layer fisik

7/23/2019 Layer Fisik

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Physical Layer



LAYER FISIK



LAYER FISIK

TERKAIT LAYER FISIK:1.SINKRONISASI2.PHYSICAL ENCODING : NRI! NR! "ANCHESTER! A"I

#.GANGG$AN LAYER FISIK



"ODE TRANS"ISI

"%&e Tra's(isi (er)*a+a' cara s)a,) &a,a &i+iri(+a':

-Paralel

-Serial



"ODE TRANS"ISI

Mode transfer paralel: ,ia* /i,&ala( se/)ah 0%r& &i+iri(+a'(elal)i +a0a, ya' /er/e&a

Mode serial: ,ia* /i,&i,ra's(isi+a' sa,) *ersa,) &ala(sela' 0a+,) ,er,e',)

Ke,i+a &a,a &i,ra's(isi+a' a',ara2 *era'+a,! a&a # (%&e %*erasiya' &a*a, &i)'a+a': Simplex &i)'a+a' a*a/ila

&a,a &i+iri(+a' ha'ya 1 arah Half-duplex &i)'a+a'

a*a/ila 2 &e3ice i'i'(e(*er,)+ar+a' i'4%r(asi5&a,a6 secara /era',ia'

Duplex &ise/), 7)a 4)ll-&)*le8 &a' &i)'a+a' a*a/ila&a,a &i*er,)+ar+a' a',ara 2&e3ice *a&a +e&)a arahsecara si()l,a'



SINKRONISASIPa&a ,ra's(isi &a,a &ila*is 4isi+! selai' (%&)lasi

&i*erl)+a' +e(a(*)a' )',)+ si'+r%'isasi! yai,),e+'i+ (e'&a*a,+a' /i, &is)a,) si'yal ya'(eli/a,+a' (asalah 0a+,) *e'a(/ila' sa(*el &arisi'yal! 4%r(a, s)a,) +ara+,er &a' 4%r(a, *a+e,.

Ter&a*a, # 7e'is ,e+'i+ si'+r%'isasi &a,a Asy'chr%'%)s

Sy'chr%'%)s Is%chr%'%)s



APA IT$ 999

Pendahuluan Sinronisasi a&alah s)a,) *r%ses(e'yere(*a++a' 5(e'yi'+r%'+a'6clock ya' /er%*erasi *a&a se()a*era'+a, ,ele+%()'i+asi.

!u"uan sinronisasi *a&a 7ari'a'&ii,al a&alah se/aai )saha )',)+

(e(*er+ecil slip ,er+e'&ali(controlled slip) *a&a 7ari'a'!sehi'a &era&asi +are'a la7) slip &a*a, &i7aa *a&a ,i'+a, ya'&a*a, &i,eri(a 5Re+%(e'&asi IT$-TG.226.

Masud dasar sinronisasi &ala(

7ari'a' ,ele+%()'i+asi a&alah)',)+ (e(as,i+a' /ah0a s)a,),ra4i+ ya' (as)+ +e 7ari'a'&isa(*ai+a' +e ,)7)a' &e'a'&era&asi ya' (i'i()(.



"ODE ASINKRON



Prinsip #perasi

Asinron

Rangkaian di dalam tiap DTE yang merupakan antarmuka antaraperangkat dan link serial, harus melakukan fungsi berikut:

Konversi paralel ke serial untuk tiap karakter atau bytesebagai persiapan transmisi pada link data

Konversi serial ke paralel untuk tiap karakter yang diterima,

sebagai persiapan penyimpanan dan pemrosesan dalam DTE Sinkronisasi bit, karakter, dan frame

Pembangkitan bit untuk mengecek kesalahan



"ODESINKRON



M#DE SI$KR#$ Alira' /i, &i+%&e+a' &e'a' cara ,er,e',) se&e(i+ia' sehi'a *e'eri(a &a*a,

(e'7aa si'+r%'isasi Se()a 4ra(e &i&ah)l)i %leh /e/era*a /y,e a,a) +ara+,er ya' /er4)'si )',)+

