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7/17/2019 acid base balance.ppt
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7/17/2019 acid base balance.ppt
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ALKALOSIS METABOLIK
• Adalah gangguan keseimbangan asam-
basa yang ditandai peningkatan primer
kadar HO!- plasma atau penurunan H"
sehingga ter#adi peningkatan pH$
7/17/2019 acid base balance.ppt
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• L%& urinary 'hl%ride
()I H" l%ss * +%miting, gastri' su'ti%n
(enal H" l%ss * diureti's
(E.%gen%us HO!- l%ad %ral/I0 bi'nat,
anta'ids
High urinary 'hl%ride * mineral%'%rti'%ster%id
e.'ess
7/17/2019 acid base balance.ppt
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K%mpensasi tehadap
Asid%sis Metab%lik• Sistem bu11er *
• Sistem paru * peningkatan pO2 dengan
hip%+entilasi
• Sistem gin#al * ekskresi HO!- dari urin$
7/17/2019 acid base balance.ppt
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3O3-EBEATHI3) BA)
• 4asien menarik napas
dari reservoar bag dan
ekspirasi ke atm%s1er$
• Tekanan O2 5 6 ATM
• Tidak ada
pen'ampuran antara
udara inspirasi danekspirasi$
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• The 3%n ebreathing Mask pr%+ides a high
'%n'entrati%n %1 %.ygen and the reser+%ir bag
all%&s 1%r ade7uate %.ygen t% be a+ailable t%
meet the unpredi'ted patient8s breathing patternand tidal +%lume$
• 9eli+ery %1 ::; t% 6<<; O.ygen %n'entrati%n
• High %n'entrati%n at a =l%& ate %1 6> L4M
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• Advantages of Rebreathing Systems•Less %.ygen andanestheti' gases are used be'ause %1 the l%&er 1l%&
rates•Less &aste gases are pr%du'ed• &hi'h all%&sre'ir'ulati%n %1 e.haled gases The animal?s heat
and m%isture 1r%m respirati%ns are '%nser+ed• Advantages of Nonrebreathing Systems•9epth %1
anesthesia 'an be 'hanged m%re rapidly•Lessresistan'e %''urs during respirati%ns @small animals may
ha+e di11i'ulty inhaling &ith en%ugh 1%r'e t% dra& airthr%ugh a rebreathing system $need a higher 1l%& %1gases t% pre+ent rebreathing %1 'arb%n di%.ide
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EBEATHI3) BA)
• esirkulasi gas ekspirasi, terutama O2$
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• Functional analysis: hen the patient takes abreath, %r i1 the reser+%ir bag is s7ueeCed, theinspirat%ry unidire'ti%nal +al+e %pens and thegases 1l%& int% the patient8s lungs@=ig$6$ The
e.pirat%ry unidire'ti%nal +al+e 'l%ses thee.pirat%ry p%rt during sp%ntane%us breathing$The inspirat%ry unidire'ti%nal +al+e itsel1 'l%sesthe e.pirat%ry p%rt during '%ntr%lled +entilati%n$
At the start %1 e.pirati%n, the inspirat%ryunidire'ti%nal +al+e returns ba'k t% p%siti%n ande.pirati%n takes pla'e thr%ugh the e.pirat%ryp%rt, %pening the e.pirat%ry +al+e$