jurnal diabetes upa dlam b.inggris

7/24/2019 Jurnal Diabetes Upa Dlam b.inggris

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INTERNET JOURNAL OF THE

INSTITUTE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

AND PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE

TREATMENT OF DIABETES WITH

CHINESE HERBS AND ACUPUNCTUREby Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon

Web Posting Date: January 2003

Key medical terms:diabetes mellitus, NIDDM (type 2 diabetes, non-insulin dependent)

Key Chinese medical references:deficiency and impairment of qi, yin, and yang

Chinese herbs:alisma, anemarrhena, astragalus, atractylodes, dioscorea, ginseng, ho-shou-wu,hoelen, lycium, platycodon, polygonatum, pueraria, rehmannia, salia, scrophularia, trichosanthes

Chinese formulas:Baihu Jia Renshen Tang, iu!ei Dihuang "an, Ba!ei Dihuang "an,Maimendong #in$i, %angfeng Tongsheng San, #u &uan "an, 'iao (e "an

SUMMARY: Diabetes is out of control in the U.S., with incidence rates as high as 15-20% in

some population groups e.g., the elderl!, blac"s, #ispanics, and $atie &mericans', and with

substantial increases in all age and racial groups in the past few !ears. (hinese medicine, rel!ing

mainl! on herb formulas, but also on acupuncture, has been utili)ed e*tensiel! in +ast &sia to

reduce blood sugar in persons with diabetes, especiall! those with the most common t!pe non-

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, $DD'. ased on e*tensie laborator! and clinical

ealuations, about 20 herbs hae emerged as primar! candidates for treatment. /hese herbs hae

been utili)ed in a small number of traditional formulations for centuries, both for treating obious

diabetes and for other disorders that produce similar s!mptoms. &cupuncturists hae identified

about 20 points on the bod! that appear to be effectie in lowering blood sugar t!picall!, a do)en

of these points are selected for treatment at one time. &lthough more clinical research needs to be

done to demonstrate the leel of effectieness of the herbs and acupuncture, these methods of

therap! are currentl! aailable in man! locations in the estern cultures as a result of the

increasing acceptance of (hinese medicine during the past three decades. /his article outlines the

histor! and deelopment of (hinese approaches to diabetes and reeals the currentl! accepted

concepts. & second article will present treatment for secondar! effects of diabetes, such as

impairment of circulation and resulting damage to the e!es, peripheral neuropath!, and increased

ris" of heart attac".

EATMENT OF DIABETES WITH

INESE HERBS AND ACUPUNCTUREwering Blood Sg!r


2/16

by Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon

Diabetes is a maor health problem worldwide, but particularl! in &merica. t is estimated that about 2.1

sease is out of control in &merica. n the U.S., current estimates are that oer 4% of the adult populatiotes mellitus late onset or non-insulin-dependent6 $DD'. /!pe 2 diabetes usuall! appears around the

ears in some cases of obesit!. /he incidence rate becomes 7uite high among elderl! &mericans 20% f

ic or other predispositions including blac"s 18%', hispanics 15%', and $atie &mericans 1%'. 9urt

ng, apparentl! because of increased rates of obesit!.

data on prealence of diabetes across the United States in 18 left' and in 2000 right'. /he rise in di

tes had less than 8% of the population with diabetes, and onl! 10 states had under 5%.

Despite the maor medical adances in rapid and eas! monitoring of blood sugar and treatment with dru

regulation that can be attained b! standard methods, particularl! when patients are not full! compliant

uate to aoid common secondar! effects of diabetes, including cardioascular diseases, degeneratie e!

ation, and "idne! failure. /hus, inestigating other aenues for aiding the treatment of diabetes and its sta"ing.