(e'7aa +ea'&ala' i',er*re,asi /a,as a',ar +ara+,er Isi 4ra(e &ie'+a*s)lasi &i a',ara se*asa' +ara+,er )',)+ si'+r%'isasi 4ra(e Pa&a ,ra's(isi si'+r%'! ,ia* 4ra(e &i&ah)l)i %leh 2 a,a) le/ih /y,e 5+ara+,er6

sy'c Har)s &i*as,i+a' /ah0a +ara+,er 5/y,e6 s,ar, %4 4ra(e &a' e'& %4 4ra(e /ersi4a,

)'i+! a,a) ,i&a+ &i,e()+a' &ala( isi 4ra(e ya' se&a' &i+iri(



M#DE IS#KR#$



SINKRONISASI



SINKRONISASI ;IT



M#DE SI$KR#$ %ER#RIE$!ASI %I!

< 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 1 < . . . . . . . . . . . . < 1 1 1 1 1 1 < < 1 1 1 1 1 1

F L A G F L A G& a , a

e r % / i ,

i ' s e r , i % '

e r % / i ,

& e l e , i % '

P I S O S I P OT 8 C R 8 C

< 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1 < 1 1 < < 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 < < . . . 1 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 1 <

F l a F l a D A T A

e r % / i , i ' s e r , i % '



SI$KR#$ISASI KARAK!ER




& ' ( ) * + , . / A % 0 D E F

&x N$L SOH ST= ET= EOT EN> ACK ;EL ;S TA; LF ?T FF CR SO SI

'x DLE DC1 DC2 DC# DC@ NAK SYN ET; CAN E" S$; ESC FS GS RS $S

(xs*ace

B 5 6 ! - . J

)x < 1 2 # @ M : Q 9

*x A ; C D E F G H I K L " N O

+x P > R S T $ ? U = Y V W X Z

,x [ a / c & e 4 h i 7 + l ( ' %

x * \ r s , ) 3 0 8 y ] ^ _ ` DEL

16 00 00 00 02 52 4A 47 48 4B 4C 53 …..45 03 00

00 00 16 16

SYN !" !" !" ST# R $ % & K " ' ( & K " S $ & ) ! ( ! * ' E ET# !"!" !" SYN SYN



SINKRONISASI KARAKTER



SI$KR#$ISASI FRAME



SINKRONISASI

FRA"E i+a *esa' ,er&iri &ari/e/era*a +ara+,er 54ra(ei'4%r(asi6! (a+a selai'(ela+)+a' si'+r%'isasi/i, &a' +ara+,er! *e'eri(a

7)a har)s /isa(e'e',)+a' a0al &a'a+hir ,ia* 4ra(e.

Kara+,er +%',r%l ya'&i)'a+a' )',)+

si'+r%'isasi 4ra(e: ST=!ET=! &a' DLE



Ga')a' Pa&a Tra's(isi Da,a

Dera) 5N%ise6

ISI I',er Sy(/%l I',er4ere'ce

Dis,%rsi

Delay *r%*aasi



DERA$

Dera) &i/ai (e'7a&i @ +a,e%ri :

Dera) s)h) 50hi,e '%ise6

N Q +T;

N QKera*a,a' +e+)a,a' &era) 5Ua,,6

+ Q +%'s,a',a ;%l,](a' Q 1.#<# 8 1<5-2#6 JK+

T Q Te(*era,)r 5K 6+

; Q ;a'&0i&,h 5H]6

Dala( &eci/ell-Ua,, :

N Q -22.&;U 1< l% T 1< l% ; E8 : Se/)ah recei3er &e'a' ,e(*era,)r &era) e4e+,i4 se/esar 1<< &a'+

;U 1<"H]. Ti'+a, &era) *a&a %),*), recei3er a&alah:

NQ -22.&;U 1< l% 1<²1< l%1< Q -1#. &;U



Dera) i',er(%&)lasi /ila si'yal-si'yal&e'a' 4re+)e'si /e&a (e')'a+a' (e&ia

,ra's(isi ya' sa(a.Cr%ss,al+ ,er7a&i a+i/a, +%*li' a',ar &)a 7al)r si'yal ya' ,i&a+ &ii'i'+a'

Dera) i(*)ls ,i&a+ /era,)ra'! ,er*),)s'ya

/)'yi *a&a &)rasi *e'&e+.



