makalah grapes

8/10/2019 Makalah Grapes

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GRAPES NUTRITION

BY

1. DEBBY MEUTIA RINI

2. FEIGA MAHARANI

3. FENDY SUKOWATI NINGSIH

4. FRISCHA GRATIA ARDANIS

5. GUSTI AYU PUTU DEWI

6.

RIRIN ARISANDI7. ROSSA SHABRINA

JURUSAN GIZI

POLTEKKES KEMENKES TANJUNG KARANG

TAHUN AJARAN 2012/2013



Grapes nutrition

Widely popular, grapes are regarded in many cultures as “the queen of fruits," since

centuries. These tiny berries are the storehouse of numerous health promoting phyto-nutrients

such as poly-phenolic antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. No wonder why many people

include them as an integral part of their diet, be it in the form of fresh table fruits, juice, or insalads! Botanically, they are small round berries; grow in clusters on a perennial and

deciduous woody vine of the genus: Vitis. Grapes are native to Europe and Mediterranean

regions but now widely cultivated all around the world.

In structure, each berry features semi-translucent flesh encased in a smooth, thin skin. Some

varieties contain edible seeds, while others are seedless. Grapes that good is feature plump in

consistency, free from surface wrinkles with intact skin, without any cuts or cracks or leaking

juice, and firmly attached to a healthy-looking green stem. Lift up the whole bunch in the air

and shake gently; loose berries, if any falls off easily.The color to the fruit is because of the

presence of poly-phenolic pigments in them. Red or purple berries are rich in anthocyanins

while white-green berries contain more of tannins, especially, catechin. Green grapes should

have a slight yellowish hue; red types should be mostly pinkish-red, while purple and blue-

black types should be deep and rich in color. Interestingly, these antioxidant compounds are

densely concentrated on the skin and seeds. The three main species of grapes grown around

the world are; European (Vitis vinifera), North American (Vitis labrusca and Vitis

rotundifolia), and French hybrids. Commercially, many cultivars of grapes are grown for

different purposes either eaten as table fruit, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana) or in wine

production.

Health benefits of grapes

Grapes are rich in polyphenolic phytochemical compound resveratrol. Resveratrol is

one of the powerful anti-oxidant, which has been found to play a protective role

against cancers of colon and prostate, coronary heart disease (CHD), degenerative

nerve disease, Alzheimer's disease and viral/ fungal infections.

Resveratrol reduces stroke risk by altering the molecular mechanisms in the blood

vessels. It does so firstly by reducing susceptibility of blood vessel damage through

decreased activity of angiotensin (a systemic hormone causing blood vessel

constriction that would otherwise elevate blood pressure) and secondly, through

increased production of the vasodilator substance, nitric oxide (a beneficial compound

that causes relaxation of blood vessels).

Anthocyanins are another class of polyphenolic anti-oxidants present abundantly inthe red grapes. These phyto-chemicals have been found to have an anti-allergic, anti-

inflammatory, anti-microbial, as well as anti-cancer activity.

Catechins, a type of flavonoid tannin group of anti-oxidants, found in the white/green

varieties have also shown to possess these health-protective functions.

In addition, the berries are very low in calories. 100 g fresh grapes just provide 69

calories but zero cholesterol levels.

Grapes are rich source of micronutrient minerals like copper, iron and manganese.

Copper and manganese are an essential co-factor of antioxidant enzyme, superoxide

dismutase. Iron is especially concentrated more in raisins. In addition, 100 g of fresh

grapes contain about 191 mg of health benefiting electrolyte, potassium.

They are an also good source of vitamin-C, vitamin A, vitamin K, carotenes, B-

complex vitamins such as pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamin.

http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/raisins.html

http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/raisins.html



Here are just a few of the vitamins and nutrients presents in a single

serving of grapes:

1. Vitamin C

Grapes contain high levels of vitamin C. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that assists your body in ridding itself of free radicals within the body. These radicals can attack your cells,

weaken your immune system and allow your body to catch certain diseases. The common

cold is typically a result of lowered levels of vitamin C in your body. Try eating grapes to

supplement your body with vitamin C.

2. Vitamin B1

If you're looking to get an energy boost, grapes help you by providing your body with

vitamin B1. Vitamin B1 is a vitamin that will give your body energy. Aside from doing that,

it will also help keep your nervous system to function properly.

3. Flavanoids

Though you can get flavanoids in leafy, green vegetables, too, grapes are a great source of

them. The grapes found in flavanoids reduce your body's chance of suffering from blood

clots. If they become enough of a problem, blood clots can cause strokes and also put you at a

higher risk for heart attacks and other forms of heart disease. The flavanoids in grapes reduce

the risk of these clots, which promotes good blood circulation throughout your body.

4. Potassium

If you suffer from high blood pressure, grapes could help to lower it by providing your body

with potassium. Potassium also helps fight your body's chances of undergoing a stroke. If you

suffer from a lack of energy, you could also be suffering from a potassium deficiency. Try a

single serving of grapes everyday to assist you with this.

5. Manganese

In addition to the vitamins and nutrients listed above, grapes also have high levels of

manganese in them. Manganese helps the body build stronger bones and also builds the

connective tissue throughout your body. It also assists the body in calcium absorption, which

is very important for those looking to build healthy bones.



REFERENCES

http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/grapes.html

http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/the-nutritional-food-value-of-

grapes.html


http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/the-nutritional-food-value-of-grapes.html





makalah grapes

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