&lthough the incidence of diabetes is far lower in (hina than in the U.S., predictions are that (hina and

orld3s main site of diabetes cases b! the !ear 2025' due to the combined high population and change in

se has been "nown since ancient times and it has been a subect of considerable laborator! and clinical

se medicine will no doubt pla! an important role in the coming !ears in the population of +ast &sia. (

l prescriptions, acupuncture, and dietar! recommendations. /here is not a single established treatment

onal medical ideas about diabetes and the research that has been conducted to date to gie guidance in

art series focuses on treatments to lower blood sugar part focuses on treatment of secondar! manife

ractitioners of (hinese medicine in the U.S. and other estern countries often hae more time to spend

rs. /his e*tra time gies an opportunit! for e*ploring with the patient the "e! roles of e*ercise and diet

reenting its deelopment with aging for those who do not currentl! hae the disease. hile acupunctu

nts, it is clear from the eidence that e*ists that as much or more can be accomplished through changes

current with information about dietar! adice, as some concepts that were common ust a few !ears ag

re replaced b! new approaches bac"ed b! recent research.


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F HISTORY OF CHIESE !E"ICIE #" "I#BETES

se medicine owes its current stature to the long histor! of its practice, dating bac" more than 2,000 !ea

se ph!sicians appear to hae had a reasonabl! good understanding of diabetes since ancient times. n o

!, theHuangdi Neijing1', compiled around 100 .(., the condition "nown as xiaoke is mentioned. /h

stion. /he literal translation of the term is emaciation-thirst, referring to the disease manifestation wheht despite eating normall!, and thirst is persistent. &ccording to this ancient te*t, the s!ndrome arises fr

t is said that it t!picall! occurs among wealth! people6

atigue and is considered ideal for diabetes of recent onset.

n @52 &.D., the distinguished ph!sician ang /ao mentioned that diabetes was indicated b! sweet urin

eas as a treatment, impl!ing that the pancreas was the organ inoled in the disease A'. 9urther, he sug

ted dail! b! tasting for sweetness' to determine the progress of the disease and its treatment.

iu ansu ca. 1120-1200 &.D.' propounded the theor! that diseases are usuall! caused b! heat in the b

cold nature 8'. :ne of his published formulas for diabetes, :phiopogon and /richosanthes (ombinati

bed as clearing heat and nourishing !in. t is comprised almost entirel! of herbs that hae been shown

her of his formulas, Siler and ;lat!codon 9ormula Fangfeng Tongsheng San', is recommended b! man

mpan!ing t!pe 2 diabetic s!ndrome 5'.

! the latter half of the 20th centur!, there were about 200 standard prescriptions recorded as suitable fo

be iewed as combinations that rel! primaril! on about two do)en anti-diabetic ingredients see /able, p

other herbs are understood to hae complementar! properties assist the function of the main herbs' o

disease. /he main traditional prescriptions brought forward include >ehmannia +ight 9ormula and its

ng and ?!psum (ombination, and :phiopogon and /richosanthes (ombination.

& theor! has arisen as to how diabetes progresses @, 81'. /he disease begins with a deficienc! of !in. /

nt, who often shows obese constitution and low metabolism, signs that would correspond to e*cess of !

earl! stage of diabetes actuall! hae a h!peractie metabolism that does not proide useful energ!. #en

ed hunger persists, sugar pours out in the urine, thirst deelops, and there ma! be eas! sweating. /his !

logical and then parches the !in. /he imbalance of !in and !ang eentuall! degrades and inhibits the 7

secondar! effects, such as blood stasis and damp-heat, manifest, causing man! serious s!mptoms 2'

eentuall! becomes impaired, and the patient, now with adanced disease, has a combined deficienc! o

ER HISTORY OF E$#%TI' HERBS #" FOR!&%#S

esearch on diabetes treatment has been ongoing for seeral decades, !et remains in the deelopmental s


4/16

laborator! animal studies of blood-sugar lowering effects of herbs were conducted in (hina, Corea, an

al commonl! used herbs were shown to lower blood sugar, including !in nourishing rehmannia, scroph

ng, atract!lodes, and pol!gonatum haungjing, which also nourishes !in' and heat clearing herbs, such

isma. /his h!pogl!cemic effect occurred when the herbs were used to treat blood sugar increases indu

one.

