Dampak Negatif PBG, Metalurgi Ekstraktif dan Pemurnian

(Impact of Mineral Processing, Extractive Metallurgy and Refining)

Program Studi Teknik PertambanganJurusan Teknik Geologi

Fakultas Teknik Universitas HasanuddinKementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

KELOMPOK IVAnggota:

Each process of Mineral Processing, Metallurgy Extractive and Refining have their impact as the result of one. There are some different impact of each process causes by the process through itself and the equipment used.

Mineral Processing is a process in order to

separate the ore from its gangue in mechanically

way based on the physical and chemical

properties.

Extractive Metallurgy is processing of the natural

occurring raw materials for converting those in to

useful metals and alloys. It also deals with reaction of

metal with slag’s and gases.

Introduction

• Comminution• Sizing• Concentration• Dewatering• Material Handling

Impact of Mineral Processing

Sizing itself don’t have any significantly impact as the result of its process.

Communition is a process to gradually reduces the particle size of ore. The ash as the result of the dry process should be handle with dust collector.

Concentration

Concentrate should not be spill

Middling should be process again in order to obtain more valuable minerals

Tailing contain many harmful material

Dewatering

Impact of dewatering comes from the tail of water. This should be handle with setting or sediment pond to reduce solid content while harmful gases produces by drying process should be handle with good ventilation system.

Material Handling

Tailing Disposal contain hazardous material which could contaminate to surface. This should be handle by return it to the main pit or process it in ponds even it could contaminate groundwater but can minimize the pollution rather than disposed it in river.

Extractive Metallurgy

Electrometallurgy

Hydrometallurgy

Pyrometalulurgy

Refining

PyrometallurgyPollution may causing by Pyrometallurgy such as:• Heat around the melting equipment• Exhaust gases containing toxic (CO, Nox, SO2 etc)• Floating dust and solid content• Slag become pollutant in land

Hydrometallurgy

The impact causing by this process are:• Disposal of toxic reagents• Disposal of liquid residue (liquid tailing) containing dangerous heavy metal• Disposal of solid residues could contaminate the water if it is not processed in

ponds• Toxic gases (CO, NH3, SO2, CN etc) as the result of chemical reaction

ElectrometallurgyPollution of the environment occurs only when removing the remaining electrodes and electrolytes which are sometimes still contain high levels of heavy metals and high acidity (low pH).