ISI

Ter7a&i i',er4ere'si a',ara si(/%l-si(/%lya' /er&e+a,a' 5a&7ace',6

Ter7a&i +are'a a&a'ya ()l,i*a,h*r%*aa,i%' &a' +e,er/a,asa' ;U

Da*a, &ia,asi &e'a' : (e(*erla(/a,

*e'iri(a' si(/%l! (e(*er/esar 7ara+a',ar si(/%l &a' &e'a' *)lse sha*i'



DISTORSI Caca, ya' &iala(i si'yal saa, &i,a's(isi+a' "aca(-(aca( &is,%rsi :

Dis,%rsi a+i/a, re&a(a'

Dis,%rsi Fasa 5&is,%rsi &elay6

i+a *eresera' 4asa,er7a&i *a&a sel)r)h 4re+)e'si ya' ,er+a'&)' *a&asi'yal +%()'i+asi! (a+a si'yal %),*), a+a' sa(a&e'a' si'yal i'*),

Se/ali+'ya a*a/ila *eresera' 4asa ,i&a+ li'ier

&e'a' 4re+)e'si (a+a si'yal %),*), a+a' ,er&is,%rsi Dis,%rsi a+i/a, N%ise



K%(*resi

L%ssless ,e+'i+ +%(*resi ya' hasil'ya /isa &i+e(/ali+a' ),)h 5b1<<6

se*er,i asli'ya ,e+'i+ )()( a&alah +%relasi &a' &e*e'&e'si a',ar &a,a 5s,a,is,i+6Rasi% +%(*resi )()('ya rela,i4 +ecil 51:2 s& 1:1<6 &e(i (e'e7ar

+ece*a,a' +%(*resi &a' &e+%(*resiDi)'a+a' )',)+ +%(*resi &a,a 5,e8, &a' /i'ary6

L%ssyTe+'i+ +%(*resi ya' a+a' (e')r)'+a'J(e'hila'+a' +)ali,as

&a,a 5hasil &e+%(*resi 1<<6Te+'i+ )()( (e')'a+a' al%ri,(a DSPRasi% +%(*resi /esar Di)'a+a' )',)+ a(/ar! s)ara! &a' 3i&e%



K%(*resi l%ssless

S)/,i,)si : ya' Q ! &a' Q ! +a' Q !+i,a

Ses)a,) ya' +i,a i'i'+a' &a' ya' +i,a&a(/a+a' ses)a,) @ ^ ingin& % @ ^

damba& 5s(s c%&i'6

S,a,is,i+ H)44(a'



Langkah Pengkodean Huffman



Contoh Pengkodean Huffman

A = 00, M = 11, N = 011, I = 100, S = 0101 ,Y= 01000, G = 01001, K = 1010, L= 1011

SAYA INGIN MAKAN MALAM =0101000100000100011010011000111100101000011110010110011

saya i'i' (a+a' (ala(

A A A A A A M 11 &

"# "# "# "# @ A & M '

N2 N2 N2 # "# @ & '

I2 I2 I2 N2 # & "# '

S 2 2 I2 & N2 '

Y S 2 & 2 '

G Y & S '

K & G '

L '



E',r%*i

Nilai ya' (e'ya,a+a' +e*a&a,a' s)a,) +%(*resi! a,a)+e*a&a,a' i'4%r(asi

Nilai ra,a-ra,a /i,J+ara+,er

"isal ADAAPA A Q 1 DQ<1 PQ<<

E',r%*i Q ^5@816 51826 51826`J

Q J

Q 1.## Nilai E',r%*i 1



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