ince the 140s, a much inigorated program of diabetes research arose. $ew laborator! ealuations we

ical allo*an selectiel! destro!s the beta cells of the pancreas. /hus, mice, rabbits, or other laborator! a

etic s!ndrome 7uite similar to that of a person who has insulin-dependent diabetes t!pe , earl! onset'

annia +ight 9ormula reduced blood sugar in allo*an-treated rabbits in a 140 ournal report 4'. (omp

als with those in allo*an-treated animals proides some indication of the mechanisms b! which the herb

mation is obtained when using the same herbs to treat animals affected b! epinephrine. ;rogress has be

escribed in 1@-that gain weight unusuall! and begin deeloping a t!pe 2 diabetes after about 10 wee

h!pogl!cemic role of ginseng and its actie constituents in the traditional formula ?inseng and ?!psu

erhaps the most e*tensie laborator! inestigation of (hinese herbs for diabetes has been carried out bnal >esearch nstitute of (hinese edicine in /aiwan 14'. Dr. #uang tested a ariet! of herb e*tracts

er to compare the impacts of the herbs with or without insulin inolement. /o obtain more significant

ferent times after administration of herbs, in glucose tolerance tests, and with differing dosages of the h

#erbs that showed significant h!pogl!cemic action in both allo*an-treated and untreated mice included

onal formulas, such as red atract!lodes cangzhu', c!perus, and phaseolus mung bean'. #erbs that sho

an-treated mice but little effect in normal mice, howeer, matched the pattern of traditional herb therap!

alus, coi*, moutan, l!cium bar", l!cium fruit, trichosanthes root, alisma, and asparagus root. /radition

gl!cemic actiit! b! these tests included >ehmannia Si* 9ormula Liuwei Dihuang Tang', >ehmannia

ng and ?!psum (ombination Baihu Jia Renshen Tang'.

he dosages of herbs administered to the mice to obtain the significant h!pogl!cemic action ranged from

and it is difficult to translate the effects seen in these diabetes models with these herb dosages to huma

ted to be at the high end of the range normall! recommended for treatment of other diseases based on t

& summar! of (hinese laborator! research on h!pogl!cemic agents, reported in the boo"sModern S"d

'!r(!%olog# !nd A$$li%!"ion) o& C'ine)e M!"eri! Medi%!1A' !ielded the following listing of her

there were also a small number of additional herbs that showed positie effect but are not included rep

shed clinical trials. $ote that most of the materials are roots and rhi)omes and man! of the herbs contai

Co((on N!(e

Pin#in N!(e

Bo"!ni%!l N!(e

Pl!n" P!r"

Co((en")

Alisa !lan"ago#a$ua"ica in >ehmannia Si* and >

triterpenes

&nemarrhena Anea%%hena as!hodeloides in ?inseng and ?!psum

/richosanthes (ombina


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h!pogl!cemic action

&stragalus As"%agalus e&%anaceus contains flaonoids and

&tract!lodes A"%ac"'lodes ac%oce!hala contains essential oils

&tract!lodes, red

cangzhuA"%ac"'lodes lancea contains essential oils

treated rabbits

Dioscorea

shan'ao

Diosco%ea &a"a"as in >ehmannia Si* and >

(anax ginseng in ?inseng and ?!psum/richosanthes (ombina

#o-shou-wu

heshouwu

(ol'gonu ul"iflo%u treats peripheral neurop

(o%ia cocosmushroom

in >ehmannia Si* and >and /richosanthes (om

B!cium bar" L'ciu chinense slow and lasting action

L'ciu chinense produces sustained dec

carboh!drates

;lat!codon (la"'codon g%andifoliu contains saponins redutreated animals

;ol!gonatum

huangjing

(ol'gona"u si&i%icu inhibits epinephrine-ind

(ue%a%ia lo&a"a in :phiopogon and /ri

>ehmannia Rehannia glu"inosa in >ehmannia Si* and >/richosanthes (ombina

danshen

Sal)ia il"io%%hiza shows prolonged h!pog

Scrophularia

xuanshen

Sc%o!hula%ia ning!oensis action is wea"er than re

/richosanthes"ianhuafen

T%ichosan"hes ki%ilowii in :phiopogon and /ri

(ol'gona"u officinale contains gl!cosides red

IC#% #((%IC#TIOS

cal trials of (hinese herbs for diabetes hae been conducted with increasing fre7uenc! oer the past thi


