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Pengenalan Sistem Informasi
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Definisi Sistem (1)
• Definisi penekanan pada prosedur:Suatu sistem adalah suatu jaringan kerja dari
prosedur-prosedur yang saling berhubungan, berkumpul bersama-sama untuk melakukan suatu kegiatan atau untuk menyelesaikan suatu sasaran yang tertentu
• Definisi penekanan pada elemen/komponen:Sistem adalah kumpulan dari elemen-elemen yang
berinteraksi untuk mencapai suatu tujuan tertentu
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Definisi Sistem (2)
• Sub-sistemSubsistem sebenarnya hanyalah sistem di dalam
suatu sistem, ini berarti bahwa sistem berada pada lebih dari satu tingkat.
• SupersistemJika suatu sistem adalah bagian dari sistem yang
lebih besar, sistem yang lebih besar itu adalah supersistem
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Karakteristik Sistem
• Input• Output• Processing• Feedback• Control• Boundary• Environment
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Contoh Diagram Sistem
• Contoh: Sistem Pemasaran
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Klasifikasi Sistem• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem abstrak
(abstract system) dan sistem fisik (physical system)• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem alamiah
(natural system) dan sistem buatan manusia (human made system)
• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem tertentu (deterministic system) dan sistem tak tentu (probabilistic system)
• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem tertutup (closed system) dan sistem terbuka (open system)
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Sistem Analisis dan Desain (SA&D)(kayaknya nanti aja di bab2)
• SA & D– Overall process by which IS are designed and
implemented within organizations
• Two most common approaches to SA & D– Object-oriented analysis and design– Systems Development Life Cycle
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Definisi Sistem Informasi
• An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
• An organized combinations of people, hardware, software, communications networks, and data resources that collects data, transforms, and disseminates information.
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Komponen Sistem Informasi• DataRaw unorganized facts• Informasi (Information)A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value
beyond the value of the facts themselves.
Defining and organizing relationships among data creates information.
• Pengetahuan (Knowledge)An awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that
information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision
ProsesA set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined
outcome.
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Karakteristik SI
• Accurate• Complete• Economical• Flexible• Reliable• Relevant• Simple• Timely• Verifiable
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Nilai Informasi
The value of Informationis directly linked to howit helps decision makersachieve their organization’s goals.
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Klasifikasi Sistem Informasi
Sistem informasi dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan:– Level organisasi– Fungsional– Support provided– Arsitektur SI
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SI Struktur Organisasi
• Department Information System• Entreprise Information System• Interorganizational System
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SI Area Fungsional
• Accounting Information System• Finance Information System• Manufacturing (operations/Production)
Information System• Marketing Information System• Human Resources Management Information
System
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Support Provided
• Transaction Processing System (TPS)• Management Information System (MIS)• Office Automation System (OAS)• Decision Support System (DSS)• Executive Information/ Support System (EIS)• Group Support System (GSS)• Intelligent Support SystemPembahasan akan ditekankan di sini
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Who are the stakeholders in information systems?
• System Owners• System Users– Internal system users• Clerical and service workers• Technical and professional staff• Mangers
– External system users• Customers• Suppliers• Partners• employee
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Who are the stakeholders in information systems? (continued)
• System Designers– Database administrators– Web architects– Graphic artists– Security experts– Technology specialists
• System Builders– Application programmers– System programmers– Database programmers– Network administrators– Security administrators– Web masters– Software integrators
• System Analysts
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The Role of A System Analyst
• System analyst is a specialist who studies the problems and needs of an organization to determine how people, data, processes, and information technology can best accomplish improvements for the business.
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Collecting Requirements
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Painting the Right Picture
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Computer Based Information System (CBIS)
• A set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data and information
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CBIS
Hardware:Computer Equipment
Software:Computer Programs
Databases: An organized collections of facts
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CBIS
Telecommunications:Electronic transmission of signals
for communication
Networks: Distant electronic communication Internet: Interconnected Networks Intranet: Internal Corporate Network Extranet: Linked Intranets
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CBIS
People
Procedures:Strategies, policies, methods, and
rules for using a CBIS.