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LAPORAN RESMI

PRAKTIKUM ANALISA INTI BATUAN

(AIB)

DISUSUN OLEH :

Nama : Arief Rachmat Fatharoni

NIM : 1101035

Kelompok : 1 (Satu) A

JURUSAN S1 TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI MINYAK & GAS BUMI

BALIKPAPAN

2012

i

LAPORAN RESMI


Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan

Tahun Akademik 2012

Jurusan S1. Teknik Perminyakan

Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Minyak dan Gas Bumi Balikpapan

Disusun Oleh


NIM : 1101035

Kelompok : 1 (Satu) A

Dengan Hasil Penilaian :

Balikpapan, D M Y

Disetujui oleh

Dosen Pembibing Praktikum Asisten Praktikum

Karmila, ST Erina Suhartini

ii

LEMBAR ASISTENSI



NIM : 1101035

Jurusan : S1. Teknik Perminyakan

Kelompok : 1 (satu) A

No. Tanggal Asistensi Paraf

1. 31 Oktober 2012 - Gambar dirapikan, ukuran disamakan

- Kesimpulan minimal 6

- Teori Dasar minimal 3 halaman

- Istilah asing diberi Italic

- Penulisan rumus diperbaiki

- Penulisan halaman tiap awal bab

diletakkan di tengah, halaman

selanjutnya di kanan atas

- Keterangan grafik diperbaiki

2. 5 November 2012 - Daftar Pustaka dibuat

- Daftar Isi diberi spasi 1

- Hasil perhitungan di BOLD

- Gambar diperbaiki

- Format dirapikan

- Keterangan gambar diperbaiki

3. 6 November 2012 - FINAL REPORT

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KATA PENGANTAR

Dengan mengucapkan puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, karena rahmat dan

hidayah-Nya sehingga pada kesempatan ini saya dapat menyusun Laporan Resmi

tentang Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan (AIB).

Dalam upaya penulisan laporan resmi ini tidak sedikit hambatan yang saya alami,

namun dengan kebesaran-Nya dan bantuan serta dorongan dari berbagai pihak

sehingga hambatan-hambatan tersebut dapat diatasi. Untuk itu penulis mengucapkan

terima kasih kepada :

1. Ibu Karmila, ST, selaku dosen mata kuliah Mekanika Reservoir

2. Erina Suhartini, selaku asisten praktikum analisa inti batuan kelompok 1A dan

selalu memberikan solusi serta jawaban yang membantu proses pembelajaran

3. Ayah Didik Harjono dan Ibu Murtini, kedua orang tua yang selalu

membimbing saya untuk menuju hidup yang lebih baik

4. Teman – teman kelompok serta sahabat yang telah membantu menyelesaikan

laporan resmi ini.

Penulis memahami apabila laporan resmi yang dibuat ini memiliki kekurangan,

oleh karena itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun agar penulis

dapat meningkatkan kualitas penulisan. Akhir kata saya berharap semoga laporan

resmi ini bermanfaat bagi yang memerlukan sebagai pembelajaran. Amien

Balikpapan, D M Y

Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................... iLEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................... iiLEMBAR ASISTENSI ........................................................................................... iiiKATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. ivDAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................ vDAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... viiiDAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... xDAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................... xi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... 11.1. Pengertian Analisa Inti Batuan .......................................................... 1 1.2. Karakteristik Batuan Reservoir ......................................................... 2 1.3. Analisa Batuan Reservoir .................................................................. 2

BAB II PENGUKURAN POROSITAS.............................................................. 42.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 42.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 42.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 10

2.3.1. Alat ........................................................................................... 102.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 10

2.4 Prosedur Percobaan ............................................................................ 132.4.1. Pengukuran Porositas dengan Cara Menimbang....................... 132.4.2. Pengukuran Porositas dengan Cara Mercury Injection Pump... 13

2.4.2.1. Ketentuan Penggunaan Porometer ............................... 132.4.2.2. Prosedur Penentuan Porositas ...................................... 14

2.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ...................................................... 162.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................... 16

2.5.1.1. Penentuan Porositas dengan Cara Menimbang ............ 162.5.1.2. Penentuan Porositas dengan cara Mercury Injection

Pump............................................................................... 162.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................... 16

2.6. Pembahasan ....................................................................................... 172.7. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................ 19

BAB III PENGUKURAN SATURASI FLUIDA................................................. 203.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 203.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 203.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 21

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3.3.1. Alat ........................................................................................... 213.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 21

3.4. Prosedur Percobaan ........................................................................... 253.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ...................................................... 26

3.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................... 263.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................... 26


BAB IV PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS ................................................... 294.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 294.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 294.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 34

4.3.1. Peralatan ................................................................................... 344.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 34

4.4. Prosedur Percobaan ........................................................................... 364.4.1. Prosedur Gas Permeameter ...................................................... 36

4.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ...................................................... 384.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................... 384.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................... 39


BAB V SIEVE ANALYSIS.................................................................................. 435.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 435.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 435.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 45

5.3.1. Peralatan ................................................................................... 455.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 46


5.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................... 485.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................... 49


BAB VI PENETUAN KADAR LARUTAN SAMPEL DALAM LARUTANASAM ...................................................................................................... 546.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 546.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 546.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 56

6.3.1. Peralatan ................................................................................... 566.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 56