6/16

cine in 1@5, Dr. /a"ahide Cuwa"i reported on partial success in treating 15 diabetes patients with trad

d duration of using herbs ranged from 2 to A4 months' showed notable improements 4'. n eiing,

rtment of /raditional (hinese edicine at the (apital #ospital a summar! of their recommendations h

tunit! for estern practitioners to proide similar treatments to their patients 18'. n (hangchun, the C

ished in 1E researchers there published results of a highl! successful clinical trial of herbs used for nts showed mar"ed improements after consuming a comple* formula comprised almost entirel! of her

/hese (hinese clinics, and other facilities in (hina and =apan, hae proided herbal treatments to thous

often been monitored and reported.

*amples of clinical recommendations and ealuatie trials for the treatment of diabetes are presented i

"ion!l C'ine)e Medi%ine1@'. /he formulas that had been shown to hae h!pogl!cemic effects in the

ng and ?!psum (ombination, were recommended to treat those who hae normal insulin secretion but

n-independent diabetes'. /hese formulas are for the common 7i and !in deficienc! s!ndrome found in

ion of >ehmannia Si* 9ormula was also suggested, made b! adding anemarrhena and phellodendron t

>educing Sugar /ablet & Jiang Tang Jia (ian', comprised of astragalus, pol!gonatum, trichosanthes ro

mmended for those with low leels of insulin, but who are still capable of producing insulin. /he herbs

2.A grams raw material per tablet, 4 tablets each time, three times dail!, for a total dose of oer 80 gram

s were said to be enhancing sugar tolerance and eleating the leel of serum insulin. n the treatment o

uanganmen #ospital, @4.5% of the patients had improed sugar tolerance. &mong those patients who m

-those with 7i and !in deficienc!-the effectie rate was slightl! higher, E1%.

>ehmannia +ight 9ormula was recommended for those patients who produced little or no insulin. /his i

senting a deficienc! of !in and !ang the cinnamon bar" and aconite added to >ehmannia Si* 9ormula

tore !ang'. n laborator! animal studies, use of this formula resulted in reduction of water demand thir

ade Spring ;ill Yu *uan Wan', a patent formula from (hina, is recommended for diabetes treatment in

was large hone! pills of about 4 grams each', for at least one month. n laborator! animal studies, this

/he Sichuan ;roince United ;harmaceutical anufactor!, deeloped a second generation of =ade Spr

rehmannia, licorice, schi)andra, and other herbs not mentioned on the label. /hese pills are indicated in

of Bangerhans.< /he relatiel! small pills are pac"ed into small bottles with a total of 4 grams each, an

mpanied b! instructions to ta"e one bottle each time, four times dail! the bo* is a fie da! suppl! at 28

d on the pac"age insert, the new product had been clinicall! proed to hae an improed rate of cure an

useful for the earl! stage of diabetes, when !in deficienc! and dr!ness dominate. n a recent clinical e

tes, =ade Spring ;ills, used for the control group, was reported to be effectie in reducing blood sugar f

eeral clinical trials hae been reported in (hinese medical ournals with brief +nglish summaries app

Cong publication produced from 1E4-14'. & representatie report is one that originall! appeared in

cal (ollege in 1E 1E'. ;atients were treated with a decoction containing astragalus, codonopsis, rehm

!lodes, anemarrhena, and tang-"uei. /his combination of 7i and !in tonics plus blood itali)ing herbs i

disease showing some secondar! s!mptoms. odifications of the formula would also be made for the

! of secondar! manifestations of the disease, including nephropath!, peripheral neuropath!, dermatolo


7/16

ng 1 non-insulin dependent cases treated, fasting blood glucose leels decreased from the pretreatmen

nt with insulin-dependent diabetes showed a decline in fasting blood sugar from 500 mg% before treatm

ment. ?enerall!, it was found that blood glucose decreased after 1-2 wee"s of treatment and became ste

es were followed b! s!mptomatic improements.

