ai 1;5;9 "a!an'an .a!a an' #a"a,

#ii#en,i-i+a!i% Se,ia" !el (en'an#*n' 100 J 1000 (i,o+on#ia%

4. 05DI( 0ombined DNA Inde6 ()stem/

CODIS (e*"a+an anali!i! DNA an' .a* #i+e(.an'+an FBI% FBI

(e(ili 13 STR an' #i'*na+an !e.a'ai #ee,an lo+*! *,a(a !,an#a #an

(enin'+a,+an "en'e(.an'an +e(a("*an la.oa,*i*( *n,*+ (ela+*+an

"e(ei+!aan "a#a lo+*! ,e!e.*,% La.oa,oi*( #i !el** #*nia (en''*na+an

lo+*! an' !a(a% en'*("*lan 13 lo+*! *,a(a (enin'+a,+an +e(a("*an

#i!+i(ina!i% Ke(*n'+inan #i,e(*+an +e)o)o+an an,aa #*a oan' an' ,i#a+

.e*.*n'an .e#a!a+an an#o( #i Ca*)a!ian A(ei+a a#ala !a,* #ian,aa

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an' a+an #ianali!a "ola STR na% Taa" ,ea+i a#ala DNA .ea#a #ala(

,aa"an ,"in' "o!e! ini #i(a+!*#+an *n,*+ (e("eole ,i"e DNA% 4e!in CR

a+an (e(.a)a #a,a:#a,a DNA #an (ena("il+anna #ala( .en,*+ an'+a:an'+a

#an 'a(.a:'a(.a i#en,i-i+a!i DNA% ene,a"an a!il ,e! DNA ini #ila+*+an

(en)o)o++an ,i"e DNA +o.an #en'an ,i"e DNA "ia+ ,e)*i'ai a,a* #en'an ,i"e

DNA an' ,ela ,e!e#ia #ala( #a,a.a!e% ?i+a #ai "e(.a)aan #i"eole ,in'+a,

o(olo' (ele.ii a(.an' an' #i,e,a"+an 8(i!al 90 (a+a #a"a, #i"a!,i+an

+o.an a#ala +ea.a, "ia+ ,e)*i'ai%

a#a +a!*! "a,eni,a! (a*"*n (a,eni,a! a!il anali!i! la.oa,oi*( 8"o-il

DNA a+an ,elia, .e*"a "i,a:"i,a DNA an' ,e#a"a, "a#a 'el "olia+ila(i#%

i,a DNA ana+ +e(*#ian #i.an#in'+an #en'an "i,a DNA aa #an i.*na% Da"a,

#ilia, .aa (a!in':(a!in' oan' (e(ili+i #*a "i,a !e.a'ai e"e!en,a!i #*a alel

an' (en''a(.a+an DNA "a#a !a,* "a!an' +o(o!o(% Sala !a,* "i,a "a#a

+olo( DNA ana+ !a(a ,in''i #en'an !ala !a,* "i,a i.* an' (en*n/*++an alel

,e!e.*, .ea!al #ai i.* a,ina "i,a ana+ an' +e#*a .ea!al #ai "ia+ aa

,elia, .aa !ala !a,* "i,a aa !a(a ,in''i #en'an "i,a +e#*a ana+% Ke(*#ian

#ila+*+an "ei,*n'an !,a,i!,i+ !ein''a #a"a, #ia(.il +e!i("*lan .aa "ia

,e!e.*, +e(*n'+inan .e!a a#ala aa #en'an +e(*n'+inan !e+ian "e!en

#i.an#in'+an #en'an oan' lain #ala( a! an' !a(a%

$II. Metode -ain dalam Identifikasi Forensik 11

A. (istem A+5

Si!,e( "en''olon'an #aa an' "alin' ,e+enal #an !e)aa (e#i! "en,in'

#an "e,a(a +ali #i(an-aa,+an *n,*+ ,e! "a,eni,a! a#ala !i!,e( ABO% Si!,e(

'olon'an #aa ABO #i,e(*+an "a#a ,a*n 1900 #an 1901 #i Unive!i,a!

