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Narrative Text - Penjelasan & Contoh

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Pernah mendapat tugas membuatnarrative text? Atau sedang membuat

skripsi bahasa Inggris dengan variable narrative text? Santai saja, di sini

akan dijelaskan secara singkat mengenai teks naratif.

Narrative text, dalam mata kuliah writing and composition biasanya disebut

narration, adalah salah satu jenis teks dalam sebuah bahasa. Biasanya,

narrative text (teks naratif) berisi tentang cerita--baik cerita fiksi, cerita

non-fiksi, dongeng, cerita rakyat, cerita binatang / fabel dll, pokoknya

semua hal tentang cerita ya narrative namanya... :-)

Mengacu pada keterangan di atas, contoh - contohnarrative

textsebenarnya sudah banyak diterbitkan dalam blog ini, seperti :

Cerita Legenda Bahasa Inggris Terpopuler Kumpulan Dongeng Bahasa Inggris Pilihan Cerita Binatang / Fabel Bahasa Inggris Cerita Nabi berbahasa Inggris Pendek

Mudah bukan?

Sekarang sedikit serius, karena akan menjurus pada penjelasan, oke...

Pengertian Narrative Text

Disebutkan bahwaA narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain

people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur

orang).
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Jika melihat pada kamus bahasa Inggris, secara harfiah narrative

bermakna (1) a spoken or written account of connected events; a story. (2)

the narrated part of a literary work, as distinct from dialogue. (3) the

practice or art of narration.

(Narrative bermakna : 1. sebuah cerita baik terucap atau tertulis tentang

peristiwa-peristiwa yang berhubungan. 2. bagian yang diceritakan dalam

sebuah karya sastra, berbeda dengan dialog. 3. Praktik atau seni bercerita)

Jika disimpulkan, maka sebuah narrative text adalah teks yang berisi sebuah

cerita baik tertulis ataupun tidak tertulis dan terdapat rangkaian peristiwa

yang saling terhubung.

Generic Structure dari Narrative Text

Bagi sobat yang masih duduk di bangku sekolah tingkat menengah,

penjelasan mengenai narrative texts tak usah sulit-sulit ya.. Intinya,

narrative text ini mempunyai struktur / susunan seperti di bawah ini :

Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters ofthe story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu

terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana)

Complication : Where the problems in the story developed.

(Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)

Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah

selesai, --- secara baik "happy ending" ataupun buruk "bad ending".

Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation,

Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Meski Evaluation

dan Reorientationmerupakan optional; bisa ditambahkan dan bisa

tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik.


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Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.

Jika sudah mahir membuat cerita narrative, susunannya bisa diubah-ubah

kok, yang terpenting bagian-bagian di atas masih tetap ada dalam tulisan

narrative sobat.

Grammar Used dalam Narrative Text

Grammar (tata bahasa) yang sering muncul dalam membuat narrative text

adalah:

Menggunakan tenses "Past", baik simple, past perfect, past continuous, past

perfect continuous, atau bisa saja past future continuous. (aturan ini bukan

aturan wajib yang mutlak harus dipenuhi kok. Tidak percaya, tanyakan pada

guru bahasa Inggris sobat)

Untuk lebih jelasnya, lihat contohnya di bawah ini :

Contoh Narrative Text (1)

Sincere Will Get a Great Return

Once upon a time, there was a kingdom named Auretto, all people lived peacefully

there. One of them was Charlita, the kings daughter who was assumed as the most

beautiful and kindest Princess of Auretto.

One day, Charlita looked blue. Because of that her father got confused. Whats the

matter my beautiful daughter? Why are you so sad? asked King Fernando. Charlita

was just silent. She did not say anything.

Then, King Fernando decided to make a competition to cheer Charlita again. After

that, the palace representative announce: I will make a competition. The aim is to

make my daughter, Princess Charlita to be happy and laugh again. Everyone who

can do it, will get a prize. It will be held tomorrow when the sun rises. Sign: King


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Fernando.

The following morning, everybody came to the palace, tried to give their best

performance. They seemed happy and laugh, but not for Princess Charlita. She was

just silent and still looked sad.

