kajian timbal dalam cat enamel dekoratif di asia dan indonesia (20 nov 2013)

Kajian Timbal dalam Cat di Asia dan Indonesia

Yuyun Ismawati - [email protected]

Dipresentasikan pada Pertemuan Stakeholder Timbal dalam Cat KeduaJakarta, 20 November 2013

Timbal dalam catNegara-negara maju sudah menghapus timbal dalam cat 40 tahun yang laluTahun 2008, Toxics Link India dan IPEN menemukan >80 % cat enamel (oil-based) decorative paints di 10 negara berkembang memiliki timbal di atas angka amanIPEN melakukan kampanye global penghapusan timbal dalam cat di 7 negara di Asia (SWITCH-Asia), UNEP 9 Country Study dan 10 negara Afrika, Asia, Latin Amerika dan Eastern Europe

Bahaya Timbal• Timbal/Lead (Pb) Toxic & persistent• Sudah dilarang di Eropa, U.S., Brazil dan Australia• WHO: “there is no safe level of childhood lead exposure”

• Bahaya pada anak:–Interferes with developing brain–Lower IQ–Attention deficiencies–Poor impulse control–Aggressive behavior

• Dampak kesehatan tidak terpulihkan tapi dapat dicegah

SWITCH-Asia IPEN Project Partners

Philippines

Coordinated by: Technical expertise:

PRELIMINARY DATA FROM LEAD IN PAINT ANALYSIS IN SIX ASIAN COUNTRIES (AS OF OCT 20,

2013)

Countries Bangladesh(90 samples)

Indonesia(78 samples)

Nepal(49 samples)

Philippines(122 samples)

Sri Lanka (94 samples)

Thailand(120 samples)

Majority of paints sampled could not be sold in industrialized countries (> 90ppm)

71% 77% 71% 62% 50% 79%

Majority of paints sampled contain high levels (greater than 600 ppm; a standard in many countries)

64% 62% 60% 52% 24% 68%

Many paints sampled had dangerously high lead levels (greater than 10,000 ppm)

27% 33% 29% 39% 23% 33%

Highest level of lead detected

123,000 ppm

116,000 ppm

130,000 ppm

100,000 ppm

131,000 ppm

95,000 ppm

PRELIMINARY DATA FROM LEAD IN PAINT ANALYSIS IN SIX ASIAN COUNTRIES (AS OF 20

OCTOBER, 2013)Countries Bangladesh

(90 samples)


Nepal(49 samples)




Majority of bright colors sampled contained extremely high lead levels (>10,000 ppm)

68% yellow; 9% red

80% orange; 60% yellow

60% of all bright colors

82% orange; 70% yellow



Majority of paint brands sampled have high lead levels (greater than 90 ppm)

29 of 34 brands (85.3%)

29 of 43 brands (67.44%)

16 of 21 brands (76.2%)

26 of 34 brands (76.5%)

63% of brands > 90 ppm

63 of 68 brands (92.6%)

Paints are inadequately or mislabeled

Most cans contain little or no information


Most cans contain no label information

Less than half of cans sampled described product composition


Half of paints labeled “lead free” had lead content greater than 100 ppm

PRELIMINARY DATA FROM LEAD IN PAINT ANALYSIS IN SIX ASIAN COUNTRIES (AS OF 20 OCTOBER,

2013)



Nepal(49 samples)




Market leaders

Berger +Asian = 66% market share

AKZO Nobel (ICI) +Avian+Nippon = 67% market share

Asian + Berger Jenson = 67% market share

Pacific Paint (Boysen) + Charter Chemical and Coating Company = 80% market share

AKZO Nobel (ICI); Asian Paints, Causeway, Silicon Coatings, Macksons Lanka

TOA and brands manufactured by TOA + AKZO Nobel (ICI)= 55- 69% market share



Nepal(49 samples)




Most Market Leaders are producing low lead products

All paints from Berger and Asian tested below90 ppm.

All samples from AKZO Nobel (ICI) were below 600 ppm; 2 of 6 samples were below 90 ppm.Avian and Nippon samples had both high and low lead content

All paints from Asian and Berger Jenson & Nicholson tested below 90 ppm; Samples from major Nepalese manufacturers (Pashputi, 20% and Nepal Shalimar Paints, 13%)were above 600 ppm

All paints sampled from Pacific and Charter were below 90 ppm lead

Paint manufacturers information not available

While most samples manufactured by TOA have lead levels below 90 ppm, several brands still contain lead levels higher than 1,000 ppm. The two AZKO Nobel (ICI)samples were below 90 ppm

PRELIMINARY DATA FROM LEAD IN PAINT ANALYSIS IN SIX ASIAN COUNTRIES (AS OF 20 OCTOBER,

2013)

Peraturan terkait timbal dalam cat di Indonesia

Leading market di Indonesia

Sumber: Mars Indonesia, Mei 2013)

SAMPELS

HASIL PENELITIAN

Kadar timbal menurut warna

Perbandingan dengan studi terdahulu

Sumber: Clark, C. Scott. et.al. (2009). Lead levels in new enamel household paints from Asia, Africa and South America. Environmental Research 109 (7), October 2009, pp. 930–936.

Menuju 90 ppmKesepakatan global GAELP (UNEP & WHO) dan SAICM goal 2020: lead in paint < 90 ppm

Kesiapan industri kecil, menengah dan besar

Kesiapan penyedia pigmen dan drier

Standar nasional dan peraturan yang relevan

Capacity building

Technical assistance

Terimakasih