ku1201- clust01-2014.10.06.aplikatif

8/11/2019 KU1201- Clust01-2014.10.06.Aplikatif

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DESAIN ROBOT LEGO MINDSTORM: APPLICATIVEROBOT

1 Pengantar1.1 RINGKASAN ISI DOKUMEN

Dokumen ini membahas konsep dan gagasan dari kegiatan desain robot yang

berjudul Desain Robot Lego Mindstorm: Applicative Robot. Uraian dalam dokumen ini

mencakup identifikasi masalah deskripsi kebutuhan desain dan penentuan spesifikasi

pemaparan desain konseptual yang mencakup penentuan konsep!konsep alternatif

evaluasi alternatif dan pemilihan konsep. "emudian dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan desain

rinci dan implementasi pengujian analisis dan pengambilan kesimpulan #lihat chapter $%

buku teks "osky&.

'asil desain diimplementasikan menggunakan platform Lego Mindstorms ()* dan

dikompetisikan pada akhir perkuliahan "U+$,+ -engantar Rekayasa dan Desain $. dst

tuliskan informasi lain yang dianggap perlu/

1.2 Tujuan Penulisan dan Aplikasi/Kegunaan Dku!en

Dokumen ini ditulis sebagai pemenuhan syarat kelulusan mata kuliah "U+$,+

-engantar Rekayasa dan Desain $.

1." RE#ERENSI

+. "osky -hilip. (t.al. Exploring Engineering, An Introduction to Engineering and

Design (lsevier 0nc. $,+,.

$. isi dengan referensi lainnya/*. isi dengan referensi lainnya/

1. isi dengan referensi lainnya/

1.$ DA#TAR SINGKATAN

SINGKATAN ARTI

-RD -engantar Rekayasa dan Desain

LM( Lego Mindstorms Education

2 IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH (DE#INING T%E PRO&'EM)

-ada bagian ini dijabarkan latar belakang tujuan dan rumusan masalah ...... yang menjadi

dasar dibangunnnya robot untuk aplikasi ..... dengan kemampuan ...... dst/. "ebutuhan

yang terdapat dalam masyarakat atau kebutuhan customer diterjemahkan dalam besaran

enjiniring. 'asilnya berupa definisi masalah #problem definition& dan daftar spesifikasi

#list of specifications&. silakan ganti paragraf ini dengan bahasa anda sendiri/

2.1 DEFINISI MASALAH(PRO&'EM DE#INITION)

A problem definition states the design objective in one to three clear concise sentences.2or e3ample the problem definition addressed by 4rville and 5ilbur 5right at the turn of

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the t?entieth century ?as design a manned machine capable of achieving po?ered flight.

8his problem definition tells us that they ?anted to design a flying machine subject to t?o

constraints. 2irst it must carry a person ?hich rules out model aircraft.


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bias the design in t?o respects: in the use of ?heels and in the choice of materials.


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0t is important to devote some of the brainstorming time searching for bold

unconventional ideas. 0n the case of a design competition this could mean searching for

holes in the rules that could lead to ideas that the creators of the competition had not

anticipated.

4nly ?hen brainstorming is complete should the team eliminate concepts that are notfeasible not legal or not fundamentally different. After this ?eeding!out process at least

three concepts should remain. 0f not more brainstorming is in order.

".2 *ON*EPT SKET*%ING

2or an idea to be considered a feasible alternative concept it must be represented in the

form of a conceptual sketch. 8he goal in producing a concept dra?ing is to convey ?hat

the design is and ho? it ?orks in the clear! est possible terms. Any lack of clarity such as

failure to represent one of the subfunctions ?ill translate into doubts about the feasibilityof the concept ?hen it comes time to evaluate it.

At the same time ho?ever this is not a detailed design dra?ing. Dimensions and other

details not relevant to understanding the basic nature of ho? the concept ?ill ?ork are left

out.

0t is best to proceed through t?o phases ?hen generating a concept dra?ing. 2irst in the

creative phase hand! sketching is done freestyle and @uickly ?ithout regard for neatness

or visual clarity. A fe? simple lines incompre! hensible to others might be enough to

remind you of your idea.


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generating concept alternatives.

Step 1. Decompose the design objective into a series of functions.Start out by

decomposing the overall function into four or five subfunctions. Usually, verbs

such as move, lift,and control are used in naming the functions.

Step 2. Brainstorm on alternative concepts for each function and assemble the

results in a classification scheme.

Step 3. Combine function concepts to form alternative design concepts.Table 19.2

demonstrates how one subfunction concept from each row of the classification

scheme is selectedto form a total concept. The same subfunction concept can be

used with more than one total concept, thoughkeep in mind that the idea is to

generate fundamentally different design concepts. The only other rule when

deciding upon the best combinations is to be sure that the subfunction concepts

being combined arecompatible.

Step 4. Sketch each of the most promising combinations.This is done in accordance

with the rules previously presented for concept drawings. Remember that youmust

end up with drawings for at least three fundamentally different design concepts.