Vienna ole Kal Lan#!,aine% Dala( !i!,e( ABO 'olon'an #aa

#i+elo("o++an (en/a#i e("a, ai,* 'olon'an #aa A B AB #an O%

olon'an #aa #i#a!a+an "a#a /eni! an,i'en #an an,i.o#i an' ,e+an#*n'

#ala( #aana !e.a'ai .ei+*,$

1% olon'an #aa A (e(ili+i !el #aa (ea #en'an an,i'en A #i

"e(*+aan (e(.an !elna #an (en'a!il+an an,i.o#i ,ea#a"

an,i'en B #ala( !e*( #aana%

2% olon'an #aa B (e(ili+i an,i'en B "a#a "e(*+aan !el #aa

(eana #an (en'a!il+an an,i.o#i ,ea#a" an,i'en A "a#a !e*(

#aana%

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3% olon'an #aa AB (e(ili+i !el #aa (ea #en'an an,i'en A #an B

!e,a ,i#a+ (en'a!il+an an,i.o#i ,ea#a" an,i'en A (a*"*n an,i'en

B%

>% olon'an #aa O (e(ili+i !el #aa ,an"a an,i'en ,e,a"i

(e("o#*+!i an,i.o#i ,ea#a" an,i'en A #an B%

e(ei+!aan 'olon'an #aa ABO !an'a, (*#a #ila+*+an #an ,i#a+

(aal !e,a ana (e(.*,*+an !e#i+i, !a("el #aa% Se*( an'

(en'an#*n' an,i.o#i an,i A #i)a("* #en'an !a("el #aa !e*( lainna

an' (en'an#*n' an,i.o#i an,i B #i)a("* #en'an !i!a !a("el #aa% ?i+a

!a("el #aa (en'ala(i a'l*,ina!i #en'an "ena(.aan an,i.o#i an,i A

,e,a"i ,i#a+ (en'ala(i a'l*,ina!i #en'an an,i.o#i an,i B .ea,i ,e#a"a,

an,i'en A ,e,a"i ,i#a+ ,e#a"a, an,i'en B !ein''a 'olon'an #aana a#ala

A% Ke,ean'an len'+a" a#ana an,i'en #an an,i.o#i "a#a !i!,e( ABO

,e#a"a, "a#a ,a.el .ei+*,%

'abel %. Antigen dan Antibodi Pada (istem A+5

7roup Antigen pada (el Darah Merah Antibodi Aglutinin/ (erum

O

A

B

AB

:

A

B

AB

An,i A #an an,i B

An,i B

An,i A

:

olon'an #aa ABO #i,**n+an (elal*i 'en "a#a +o(o!o( 9 #an ,i#a+

.e*.a ole "en'a* lin'+*n'an !ela(a +ei#*"an .elan'!*n'% olon'an

#aa ABO !e!eoan' #i,en,*+an #en'an (eai!i 1 #ai 3 alel 8A B a,a* O

#ai ,ia" oan' ,*a% Alel A #an B .e!i-a, le.i #o(inan #ai "a#a alel O% @al

ini (ene.a.+an !e!eoan' an' (e(ili+i 'eno,i" AO a+an (e(ili+i

-eno,i" A #an !e!eoan' an' (e(ili+i 'eno,i" BO a+an (e(ili+i -eno,i" B

!e#an'+an oan' an' (e(ili+i 'eno,i" OO a+an (e(ili+i -eno,i" O% Alel

A #an B !a(a:!a(a #o(inan !ein''a /i+a alel A #i"eole #ai !a,* oan'

,*a #an alel B #ai oan' ,*a an' lain (a+a -eno,i" an' (*n)*l a#ala AB%

Dai al ,e!e.*, #i+e,a*i .aa 'olon'an #aa A (e(ili+i #*a -eno,i"

ai,* AA #an AO 'olon'an #aa B /*'a (e(ili+i 2 'eno,i" ai,* BB #an

BO% Se#an'+an 'olon'an #aa O #an AB ana (e(ili+i !a,* 'eno,i"%

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Ke(*n'+inan 'olon'an #aa ana+ an' #iai!+an ole "e!ilan'an

(a!in':(a!in' 'olon'an #aa oan' ,*a #i/ela!+an "a#a ,a.el .ei+*,%

'abel 2. Pe8arisan 7olongan Darah Kepada Anak

Ibu9A)ah 5 A + A+

5 O O A O B A B

A O A O A O A B AB A B AB

+ O B O A B AB O B A B AB

A+ A B A B AB A B AB A B AB

+. (istem "hesus

?eni! 'olon'an #aa lain an' )*+*" #i+enal a#ala #en'an (e(an-aa,+an

-a+,o e!*! a,a* -a+,o R% olon'an #aa ini #i,e(*+an ole Lan#!,aine

!aa, (ela+*+an i(*ni!a!i ,ea#a" +elin)i (en''*na+an #aa (one, #an

(ene(*+an an,i!ea an' ,i#a+ ana (en'a'l*,ina!i !el #aa (ea (one,

,e,a"i /*'a (en'a'l*,ina!i !el #aa (ea #ai 5 "o"*la!i (an*!ia%

Se!eoan' an' (e(ili+i !el #aa (ea an' (en'ala(i a'l*,ina!i #i!e.*,

e!*! "o!i,i- #an oan' an' (e(ili+i !el #aa (ea an' ,i#a+ (en'ala(i

a'l*,ina!i #i!e.*, e!*! ne'a,i-% An,i.o#i an' .e,an''*n' /aa. ,ea#a"

ea+!i ,e!e.*, #i!e.*, an,i R% olon'an #aa ini (e(ili+i 'ene,i+ "alin'

