PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP
MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL)
PT. KRAKATAU STEEL
SKRIPSI
Oleh
Mudita Ferdiana 1000835543
Sony Ignatius 1000869310
Lucya Amanda 1000889035
Universitas Bina Nusantara
Jakarta
2010
PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP
MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL)
PT. KRAKATAU STEEL
SKRIPSI
diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat
untuk gelar kesarjanaan pada
Jurusan Sistem Informasi
Jenjang Pendidikan Strata-1
Oleh
Mudita Ferdiana 1000835543
Sony Ignatius 1000869310
Lucya Amanda 1000889035
Universitas Bina Nusantara
Jakarta
2010
iii
PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP
MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL)
PT. KRAKATAU STEEL
SKRIPSI
Disusun Oleh :
Mudita Ferdiana Sony Ignatius Lucya Amanda
1000835543 1000869310 1000889035
Disetujui Oleh :
Pembimbing
Yanti, S.Kom.,MM
Kode Dosen : D1875
Universitas Bina Nusantara
Jakarta
2010
iii
Universitas Bina Nusantara
Pernyataan Kesiapan Skripsi untuk Ujian Pendadaran
Pernyataan Penyusunan Skripsi Kami, Mudita Ferdiana Sony Ignatius Lucya Amanda dengan ini menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang berjudul :
PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL
MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL
adalah benar hasil karya kami dan belum pernah diajukan sebagai karya ilmiah, sebagian atau seluruhnya, atas nama kami atau pihak lain Mudita Ferdiana Sony Ignatius Lucya Amanda 1000835543 1000869310 1000889035
Disetujui oleh Pembimbing
Saya setuju skripsi tersebut diajukan untuk Ujian Pendadaran
Yanti, S.Kom.,MM 2 Februari 2010 Pembimbing
vii
PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini kami,
Nama : Mudita Ferdiana
NIM : 1000835543
Nama : Sony Ignatius
NIM : 1000869310
Nama : Lucya Amanda
NIM : 1000889035
Judul skripsi : PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP
MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES
PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL
Memberikan kepada Universitas Bina Nusantara hak non-eksklusif untuk menyimpan,
memperbanyak, dan menyebarluaskan skripsi karya kami, secara keseluruhan atau hanya
sebagian atau hanya ringkasannya saja, dalam bentuk format tercetak dan atau elektronik.
Menyatakan bahwa kami, akan mempertahankan hak exclusive kami, untuk
menggunakan seluruh atau sebagian isi skripsi kami, guna pengembangan karya di masa
depan, misalnya bentuk artikel, buku, perangkat lunak, ataupun sistem informasi.
Jakarta, 3 Maret 2010
Mudita Ferdiana Sony Ignatius Lucya Amanda
ix
PRAKATA
Segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang
telah memberikan segala rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga penulisan skripsi yang
berjudul Perencanaan Implementasi Sistem ERP Berbasis SAP Modul Material
Management pada proses Purchasing Lokal (Material) PT. Krakatau Steel ini dapat
diselesaikan tepat pada waktunya.
Skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat kelengkapan studi Jurusan Sistem
Informasi Jenjang Pendidikan Strata-1 di Universitas Bina Nusantara. Dari awal hingga
akhir penyusunan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari bahwa tidak sedikit bantuan, bimbingan,
dan dukungan yang telah diberikan oleh beberapa pihak baik secara langsung maupun
tidak langsung. Maka melalui kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih
kepada :
1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Harjanto Prabowo, MM, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina
Nusantara.
2. Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc., M.Comp.Sc, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu
Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara.
3. Bapak Johan, S.Kom., MM, selaku Ketua Jurusan Sistem Informasi Universitas
Bina Nusantara.
4. Ibu Yanti, S.Kom., MM, selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah berkenan
meluangkan waktu dan tenaganya untuk memberikan petunjuk, saran, dan
bimbingan bagi penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini.
x
5. Seluruh dosen dan staf pengajar Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah
memberikan berbagai ilmu dan bimbingan selama masa perkuliahan sebagai
bekal untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
6. Bapak Didik Sugeng, Bapak Bakat Tya Maya Yogha, Bapak Azis beserta Ibu
Asmariyah dan Ibu Eni Indriyati dari Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan
(PUSDIKLAT) PT. Krakatau Steel yang telah memberikan izin kepada penulis
untuk melakukan penelitian di PT. Krakatau Steel.
7. Bapak Tony Sunarto, Bapak Yose Andrinal, Bapak Jumarno, Bapak Nana
Supriatna, Bapak Harry Cahyono, Bapak Tunggul Narendra Putra, Bapak
Rachmad Kurniawan, selaku pembimbing dalam penelitian dari Team Project
SAP PT. Krakatau Steel yang telah membantu dalam pengumpulan data serta
memberikan informasi dan masukan yang diperlukan dalam penulisan skripsi
ini.
