II

HASIL PENELITIAN

PENGARUH JENIS VIDEO GAME TERHADAP PERILAKU PROSOSIAL

PADA PEMAIN VIDEO GAME LAKI-LAKI DI BEBERAPA WARNET

(WARUNG INTERNET) BESAR KOTA MALANG

KARYA TULIS AKHIR

Diajukan kepada

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan

dalam Menyelesaikan Program Sarjana

Fakultas Kedokteran

Oleh:

RONTIKA KHOIR OKTAVANI

201510330311116

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

2019

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iv

v

vi

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas berkat dan

rahmat-Nya, penulis telah berhasil menyelesaikan proposal penelitian yang

berjudul “Pengaruh Jenis Video Game terhadap Perilaku Prososial Pemain Video

Game Laki-Laki di Warnet (Warung Internet) Kota Malang”. Penulisan penelitian

ini dilakukan dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk mencapai gelar

Sarjana Kedokteran Jurusan Pendidikan Dokter pada Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Penulis menyadari bahwa penyusunan proposal penelitian ini jauh dari

sempurna. Tanpa bantuan dan dorongan dari berbagai pihak, sangatlah tidak mudah

menjalani masa perkuliahan hingga pada penyusunan karya tulis akhir ini.

Akhir kata penulis berharap adanya saran dan kritik yang membangun dan

semoga penelitian ini dapat menambah wawasan serta bermanfaat bagi semua pihak.

Malang, 21 Juni 2019

Penulis

vii

LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN

1. Kedua orang tua tercinta Ayah saya Ali Imron dan Mama saya Luluk

Kartikaningsih yang telah memberikan kasih sayang, motivasi dan doa yang

tiada henti sepanjang hidup, serta adik-adikku Nevi dan Robal yang telah

memberikan dukungan, semangat dan doanya untuk kelancaran tugas akhir ini.

2. Dr. dr. Meddy Setiawan, Sp.PD selaku Dekan Fakultas Kedokteran

Muhammadiyah beserta jajarannya.

3. dr. Iwan Sis Indrawanto Sp.KJ, selaku dosen pembimbing I yang telah

memberikan waktu, kesabaran dan masukan selama bimbingan yang sangat

membantu dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini dengan baik.

4. dr. Moch. Aleq Sander, M.Kes, Sp.B, FINACS, selaku dosen pembimbing II

yang telah meluangkan waktu dan kesabaran selama bimbingan serta motivasi

yang sangat membantu dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini dengan baik.

5. dr. Alfa Sylvestris, Sp.M, selaku dosen penguji yang telah meluangkan waktu

dan memberikan banyak masukan untuk menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini.

6. Segenap dosen pengajar di Fakultas Kedokteran Unversitas Muhammadiyah

Malang yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu pengetahuan dan nasehat dunia

serta pengalaman selama perkuliahan

7. MEARS (Medical and Health Research) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas

Muhammadiyah Malang, dr. Irma Nur Sukma dan dr. Gita Sekar Prihanti,

M.Pd.Ked selaku pembimbing komisi ilmiah saya

8. Staff Laboratorium Biomedik dan segenap staff Tata Usaha Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang yang telah membantu setiap

proses demi kelancaran tugas akhir ini

viii

9. Ghea Aprillia selaku patner saya dalam penelitian yang selalu memotivasi dan

mendukung saya dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini

10. Ghea Aprillia, Naswa Arvieda, Nur Shafiya, Rifqi Zumadilla, Aisyah Sari,

Devi Permatasari, Ully Eend, Sefila Agus, Dessy Prawesti, dan Adi yang selalu

mendengarkan keluh kesah dan memotivasi saya untuk menyelesaikan skripsi

ini.

11. Teman grup belajar “S.Ked Soon” dan “Seger” yang membantu saya dalam

menyelesaikan pendidikan ini dengan baik.

