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QVLBY N@M_HO@HJHL@ QBEBC
EBNB; YHD@BE@ELQ@BY DC
E@N ;70(?31101(O@%3?60
W_FYFEQBY@ @
Qbebc abjbn mfbabbe ehrnbj qfra`r` abr` obcbe hrlbe`m yfobepbm 6&* obcbe
behrlbe`m yfofybr 16& * ?6& dbyf b`r abe ?6& dbyf vabrb% A` abjbn qbebc kvlb qfrabwbq
n`mrho`b qbebc pbel nfn`j`m` ofroblb` nbibn wfrbe a`beqbrbepb babjbc; #`) afmhnwhy`y`
obcbe hrlbe`m* #``) aflrbaby` wfyq`y`ab* #```) nfekblb mfyfq`nobelbe o`hjhl`y* #`t) wrfabqhrefnbqhab* #t) wfjbwvmbe obqvbe yfc`ellb qfrofeqvm nbqfr` qbebc* #t`) qfrj`obq wrhyfy
qrbeydhrnby` evqr`feq* abe #t``) wfnofeqvmbe abe wfrob`mbe yqrvmqvr qbebc%
Qbebc yfcbq abe yvovr nfrvwbmbe y`yqfn c`avw a`ebn`y pbel a`cve` hjfc ofroblb`
hrlbe`ynf #n`mrh djhrb* n`mrh dbveb* yfrqb nfyh abe nbmrh dbveb)% Hrlbe`ynf qfryfovq
ybj`el ofr`eqfrbmy` nfnofeqvm yvbqv rbeqb` nbmbebe yfoblb` bj`rbe fefrl` abjbn yvbqv
fmhy`yqfn veqvm nfnofeqvm qrhw`m rbeqb` nbmbebe% Yfjb`e `qv qbebc nfrvwbmbe n`mrhcbo`qbq
obl` n`mrho`b qbebc%
Kvnjbc n`mrhob abjbn qbebc jfo`c obepbm abr`wbab abjbn b`r bqbvwve vabrb mbrfeb
yfepb|b hrlbe`m abe behrlbe`mepb jfo`c q`ell` yfc`ellb ihihm veqvm wfrqvnovcbe n`mrhob
bfrho`m* bebfrho`m* cfqfrhqrhd* nbvwve bvqhqrhd%
b) Bqnhydfr qbebc qfryvyve hjfc ofrnbibn lby yfwfrq` E?* H? abe IH?
H? abjbn qbebc yfobepbm 23 . ?7&
IH? abjbn qbebc yfofybr 2 ’ ?&
o) Lby a` abjbn qbebc ofrbybj abr` vabrb jvbr abe cby`j bmq`d`qby n`mrhob
E? pbel nfrvwbmbe cby`j d`myby` E hjfc n`mrhob wbab wrhyfy y`mjvy E
qbebc
IH? pbel nfrvwbmbe cby`j rfyw`rby` n`mrhob
H? pbel nfrvwbmbe cby`j dhqhy`eqfy`y qvnovcbe q`elmbq q`ell` bqbv
n`mrho`b pbel ofry`dbq bvqhqrhd abe bfrho
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W_FYFEQBY@ @@
Ofrabybrmbe bybjepb* n`mrho`b qfrobl` nfekba` ? nbibn*
b) n`mrho`b bvqhmqhe* pb`qv n`mrho`b pbel nfrvwbmbe n`mrho`b byj` pbel c`avw wbab
brfb qbebc qfryfovq #ebq`tf)% Iheqhc; Ijhyqr`a`vn yw%o) n`mrho`b {`nhlfe* pb`qv n`mrho`b pbel bab wbab yvbqv brfb qbebc mbrfeb babepb {bq
qbnobcbe pbel nfekba` yvnofr mfc`avwbe bqbv abwbq kvlb nfrvwbmbe yvbqv
`ea`mbqhr babepb wfeifnbrbe wbab brfb qfryfovq% Iheqhc; Fyicfr`ic`b ihj`%Z
ofrabybrmbe yvnofr mfc`avwbe veqvm n`mrho`b* qfrabwbq q`lb nbibn yvnofr pb`qv yvnofr
mbrohe* yvnofr fefrl`* abe yvnofr fjfmqrhe% Yvnofr qfryfovq ofry`dbq hrlbe`m abe behrlbe`m%
Nfqbohj`ynf n`mrho`b qbebc abjbn mb`qbeepb nfellvebmbe yvnofr fefrl`* fjfmqrhe*
nbvwve yvnofr mbroheepb abwbq a`bnbq` abjbn mhjhn |`ehlrbaymp%
Mhjhn |`ehlrbaymp babjbc qfnwbq pbel a`lvebmbe veqvm wfrqvnovcbe n`mrho`b
qbebc* nfrfwrfyfeqby`mbe mhnve`qby n`mrho`b qbebc pbel ybj`el ofr`eqfrbmy` ebnve ovmbe
`eqfrbmy` pbel ofry`dbq mheqbn`eby`% Mhjhn |`ehlrbaymp nfrvwbmbe mvjqvr a`wfrmbpb pbel
a`abjbnepb qfrkba` yfjfmy` bjbn abe wfn`ybcbe e`icf beqbr n`mrho`b abe k`mb a`jbmvmbe
wfn`eabcbe ofrvjbel bmbe a`abwbqmbe mvjqvr nvre`% Wbab mhjhn `e` abwbq a`qfnvmbe
n`e`nbj 4 q`wf n`mrho`b qbebc pb`qv bebfrho`i obiqfr`b* lrffe.yvjwcvr obiqfr`b* wvrwjf.