8. Orang tua dan saudara-saudari penulis, serta Ibu Lili yang telah memberikan
bantuan, dorongan dan semangat untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
9. Seluruh teman-teman dan juga bagi semua pihak yang telah banyak membantu
dan mendukung dalam penulisan skripsi ini.
Penulis menyadari bahwa masih banyak terdapat kekurangan dalam penulisan
ini. Untuk itu penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari para pembaca untuk
dapat menyempurnakan skripsi ini.
xi
Akhir kata, penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca
sekalian.
Jakarta, 2 Febuari 2010
Penulis
xii
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul Luar .......................................................................................................... i
Halaman Judul Dalam ....................................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover ....................................................................................... iii
Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji ............................................................................... iv
Halaman Pemberian Hak Cipta Non Eksklusif dari Mahasiswa ke Universitas Bina
Nusantara ......................................................................................................................... vii
Abstrak .............................................................................................................................. viii
Prakata ............................................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................................ xii
Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................................... xxvii
Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................................. xxxiv
Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................................... xxxvii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Ruang Lingkup .......................................................................................................2
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat .............................................................................................. 3
1.4 Metode Penelitian .................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................ 5
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Teori-teori Dasar / Umum ...................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Pengertian Sistem ....................................................................................... 7
xiii
2.1.2 Pengertian Informasi .................................................................................. 7
2.1.3 Pengertian Sistem Informasi ....................................................................... 8
2.1.4 Sistem ERP..................................................................................................9
2.1.4.1 Pengertian ERP................................................................................9
2.1.4.2 Beberapa Aplikasi ERP..................................................................10
2.1.4.3 Modul-modul ERP.........................................................................11
2.1.5 Sistem Pembelian.......................................................................................12
2.1.6 Siklus Pembelian........................................................................................14
2.1.6.1 Request/requirement for goods or service initiated.......................15
2.1.6.2 Select Vendor(s) (External Suppliers)............................................15
2.1.6.3 Place Order....................................................................................16
2.1.6.4 Goods /Services Received..............................................................16
2.1.6.5 Invoice Received & Verified..........................................................16
2.1.6.6 Issue Payment................................................................................17
2.1.7 Procurement...............................................................................................17
2.1.8 Vendor Evaluation.....................................................................................19
2.2 SAP .......................................................................................................................20
2.2.1 Modul Material Management....................................................................20
2.2.1.1 Siklus Procurement........................................................................20
2.2.1.1.1 Requirement Determination...........................................20
2.2.1.1.2 Determination of Source of Supply................................21
2.2.1.1.3 Vendor Selection............................................................22
2.2.1.1.4 Purchase Order Processing...........................................22
2.2.1.1.5 Purchase Order Monitoring...........................................23
xiv
2.2.1.1.6 Goods Receipt................................................................24
2.2.1.1.7 Invoice Verification........................................................24
2.2.1.1.8 Payment Processing.......................................................25
2.2.1.2 Master Data...................................................................................25
2.2.1.2.1 Vendor Master................................................................26
2.2.1.2.1.1 Account Group...........................................27
2.2.1.2.1.2 Reconciliation Account..............................28
2.2.1.2.1.3 Partner roles..............................................29
2.2.1.2.2 Material Master.............................................................30
2.2.1.2.3 Purchasing Information Record.....................................32
2.2.1.3 Material Requirement Planning (MRP) .......................................33
2.2.2 Enterprise Structure (Tingkatan Organisasi) pada SAP............................37
2.2.2.1 Client..............................................................................................38
2.2.2.2 Company Code...............................................................................39
2.2.2.3 Plant...............................................................................................40
2.2.2.4 Storage Location............................................................................41
2.2.2.5 Purchase Organization..................................................................42
2.2.2.6 Purchasing Group..........................................................................43
2.2.3 Implementasi Sistem ERP..........................................................................46
2.2.4 Metodologi Accelerated SAP (ASAP) ......................................................47
2.2.4.1 Project Preparation.......................................................................48
2.2.4.1.1 Strategi Implementasi....................................................48
2.2.4.1.1.1 System Topology........................................48
2.2.4.1.1.2 Migrasi.......................................................49
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2.2.4.2 Business Blueprint.........................................................................50
2.2.4.2.1 Unit Organisasi...............................................................51
2.2.4.2.2 Master Data....................................................................51
2.2.4.2.3 Business Scenario .........................................................52
2.2.4.2.4 Business Process ............................................................53
2.2.4.3 Realization ................................................................................... 53
2.2.4.4 Final Preparation ........................................................................ 53
2.2.4.5 Go live and Support ......................................................................53
2.3 Flowchart.............................................................................................................. 54
2.3.1 Definisi.......................................................................................................54
