Jenis jenis texs dan fungsional texsDalam bahasa inggris

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OlehNama : Nesyya amanda

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SMP NEGERI 9JLN H T DAUDSYAH NO 26

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Jenis jenis texs

Definition, Purpose, Characteristics, Descriptive Text andExamplesA. Definition , Purpose, Characteristics, Descriptive Text and ExamplesBefore looking What is the definition of descriptive text as a whole, let us understand whatis meant by the word descriptive itself. Descriptive is an adjective that if we mean inIndonesian means that the description (picture). If you were asked to describe an object, itmeans you have to describe the object in question both in the size, color and soforth. According to Wikipedia, is a Descriptive text is:a method of data processing effort into something that can be explained clearly andaccurately in order to be understood by people who do not directly experience it for yourselfSo what is meant by descriptive text is an article or text that describes the propertiesinherent in something, be it humans, animals, plants, or inanimate objects such as houses,cars and so forth.B. Purpose Descriptive TextJudging from the above understanding, then in fact we are able to understand what is thepurpose of descriptive text. Another goal is to describe everything be it human, animal,plant or inanimate objects with properties attached to it such as size, type, color, and soforth so that the reader or the reader can figure out what something is out of the picture weconvey even though he has not never seen.C. Struktur Text (Generic Structure)Descriptive text has its own rules in writing, including in the structure or composition ofwhich must be written in order. If you are prompted to create descriptive text, then makesure the structure is as follows:1. Identification : This section - in the first paragraph - the goal is to identify something to

be described or depicted. Explanation easy, Identification serves to introduce the readerabout the object or something that we have described before we tell about its

properties. The goal is not to get one of those readers. We want to describe a car, forexample, but the reader assumed motors.Example: you are asked to describe your new car, then the contents of his identificationis: My dad just bought a new car. This car is long I craved, but only now my fatherbought. (Means to be portrayed is my car, not the car someone else).

2. Description : This section - in the second paragraph and the next - contains theproperties inherent in something that you already introduced to the reader in the firstparagraph.Example (continued on cars above): Mobil my new car is a sport the latest release fromToyota. Total bench only two, one for the driver and one passenger, as well as thedoor. The car can accelerate to a speed of 500 km / h, almost the same as the speed ofthe aircraft of type Fokker.

D. Characteristics of Descriptive TextThese characteristics are important for you to take into account when writing thedescriptive text is not wrong. So make sure you use the following features when using thegenre will write descriptive text:1. Using the Simple Present Tense . Why use the simple present tense? this is because we

will describe a fact or truth that is attached to something or someone. And one of thefunctions of the simple present is to illustrate a fact or truth (eg fact: the sun ishot). Therefore, you should always use the first form of the verb (verb-1).For example you will describe the properties of your new car: The color of mycar is black, it can run up to 500 km / hour.

2. Because its function is to describe something by explaining its properties, then thedescriptive text will be found many adjectives (adjective), as handsome, beautiful, tall,small, big, or if the adjective is derived from the verb, then you will find additional -ve, -ing, -nt in tow,Example:create (create)> creative (people are good at making something).interest (interest)> interesting (something that is interesting)

3. In the descriptive text we will often find Relating verb (copula) which is (as incharacteristic number 1).In Indonesian is often interpreted as "is". Because the purposeor function descriptive text is to describe, then definitely we will often find the word was(is). His name is Andy (his name was Andy), his height is 160 cm (height is 160 cm).

E. Sample Descriptive Text and explanation .

.Example 1: Borobudur Temple .Borobudur is Hindu – Budhist temple. It was build in the nineth century under Sailendradynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java,Indonesia.

Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Guptaarchitecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 m high and consist of eight steplike stone terrace. The first five terrace are square and surrounded by walls adorned withBudist sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a circle ofbell shape-stupa. The entire adifice is crowned by a large stupa at the centre at the centre ofthe top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of passage andstarways. The design of borobudur which symbolizes the structure of universe influencestemples at Angkor, Cambodia.

explanation :1. The first paragraph: Identification , describes the superficial detail about Borobudur

temple will be described so that the reader will not misunderstand the temple is beingdiscussed. That the temple in question is named Borobudur temple, which is located inMagelang, Central Java.

2. Second paragraph: Description , contains an explanation or description of theBorobudur by describing its properties such as:- located on a hill with a height of 46 meters and consists of 8 levels as the terrace.

- 5 first-level box-shaped (square) and dogged wall.- 3 top-level round-shaped (circular).

Definition, Structure, Characteristics and Procedure TextExamplesA. Definition Procedure TextBefore explaining about the generic structure, characteristics and procedure text forexample, I'll start this explanation of defining procedure text either in English or inIndonesian.Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through asequence of actions or steps.

So is the procedure text is a genre of text that serves to illustrate how something is done oraccomplished through a sequence of actions or steps that correctly.B. Purpose Procedure TextCommunicative purpose of the procedure text is how a writer is able to hang the reader onhow to do, finish or achieve something by way of a coherent and correct orprocedural. Actual views of the term, we would have been able to understand what ismeant with the procedure text. So maybe this is one genre of text without the previouslydescribed but we've been able to feel what the purpose of this text.C. Generic Structure Procedure Text1. The Goal of Activity

In this section, the author tries to explain about what is going to be made or achieved through a

series of steps which will be explained in the next paragraph so that readers do not

misunderstand what is being said.

2. Any Materials Needed for Procedure

Once the reader knows something that will be done or achieved, then the author presents the

material or materials to be prepared or required to be something that can be achieved with

good. So make sure all the ingredients or materials are complete before you start making it.

3. Steps to Achieve the goal

if the materials or the materials needed are complete, then the author tell you the steps that

must be done in a coherent or sequence. So at this section the author should explain it in

sequence and should not be jumping.

4. Conclusion

Conclusion which contains about the end result of what has been done in accordance with the

steps that have been determined.

D. Characteristics Procedure Text Editor1. Focus on common human agents.

2. The use of the present tense.

3. often Imperative / orders form, such as: make (make), use (use) and so on.

4. Conjuctions use temporal (or numbering sequence for the show).

Examples: then, after that, before, after, while, and so forth.

E. Sample Procedure Text

Contoh 1: How to Make a MilkshakeA milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or icedmilk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate sauce, orfruit syrup. If you want to make a delicious milkshake by your selves, then this is the wayhow to make it.

The ingredients that you need to make a milkshake are:

4 cups vanilla ice cream

2 cups milk

4 teaspoons chocolate sauce (optional)

1 cup fresh or frozen strawberries

Now, follow these steps to make a milkshake.

1. Place milkshake glasses into the freezer. Using cold glasses will help the shake stay cool to give

you time to enjoy. Leave for up to an hour if possible.

2. Soften ice cream. It is easier to make a shake when the ice cream is slightly soft. Take the ice

cream out of the freezer a few minutes before making your shake.

3. Place the ingredients into a blender. Mix the ice cream, milk and added flavors into the blender.

Blend on high for one minute. Don’t leave in the blender for longer or the shake will melt

quickly.

4. Pour shakes into frosty glasses. Take the glasses out of the freezer as soon as the blending is

complete. Then pour the shake mixture in.

5. Drop a straw into the shake, then enjoy. You can sip a shake right from the glass but somehow

the straw adds to the flavor and the experience.

If you do not have a blender, you may substitute with a mixer, but be careful as it could bemessy. And if you do not have anything else to mix, just use a spoon, but let the ice creamthaw first to make the milkshake easier to mix. Enjoy your milkshake.

Explanation:1. The first paragraph: the Goal . The author tried to explain what it milkshake and why he wrote

this article, which is to tell the reader how to make a milkshake.