& new patent formulation deeloped b! the (hengdu Uniersit! of /raditional (hinese edicine and ;h

ang Wan >ehmannia Si* 9ormula with tang-"uei and red peon!' with added morus leaf, litchi seed, an

nstrated to be effectie in lowering blood sugar A8, A5, A4'.

ERETI#% THER#(Y

ugh certain herbs hae been identified as haing h!pogl!cemic actiit!, (hinese ph!sicians prefer usin

ential diagnosis rather than rel!ing solel! on herbs proen effectie in laborator! tests. &s an e*ample

wing is the strateg! outlined b! Bu >enhe in the treatment of E45 elderl! patients with diabetes 81' the

entiated diagnostic categories. #e first diided the disease into fie stages, representing a progression f

of the bod! s!stems note that


8/16

n the case of rhubarb-containing formulas, the rhubarb would be included onl! so long as constipation

ed.

ren"i!l Tre!"(en" o& Di!*e"e) *# S"!ge !nd S#ndro(e

#ndro(e +, o& $!"ien")-

Prin%i$le o& Tre!"(en" M!in Her*

Gin deficienc! causing h!peractie !ang ' nourish !in, chec" e*uberance of !ang rehmannia

trichosanthe

Deficienc! of !in with e*uberance of lier 11' replenish lier !in rehmannia wu, pueraria

. >etained heat in the stomach and intestines @0' dispel eil heat from the stomach and intestine, protect 7i andg!psum, cal

raw', puera

. Stagnant 7i of the lier transforming to heat 45' disperse stagnanc! of 7i of the lier and remoe eil heatbupleurum,

pueraria, tri

. Deficienc! of spleen with accumulation of dampness andeat 50'

inigorate the function of the spleen, resole dampness,assisted b! remoal of heat and diuresis

red atract!lopol!porus, h

trichosanthe

. >etained heat in the lung forming to*ic heat 20' clear heat in the lung, remoe to*in adenophora

fors!thia, scchin-chiu

. Unrelieed dr!ness and heat leading to impairment of 7ind !in of the "idne! E0' reinforce the "idne!, replenish 7i, oercome dr!ness,inigorate blood circulation pol!gonatumpueraria, tri

. mpairment of 7i and !in causing lac" of nourishment to

e channels and conduits 0'

reinforce the "idne!, replenish 7i, inigorate blood

circulation, strengthen the pulse to restore flow of 7i

pol!gonatum

peon!, sali

. mpairment of 7i and !in damaging the spleen and lungreinforce 7i, inigorate the spleen, replenish the 7i of theastragalus, aophiopogon

chih-shih

. mpairment of 7i and !in damaging the heart and spleenreinforce the "idne! and replenish 7i of spleen and heartpol!gonatum

rehmannia

. mpairment of 7i and !in resulting from persistentampness 40'

regulate the center to resole dampness, protecting the 7i andplat!codon,codonopsis,

. mpairment of 7i and !in causing stagnanc! in the lier

ith blood stasis 45'

replenish 7i, nourish !in, remoe stagnanc! of the lier,

resole blood stasis

pseudostella

bupleurum,

schi)andra,

H. mpairment of !in, !ang, and 7i leading to stagnation ofhlegm and 7i 50'

regulate and replenish !in and !ang and actiate the bloodpol!gonatumrehmannia


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pueraria, tri

H. mpairment of !in, !ang, and 7i causing lac" of

ourishment for the pectoral energ! and sinews A0'

reinforce the 7i, replenish the "idne!, inigorate the !ang,

strengthen the sinews

&merican g

pipefish, sea


ourishment to the tendons and muscles A0'