2.3.2 Notasi.........................................................................................................54
BAB 3 PROJECT PREPARATION
3.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ................................................................................. 60
3.1.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ..................................................................... 60
3.1.1.1 Latar Belakang Perusahaan ......................................................... 61
3.1.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ............................................................ 62
3.1.1.3 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan .................................................. 62
3.1.2 Proses Bisnis Purchasing (Lokal) Material ................................................. 66
3.1.2.1 Permintaan Pembelian ................................................................. 66
3.1.2.2 Permintaan Penawaran dan Pemilihan Vendor ........................... 73
3.1.2.3 Pemrosesan Pembelian ................................................................ 80
3.1.2.4 Penerimaan Material dan Pengajuan Claim ................................ 85
3.1.2.5 Verifikasi Tagihan ....................................................................... 90
xvi
3.2 Proyek SAP pada PT.Krakatau Steel(Trust) ............................................................ 92
3.2.1 Tujuan dan Manfaat Proyek SAP ................................................................... 93
3.2.1.1 Sasaran Implementasi SAP Modul Material Management ......... 95
3.2.2 Ruang Lingkup Implementasi ...................................................................... 96
3.2.2.1 Ruang Lingkup Organisasi dan Geografis .................................. 96
3.2.2.2 Ruang Lingkup Fungsional ......................................................... 97
3.2.2.2.1 Ruang Lingkup Modul Material Management ......... 97
3.2.3 Organisasi Proyek ........................................................................................ 98
3.2.4 Tahap-tahap Implementasi ........................................................................... 115
3.2.5 Jadwal Proyek Implementasi ....................................................................... 118
3.2.6 Arsitektur Teknologi Informasi ................................................................... 120
3.2.6.1 SAP System Landscape ............................................................... 120
3.2.6.1.1 Develompment System ............................................. 122
3.2.6.1.2 Quallity Assurance System ...................................... 123
3.2.6.1.3 Production System .................................................... 123
3.2.6.1.4 Sandbox System ....................................................... 123
3.2.6.2 Transport System ......................................................................... 124
BAB 4 BUSINESS BLUEPRINT .................................................................................. 126
4.1 Organizational Unit ................................................................................................. 126
4.1.1 Client .............................................................................................................126
4.1.1.1 Description.........................................................................................126
4.1.1.2 Kodefikasi ..........................................................................................126
4.1.2 Company Code ..............................................................................................126
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4.1.2.1 Description.........................................................................................126
4.1.2.2 Kodefikasi ........................................................................................ 126
4.1.3 Plant ............................................................................................................. 127
4.1.3.1 Description ....................................................................................... 127
4.1.3.2 Kodefikasi ........................................................................................ 127
4.1.4 Storage Location .......................................................................................... 128
4.1.4.1 Description ........................................................................................128
4.1.4.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................129
4.1.5 Purchasing Organization...............................................................................141
4.1.5.1 Description ........................................................................................141
4.1.5.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................142
4.1.6 Purchasing Group .........................................................................................142
4.1.6.1 Description ........................................................................................142
4.1.6.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................143
4.2 Business Process .......................................................................................................150
4.2.1 Reservation .....................................................................................................150
4.2.1.1 Process Area Overview........................................................................150
4.2.1.2 Business Process Description..............................................................150
4.2.1.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................151
4.2.1.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .......................................................... 152
4.2.1.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................152
4.2.1.5 Transaction for Reservation................................................................152
4.2.1.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ............ 154
4.2.1.7 Manfaat Bisnis ................................................................................... 157
xviii
4.2.1.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ........................................................................158
4.2.1.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................158
4.2.1.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ...................................................................... 158
4.2.1.11 User Role dalam Reservation .............................................................158
4.2.2 Purchase Requisition ....................................................................................158
4.2.2.1 Process Area Overview...................................................................158
4.2.2.2 Business Process Description.........................................................159
4.2.2.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .................................................... 162
4.2.2.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................163
4.2.2.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................164
4.2.2.5 Transaction for Purchase Requisition ...........................................165
4.2.2.6 Beberapa field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen..........166
4.2.2.7 Manfaat Bisnis ...............................................................................170
4.2.2.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................171
4.2.2.9 Integrasi Intra Modul .................................................................... 171
4.2.2.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ..................................................................171
4.2.2.11 User Role dalam Purchase Requisition ..........................................171
4.2.3 Harga Perkiraan Sendiri/Owner’s Estimate ..................................................172
4.2.3.1 Process Area Overview ..................................................................172
4.2.3.2 Business Process Description ....................................................... 172