yvjwcvr obiqfr`b* wvrwjf ehe.yvjwcvr obiqfr`b* bfrho`i obiqfr`b* abe wchqhypeqcfq`i
n`mrhofy%
Wfr`yq`|b pbel qfrkba` abjbn mhjhn |`ehlrbaymp a`nvjb` wbab obl`be abybr pbel
nfrvwbmbe brfb bebfrho`m% Wbab brfb `e` Ijhyqr`a`vn yw% pbel ofry`dbq bebfrho`m
nfeaflrbaby` yfjvjhyb afelbe nfellvebmbe fe{`n yfjvjbyf abe a`abwbqmbe bybn hrlbe`m*
fqbehj* abe ljvmhyb% Fqbehj abe bybn hrlbe`m a`lvebmbe Afyvjdht`or`h yw% #bebfrho) pbel
nfellvebmbe YH1
?.
abe nfelcby`jmbe C?Y pbel a`lvebmbe hjfc Icjhrho`vn#lrffe.yvjwcvr obiqfr`b) abe Icrhnbq`vn # wvrwjf.yvjwcvr obiqfr`b) yfoblb` ahehr fjfmqrhe% Yfabelmbe
yvnofr mbrohe mfavb kfe`y obmqfr` `e` babjbc IH?% Mbrfeb yvjdbq a`lvebmbe qfrvy.nfefrvy*
nbmb mbabrepb bmbe nfevrve abe wfevrvebe mbabr `e` nfepfobombe _chahn`irho`vn
qvnovc abe nfellvebmbe fqbehj bqbv bybn hrlbe`m yfoblb` ahehr fjfmqrhe abe IH? veqvm
nfnwrhavmy` nhjfmvj hrlbe`m%
Wbab obl`be wfrnvmbbe qbebc a` mhjhn |`ehlrbaymp qfrabwbq Ofll`bqhb pbel
nfrvwbmbe obmqfr` bfrho pbel nbnwv nfelhmy`aby` yvjdvr yfoblb` yvnofr fefrl` abe
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QVLBY N@M_HO@HJHL@ QBEBC
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E@N ;70(?31101(O@%3?60
a`lvebmbe veqvm nfelvobc IH? nfekba` I hrlbe`m% Mfnva`be a` obl`be b`r qfrabwbq
Ipbehobiqfr`b pbel nbnwv nfepvwjb` H? veqvm obmqfr` bfrho pbel nfnovqvcmbe%
W_FYFEQBY@ @@@
Cf|be rvn`ebeq`b nfn`j`m` 1 jbnovel afelbe vrvqbe yfoblb` ofr`mvq* rvnfe*
rfq`mvjvn* hnbyvn* abe bohnbyvn%Wbab rvnfe cf|be rvn`ebeq`b qfrabwbq bmq`t`qby
n`mrho`b qbebc pbel ofrbybj abr` qbebnbe pbel a`nbmbe hjfc cf|be qfryfovq% N`mrho`b
qfryfovq qfra`r` abr` wrhqh{hb ofry`j`b* dvel`* abe yfobl`be ofybr babjbc obmqfr` yfjvjhj`q`m pbel
nbnwv nfelvobc yfjvjhyb nfekba` ljvmhyb%
Bmq`t`qby n`mrho`b rvnfe ybelbq qfrlbeqvel wbab wC* kfe`y wbmbe* |bmqv yfqfjbc
nbmbe* tbr`by` cbr`be* wfelbrvc hynhq`m abe `he`m* mhnwhy`y` lby* abe qflbelbe wfrnvmbbe%
A` abjbn rvnfe* n`mrho`b nfjbmvmbe dfrnfeqby` yfc`ellb qfri`wqb bnhe`vn pbel
nfrvwbmbe cby`j aflrbaby` mfnva`be bnhe`vn qfryfovq a`vobc nfekba` bybn bn`eh hjfc
n`mrho`b pbel mfnva`be a`rbelmb` nfekba` wrhqf`e% Kba` rvn`ebeq`b q`abm nfnbmbe obcbe
pbel nfelbeavel bybn bn`eh ebnve abwbq qfrofeqvm bybn bn`eh mbrfeb nbyyb cby`j
nfqbohj`ynf n`mrho`b rvnfe% Y`dbq n`mrho`b abjbn rvnfe babjbc bebfrho%
N`mrho`b rvnfe abwbq a`nbedbbqmbe veqvm;
b% wfnovbqbe lby
o% nfebnobc mfqfryfa`bbe bnhe`vn
i% nfe`elmbqmbe mfybbbnbe nbmbebe #nfe`elmbqmbe dfrnfeqby` nbmbebe) yfc`ellb
jfo`c nvabc a`vobc nfekba` bybn bn`eh
Bab avb nbibn dfrnfeqby` abjbn rvnfe pb`qv;
b% dfrnfeqby` mbrohc`arbq bqbv yqrviqvrbj ibrohcparbqf dfrnfeqfr #YI)
nfrvwbmbe aflrbaby` bqbv wfnhqhelbe yqrvmqvr abr` whj`nfr ljvmhyb
o% dfrnfeqby` ehe mbrohc`arbq bqbv ehe.yqrviqvrbj ibrohcparbqf dfrnfeqfr #EYI)
nfrvwbmbe aflrbaby` wrhqf`e nfekba` ofeqvm pbel jfo`c yfafrcbeb pbel a`jbmvmbe
hjfc obmqfr` wrhqfhj`q`m
