hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kepuasan kerja ... · kepuasan kerja, yaitu pekerjaan itu...

HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN SOSIALDENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN

PT. TSUKASA MANUFACTURING OF INDONESIA

SKRIPSI

Oleh:Muhammad Ragin Daskaputra

201210515030

PROGRAM STUDI PSIKOLOGIFAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI

UNIVERSITAS BHAYANGKARA JAKARTA RAYA2016

Hubungan Antara..., Muhammad, Fakultas Psikologi 2016

v

HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN SOSIALDENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN


AbstrakMuhammad Ragin Daskaputra.

201210515030

Kepuasan kerja menjadi hal yang penting dalam dunia kerja, baikbagi karyawan maupun perusahan. Survei internasional tahun 2013 dan2015 menunjukkan kepuasan kerja para tenaga kerja di Indonesia beradadi peringkat terbawah di kawasan Asia bahkan dunia. Salah satu indikasirendahnya kepuasan kerja adalah tingginya rasio absensi, di PT. TsukasaManufacturing Of Indonesia, permasalahan ini tampak disertai keluhankaryawan mengenai sikap dan perilaku atasan Berdasarkan teori dariRobbins (2008) dan penelitian dari Harris (1989), maka dilakukanpenelitian untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan yang positif antaralima aspek dukungan sosial yaitu career mentoring, coaching mentoring,collegial social support dan collegial task support dengan lima aspekkepuasan kerja, yaitu pekerjaan itu sendiri, ganjaran yang pantas,kenaikan jabatan, pengawasan, dan rekan kerja yang mendukung.Penelitian ini bersifat korelasi dengan metode kuantitatif yang dilakukanterhadap 104 karyawan PT. Tsukasa Manufacturing Of Indonesia daritingkat operator sampai supervisor sebagai sampel. Data diperolehmelalui skala dukungan sosial dan kepuasan kerja yang digunakan untukmenguji kedua variabel tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan datadidapatkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,493** dengan P=0,000 (P<0,01)yang berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antaradukungan sosial dengan kepuasan kerja. Sehingga dapat dikatakansemakin tinggi dukungan sosial maka semakin tinggi pula kepuasankerja.

Kata kunci: dukungan sosial, karyawan, kepuasan kerja


vi

CORRELATION BETWEEN EMPLOYEE’SSOCIAL SUPPORT AND JOB SATISFACTION


AbstractMuhammad Ragin Daskaputra.

201210515030

Job satisfaction became an important issue in work field, both foremployees and company. International survey on 2013 and 2015 showsthat employees who work in Indonesia have the lowest level of jobsatisfaction compared with countries within Asian, and even around theworld. One of the low job satisfaction’s indication is high absence rate, atPT. Tsukasa Manufacturing Of Indonesia, this problem occured alongwith employees’complaint regarding their superior’s attitude andbehaviours. Base on theories from Robbins (2008) and researchconducted by Harris (1989), then a research is made to discoverrelationship between five social support’s aspect including careermentoring, coaching mentoring, collegial social support dan collegialtask support with five aspects of job satisfaction including the job itself,proper compensation, promotion, supervision, and supportive workcolleague. This is a correlation research by quantitative method with 104employees of PT. Tsukasa Manufacturing Of Indonesia from operator tosupervisor level as the sample. Data were obtained by social support andjob satisfaction scale to test those two variables. Data processing result acorrelation coefficient in amount of 0,493** with P=0,000 (P<0,01)which means there is a positive and significant correlation between socialsupport and job satisfaction. This result concludes higher social supportwill follow with higher job satisfaction.

Keywords: employee, job satisfaction, social support


viii

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ............................................................ii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN..............................................................iii

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN..............................................................iv

ABSTRAK.........................................................................................v

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................vi

KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................vii

DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................viii

DAFTAR TABEL.............................................................................xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................xiii

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ................................................................1

1.1. Latar Belakang Penelitian............................................................1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................13

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian.........................................................................13

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian.......................................................................13

1.4.1. Manfaat Teoritis ................................................................13

1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis..................................................................14

1.5. Uraian Keaslian Penelitian ..........................................................14

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................16

2.1. Kepuasan Kerja ...........................................................................16

2.1.1. Definisi Kepuasan Kerja ...................................................16

2.1.2. Aspek-Aspek Kepuasan Kerja...........................................16

2.1.3. Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepuasan Kerja ..........19