EVAL!ASI ALTERNATIF DAN PEMILIHAN KONSEP(E+A'UATION O# A'TERNATI+ES AND SE'E*TION O#*ON*EPT)


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$.2 T%E DE*ISION MATRI,

8he decision matri3 promotes a systematic and e3haustive e3amination of concept

strengths and ?eaknesses. 8he entire procedure from selection of evaluation criteria to

filling out the matri3 is designed to remove per! sonal bias from the decision!making

process. 8he results give a numerical measure for ranking alternatives and ultimatelyselecting the best concept.

EVALUATION CRITERIA

8he criteria by ?hich the concepts should be judged are all contained in the list of

specifications. 8o even @ualify as a feasible concept the e3pectation must be that all the

design re@uirements designated as demands ?ill be satisfied. 8herefore the ranking of the

feasible concepts ultimately depends on the degree to ?hich they fulfill the design

re@uirements designated as ?ishes. 'o?ever at the conceptual level @ualities asso! ciated

?ith both demands and ?ishes are included among the evaluation criteria o?ing to the

uncertainty still associated ?ith estimating their degree of fulfillment.

8he design re@uirements selected to serve as evaluation criteria usually are re?orded to

indicate the desired @uality. 2or e3ample instead of ?eight cost and manufacture the

corresponding evaluation criteria become lo? ?eight lo? cost and easy to manufacture.

(valuation criteria should be independent of each other to ensure a fair ?eighting of

re@uirements in the decision matri3 discussed later. 2or e3ample lo? cost and ease of

manufacture ?ill be redundant and thus double counted if cost of labor is a significant

fraction of total cost.

8he number of evaluation criteria can vary depending on the situation. 5e suggest a levelof detail con! sistent ?ith the amount of detailed information available about the concept.

2or most hands!on student proj! ects five to seven of the most important evaluation

criteria should suffice. (asy to manufacture and lo? cost are almost al?ays included in

this list.

PROCEDURE FOR FILLING OUT A DECISION ATRI!


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consideration.

alculate overall value for each concept. 2or each concept!criterion combination

the product of the ?eight and the value is calculated and then recorded in the second

subcolumn.


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being observed.

"no?ing ?hen to use e3periments re@uires a keen a?areness of the sources of risk in a

design. 8his is no time for overconfidenceG you can safely assume that if something can go

?rong it ?ill. 8hus it is vital that you be able to distinguish bet?een the aspects of the

design about ?hich you are sure and those about ?hich you are not so sure. 8he latter arecandidates for physical e3periments.

8he steps for formulating an e3perimental plan are as follo?s:

+. 0dentify aspects of the design and its performance about ?hich you are uncertain.

$. Associate the aspects in step + ?ith one or more physical variables that can be

varied by means of simple e3periments.

*. >arry out the e3periments that ?ill do the most to reduce risk ?ithin the available

time frame.

1. 0f possible document the results in the form of graphs or tables.

-." MODE'S

Models are scaled replicas constructed out of ine3pensive readily available materials. 0n

the case of small electromechanical devices they often are constructed out of cardboard or

foam board. Models are used to check geometric compatibility establish key dimensions

of moving parts and to visualiFe the overall motion.

-.$ DETAI'ED DRAING

=y definition a detailed dra?ing ?ill contain all the information re@uired to manufacture

the design. 8he dra?ings should be so complete that if you handed them off to someone

unfamiliar ?ith the design that person ?ould be able to build it.

8he usual practice is to specify dimensions on multiple orthogonal vie?s of the design. An

isometric vie? sometimes also is provided to assist ?ith visualiFation. 0n all si3

orthogonal vie?s are possible: front back left right top and bottom. 8hree vie?s

ho?ever are most common.

Additional information such as material specification part type and assembly directions

are conveyed through ?ritten notes on the dra?ings. >lose!up vie?s can be employed to

clarify small features.

Although practicing engineers ?ill generate dra?ings using computer!aided design #>AD&

soft?are first!year engineering students probably have not taken a >AD course yet.

8herefore ?e recommend that the usual standards for preparation of detailed dra?ings

should be rela3ed some?hat and replaced by the follo?ing set of guidelines:

Dra?ings can be neatly hand dra?n using ruler and compass.

Dra?ings must be dra?n to scale though not necessarily full!scale.

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Dra?ings of at least t?o orthogonal vie?s of the design should be prepared. An

isometric vie? is not re@uired but close!up vie?s should be used to clarify small

features.


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"emudian lakukan juga eksplorasi dan analisis manfaat dan dampak solusi yang

dita?arkan pada project ini dalam konteks ekonomi lingkungan dan sosial bila robot ini

diimplementasikan dan dimanfaatkan pada lingkungan nyata.

& KESIMP!LAN

Uraikan kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil project ini.

' La*ran

lampirkan hal!hal yang perlu dan belum termasuk dalam laporan di atas/

6omor Dokumen: "U+$,+!,+!$,+1.+,.,7 6omor Revisi: ,+ 8anggal: 9*,$,+1 'alaman +,dari +,; $,+1 -rogram

ku1201- clust01-2014.10.06.aplikatif

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