King Fernando started to give up. No one amused his daughter. Then, there came a

young handsome man. Excuse me King Fernando. I would like to join your

competition. But, would you mind if I took Princess Charlita for a walk? said the

young man gently. As long as you make my daughter be happy again, it will totally

alright. said King Fernando. The young handsome man took Princess Charlita for a

walk in a beautiful blue lake with a green forest around it. Princess Charlita smiled

and looked happy after that. Every body looked happy, too. I know why are you so

my beautiful daughter. Now, I promise I will environment green. I regret for always

destroying it. Finally, the environment around the kingdom became so beautiful and

green, full of plants. Then, the young handsome man got a prize from the king. I

will marry you off my daughter. said him. That is the prize I promise for you.

Thanks for keeping our environment well. Thanks for making my daughter happy

again.

Contoh Narrative Text (2)

The Legend of Rawa Pening

Once upon a time, there was a little poor boy came into a little village. He

was very hungry and weak. He knocked at every door and asked for some food, but

nobody cared about him. Nobody wanted to help the little boy.

Finally, a generous woman helped him. She gave him shelter and a meal. When the

boy wanted to leave, this old woman gave him a lesung, a big wooden mortar for

pounding rice. She reminded him, please remember, if there is a flood you must

save yourself. Use this lesung as a boat. The lesung was happy and thanked

the old woman.The little boy continued his journey. While he was passing through


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the village, he saw many people gathering on the field. The boy came closer and

saw a stick stuck in the ground. People challenged each other to pull out that stick.

Everybody tried, but nobody succeeded. Can I try? asked the little boy. The crowd

laughed mockingly. The boy wanted to try his luck so he stepped forward and

pulled out the stick. He could do it very easily. Everybody was dumbfounded.

Suddenly, from the hole left by stick, water spouted out. It did not stop until it

flooded the village. And no one was saved from the water except the little boy and

the generous old woman who gave him shelter and meal. As she told him, he used

the lesung as a boat and picked up the old woman. The whole village became a

huge lake. It is now known as Rawa Pening Lake in Salatiga, Central Java,

Indonesia.

Penjelasan Narrative Text (untuk tingkat Mahir)

Untuk mengetahui definisi dan penjelasan tentang narration (narrative text)

sobat mahasiswa dan mahasiswi bisa membaca buku buku tentang writing di

perpustakaan terdekat dan terlengkap, dan disini saya hanya akan

mengutipkan pendapat Thomas S. Kane (2000: 363-364) di bawah ini:

A narrative is a meaningful sequence of events told in words. It is sequential

in that the events are ordered, not merely random. Sequence always

involves an arrangement in time (and usually other arrangements as well). A

straightforward movement from the first event to the last constitutes the

simplest chronology. However, chronology is sometimes complicated by

presenting the events in another order: for example, a story may open with

the final episode and then flash back to all that preceded it.

A narrative has meaning in that it conveys an evaluation of some kind. The

writer reacts to the story he or she tells, and states or implies that reaction.

This is the "meaning," sometimes called the "theme," of a story. Meaning

must always be rendered. The writer has to do more than tell us the truth he


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sees in the story; he must manifest that truth in the characters and the

action.

Characters and action are the essential elements of any story. Also

important, but not as essential, is the setting, the place where the action

occurs. Characters are usually peoplesometimes actual people, as in

history books or newspaper stories, sometimes imaginary ones, as in novels.

Occasionally characters are animals (as in an Aesop fable), and sometimes a

dominant feature of the environment functions almost like a character (the

sea, an old house).

The action is what the characters say and do and anything that happens to

them, even if it arises from a nonhuman sourcea storm, for instance, or a

fire. Action is often presented in the form of a plot. Action is, so to speak,

the raw material; plot, the finished product, the fitting together of the bits

and pieces of action into a coherent pattern. Usually, though not invariably,

plot takes the form of a cause-and effect chain: event A produces event B; B

leads to C; C to D; and so on until the final episode, X. In a well-constructed

plot of this kind we can work back from X to A and see the connections that

made the end of the story likely and perhaps inevitable.

Stories can be very long and complicated, with many characters, elaborate

plots, and subtle interpenetration of character, action, and setting. In writing

that is primarily expository, however, narratives are shorter and simpler.

Most often they are factual rather than imaginary, as when an historian

describes an event. And often in exposition an illustration may involve a

simple narrative. Being able to tell a story, then, while not the primary

concern of the expository writer, is a skill which he or she will now and again

be called upon to use.

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