2.2. Dukungan Sosial..........................................................................20

2.2.1. Definisi Dukungan Sosial..................................................20


ix

2.2.2. Aspek-Aspek Dukungan Sosial.........................................22

2.2.3. Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Dukungan Sosial ........24

2.3. Hubungan Antar Variabel............................................................25

2.4. Hipotesis Penelitian .....................................................................26

BAB III. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN......................................27

3.1. Tipe Penelitian.............................................................................27

3.2. Identifikasi Variabel Penelitian ...................................................27

3.3. Definisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian ....................................27

3.3.1. Dukungan Sosial................................................................27

3.3.2. Kepuasan Kerja .................................................................28

3.4. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian...................................................28

3.5. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..........................................................29

3.5.1. Instrumen Penelitian..........................................................29

3.5.2. Validitas dan Reliabilitas...................................................34

3.6. Analisis Data ...............................................................................40

BAB IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .........................................41

4.1. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ...........................................................41

4.2. Pelaksanaan Penelitian ................................................................41

4.2.1. Persiapan Penelitian ..........................................................41

4.2.2. Pelaksanaan Penelitian ......................................................42

4.3. Hasil Penelitian............................................................................43

4.3.1. Kategorisasi Subjek Penelitian..........................................43

4.3.2. Uji Hipotesis......................................................................46

4.4. Pembahasan .................................................................................48

BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..........................................51

5.1. Kesimpulan..................................................................................51


x

5.2. Saran ............................................................................................51

5.2.1. Saran Teoritis ....................................................................51

5.2.2. Saran Praktis......................................................................52

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN


xi

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1.Skoring skala Likert ...........................................................29

Tabel 3.2. Blue print skala kepuasan kerja sebelum uji coba.............30

Tabel 3.3. Blue print skala dukungan sosial sebelum uji coba...........31

Tabel 3.4. Blue print skala kepuasan kerja setelah uji coba...............35

Tabel 3.5. Blue print skala dukungan sosial setelah uji coba.............36

Tabel 3.6. Reliabilitas skala sebelum dan setelah uji coba.................39

Tabel 4.1. Rumus kategorisasi............................................................40

Tabel 4.2. Tabel SPSS Mean Kepuasan kerja ....................................41

Tabel 4.3. Tabel Mean Kepuasan kerja ..............................................41

Tabel 4.4. Kategorisasi subjek Kepuasan kerja..................................41

Tabel 4.5. Tabel SPSS Mean dukungan sosial ...................................42

Tabel 4.6. Tabel Mean dukungan sosial .............................................42

Tabel 4.7. Kategorisasi subjek dukungan sosial.................................42

Tabel 4.8. Uji Normalitas ...................................................................43

Tabel 4.9. Uji Linearitas .....................................................................44

Tabel 4.10. Uji Hipotesis....................................................................44


xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1. Respon-respon kepuasan kerja ......................................11

Gambar 2.1. Hubungan dukungan sosial dan kepuasan kerja ............25


xiii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 : Hasil Uji Validitas Skala Kepuasan Kerja

Lampiran 2 : Hasil Uji Validitas Skala Dukungan Sosial

Lampiran 3 : Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Skala Kepuasan Kerja dan Dukungan Sosial

Lampiran 4 : Blue print dan aitem skala sebelum uji coba

Lampiran 5 : Surat Ijin Penelitian Universitas

Lampiran 6 : Lembar Pernyataan Kesediaan Responden

Lampiran 7 : Skala Psikologi Kepuasan Kerja dan Dukungan Sosial

Lampiran 8 : Tabulasi Ms. Excel Sampel Penelitian

Lampiran 9 : Tabel SPSS Descriptive Statistics

Lampiran 10: Tabel SPSS Uji Normalitas, Uji Linearitas, dan Uji Hipotesis

Lampiran 11 : Interview coding dengan Bagian SDM dan Karyawan non-SDM

Lampiran 12 : Laporan Kehadiran Karyawan PT. Tsukasa Manufacturing Of Indonesia

Periode Januari – April 2016

Lampiran 13: Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari PT. Tsukasa Manufacturing Of

Indonesia

Lampiran 14: Rencana Pembuatan Skripsi

Lampiran 15: Lembar Bimbingan Skripsi


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