handbook ini hanya untuk siswa sekolah toefl 1 ... dengan pola comparative dan superlative yang...

1 Handbook ini hanya untuk siswa Sekolah TOEFL

SEKOLAH TOEFL

“Jangan biarkan keterbatasan membuatmu tidak mampu

berbuat lebih dari yang orang lain pikirkan..”

Written Expression Week 5 and 6

HANDBOOK

* Diadopsi dari buku Deborah Phillips


Ingat dan laksanakan selalu …

4 Kewajiban Siswa Sekolah TOEFL

1. Siswa “WAJIB” menanyakan satu atau dua soal dari Questions of the Week

(QOW) pada minggu yang bersangkutan atau materi yang sedang di pelajari

di minggu bersangkutan satu kali dalam satu minggu. Tanyanya di grup WA

atau FB dan pertanyaan bukan diberikan pada mentor, tapi pada siswa yang

lain.

2. Siswa lain di WA atau FB Grup “WAJIB” menanggapi pertanyaan teman

yang diberikan minimal satu kali dalam seminggu. Inti kewajiban nomor 1

dan 2 adalah agar siswa berinteraksi dan berdiskusi tentang kesulitan belajar

yang dihadapinya di minggu bersangkutan. Siswa bebas memberikan

pendapat, nanti saya juga akan muncul.

3. Siswa “WAJIB” menge-like atau komen postingan yang disebar saat Temu

Online sebagai indikasi kehadirannya.

4. Siswa “WAJIB” menge-like atau komen setiap kali ada postingan yang

disebar di Grup FB agar keaktifan grup terjaga.

Jika punya pertanyaan seputar materi yang dipelajari di Week 5

dan 6, bisa hubungi Mentor Budi Waluyo kapan saja sebelum

Temu Online melalui social media dibawah ini:

Budi Waluyo | BBM 58B28E56 | Line ID: sdsafadg | Twitter

@01_budi | Instagram: sdsafadg


When you know better, you do better.

Maya Angelou


eek 5

Comparatives dan Superlatives

Skills 27 -29

Dari skill 27 sampai 29, kita akan membahas eror atau pun kesalahan yang terjadi pada

bentuk comparatives dan superlatives.

Kalimat dengan pola comparative dan superlative yang salah sering muncul di soal tes

TOEFL.

Oleh sebab itu, di skil bagian ini akan diajarkan bagaimana bentuk dan penggunaan yang

benar

Skil 27: Bentuk Comparatives dan Superlatives

Soal yang muncul dalam tes TOEFL biasanya bentuk comparative dan superlative yang

dibuat tidak tepat.

Soal bagian ini bisa menjadi sebuah kesempatan untuk meraih skor kalau kita mengetahui

bagaimana bentuk yang benarnya.

Comparative bermakna ‘lebih’ dan superlative bermakna ‘paling’.

Comparatives bisa dibentuk menggunakan: -er atau more, bergantung dengan syllable

dari kata yang mengikutinya. Hal yang sama juga berlaku di superlatives yang

menggunakan –est dan -most.

Khusus untuk comparative, diikuti oleh kata than karena untuk menunjukkan

perbandingan, sedangkan pada superlative tidak digunakan than, tetapi biasanya diikuti

preposisi yang menyatakan dimana makna superlative ini, misal he is the tallest student

in his class. In his class disini menunjukkan makna superlativenya di dalam konteks

kelasnya. Selain preposisi in, bisa juga digunakan preposisi of, among, dan lain-lain.

Untuk kata yang memiliki satu syllable biasanya menggunakan –era atau -est, seperti kata

tall menjadi taller atau the tallest, high menjadi higher atau the higest, short menjadi atau

the shortest.

Syllable adalah suku kata. Misal, untuk satu syllable kata, kalau kita mengucapkan kata

itu hanya sekali saja, tidak terpotong-potong. Contohnya long, smart, soft, dan lain-lain.

Untuk kata yang memiliki 3 syllable atau lebih biasanya menggunakan –more atau most,

seperti dangerous menjadi more dangerous atau the most dangerous, beautiful menjadi

more beautiful atau the most beautiful, dan lain-lain.