2. The second paragraph: the Materials Needed . Contains ingredients to be prepared and be

required to make a milkshake.

3. Third paragraph: Steps , which contains steps that is shared by the authors to make a milkshake

from the first step to become a milkshake.

4. Fourth paragraph: Conclusion . So in conclusion, as the name suggests shake (shake) the making

milkshakes have to use tools like the blender, if not, the author recommends using a mixer, even

if it did not have at all, then it could use a sponge.

Definition, Purpose, Feature Narrative Text andExamplesA. Understanding Narrative Text and example

Before discussing the purpose and characteristics of narrative text and examples, let us firstunderstand what is the sense of narrative text. When referring to wikipedia, it is a narrativetext is:A narrative (or story) is any report of connected events, presented in a sequence of writtenor spoken words, and/or in a sequence of (moving) pictures.

Or if translated, it is the Narrative text is a kind of genre that chain of events or stories fromtime to time and are translated at the beginning, middle and end. So it should bechronological, chronological meaning is told in a coherent and should not be jumping.B. Purpose Narrative TextThe basic purpose of the text narrative is to entertain and attract readers with a story orevent that has the problem that lead to conflict and at the end of the story is no resolutionor a happy ending, or even depressing. Actual narrative text is not confined to the mysticalstory, fiction, legend, fairy tale or fable, but another story in the form of adventure, mysteryand all forms of story. In essence, narrative text is about the story. But the lesson in school,genre narrative text is usually only used to indicate a fiction such as fairy tales or legends.If the views of its kind, the narrative text that is often meant by the father's mother is ateacher including Suggestive Narrative category, ie the text that purpose so that readers getthe wisdom of a story.C. General Structure1. Orientation: set the scene and introduce the participants.

2. Complications: crisis, conflict, or problems arise.

3. Resolution: crisis or the problem is resolved, for better or worse.

4. Re-Orientation: Optional (not necessarily).

D. Distinctive Narrative Text EditorIf you got an assignment to create a post with the genre of narrative text, the characteristicsbelow can be used as guidelines: Focus on one figure or the perpetrator, and usually individually so usually use pronouns such as

"I, we, she, he".

Most often use the past tense either the simple past tense, past continuous, past tense or the

other.

Sometimes use dialogue to engage the reader imagine that the story is more clearly visible and

tangible.

Because sequentially (chronologically), then usually also use conjunctions (conjunction) that

looks coherent story or sequence.

E. Sample Narrative Text and explanation .

Example 1: Cinderella.Once upon a time, there was a beautiful young girl named Cinderella. He lived with his stepmother and two sisters. They were arrogant and bad tempered. They treated Cinderellavery badly. Her step mother made Cinderella do the hardest job in the house, such asscrubbing the floor, cleaning the pot and pan and preparing food for the family. Her stepsisters, on the other hand, did not work on the house. Their mother gave them many prettydresses to wear.

One day, a king invited all girls in his kingdom to attend a ball in his palace. They wereexcited about this and spent so much time choosing the dresses they would wear. Cinderellacould not stop crying after they left.

“Why are you crying, Cinderella?” the voice asked.

She looked up and saw a fairy standing beside her. Then Cinderella told her why she wascrying. Well the fairy said, “you’ve been such a cheerful, hardworking, uncomplaining girlthat I will see that you go to the ball.” The fairy turned a pumpkin into a coach and mice intoa smooth two coach man and footman then tapped Cinderella’s dress with her wand, and itbecame a beautiful ball gown.

Then he gave her a pair of pretty glass shoes. Now, Cinderella, she said, “you have to leavethe ball before midnight”. Then he drove away a wonderful coach. Cinderella had amarvelous time either. She danced again and again with the prince. Suddenly the clock

began to strike twelve, she ran toward the door as fast as he could do. In her hurry, one ofher glass shoes left behind.