4.2.3.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................177
4.2.3.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................179
4.2.3.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................180
4.2.3.5 Transaction for HPS/OE ...............................................................181
xix
4.2.3.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ........183
4.2.3.7 Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................191
4.2.3.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................192
4.2.3.9 Integrasi Intra Modul......................................................................192
4.2.3.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................. 192
4.2.3.11 User Role dalam HPS/OE ..............................................................192
4.2.4 Daftar Peserta Tender (DPT) ....................................................................... 193
4.2.4.1 Process Area Overview......................................................................193
4.2.4.2 Business Process Description ...........................................................194
4.2.4.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................ 197
4.2.4.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................200
4.2.4.4 Analisa Perbedaan .............................................................................201
4.2.4.5 Transaction for DPT .........................................................................202
4.2.4.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........202
4.2.4.7 Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................208
4.2.4.8 Integrasi Antar Modul .......................................................................208
4.2.4.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................209
4.2.4.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................209
4.2.4.11 User Role dalam DPT .......................................................................209
4.2.5 Request For Quotation .................................................................................. 209
4.2.5.1 Process Area Overview .....................................................................209
4.2.5.2 Business Process Description ...........................................................210
4.2.5.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................212
4.2.5.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................214
xx
4.2.5.4 Analisa Perbedaan ............................................................................ 215
4.2.5.5 Transaction for RFQ .........................................................................216
4.2.5.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........216
4.2.5.7 Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................218
4.2.5.8 Integrasi Antar Modul .......................................................................219
4.2.5.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................219
4.2.5.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................220
4.2.5.11 User Role dalam RFQ....................................................................... 220
4.2.6 Quotation ........................................................................................................220
4.2.6.1 Process Area Overview .......................................................................220
4.2.6.2 Business Process Description .............................................................220
4.2.6.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .......................................................... 222
4.2.6.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................223
4.2.6.5 Transaction for Quotation ................................................................. 223
4.2.6.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen .............224
4.2.6.7 Manfaat Bisnis ....................................................................................230
4.2.6.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................... 230
4.2.6.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................230
4.2.6.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis .......................................................................231
4.2.6.11 User Role dalam Quotation ................................................................231
4.2.7 E-Auction.........................................................................................................231
4.2.7.1 Process Area Overview......................................................................231
4.2.7.2 Business Process Description .......................................................... 231
4.2.7.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart)..........................................................235
xxi
4.2.7.4 Manfaat Bisnis...................................................................................237
4.2.8 Contract...........................................................................................................238
4.2.8.1 Process Area Overview .....................................................................238
4.2.8.2 Business Process Description............................................................238
4.2.8.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................241
4.2.8.4 Transaction for Contract...................................................................241
4.2.8.5 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........242
4.2.8.6 Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................249
4.2.8.7 Integrasi Antar Modul ...................................................................... 250
4.2.8.8 Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................250
4.2.8.9 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................251
4.2.8.10 User Role dalam Contract .................................................................251
4.2.9 Purchase Order ..............................................................................................251
4.2.9.1 Process Area Overview ...................................................................... 251
4.2.9.2 Business Process Description .............................................................252
4.2.9.2.1 Perubahan PO setelah PO dikirim ke Vendor ....................253
4.2.9.2.2 Pembatalan PO setelah PO dikirim ke Vendor ..................254
4.2.9.2.3 Kondisi di Perusahaan ....................................................... 254
4.2.9.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...........................................................257
4.2.9.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................258
4.2.9.5 Transaction for Purchase Order ........................................................258
4.2.9.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi.........................................................259
4.2.9.7 Manfaat Bisnis ....................................................................................264
4.2.9.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ........................................................................265
xxii
4.2.9.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................265
4.1.1.1 Keluaran Proses Bisnis .......................................................................266
4.1.1.2 User Role dalam Purchase Order........................................................266
4.2.10 Purchase Order Monitoring...........................................................................266
4.2.10.1 Process Area Overview................................................................266
4.2.10.2 Business Process Description......................................................267
4.2.10.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...................................................269
4.2.10.4 Transaction for Purchase Order Monitoring...............................270
4.2.10.5 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi ................................................271