reinforce 7i, inigorate the spleen, nourish the lier and&stragalus,

pol!porus, hophiopogon


ourishment to the stomach and intestines 80'

regulate and reinforce 7i, moe the bowels pol!gonatum

licorice, chi

. 9ailure of !in, !ang, and 7i E5' attempt emergenc! treatment address spec

#'E #" FOR! OF #"!IISTR#TIO

osage of herbs applied to treatment of diabetes is often 7uite high. &s reealed b! the e*perience with

mula that is considered highl! effectie must be ta"en in dosages of about 12-28 grams per da! een wh

e from about 80-E0 grams of crude herbs' in conenient form. /his apparent re7uirement is reflected intion form.

n the boo" Clini%!l E$erien%e)1', a number of different decoctions are suggested. /he dosages of

ription< containing three herbs astragalus, rehmannia, and dioscorea, A0 grams each in decoction' at a

h of three formulas for !in deficienc! s!ndrome each prescription contains rehmannia, ophiopogon, a

a!. /here is also presented in this boo" a modified >ehmannia +ight 9ormula for adanced cases show

osage. &dded to >ehmannia +ight 9ormula are the anti-diabetes herbs trichosanthes root, pueraria, sal

that the earl!-onset t!pe of diabetes responds poorl!, but the insulin-independent t!pe with slow onset

n the boo" /00 F!(o) !nd E&&e%"i1e Pre)%ri$"ion) o& An%ien" !nd Modern Ti(e)20', the Decoct

ins rehmannia, trichosanthes root, dioscorea, g!psum, ophiopogon, dendrobium, and seen other herbs

with 224 grams of herbs for a dail! dose. /his formula is usuall! prescribed with additional herbs to a

e often reaches 250 grams. n a stud! with 215 diabetic patients, it was reported that 42 cases were reli

ine the fasting blood glucose declined to below 1A0 mg%. &dditionall!, EE others had some degree of

n the boo" In"egr!"ing C'ine)e !nd We)"ern Medi%ine21', four herb formulas are described6 each o

with oer 250 grams of herb materials thus, oer 125 gramsda!'. &ll four formulas contain twele to

annia, and salia. $othing is said directl! about the degree of effectieness of the formulas, but the te*t

er! effectie,< citing >ehmannia Si* 9ormula, =ade Spring ;ills, and Diabetes ;ills +iao ,e Wan'.

A Clini%!l 2ide "o C'ine)e Her*) !nd For(l!)22', three formulas for diabetes are presented. /gl!cemic herbs as mentioned aboe, and the dosage is usuall! 10-15 grams of each maor ingredient, w

100 grams per da!. /he formulas can be modified for specific s!mptoms, which might add about 10 to

he large amount of raw materials apparentl! needed for treating diabetes ma! be a reflection of the nee

d non-to*ic actie components e.g., flaonoids, saponins, al"aloids, iridoids, anthra7uinones' deried

ements within a t!pical treatment period of three months or less. t is e*pected that most of the anti-d


10/16

pro*imatel! 2% or less' of the dried herb material. Decoctions that hae 0-150 grams of materials or

gl!cemic constituents, perhaps an aerage of 250 mg of each chemical t!pe.

(ondensing the actie components will !ield dried materials that must be ta"en at a leel that is often st

ple, dried decoctions manufactured mainl! in /aiwan and =apan' of mi*ed herbs t!picall! !ield a prods of raw materials !ields 100 grams of finished product'. Such materials are aailable in the est and o

7uialent of a dosage of 100 grams of crude herbs in decoction, one would consume about 20 grams of

bs would be a 5 da! suppl!. /his is similar to the dosing for the second generation =ade Spring ;ills de

&ttempts hae been made to isolate actie constituents, as one wa! of ma"ing treatment more conenien

tages of whole herbs and formulas. :ne item of current interest is the al"aloid berberine, which has ma

gl!cemia. >ats treated with allo*an and with berberine were less li"el! to show blood glucose rise and

endent diabetes patients treated with A00-500 mg of berberine dail! for one to three months along with

sugar 2A'. erberine is an actie component of coptis and phellodendron, used in seeral diabetes pre

& flaonoid-rich fraction isolated from guaa leaes was e*tracted, made into tablets with 800 mg of th

e of 4-12 tablets each time, three times dail! total dail! dose is @.2-18.8 grams', to produce h!pogl!ce

onents of man! herbs, though not necessaril! the "e! components of most anti-diabetes herbs.