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6.5.1. Analisa .................................................................................... 59 6.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................. 60


BAB VII PENENTUAN TEKANAN KAPILER PADA SAMPLE BATUANRESERVOIR .......................................................................................... 627.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................. 627.2. Teori Dasar ........................................................................................ 627.3. Peralatan dan Bahan........................................................................... 64

7.3.1. Peralatan ................................................................................... 647.3.2. Bahan ........................................................................................ 65

7.4. Prosedur Percobaan ........................................................................... 687.4.1. Kalibrasi Alat ........................................................................... 687.4.2. Prosedur Untuk Menentukan Tekanan Kapiler ........................ 70

7.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ...................................................... 727.5.1. Analisa .................................................................................... 727.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................. 74


BAB VIII PEMBAHASAN UMUM ...................................................................... 80

BAB IX KESIMPULAN UMUM .......................................................................... 85

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Distribusi Kumulatif Ukuran Butiran dari Graywackea. Batu pasir b. Shalysand ....................................................... 10

Gambar 2.2. Timbangan Digital ..................................................................... 11Gambar 2.3. Rangkaian Alat Porometer ....................................................... 11Gambar 2.4. Vacum Pump ............................................................................. 11Gambar 2.5. Beaker Glass Ceper ................................................................... 12Gambar 2.6. Core ........................................................................................... 12Gambar 2.7. Kerosine ..................................................................................... 12Gambar 3.1. Skema Stark Dean Destilation Apparatur ................................. 22Gambar 3.2. Solvent Exctractor ..................................................................... 22Gambar 3.3. Oven .......................................................................................... 22Gambar 3.4. Gelas Ukur ................................................................................. 23Gambar 3.5. Exicator ..................................................................................... 23Gambar 3.6. Retort ......................................................................................... 23Gambar 3.7. Timbangan Analisis ................................................................... 24Gambar 3.8. Core ........................................................................................... 24Gambar 3.9. Air .............................................................................................. 24Gambar 3.10. Minyak ....................................................................................... 25Gambar 4.1. Hubungan Ukuran Butiran dengan Permeabilitas ..................... 30Gambar 4.2. Diagram Percobaan Permeabilitas ............................................. 31Gambar 4.3. Thermometer ............................................................................. 34Gambar 4.4. Triple Range Flowmeter ............................................................ 34Gambar 4.5. Pressure Gauge .......................................................................... 35Gambar 4.6. Gas inlet...................................................................................... 35Gambar 4.7 Gas outlet ................................................................................... 35Gambar 4.8. Rangkaian Gas Permeameter ..................................................... 36Gambar 4.9. Fresh Core ................................................................................. 36Gambar Grafik 4.1.K Terhadap 1/ΔP ....................................................................... 40Gambar 5.1. Elektrik Sieve Shacker............................................................... 46Gambar 5.2. Tyler Sieve ASTM .................................................................... 46Gambar 5.3. Mortal dan Pastle ....................................................................... 46Gambar 5.4. Torison Balance ......................................................................... 47Gambar 5.5. Batuan Reservoir ....................................................................... 47Gambar Grafik 5.1.Hubungan Opening Diameter Vs % Berat Kumulatif ............... 51Gambar 6.1. Mortal dan Pastle ....................................................................... 57Gambar 6.2. Erlenmenyer .............................................................................. 57

viii

Gambar 6.3. Oven .......................................................................................... 57Gambar 6.4. Core ........................................................................................... 58Gambar 6.5. HCL atau Acid ........................................................................... 58Gambar 6.6. Methyl Orange ........................................................................... 58Gambar 7.1. Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure Apparatus ...................... 65Gambar 7.2. Vacum Gauge ............................................................................ 65Gambar 7.3. Sample Holder ........................................................................... 65Gambar 7.4. Pump Plunger ............................................................................ 66Gambar 7.5. Travelling Yoke ......................................................................... 66Gambar 7.6. Make-up Nut .............................................................................. 66Gambar 7.7. Pump Cylinder ........................................................................... 67Gambar 7.8. Picnometer Lid .......................................................................... 67Gambar 7.9. Pressure Control ........................................................................ 67Gambar 7.10 Pressure relief valve .................................................................. 68Gambar 7.11 Core ........................................................................................... 68Gambar Grafik 7.1.Hubungan Correct Pressure (atm) dan Mercury Saturation (%) 75Gambar Grafik 7.2.Hubungan Volume (cc) dan Pressure (atm) ............................. 78

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1. Ukuran Porositas ....................................................................... 9Tabel 4.1. Klasifikasi Permeabilitas ........................................................... 30Tabel 4.2 Data Permeabilitas Absolute dan 1/Δ P ................................... 40Tabel 5.1. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .............................................. 49Tabel 5.2. Opening Diameter dan % Berat Kumulatif ............................... 51Tabel 7.1. Pengukuran Tekanan Kapiler .................................................... 72Tabel 7.2. Hubungan Antara Pressure dan Volume ................................... 73

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

1. Pengukuran Porositas

2. Pengukuran Permeabilitas

3. Pengukuran Saturasi Fluida

4. Sieve Analysis

5. Penentuan Kadar Larutan Sampel Dalam Larutan Asam

6. Penetuan Tekanan Kapiler Pada Sampel Batuan Reservoir

7. Tugas Pendahulan

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