12. Aditya Mahendra yang menemani saya dan Ghea ke beberapa warnet saat

penelitian pada malam hari

13. Teman sejawat FK UMM angkatan 2015 “Metacarpalis” yang memberi cerita

dan kebersamaan selama masa perkuliahan ini. Semoga kita semua sukses

dunia akhirat, menjadi dokter yang berguna bagi masyarakat, agama, bangsa

dan negara.

14. Semua pihak yang telah membantu secara langsung maupun tidak langsung,

yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu

ix

ABSTRAK

Oktavani, Rontika Khoir. Pengaruh Jenis Video Game terhadap Perilaku Prososial

Pemain Video Game Laki-Laki di Beberapa Warnet (Warung Internet ) Besar

Kota Malang. Tugas Akhir. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas

Muhammadiyah Malang. Pembimbing: (I) dr. Iwan Sis Indrawanto, Sp.KJ,

(II) dr. Moch. Aleq Sander, M.Kes, Sp.B, FINACS.

Latar belakang: Kasus bullying juga menjadi isu yang berkembang pesat di dunia

bahkan di Indonesia. Sebanyak 20,9% siswa di Jakarta mengaku pernah menjadi

korban bullying di sekolah dan sebanyak 12.3% pernah mengalami bullying di luar

lingkungan sekolah. Dibutuhkan pendekatan positif untuk meningkatkan perilaku

prososial untuk mencegah kasus bullying tersebut salah satunya dengan media

video game jenis prososial.

Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh jenis video game prososial terhadap perilaku

prososial pemain video game di warnet kota Malang.

Metode: Analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang

menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak

82 pemain. Pengambilan data jenis video game dan skala perilaku prososial

menggunakan kuesioner yang telah divalidasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-

Square dan regresi logistik.

Hasil penelitian: Hasil uji chi-square didapatkan p=0,001 (p<0,05) yang berarti

terdapat pengaruh jenis video game dengan perilaku prososial. Hasil uji regresi

logistik nilai OR pada prososial video game adalah 5,314 sehingga memainkan

prososial video game akan meningkatkan perilaku prososial 5,31 kalinya

dibandingkan seseorang yang memainkan violent video game.

Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh antara jenis video game terhadap perilaku

prososial pemain video game di warnet kota Malang.

Kata kunci: prososial video game, perilaku prososial, youth age.

x

ABSTRACT

Oktavani, Rontika Khoir. 2019. The Effect of Video Game Types on The Prosocial

Behavior of Male Video Game Players in Several Big Internet Cafes in

Malang. Final Assignment, Medical Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah

Malang. Advisors: (I) dr. Iwan Sis Indrawanto, Sp.KJ, (II) dr. Moch. Aleq

Sander, M.Kes, Sp.B, FINACS.

Background: Bullying cases are growing issue rapidly in the world even in

Indonesia. As many as 20.9% of students in Jakarta claimed to have experienced

bullying in school and 12.3% had experienced bullying outside the school

environment. A positive approach is needed to improve prosocial behavior to

prevent bullying cases which is by using prosocial video game

Objective: To determine the effect of prosocial video game types on the prosocial

behavior of video game players in Malang internet cafes.

Methods: Analytical observational research using cross-sectional approach. The

sampling technique used purposive sampling. The total of the sample was 82 video

game players. The data of the video game types and prosocial behavior scale were

collected using questionnaires that already validated. The data were analyzed by

Chi-Square test and logistic regression.

Results: The result of Chi-Square test showed that p=0.001 (<0.05), so there was

an effect between video game types and prosocial behavior. The result of logistic

regression showed that OR of prosocial video game is 5.314, so playing prosocial

video game will enhance prosocial behavior 5.31 times than playing violent video

game.

Conclusions: There was an effect between prosocial video game types on the

prosocial behavior of video game players in Malang internet cafes.