4.2.10.6 Manfaat Bisnis ............................................................................278
4.2.10.7 Integrasi Antar Modul .................................................................278
4.2.10.8 Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................279
4.2.10.9 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................279
4.2.10.10 User Role dalam PO Monitoring.................................................279
4.2.11 Goods Receipt...............................................................................................279
4.2.11.1 Process Area Overview ...............................................................279
4.2.11.2 Business Process Description......................................................280
4.2.11.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...................................................283
4.2.11.4 Analisa Perbedaan .......................................................................284
4.2.11.5 Transaction for Goods Receipt...................................................285
4.2.11.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ....285
4.2.11.7 Manfaat Bisnis............................................................................ 292
4.2.11.8 Integrasi Antar Modul .................................................................293
4.2.11.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................293
xxiii
4.2.11.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................293
4.2.11.11 User Role dalam Goods Receipt..................................................293
4.2.12 Logistic Invoice Verification.........................................................................294
4.2.12.1 Process Area Overview................................................................294
4.2.12.2 Business Process Description......................................................294
4.2.12.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...................................................297
4.2.12.4 Analisa Perbedaan .......................................................................298
4.2.12.5 Transaction for Invoice Verification............................................298
4.2.12.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen......299
4.2.12.7 Manfaat Bisnis ............................................................................304
4.2.12.8 Integrasi Antar Modul..................................................................305
4.2.12.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................305
4.2.12.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis.................................................................305
4.2.12.11 User Role dalam Invoice Verification..........................................305
4.2.13 Claim..............................................................................................................306
4.2.13.1 Process Area Overview................................................................306
4.2.13.2 Business Process Description......................................................306
4.2.13.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart)....................................................310
4.2.13.4 Analisa Perbedaan .......................................................................311
4.2.13.5 Transaction for Claim..................................................................312
4.2.13.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen......313
4.2.13.7 Manfaat Bisnis.............................................................................324
4.2.13.8 Integrasi Antar Modul .................................................................325
4.2.13.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................325
xxiv
4.2.13.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................325
4.2.13.11 User Role dalam Claim................................................................326
4.3 Master Data...............................................................................................................326
4.3.1 Material Master Data....................................................................................326
4.3.1.1 Process Overview...............................................................................326
4.3.1.2 Business Process Description...........................................................326
4.3.1.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan.............................................................328
4.3.1.3 Sistem Processing..............................................................................330
4.3.1.4 Transaction for Material Master Data..............................................331
4.3.1.5 Beberapa Field yang harus Diisi dan Penomoran Material ..............331
4.3.2 Vendor Master Data ......................................................................................343
4.3.2.1 Process Overview............................................................................343
4.3.2.2 Business Process Description ........................................................343
4.3.2.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................349
4.3.2.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................351
4.3.2.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................352
4.3.2.5 Transaction for Vendor Master Data.............................................352
4.3.2.6 Field-field yang harus Diisi dan Penomoran Vendor......................353
4.3.2.7 Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................361
4.3.2.8 User Role untuk Vendor Master Data............................................362
4.3.3 Vendor Evaluation........................................................................................362
4.3.3.1 Process Overview............................................................................362
4.3.3.2 Business Process Description.........................................................362
4.3.3.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................ 369
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4.3.3.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................370
4.3.3.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................371
4.3.3.5 Transaction for Vendor Evaluation................................................372
4.3.3.6 Beberapa field yang Diisi untuk Vendor Evaluation......................372
4.3.3.7 Manfaat Bisnis .............................................................................. 373
4.3.3.8 User Role dalam Vendor Evaluation ............................................ 377
4.3.4 Vendor Additional Data .................................................................................377
4.3.4.1 Process Overview............................................................................377
4.3.4.2 Business Process Description.........................................................377
4.3.4.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan..........................................................379
4.3.4.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................380
4.3.4.4 Analisa Perbedaan..........................................................................381
4.3.4.5 Transaction for Vendor additional Data .......................................381
4.3.4.6 Beberapa field yang Diisi ...............................................................382
4.3.4.7 Manfaat Bisnis............................................................................... 385
4.3.4.8 User Role dalam Vendor Additional Data......................................386
4.3.5 Purchasing Info Record...................................................................................386
4.3.5.1 Process Overview............................................................................386
4.3.5.2 Business Process Description.........................................................386
4.3.5.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan......................................................387
4.3.5.3 System Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................389
