mikroba bioplastik
TRANSCRIPT
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Plastik
Minyak bumi + Logam
berat
(Cd, Pb, Ni, dan Klor)
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Bioplastik Bahan berupa polimer yang dapat
mengalami perubahan secara alamiah oleh
mikroorganisme (Swift, 1994)
Keuntungan :
Ramah lingkungan
Dihasilkan dari Alam
Aman , dapat didaur ulang, dijadikan kompos
maupun dibakar tanpa menghasilkan toksik
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(Doi, 1990), (Djamaan,2004),
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Produk
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(Brandl et al, 2001)
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Carbon Cycle of BioplasticsCO2
H2OBiodegradation
CarbohydratesPlastic
Products
Plants
Fermentation PHA Polymer
Photosynthesis
Recycle
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Poliester yang disintesa oleh berbagai jenisbakteri dan diakumulasi sebagai cadanganenergi dan karbon dalam bentuk granula di dalam sitoplasma (Lee et al., 1999).
Ojumu et al., 2004
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PHA
C Nutrisi, Cth : N, P, O, S, Mg
Rantai Pendek : 3-5 C
Rantai Medium: 6-14 C
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PHB adalah homopolimer dari β-hidroksibutirat yang merupakan anggota dari polihidroksialkanoat (PHA)(Anderson dan Dawes, 1996)
Cadangan makanan bagi bakteri terbentuk sebagai granular-granular di dalam sel ((Bailey dan Ollis, 1991)
Terakumulasi sampai 80% dari berat kering sel
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(Gerngross et al, 1993)
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(Dawes dan Senior, 1973)
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Daftar Pustaka
Bailey, J. E. dan D. F. Ollis. 1991. Biochemical engineering fundamental. McGraw Hill Book Company. New York.
Brandl H., Gross RA, Lenz RW dan Fuller RC. 1990. Plastics from Bacteria and for Bacteria : Poly(ß-hydroxyalkanoates) as Natural, Biocompatible, and Biodegradable Polyesters. Adv BiochemEng/Biotechnol 41:77.
Dawes,E.A and Senior,P.J. 1973. The role and regulations of energy reserve polymers in microorganism.Adv.Microb.Physio.10:135-267
Doi, Y. (1990). Microbial Polyesters. VCH Publishers, Inc. New York, USA.
Gerngros,T.U.,Reilly,P., Stubbe,J.,Sinskey,A.J.andPeoples,P.P.1993. Immunocytochemical analysis of poly—hydroxybutirate (PHB) syntase in Alcaigenes eutrophus H16:localization of the syntaseenzyme at surface ofPHB granules.J.Bacterial.175:5289-5293
Lee, S.Y., Choi, J., Han, K. dan Song, J.Y. 1999. Removal of Endotoxin During Purification of Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate from Gram Negative Bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65(6):2762-2764
Swift, G., Expectation for Biodegration Tersting Methods, Biodegradable Plastic and Polimer, Elseiver Science B. V, Amsterdam, 1994.
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