Untuk kata yang memiliki 2 syllable, sebagian menggunakan –er dan sebagian

menggunakan –more, bergantung dengan apa akhiran kata tersebut.

Umumnya kebanyakan 2 syllable kata menggunakan –er, kecuali kata yang berakhiran -

ish (more stylish), -some (more handsome), -ly (more slowly), -ow (more narrow), -

le(more simple), dan –er (more clever)

W


Contoh:

Andi is shorter than Susi.

Richard is more stylish than Alex.

Andi is the shortest student in his school.

Richard is the most stylish students among his friends.

Note:

Penting untuk mengetahui jumlah syllable kata adjective yang digunakan di soal karena

akan menentukan apakah menggunakan –er/-more ata –est/most.

Terdapat kata tidak beraturan dimana bentuk comparative dan superlativenya tidak

ditambah –er/more atau –est/most. Contoh:

Good Better Best

Bad Worse Worst

Little Less Least

Kerjakan Exercise 27, lalu siapkan saat Temu Online dengan Mentor.

Note: Maksimal salah 2. Jika lebih dari 2, ulangi baca materi kemudian kerjakan kembali latihan.


Lembar Kerja Exercise 27.

1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Skil 28: Menggunakan comparatives dan Superlatives dengan benar

Di skill ini, akan dibahas pemahaman dasar tentang penggunaan comparatives dan

superlatives.

Comparative digunakan untuk membandingkan dua benda yang setara. Misal, The math

class is more difficult than the English class. Pada contoh ini yang dibandingkan adalah

dua kelas (mata pelajaran). Perbandingan tidak bisa dilakukan misalnya antara The math

class dan Orange, karena kedua hal ini berbeda.

Superlative digunakan ketika ingin membandingkan sesuatu.seseorang dengan banyak

hal/ orang dan ingin menyatakan ‘paling’. Contohnya, the English class is the largest in

this school. Pada contoh ini, the English class dibandingkan dengan kelas-kelas lainnya

dan kelas ini yang terbesar.





1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.


Skil 29: Menggunakan dua clausa comparative –er yang tidak beraturan dengan benar

Terdapat pola comparative yang tidak biasa, contoh:

The harder he tried, the further he fell be hind

The older the children are, the more their parents expect from them.

The more children you have, the bigger the house you need.

The harder your work, the more you accomplish.

Dalam contoh-contoh diatas, terdapat penggunaan “the” disetiap awal kata comparative

dan setiap setelah kata adjective yang dibandingkan akan selalu diikuti dengan subject

dan verb dengan pola yang sama (ingat materi parallel sebelumnya). Misal, setelah kata

the harder, ada subject he dan verb tried, dan setelah kata further, ada subject he dan verb

fell. Subject di dua klausa ini boleh berbeda dan boleh menggunkan to be atau verb,

selama memiliki pola subject dan verb yang sama.





1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Kerjakan Questions of the Week (QOW) untuk minggu ini.

Week 5: QOW

Note: pilihan yang digaris pertama adalah A, yang selanjutnya B, dan seterusnya. Jawab

dengan menggunakan abjad dan kata yang digarisbawahi, misal no.1 A. theirs.

16. Sociological studies have found that deeply hold values and principles are highly resistant to change.

17. For centuries large communities of people have living on houseboats in parts of the world where the

climate is warm and the waters are calm.

18. Benjamin Franklin made the first bifocal spectacles for self by sawing the lenses of his eyeglasses in

half.


19. Not only do artificial reefs provide fish with food and shelter, they also serve as importantly

underwater landmarks.

20. The United States Department of Agriculture supervises the quality, clean, and purity of meat.

21. All birds, alike most reptiles and a few primitive mammals, develop from embryos in eggs outside the

mother’s body.

22. The expansion of adult training programs has resulted partially from the feminist movement, which

encouraging women to improve their skills for the job market.

23. The most significant cosmological characteristic of the galaxies are the red shift in their optical

spectra.

24. James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names of some works

years after their completion.

25. Duke Ellington’s orchestra, playing his original compositions and arrangements, achieving a fine unity

of style and made numerous innovations in modern jazz.