4.3.5.4 Analisa Perbedaan..........................................................................389
4.3.5.5 Transaction for Purchasing Info Record........................................390
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4.3.5.6 Beberapa field yang Diisi dan Penomoran Purchasing Info Record
.......................................................................................................390
4.3.5.7 Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................396
4.3.5.8 User Role dalam Purchasing Info Record......................................397
BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................................398
5.1 Simpulan .................................................................................................................. 398
5.2 Saran.... .................................................................................................................... 399
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................................... 401
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................................... 403
SURAT SURVEI
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Jadwal Proyek Implementasi.................................................................118
Tabel 3.2 Deskripsi System Landscape..................................................................121
Tabel 3.3 Client berdasarkan System Landscape...................................................121
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Kodefikasi Plant ........................................................................ 128
Tabel 4.2 Tabel Kodefikasi Storage Location atas Plant non-logistik ................ 129
Tabel 4.3 Tabel Kodefikasi atas Plant yang bersifat logistik .............................. 130
Tabel 4.4 Kode-kode untuk Storage Location ..................................................... 132
Tabel 4.5 Kode-kode dari Purchasing Organization ........................................... 142
Tabel 4.6 Tabel Purchasing Group ..................................................................... 142
Tabel 4.7 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Purchasing Group ..................................... 143
Tabel 4.8 Tabel Kode-kode Purchasing Group ................................................... 144
Tabel 4.9 Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Reservation ................................................. 153
Tabel 4.10 Tabel Transaction for Reservation ..................................................... 153
Tabel 4.11 Tabel Field Reservation ...................................................................... 154
Tabel 4.12 Tabel Penomoran Reservasi ................................................................. 156
Tabel 4.13 Tabel User Role Reservation ............................................................... 158
Tabel 4.14 Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Purchase Requisition .................................. 164
Tabel 4.15 Tabel Transaction for Purchase Requisition ....................................... 165
Tabel 4.16 Tabel Field Create Purchase Requisition .......................................... 166
Tabel 4.17 Tabel Penomoran Purchase Requisition ............................................. 167
Tabel 4.18 Tabel Field Release Purchase Requisition .......................................... 168
Tabel 4.19 Tabel User Role dalam Purchase Requisition ..................................... 171
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Tabel 4.20 Analisa Perbedaan HPS/OE ................................................................. 180
Tabel 4.21 Tabel Transaction Code untuk HPS/OE .............................................. 181
Tabel 4.22 Tabel field untuk PR HPS/OE ............................................................. 183
Tabel 4.23 Struktur Kodefikasi PR HPS/OE ......................................................... 184
Tabel 4.24 Tabel field untuk RFQ HPS/OE ........................................................... 185
Tabel 4.25 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi RFQ HPS/OE ............................................ 186
Tabel 4.26 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Quotation HPS/OE ................................. 187
Tabel 4.27 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Menampilkan Quotation ........................ 189
Tabel 4.28 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Change HPS/OE .................................... 189
Tabel 4.29 Tabel User Role dalam HPS/OE .......................................................... 192
Tabel 4.30 Tabel Perbedaan DPT .......................................................................... 201
Tabel 4.31 Tabel Transaction untuk DPT ............................................................. 202
Tabel 4.32 Tabel Field Initial Screen untuk DPT .................................................. 202
Tabel 4.33 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi DPT .......................................................... 205
Tabel 4.34 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk DPT ........................................................ 206
Tabel 4.35 User Role dalam DPT .......................................................................... 209
Tabel 4.36 Tabel Jenis Distribusi RFQ ke vendor ................................................. 211
Tabel 4.37 Tabel Perbedaan Request For Quotation ............................................. 215
Tabel 4.38 Tabel Transaksi untuk RFQ ................................................................. 216
Tabel 4.39 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk RFQ ........................................................ 216
Tabel 4.40 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi RFQ .......................................................... 218
Tabel 4.41 User Role dalam RFQ .......................................................................... 220
Tabel 4.42 Tabel Perbedaan Quotation ................................................................. 223
Tabel 4.43 Tabel Transaksi untuk Quotation ........................................................ 224
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Tabel 4.44 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Maintain Quotation ................................ 224
Tabel 4.45 Tabel Field untuk Price Comparison ................................................. 227
Tabel 4.46 Tabel Field untuk Compare of Quotation ............................................ 228
Tabel 4.47 Contoh tampilan COQ ....................................................................... 229
Tabel 4.48 Tabel Keterangan tampilan COQ ....................................................... 229
Tabel 4.49 User Role dalam Quotation ................................................................. 231
Tabel 4.50 Tabel Transaksi untuk Contract .......................................................... 242
Tabel 4.51 Tabel Field Contract tanpa RFQ ......................................................... 242
Tabel 4.52 Field untuk Contract dengan RFQ ...................................................... 243
Tabel 4.53 Tabel Field untuk Create Contract ...................................................... 244
Tabel 4.54 Tabel Field untuk List Display Contract ............................................ 246
Tabel 4.55 Tabel Field untuk Release Contract ................................................... 248
Tabel 4.56 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Contract .................................................... 249
Tabel 4.57 User Role dalam Contract ................................................................... 251
Tabel 4.58 Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Purchase Order ........................................... 258
Tabel 4.59 Tabel Transaksi untuk Purchase Order ............................................... 258
Tabel 4.60 Beberapa Field untuk Create Purchase Order .................................... 259
Tabel 4.61 Tabel Penomoran Purchase Order ...................................................... 262