A few days later, the prince declared that he would marry the girl whose feet fitted the glassshoe. Cinderella’s stepsisters tried on it but it was too small for them, no matter how hardthey squeezed their toes into it. In the end, the king’s page let Cinderella try the shoe. Shestretched his legs and slipped the shoe on the page. It fitted perfectly. Finally, she wasushered into a magnificent palace and height. The prince were glad to see her again. Theymarried and lived happily ever after.

explanation :1. The first paragraph contains Orientation, namely the introduction of characters that exist in the

fairy tale Cinderella.

2. The second paragraph contains Complication, the problem arises when Cinderella can not go to

the dance (ball).

3. The third paragraph of the Resolution, the problem was solved when a fairy to help her.

4. The last paragraph, containing Re-Orientation, which is a happy ending, which eventually

Cinderella married the prince.

Understanding, Generic Structure, Characteristics andexamples Text RecountRecount Text A. Definition and ExamplesThe term comes from the French recount conter which has the double meaning recalculateand tells a story:The word count comes from the old French conter, which means “add up” or “tell a story.”(vocabulary.com)So if you are confused because they hear recount is used as the English term election in therecount, and is also used in English classes especially in the genre of the text, then you donot need to wonder anymore. Because this term is used for both meanings. Then for thedifference? simply look at the context or theme of his talk.B. Purpose Recount text

Recount communicative purpose of the text is to share the experience or events and eventsthat happened in the past in chronological order or in sequence with the aim to entertain oramuse the reader or listener. In English, the purpose recount text:The purpose of a recount is to list and describe past experiences by retelling events in theorder in which they happened (chronological order). Recounts are written to retell eventswith the purpose of either informing or entertaining their audience (or both)

C. Generic Structure Recount Text1. Orientation

In this section, the author of the story started with the introduction of background information

to answer, when and where the event or events that happened in the past.

2. Events

After describing the background or identity of the perpetrator, setting the time and place, in this

section the authors then began to tell the course of the story in sequence or chronological.

3. Reorientation

Generic structure of the text of the last recount is reorientation, which explains a lot of this

section with a summary that contains the repetition part orientation. But for me, this part is

actually part conclusion (conclusion) or cover that expresses the author's personal opinion about

the events that have been told. For example a story about the holiday, then the author will

conclude an impression on vacation with " what an exciting holiday! I will go there again

someday . "

D. Characteristics Recount Text1. Has a title that summarizes the text.

2. Because it tells the events that happened in the past, then recount text always use the past

tense. Last week, I went to Bali island with my family.

3. Because sequential (chronological) often use the conjunction linking events in time, such as next,

later, when, then, after, before, first.

4. Telling describe the events, so widely used is made of a verb (the verb), and adverbs (which

describe in more detail how the verb (a verb) is performed).

E. Sample Recount Text and Explanatory Notes

Example 1: Vacation to Indrayanti BeachLast weekend, after visiting my parent at Wonosari Gunungkidul, I and my family went toIndrayanti Beach to spend our holiday by our own car.

The way to get Indrayanti Beach is very zigzag and it’s very quiet in the middle of night. Wealmost got lost since we never go there before, but eventually we got there safely. Wehardly got a room to stay overnight because it was long weekend so that we could not find aroom easily.

We got up so early in the morning that we could enjoy sunrise landscape at the beach. Myson was playing white sand with his sister while I took their picture.

A day at Indrayanti beach felt so short, we were quite tired for playing a whole day, but wewere very happy.

explanation : The first paragraph: Orientation , in this section the authors try to introduce offender, place and

time of the event.

Second and third paragraphs: Events , these two paragraphs contain event or sequence of

events in the events and activities of the perpetrators trip (we) on the beach Indrayanti.

Fourth paragraph: reorientation , the authors end the story about traveling actors to make the

conclusion that even if the perpetrators are tired, but they're having fun.

