Download - K4 banjir
![Page 1: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Banjir / flood
DR. HARYATI SHAFIIKULIAH 5
![Page 2: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Flood causes• Heavy rainfall due to monsoon or local climate• Extreme events such as La Nina• Low lying topography of the area• Poor drainage system • Floating logs and debris blocking free flow of river• Lack of upstream impoundment to regulate flow• Coastal areas located below high tide level• Formation of spit s and bars at river mouths which prevent
free flow• Loss of natural potential retention ponds due to filling up for
housing and other developments• Excessive sedimentation due to upstream activities
![Page 3: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Flood impacts• Impact on Malaysian society, especially those
occupying flood-prone areas as the east coast of the peninsula and the west of Sabah dan Sarawak.
• Flood losses in terms of loss of life and damages to properties are substantial.
• The annual costs incurred by the Malaysian government in flood disaster preparedness, rescue and relief operation, and post-flood rehabilitation of victims and public utilities are nevertheless significant (Table 1)
![Page 5: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Flood Solution• A) structural measures - river improvement - embankments / penambakan - flood barriers - tidal gates - urban drainage - diversion / relief channels - underground drainage - retention pond
![Page 8: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
- Installation water pumps- Multi-purpose Dams
![Page 9: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
b) Non-structural measures- Legislation- Employment of multidisciplinary approach- Master plans for drainage- Gazettement of forest reserve, river reserves and
parks- Improvement of flood forecasting- Improvement of flood warning system- Public education and awareness campaigns- Relocation of riverine communities- Control development of hill land
![Page 10: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
- Mandatory green belts- Macro EIA
![Page 11: K4 banjir](https://reader035.vdokumen.com/reader035/viewer/2022062820/58ab3b071a28abb64d8b6985/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Thank you!