Tabel 4.62 Field untuk Cancel Purchase Order .................................................. 262
Tabel 4.63 Tabel Field Release Purchase Order ................................................... 263
Tabel 4.64 User Role dalam Purchase Order ........................................................ 266
Tabel 4.65 Tabel Transaksi untuk PO Monitoring ................................................ 270
Tabel 4.66 Tabel Field untuk List Displays ........................................................... 271
Tabel 4.67 Tabel Field untuk Pembuatan dan Print Reminder ............................. 274
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Tabel 4.68 Tabel User Role dalam PO Monitoring .............................................. 279
Tabel 4.69 Tabel Perbedaan Goods Receipt .......................................................... 284
Tabel 4.70 Tabel Transaksi untuk Good Receipt ................................................... 285
Tabel 4.71 Tabel Field untuk GR .......................................................................... 286
Tabel 4.72 Tabel Field untuk Transfer Posting ..................................................... 288
Tabel 4.73 Tabel Field untuk Screen : New Item ................................................... 289
Tabel 4.74 Tabel Strukturisasi Kode Goods Receipt dan Transfer Posting .......... 291
Tabel 4.75 User Role dalam Good Receipt ............................................................ 293
Tabel 4.76 Tabel Perbedaan Invoice Verification .................................................. 298
Tabel 4.77 Tabel Transaksi untuk Invoice Verification ......................................... 298
Tabel 4.78 Tabel Field pada Basic Data Tab ........................................................ 299
Tabel 4.79 Tabel Field pada Payment Tab ............................................................ 301
Tabel 4.80 Tabel Field pada Detail Tab ................................................................ 301
Tabel 4.81 Tabel Field pada Note Tab ................................................................... 302
Tabel 4.82 Tabel Field untuk Release Blocked Invoice ......................................... 302
Tabel 4.83 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Invoice Verification ................................... 303
Tabel 4.84 Tabel User Role dalam Invoice Verification ........................................ 305
Tabel 4.85 Tabel Perbedaan Claim ........................................................................ 311
Tabel 4.86 Tabel Transaksi untuk Claim ............................................................... 313
Tabel 4.87 Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Initial Screen ........................... 314
Tabel 4.88 Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Reference Claim Tab ............... 314
Tabel 4.89 Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Tabel Function Tab ................. 315
Tabel 4.90 Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Task Tab .................................. 316
Tabel 4.91 Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Data Claim Tab ....................... 317
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Tabel 4.92 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Initial Screen ....................... 318
Tabel 4.93 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Reference Claim Tab ........... 318
Tabel 4.94 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Tabel Function Tab ............. 319
Tabel 4.95 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Activities Tab ....................... 321
Tabel 4.96 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Data Claim Tab ................... 322
Tabel 4.97 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Claim ......................................................... 324
Tabel 4.98 Tabel User Role dalam Claim .............................................................. 326
Tabel 4.99 Tabel Transaksi untuk Material Master Data .................................... 331
Tabel 4.100 Tabel Field untuk Material .................................................................. 332
Tabel 4.101 Tabel Field Material pada Basic Data 1 .............................................. 333
Tabel 4.102 Tabel Field Material pada Basic Data 2 .............................................. 334
Tabel 4.103 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Purchasing ...................................... 334
Tabel 4.104 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Purchase Order ............................... 335
Tabel 4.105 Tabel Field untuk Material pada MRP I .............................................. 336
Tabel 4.106 Tabel Field untuk Material pada MRP II ............................................. 337
Tabel 4.107 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Plant Data / Storage 1 .................... 338
Tabel 4.108 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Material pada Plant Data / Storage 2 ... 339
Tabel 4.109 Tabel field material untuk Accounting 1 ............................................. 340
Tabel 4.110 Tabel jenis kepentingan Vendor .......................................................... 347
Tabel 4.111 Cara Maintain Vendor ......................................................................... 349
Tabel 4.112 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Master Data ................................................. 352
Tabel 4.113 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Master Data ........................................ 352
Tabel 4.114 Tabel Field untuk Create Vendor Master Data ................................... 353
Tabel 4.115 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Address ..................................................... 354
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Tabel 4.116 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Payment Transaction ................................. 356
Tabel 4.117 Tabel field untuk Vendor Accounting Information .............................. 357
Tabel 4.118 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Payment Transaction (Accounting) ........... 357
Tabel 4.119 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Correspondence ......................................... 358
Tabel 4.120 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Withholding Tax ........................................ 359
Tabel 4.121 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Purchasing Organization Data ................. 359
Tabel 4.122 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Vendor Master Data .................................. 360
Tabel 4.123 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Master Data ...................................... 362
Tabel 4.124 Tabel Metode Penilaian Vendor .......................................................... 364
Tabel 4.125 Tabel Subcriteria Penilaian Vendor ..................................................... 365
Tabel 4.126 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Evaluation ................................................... 371
Tabel 4.127 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Evaluation .......................................... 372
Tabel 4.128 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Vendor Evaluation .................................. 373
Tabel 4.129 Pemberian Score pada Subcriteria ....................................................... 374
Tabel 4.130 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Evaluation ......................................... 377
Tabel 4.131 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Additional Data ........................................... 381
Tabel 4.132 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Additional Data .................................. 381
Tabel 4.133 Tabel Field untuk Commodity Vendor ................................................. 382
Tabel 4.134 Tabel Contoh Commodity Vendor ....................................................... 383
Tabel 4.135 Tabel Field untuk Dokumen Pelengkap Vendor .................................. 384