Definition, Structure, Feature Report Text and ExamplesA.Pengertian Report Text and Examples

Report text is one kind of genre of descriptive text into categories. Report definition textitself is a genre or type of text trying to describe something like objects, humans, plants,animals and other things that are still very common. So do not focus on one thing, but allthe objects that fall into the category. For example we're talking about the elephant, thenwe will discuss the nature, shape, character elephants in general.B. Perbedaan Report Text dan Descriptive Text1. How to distinguish between text and descriptive text report is easiest to see if something

described the general or special . If something is common, it is the type of text a report. But if

the special, the kind textnya is descriptive.

For example, the descriptive text explanation I give the example of Borobudur. In it explain how

the form of Borobudur Temple, located and when made. So just focus and specifically describes

an object called Borobudur. Another case when I explained about the temple. So I will explain

the shape or model of the temple in general as to what, then the temple is a place of worship

religion and so on. So I explained the temple in general, be it a temple of Borobudur,

Prambanan, Mendut and so forth, not specific and focused.

2. In addition, the text usually reports usually describe something with a scientific standpoint. So

that would be followed by an explanation of the results of the study or observation of the object

being discussed.

Well, now if I ask you to specify the type of text from two this title: My Cat and A Cat, thenabout which are included in the category of report text? If you know for sure can decidecorrectly. To be sure, you try to answer in the comments below this post to make sure thatyou are already well aware of the differences between them.C. Tujuan Report TextReport communicative purpose of the text is to describe it as it is something that is theresult of observation or research and analysis systematically. Bottom line text Reportcontains facts an object that can be proven scientifically.D. Generic Structure Report TextThe general arrangement or Generic Structure generally consists of a sequence as follows:1. General Classification

generic statements that describe the subject of reports, statements, and classification.

2. Description

tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or

behaviors. Pada bagian ini biasanya memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi,

baik bagian-bagiannya, sifat-sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya. Intinya adalah

penjabaran dari klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan ilmiah.

E. Ciri-ciri Report Text

1. Because it aims to reveal a picture of something based on scientific studies, it is usually used

scientific language.

2. And because it contains scientific facts tersebutlah, the report text is dominated by the simple

present tense .

3. The title will look common, such as Playing Football and not Manchester Football Club.

4. Usually accompanied by a picture, the statistical data in the form of a diagram or map to ensure

that the results of research carried out scientifically.

F. Sample Text Report and Explanatory Notes

Example 1: Komodo Dragon.Komodo dragons have thrived in the harsh climate of Indonesia’s Lesser Sunda Islands formillions of years, although amazingly, their existence was unknown to humans until about100 years ago.

Reaching 10 feet (3 meters) in length and more than 300 pounds (136 kilograms), Komododragons are the heaviest lizards on Earth. They have long, flat heads with rounded snouts,scaly skin, bowed legs, and huge, muscular tails.As the dominant predators on the handful of islands they inhabit, they will eat almostanything, including carrion, deer, pigs, smaller dragons, and even large water buffalo andhumans. When hunting, Komodo dragons rely on camouflage and patience, lying in wait forpassing prey. When a victim ambles by, the dragon springs, using its powerful legs, sharpclaws and serrated, shark-like teeth to eviscerate its prey.

Animals that escape the jaws of a Komodo will only feel lucky briefly. Dragon saliva teemswith over 50 strains of bacteria, and within 24 hours, the stricken creature usually dies of

blood poisoning. Dragons calmly follow an escapee for miles as the bacteria takes effect,using their keen sense of smell to hone in on the corpse. A dragon can eat a whopping 80percent of its body weight in a single feeding.

There is a stable population of about 3,000 to 5,000 Komodo dragons on the islands ofKomodo, Gila Motang, Rinca, and Flores. However, a dearth of egg-laying females, poaching,human encroachment, and natural disasters has driven the species to endangered status.Sumber: http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/explanation :1. The first paragraph: General Classification. Provides an introduction to object that Komodo is an

animal that has existed millions of years ago.