+o("le+ #i.an#in'+an !i!,e( an' lain +aena !i!,e( ini (eli.a,+an >5

an,i'en an' .e.e#a "a#a "e(*+aan !el #aa (ea an' #i+on,ol ole

'en "a#a +o(o!o( !a,*%

Tia" oan' (e(ili+i !e"a!an' 'en #aa -a+,o Re!*! an' #a"a, #i,e! #i

la.oa,oi*( *n,*+ (en'e,a*i a#ana an,i'en Re!*!% ?i+a ,e! ,i#a+

(ene(*+an an,i'en oan' ,e!e.*, #i+a,a+an (e(ili+i ,i"e #aa R ne'a,i-

8R : #an /i+a al an' !e.ali+na ,e/a#i (a+a #i+a,a+an oan' ,e!e.*,

(e(ili+i ,i"e #aa R "o!i,i- 8R % Ta.el .ei+*, (e("elia,+an

*.*n'an 'en 'eno,i" #an -a+,o Re!*!%

'abel &. 7en "h: 7enotip dan Faktor "hesus

7en 7en 7enotip Faktor "hesus

R: R: R:=R: R:

R R: R=R: R

R R R=R R

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Si!,e( Re!*! ,e#ii #ai !e/*(la .e!a an,i'en an' .e.e#a:.e#a

,e,a"i *n,*+ +e"el*an "a+,i! !ala !a,* #ian,aana ai,* Re!*! D an'

#ian''a" "alin' "en,in' +aena Re!*! D "alin' +*a, #ala( (ean'!an'

"e(.en,*+an an,i.o#i% Un,*+ (ene,a"+an "en''olon'an #aa #i'*na+an

!e*( an,i D #an *n,*+ (en'+la!i-i+a!i+an in#ivi#*:in#ivi#* !e.a'ai Re!*!

"o!i,i- a,a* Re!*! ne'a,i- #i'*na+an ,an#a D a,a* D:% D .e!i-a, #o(inan,

,ea#a" # +aena an,i # ,i#a+ "ena (*n)*l% Re!*! "o!i,i- #an e!*!

ne'a,i- #i,en,*+an ole 'en D #an 'en #% olon'an Re!*! "o!i,i- (e("*nai

#*a (a)a( 'eno,i" ai,* DD #an D# !e#an'+an 'olon'an ne'a,i- ana

(e("*nai !a,* (a)a( 'eno,i" ai,* ##% Bei+*, ini +e(*n'+inan 'eno,i-

'olon'an #aa ana+ #en'an !i!,e( Re!*!%

Oan' ,*a $ DD G DD DD G D# D# G D#

Ana+ $ DD DD a,a* D# DD a,a* ##

Oan' ,*a $ DD G ## D# G ## ## G ##

Ana+ $ D# DD a,a* ## ##

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Kesimpulan

I#en,i-i+a!i -oen!i+ (e*"a+an *"aa an' #ila+*+an #en'an ,*/*an

(e(.an,* "eni#i+ *n,*+ (enen,*+an i#en,i,a! !e!eoan'% I#en,i-i+a!i "e!onal

!ein' (e*"a+an !*a,* (a!ala #ala( +a!*! "i#ana (a*"*n "e#a,a% I#en,i-i+a!i

-oen!i+ e"ean #ala( .e.a'ai +a!*! lain !e"e,i "en)*li+an ana+ .ai ,e,*+a a,a*

#ia'*+an oan' ,*ana% Un,*+ (e(ini(ali!i +e+eli*an (a+a #i"el*+an !*a,*

,e+ni+ i#en,i-i+a!i #en'an !en!i,ivi,a! #an !"e!i-i,a! an' ,in''i #i (ana "e(an-aa,an

,e+nolo'i anali!i! DNA #a"a, #i"e,i(.an'+an !e.a'ai al,ena,i-%

Daftar Pustaka

1% B*#ian,o A Wi#ia,(a+a W S*#iono S #++% Il(* +e#o+,ean -oen!i+% ?a+a,a$

Ba'ian Ke#o+,ean Foen!i+ FKUI 199

peran pemeriksaan dna dalam identifikasi forensik

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