Keywords: prosocial video game, prosocial behavior, youth age.

xi

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

HALAMAN JUDUL ...................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... iii

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................................... iv

LEMBAR PENGUJIAN ................................................................................ v

KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................. vi

LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................................... vii

ABSTRAK .................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ xii

DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... xiv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... xv

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ............................................................................ xvi

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................. 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................. 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................ 2

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................... 2

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum…………………………………………......2

1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus ………………………………………........2

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................... 3

1.4.1 Akademis ............................................................................ 3

1.4.2 Klinisi .................................................................................. 3

1.4.3 Masyarakat .......................................................................... 3

BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................... 4

2.1 Video Game .................................................................................. 4

2.1.1 Definisi ................................................................................ 4

2.1.2 Perkembangan Video Game ................................................ 4

2.1.3 Jenis Video Game ................................................................ 4

2.1.4 Pemain Video Game ............................................................ 5

2.1.5 Dampak Bermain Video Game............................................ 6

xii

2.1.4.1 Dampak Positif ........................................................ 6

2.1.4.2 Dampak Negatif .................................................... 10

2.2 Perilaku Prososial ....................................................................... 11

2.2.1 Definisi .............................................................................. 11

2.2.2 Aspek-aspek Perilaku Prososial ........................................ 12

2.2.3 Faktor-faktor Penentu Perilaku Prososial.......................... 12

2.3 Video Game Terhadap Perilaku Prososial .................................. 13

BAB 3 KERANGKA KONSEP DAN HIPOTESIS .................................... 15

3.1 Kerangka Konsep ....................................................................... 15

3.2 Hipotesis Penelitian .................................................................... 16

BAB 4 METODE PENELITIAN................................................................. 17

4.1 Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian ................................................. 17

4.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................... 17

4.3 Populasi dan Sampel .................................................................. 17

4.3.1 Populasi ............................................................................. 17

4.3.2 Sampel ............................................................................... 17

4.3.3 Karakteristik Sampel Penelitian ........................................ 17

4.3.4 Besar Sampel ..................................................................... 18

4.3.5 Teknik Pengambilan Sampel............................................. 19

4.4 Variabel Penelitian ..................................................................... 19

4.4.1 Variabel Bebas .................................................................. 19

4.4.2 Variabel Tergantung.......................................................... 19

4.5 Definisi Operasional................................................................... 19

4.6 Instrumen Penelitian................................................................... 20

4.7 Prosedur Penelitian..................................................................... 21

4.8 Analisis Data .............................................................................. 21

4.9 Alur Penelitian ........................................................................... 22

4.10 Jadwal Penelitian ..................................................................... 22

BAB 5 HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISIS DATA ............................ 23

5.1 Hasil Penelitian .......................................................................... 23

5.1.1 Deskripsi Karakteristik Sampel ......................................... 23

5.1.2 Distribusi Frekuensi Usia Responden ............................... 24

xiii

5.1.3 Distribusi Frekuensi Intensitas Bermain Video Game ...... 24

5.1.4 Distribusi Frekuensi Jenis Video Game ............................ 24

5.1.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Perilaku Prososial ............................ 24

5.2 Tabulasi Silang antara Jenis Video Game dengan Perilaku

Prososial ..................................................................................... 25

5.3 Analisis Data .............................................................................. 26

5.3.1 Hasil Output Chi-Square ................................................... 26

5.3.2 Hasil Output Regresi Logistik ........................................... 26

BAB 6 PEMBAHASAN .............................................................................. 28

BAB 7 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................... 33

7.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 33

7.2 Saran ........................................................................................... 33

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................. 35

LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................. 39

xiv

DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman

4.1 Jadwal Penelitian ......................................................................................25

5.1 Distribusi Data ..........................................................................................26

5.2 Tabulasi Silang antara Jenis Video Game dengan Perilaku Prososial.......27

5.3 Hasil Output Chi-Square ...........................................................................28

5.3 Hasil Output Regresi Logistik ...................................................................29

xv

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

3.1 Kerangka Konsep Penelitian ....................................................................17

4.1 Alur Penelitian ..........................................................................................24

xvi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

Warnet : Warung Internet

IGD : Internet Gaming Disorder

mPFC : Medial Prefrontal Cortex

35

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SERTIFIKAT PLAGIASI