2. In the second paragraph and so on: Description. Contains the physical form Komodo include

length, weight, and physical characteristics and habits and foraging habitat Komodo population

statistics in various regions.

Fungsional texs

a. Short message means short messages. This can be a short message SMS, e-

mails, and memos. Some examples of short message , including:

Text message mother to child

Short Message

b. Invitation means the invitation. Invitation is used when we are going to invite

family, friends and people to attend an event. Some examples invitation , including:

Wedding invitations (wedding invitations)

Wedding invitation Photo by: Montymanateeweddings

Birthday Invitation (birthday invitation)

Birthday invitation Photo by: Janet

c. Announcement means the announcement. Announcement often we meet in a

public area (public space), at school (at school), at hospital (in hospital), etc. Here's anexample of announcement regarding the implementation of the English Club at theschool:

Announcement

d.ADVERTICEMENT* The purpose (tujuan) :a) Advertisement used to promote a product in the form of goods or services(Iklan yang digunakan untuk mempromosikan produk berupa barang atau jasa)b) Advertisement contains sentences persuading to entice the reader to buythe product or come to a place has to offer (Iklan berisi kalimat membujukuntuk menarik perhatian pembaca untuk membeli produk atau datang ketempat yang ditawarkan)* The language used to create ads must (Bahasa yang digunakan untuk

membuat iklan harus) :- Simple (sederhana)- Clear (benar)- Short (pendek)- Attractive (menarik)- Persuasive (membujuk)- Using the slogan (menggunakan slogan)- Can convince readers to buy or come ( bisa membujuk pembaca agarmembeli dan datang)

Contoh :

e. Letter means the letter. This letter can be divided into several types namely formal

letter (formal letter), informal letter (informal letter), business letter (business letter), andothers. Here's an example of an informal letter(informal letter):

Letter

f.Notice means the notice. Notice is divided

into command (command), caution (warning), information(information), andthe prohibition (ban).

Notice: CommandCommand means order. Notice Command means of a notificationrule. Notice command is usually ruled people / readers to do what it says inthe notice that.Some examples of notice command is to govern them:

closing the door

Notice: command

Quiet / is not a fuss because the test is in progress

Notice: command

Notice: CautionCaution means warning. Notice caution is used to notify their warning. The function ofthe notice caution that is to warn people / readers to be careful on what is listed in thenotice.Example notice caution , including:

Warned that the floor was slippery

Notice: caution Photo by: Ines Hagadus-Garcia

Notice: ProhibitionProhibition means prohibition. Notice prohibition means a bannotice. Notice prohibition prohibits people / readers to do / not do what was stated inthe notice it.Example notice prohibition , among others:

In addition staff were barred from the room

Notice: prohibition

Notice: InformationInformation means the information. Notice Information means a notice given forinformation. Functions notice information is namely to provide information to readers onwhat is listed in the notice it.An example of notice information , including:

Information on hours of opening / closing sites

Notice information

g. Greeting card meaning greeting cards. Greeting cards are used to say something

to someone on a card. Some examples of greeting cards which say:

Happy mother’s day!

Greeting Card Photo by: Mathew Rutledge

Happy birthday!

Greeting card Photo by: Adair733

h. Labels

The label is a sticker paper or the information contained in the outer packaging of a product /goods. On the product label there is usually a phrase that describes the content, product

excellence, instructions for use, the composition of the product, as well as an indication. Labelsoften encountered in the packaging of food, drinks, medicines and electronic equipment.

Sample Labels

i. schedule is a printed from with lists of information: stock prices, train departure

times, payment schedules, etc.

Schedule (workplace), a list of employees who are working on any given day,week, or month in a workplaceSchedule (project management), a list of a project's terminal elements with

intended start and finish datesSchedule (computer science), a list of actions from a set of transactions indatabases

Example of Schedule:

SCHEDULE