26. Moles are almost completely blind, although its tiny eyes can distinguish light from dark.

27. Noise is a psychological term referring toward unpleasant, unwanted, or intolerable sound.

28. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York

Infirmary, an institution that have always had a completely female medical staff.

29. Criminal contempt, committed in the presence of the court, may consist of disorderly behavior,

disrespectful, or disobedience of a judge’s orders.

30. The Cubist movement in art was a reaction against traditional methods of portray reality.


31. During the 1600’s skilled shoemakers scarce were in what is now the United States.

32. If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with

other atoms.

33. The National Education Association conduct extensive research on a great many aspects of

education.

34. The pain-killing agent most commonly administered in dentistry is the local anesthetic, who produces

loss of feeling only in a specific area.

35. Certain types of computers work properly only in environments with controlled precisely temperatures.

36. The gorilla, while not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention

in solving a problem.

37. The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many countries includes

tales of fairies and their relationship to humans.

38. Acrylic paint enables artists to experiment with many colors effects.

39. Salt Lake City, Utah’s capital and largest city, is industrial and banking center.

40. A rat’s sharp teeth can gnaw through wood, plaster, or soft metallic such as lead.


You can’t get much done in life if you only

work on the days when you feel good.

Jerry West


eek 6

Latihan review skills

Lembar Kerja Exercise (skills 27 -29).

1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

W


9.

10.


Lembar Kerja TOEFL Exercise (skills 27 -29).

1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.


Lembar Kerja Review Exercise (skills 1 -29).

1.

2.


3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Kerjakan Questions of the Week (QOW) untuk minggu ini.

Week 6: QOW

Note: pilihan yang digaris pertama adalah A, yang selanjutnya B, dan seterusnya. Jawab

dengan menggunakan abjad dan kata yang digarisbawahi, misal no.1 A. theirs.

16. The unit of measurement known as a “foot” has originally based on the average size of the human

foot.

17. Social reformer Florence Kelly played a role in the 1893 decision of the Illinois legislature to

prohibition child labor.

18. The term “technology” refers to the discoveries and inventions that help people improve its way of life.

19. Brooklyn, New York, had a population of about 23,000 when it becomes a city in 1834.

20. People can remember more information for higher periods of time when they use more than one

sense in the process of learning.

21. Jazz first flourished in New Orleans, Louisiana, and then spread at cities all across the country.

22. Flower have long been cultivated and bred for their beauty and their fragrance.


23. When a spinning ball bounces, some of the energy contained in its rotation can transferred to its

energy of forward motion.

24. One values product of a musk deer is musk, which comes from a gland near the male’s abdomen and

is used in medicines and perfumes.

25. The economy of Little Rock, Arkansas, is basis primarily on manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade,

and government functions.

26. The first United States citizen to become a professional sculptor was Patience Lovell Wright, which

works were executed in wax.

27. A electric current can consist of charges that are positive, negative, or both.

28. Progress in the field of optically and new kinds of glass have made it possible to construct

photographic lenses with a minimum number of materials.

29. In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously related to climate.

30. The United States Constitution requires that the President be a natural-born citizen, thirty-five years of

age or be older, who has lived in the United States for a minimum of fourteen years.

31. How many people realize that Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings The yearling is a minor literary classic and an

important contribute to regional literature?

32. Ensuring an adequate water supply have been a concern ever since people began to live in towns

and cities.

33. The most substances expand in volume when they are heated.


34. Due to sophisticated transportation networks, people can now buy the same types of perishable

goods in Toronto like in New York City.

35. Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea, break into pieces, and

become icebergs.

36. As inevitably as human culture has changed with the passing of time, so does the environment.

37. For some purposes it is convenient to think of a surface as the locus generated when a line straight or

a curve moves through space in a prescribed manner.

38. A significant proportions of the plants and animals of Hawaii exists nowhere else in the World

39. Mass advertising is employed when person – to – person selling is impractical, impossible, or simply

inefficiency.

40. Mexican jumping beans are actually seeds in which contain moth larvae whose activity causes the

seeds to “jump.”

handbook ini hanya untuk siswa sekolah toefl 1 ... dengan pola comparative dan superlative yang...

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