Tabel 4.136 Tabel Contoh Kelengkapan Dokumen Vendor .................................... 385
Tabel 4.137 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Additional Data ................................. 386
Tabel 4.138 Tabel Perbedaan Purchasing Info Record ........................................... 389
Tabel 4.139 Transaksi Purchasing Info Record ...................................................... 390
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Tabel 4.140 Tabel Field untuk Purchasing Info Record ......................................... 391
Tabel. 4.141 Tabel Field General Data Purchasing Info Record .......................... 392
Tabel 4.142 Tabel Field Purchasing Organization Data pada Purchasing Info
Record .................................................................................................. 393
Tabel 4.143 Tabel Field Condition pada Purchasing Info Record ........................ 394
Tabel 4.144 Tabel Field untuk Display Purchasing Info Record ............................ 395
Tabel 4.145 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Purchasing Info Record ............................ 396
Tabel 4.146 Tabel User Role dalam Purchasing Info Record ................................. 397
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Siklus Pembelian secara Umum .............................................................. 15
Gambar 2.2 Procurement Cycle .................................................................................. 20
Gambar 2.3 Purchase Requisition ............................................................................... 21
Gambar 2.4 Determination of Source of Supply .......................................................... 22
Gambar 2.5 Purchase Order ....................................................................................... 23
Gambar 2.6 Goods Receipt .......................................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.7 Invoice Verification ................................................................................. 25
Gambar 2.8 Plant Specific Purchasing Organization ................................................. 44
Gambar 2.9 Cross Plant Purchasing Organization .................................................... 44
Gambar 2.10 Cross Company Code Purchasing Organization .................................... 45
Gambar 2.11 ASAP Roadmap ....................................................................................... 47
Gambar 2.12 R/3 Architecture ...................................................................................... 49
Gambar 2.13 Notasi Flowchart untuk Dokumen .......................................................... 54
Gambar 2.14 Notasi Flowchart untuk Dokumen dan tembusannya ............................. 55
Gambar 2.15 Notasi Flowchart untuk Catatan .............................................................. 55
Gambar 2.16 Notasi Flowchart untuk Off Page Connector .......................................... 56
Gambar 2.17 Notasi Flowchart untuk kegiatan manual ................................................ 56
Gambar 2.18 Notasi Flowchart untuk Komentar .......................................................... 57
Gambar 2.19 Notasi Flowchart untuk Arsip Permanen ................................................ 57
Gambar 2.20 Notasi Flowchart untuk On-line Computer Process ............................... 57
Gambar 2.21 Notasi Flowchart untuk Keying ............................................................... 58
Gambar 2.22 Notasi Flowchart untuk Keputusan ......................................................... 58
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Gambar 2.23 Notasi Flowchart untuk Terminal ........................................................... 58
Gambar 2.24 Notasi Flowchart untuk Flowline ............................................................ 59
Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi Logistik ................................................................... 63
Gambar 3.2 Struktur Organisasi pada Direktorat Pembelian ...................................... 64
Gambar 3.3 Flowchart Permintaan Pembelian ........................................................... 72
Gambar 3.4 Flowchart Permintaan Penawaran dan Pemilihan Vendor...................... 79
Gambar 3.5 Flowchart Pemrosesan Pembelian .......................................................... 84
Gambar 3.6 Flowchart Penerimaan Material dan Pengajaun Claim ......................... 89
Gambar 3.7 Flowchart Verifikasi Tagihan ................................................................ 91
Gambar 3.8 Logo Proyek Implementasi SAP pada PT. Krakatau Steel .................... 92
Gambar 3.9 Struktur Organisasi Proyek SAP ............................................................ 99
Gambar 3.10 .. Tim Proyek pada Modul Material Management ..................................... 110
Gambar 3.11 SAP Transport System ............................................................................ 124
Gambar 4.1 Enterprise Structure pada Modul Material Management PT. Krakatau
Steel ......................................................................................................149
Gambar 4.2 Flowchart Reservation ..........................................................................152
Gambar 4.3 Flowchart Purchase Requisition............................................................163
Gambar 4.4 Flowchart HPS/OE.................................................................................179
Gambar 4.5 Contoh pemilihan PR untuk PR HPS/OE...............................................184
Gambar 4.6 Contoh Pemilihan DPT...........................................................................196
Gambar 4.7 Flowchart DPT.......................................................................................200
Gambar 4.8 Contoh Pemilihan PR untuk DPT...........................................................205
Gambar 4.9 Contoh Pemilihan Vendor oleh Buyer....................................................207
Gambar 4.10 ·· Flowchart RFQ.......................................................................................214
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Gambar 4.11 Flowchart Quotation..............................................................................222
Gambar 4.12 Flowchart E-Registration.......................................................................235
Gambar 4.13 Flowchart E-Announce...........................................................................236
Gambar 4.14 Flowchart E-Bidding..............................................................................237
Gambar 4.15 Flowchart Contract................................................................................241
Gambar 4.16 Flowchart Purchase Order.....................................................................257
Gambar 4.17 Flowchart PO Monitoring......................................................................269
Gambar 4.18 Flowchart Goods Receipt.......................................................................283
Gambar 4.19 Flowchart Invoice Verification...............................................................297
Gambar 4.20 Flowchart Claim....................................................................... .............310
Gambar 4.21 Flowchart Material Master Data...........................................................330
Gambar 4.22 Struktur Kodefikasi Material..................................................................342
Gambar 4.23 Flowchart Vendor Master Data.............................................................351
Gambar 4.24 Flowchart Vendor Evaluation................................................................370
Gambar 4.25 Flowchart Vendor Additional Data........................................................380
Gambar 4.26 Flowchart Purchasing Info Record .......................................................389
xxxvii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Gambar L1 Jadwal Proyek (Gantt Chart) dari Implementasi SAP Modul Material
Management .......................................................................................... L1