?inseng and its saponins hae been studied in allo*an-treated, geneticall! diabetic, and normal mice 28

ins also stimulate the production of insulin. n elderl! patients with h!pergl!cemia, the saponins reduc

all! proided in tablets of 50 mg each, with a dose of 1-2 tablets each time, two to three times per da!.

dian herb g!mnemma, hae been shown to lower blood sugar, and the dosing appears to be in a range

till, an article in the =ournal of /raditional (hinese edicine 24' suggests that a condensed blend of he described treatment of 102 cases of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, using the -an Lu +iao ,ecapsu

pogon, asparagus, scrophularia, cornus, tang-"uei, hoelen, alisma, and cuscuta. ;atients were treated w

ge blood glucose leel fell from an initial alue of 200 mg% to 158 mg%. /he dosage of material in th

er, the results were also modest A0% were mar"edl! improed, 5@% were improed, but the aerage

d receie additional herbs to treat specific s!mptoms6 those herbs, adding to the total dosage, might also

&nother e*ample, was a report about treatment of persons with ascular complications of insulin-indepe

lar disease of the lower e*tremities, stro"e, retinopath!, etc.'. /he! were treated with a sugar-reducing,

dients were not specified other than astragalus and rehmannia the formula is said to tonif! 7i, nourish b

ered and gien in capsules, at a dosage of 2-A grams each time, three times dail! 2'. /he treatment tim

ed effectie, it would then be continued. mproements in blood parameters were noted in E2% of the c

h the formula mainl! addressed', but onl! about 4A% for other cases !in deficienc! with fire, or !in an

ng blood sugar was maintained below 150 mg% for @@% of those treated.

urther inestigation is necessar! to determine the minimum formula si)e number of ingredients' and t

st form powdered herbs, e*tracts, or a combination' to get the desired effects. /he use of nutritional s

might add to the benefits of herbal medicine prescriptions, a factor that has not !et been the subect of s


11/16

BII' "I#BETES "R&'S )ITH HERBS

is no eidence that diabetes drugs and (hinese herb therapies are incompatible, but there is a concern

decline too far. f the herbs are added graduall! oer a few da!s with continued monitoring of blood sug

ssfull! contribute to lowering blood sugar, drug dosage ma! be reduced under a ph!sician3s instruction

hile (hinese literature sometimes mentions, in passing, the use of (hinese herbs along with modern d

ot commonl! presented. & report on integrated (hinese and estern treatment of diabetes was publishe

mula made with codonopsis, astragalus, atract!lodes, rehmannia, ophiopogon, and l!cium fruit was gi

hose with non-insulin-dependent t!pe, the! were treated with the same mi*ture either alone or with tolb

form, were gien twice dail! for three months. t was reported that the herbs e*hibited a h!pogl!cemi

. 9or the group of 5A patients treated, the aerage fasting blood glucose at the beginning was 1@@ and a

er clinical trial 1E', a group of 10 patients was identified who had responded poorl! to estern drugs

were then gien both the herbs and drugs concurrentl!. Significant improements were obsered in eig

ted to reduce the dosage of insulin needed b! patients and to prolong the action of a dose of insulin 1A

(&CT&RE FOR "I#BETESuncture therap! is a common approach to treating diabetes in (hina. an! &mericans assume that acup

ps because the initial introduction of acupuncture was mainl! for this application. ndeed, the general o

to be used mainl! for treating chronic bac" pain. /herefore, relatiel! few people hae turned to acupu

e with pain and other health problems for which acupuncture is selected also hae diabetes.

& report in the 18 =ournal of /raditional (hinese edicine A@' seres as a model of (hinese research

nts with diabetes and diided them randoml! into two groups6 the acupuncture group AE patients' and t

found to be well matched for s!mptoms and laborator! results blood and urine tests'. oth groups foll

receied acupuncture. +lectrical stimulation of the needles was used this method replaces twirling thelus that can be continued for the entire treatment period'. &cupuncture was administered once a da! for

$uchi B-11',san'injiao S;-4',zusanli S/-A4', and'ishu special diabetes point located at 1.5 cun la

Eth thoracic ertebra'. Supplemental points include'ujiBU-10',guan'uan (H-8', and &aihui ?H-2

or the control group, a well-"nown herbal pill,+iaoke Wan or Diabetes ;ill, was administered. /his pi

of effectieness was alread! established. /he patients were not using diabetes drugs during the trial e*c

ions.

o ealuate the effects of treatment, three leels of responses were defined. ;atients who e*perienced m

nitial s!mptoms essentiall! disappear b! the end of the one month treatment and their fasting blood-su

two hours after a meal would be below 150'. 9urther, the 28-hour, urine-sugar content was reduced b!ginning of treatment. /hese patients were not


12/16


13/16

eficienc! of spleen !ang 4' warm and inigorate the spleen and "idne! ingen ?

'inling$

eficienc! of lung 7i and spleen 7i 5' warm the spleen and nourish the lung to replenish 7i B-

he authors concluded that the best results were attained in !ounger patients and those with milder diseuncture treatment of diabetes 80', #u #ui, of the Dong)himen #ospital of the eiing /( Uniersit!

g bac"shupoints e.g., the bladder meridian points', front mu points e.g., the conception essel point

!, and lier points'. #e listed the most commonl! used points

shu,!ishu,shenshu,zusaanli,san'injiao,guan'uan, "aixi,zhongwan,geshu,'ishu, $uchi, hegu,shen

hengjiang.

%YI' THE #C&(&CT&RE TECHI*&ES HERE

U.S., it is uncommon for people to receie acupuncture therap! eer! da!, as is the method used in the

cal ournals. nstead, one ma! underta"e a course of therap! with acupuncture once or twice per wee". $

ment is not as great as with dail! acupuncture. #oweer, through the combination of the less fre7uent acreasonabl! e*pect to accomplish results comparable to those reported in (hina where the maorit! of p

ali)ation and relief of s!mptoms. est results are e*pected for !ounger indiiduals and those who hae

ost acupuncturists in the U.S. hae not been called upon to treat man! patients with diabetes, mainl! b

uitable for that disorder. $onetheless, acupuncturists are in a position to proide e*pert treatment becau

us other combinations' for treating other disorders. 9or e*ample, the acupuncture pointzusanli called S

ost commonl! used points for chronic diseases and is used especiall! when the disease is obiousl! aff

s listed aboe hae been used in the U.S. and other countries. /he needling techni7ues reported for the

d world-wide, without re7uiring special additional training.

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Iie Fhufan and #uang Iio"ai eds.', Di%"ion!r# o& Tr!di"ion!l C'ine)e Medi%ine, 1E8 (

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&e% 3223

ESS:Seen 9orests herb formulas are aailable onl! b! prescription from a licensed health care professional. Gou chere

'er in&or(!"ion lin5):(D( site for diabetes information and other helpful lin"s6http6www.cdc.godiabetesfa7s

ore information about Biuwei Dihuang an, see the article6 >ehmannia Si* 9ormula.oide !our comments Kno medical consultations can be offeredL, e-mail6 itmMitmonline.org
http://www.itmonline.org/pract.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/faqs.htmhttp://www.itmonline.org/arts/rehm6.htmmailto:[email protected]://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/faqs.htmhttp://www.itmonline.org/arts/rehm6.htmmailto:[email protected]://www.itmonline.org/pract.htm

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