bab iv (neraca massa dan energi)

BAB IV

NERACA MASSA DAN NERACA ENERGI

IV.1. NERACA MASSA

Basis perhitungan neraca massa 1 jam operasi

Kapasitas produksi Asam Nitrat = 631,313 Kg/Jam

IV.1.1. Neraca Massa Mixed point/Ejektor (M-101)

Tabel 4.1 Neraca massa pada Ejector / mixed point (M-101)

Komponen Massa input

(kg/jam) Aliran 3

Massa input (kg/jam) Aliran 20

Massa output (kg/jam) aliran 4

NH3 109,906 - 109,906 O2 - 461,760 461,760 N2 - 1519,962 1519,962

Sub total 109,906 1981,722 2091,628 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628

PRA PERANCANGAN PABRIK ASAM NITRAT

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI INDONESIA RD. YOGANA D

TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041

NERACA MASSA DAN NERACA ENERGI IV−2

IV.1.2. Neraca Massa Reaktor (R-101)

Tabel 4.2 Neraca massa di Reaktor (R-101)

Komponen Massa masuk

(kg/jam) Aliran 5

Massa keluar (kg/jam) Aliran 6

NH3 109,906 - O2 461,760 208,330 N2 1519,962 1524,487

H2O - 174,557 NO - 184,254 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628

IV.1.3. Neraca Massa Steam Superheater (SS-101)

Tabel 4.3 Neraca massa Steam Superheater (SS-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 6


NO2 - 14,126 O2 208,330 203,417 N2 1524,487 1524,487

H2O 174,557 174,557 NO 184,254 175,042 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628

IV.1.4. Neraca Massa Waste Heat Boiler (WHB-101)

Tabel 4.4. Neraca massa Waste Heat Boiler (WHB-101)

Komponen

Massa Masuk (kg/jam) Aliran 7

Massa Keluar (kg/jam) Aliran 8

NO2 14,126 53,178 O2 203,417 189,413

N2O4 - 1,208 N2 1524,487 1524,487

H2O 174,557 174,557 NO 175,042 148,785 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.1.5. Neraca Massa Platinum Filter (PF-101)

Tabel 4.5. Neraca massa Platinum Filter (PF-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 8


NO2 53,178 59,995 O2 189,413 187,033

N2O4 1,208 1,235 H2O 174,557 174,557 N2 1524,487 1524,487 NO 148,785 144,322 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628

IV.1.6. Neraca Massa Tail Gas Preheater (TGP-101)

Tabel 4.6. Neraca massa Tail Gas Preheater (TGP-101)

Komponen Massa Masuk

(kg/jam) Aliran 9


NO2 59,995 111,445 O2 187,033 167,790

N2O4 1,235 5,108 H2O 174,557 174,557 N2 1524,487 1524,487 NO 144,322 108,241 ∑ 2091,628 2091,628



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.1.7. Neraca Massa Kondensor (KD-101)

Tabel 4.7. Neraca massa Kondensor (KD-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 10


NO2 111,445 52,168 O2 167,790 142,967

N2O4 5,1078 19,381 H2O 174,557 159,378 N2 1524,487 1524,487

HNO3 - 106,252 NO 108,241 86,996

Σ 2091,628 2091,628

IV.1.8. Neraca Massa Separator (S-101)

Tabel 4.7. Neraca massa Separator (S-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 11



NO2 52,168 52,168 - O2 142,967 142,967 -

N2O4 19,381 19,3812 - H2O 159,378 - 159,378 N2 1524,487 1524,487 -

HNO3 106,252 - 106,252 NO 86,996 86,996 -

sub total 2091,628 1825,998 265,630

∑ 2091,628 2091,628

IV.1.9. Neraca Massa Unit Oksidasi (UO-101)

Tabel 4.8. Neraca massa Unit Oksidasi (UO-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 12

Massa masuk (kg/jam) Aliran 18


NO2 52,168 - 89,729 O2 142,967 104,040 1838,917

N2O4 19,381 45,833 55,224 N2 1524,487 391,390 379,990 NO 86,996 - 3,402

sub total 1825,998 541,264 2367,262

∑ 2367,262 2367,262



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.1.10. Neraca Massa Cooler (CO-101)

Tabel 4.9. Neraca massa Cooler (CO-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 13


NO2 89,729 90,491 O2 1838,917 1838,554

N2O4 55,224 55,505 N2 379,990 379,990 NO 3,402 2,722 ∑ 2367,262 2367,262

IV.1.11. Neraca Massa Absober (AB-101)

Tabel 4.10. Neraca massa Absober (AB-101)

Komponen

Massa masuk

(kg/jam) Aliran 15

Massa masuk

(kg/jam) Aliran 28

Massa masuk

(kg/jam) Aliran 14

Massa keluar

(kg/jam) Aliran 23

Massa keluar

(kg/jam) Aliran 16

O2 (g) 1838,554 - - 92,310 - N2 (g) 379,990 - - 1867,268 - H2O 12,493 159,378 1,575 252,5253 N2O4 55,505 - - 6,102 45,8333 NO2 90,491 - - 0,984 -

HNO3 - 106,252 - 378,7879 NO 2,722 - - - -

sub total 2367,262 12,493 265,630 1968,238 677,146

∑ 2645,385 2645,385



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.1.12. Neraca Massa Bleaching Column (BC-101)

Tabel 4.11. Neraca massa Bleacher Column (BC-101)


(kg/jam) Aliran 16

Massa masuk (kg/jam) Aliran 22



O2 - 104,040 - 104,040 N2 - 391,390 - 391,390

N2O4 45,833 - 45,833 H2O 252,525 - 252,525 -

HNO3 378,788 378,788 sub total 677,146 495,430 631,313 541,264

∑ 1172,577 1172,577



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2. NERACA ENERGI

Basis perhitungan : 1 Jam operasi

Satuan : kJ

IV.2.1. Neraca Energi Vaporizer (V-101)

Tabel 4.2.1. Neraca energi Vaporizer (V-101).

Komponen

Masuk (kJ/jam)

Keluar (kJ/jam)

Hin [Aliran 1] -29.026,522 -

Hout [Aliran 2] - 2865,347

ΔH penguapan - 157715,144

QH 189607,013 -

TOTAL 160.580,491 160.580,491

IV.2.2. Neraca Energi Amonia Superheater (H-101)

Tabel 4.2.2 Neraca energi Amonia Superheater (H-101)

Komponen Masuk

(Kj/jam) Keluar

(Kj/jam)

Hin [Aliran 2 ] 2.865,347 -

Hout [Aliran 3 ] - 46602,343

QH 43736,996 -

TOTAL 46602,343 46602,343

IV.2.3. Neraca Energi Mixed Point / Ejector (M-101)

Tabel 4.2.3. Neraca energi Mixed Point / Ejector (M-101).

Komponen Masuk

(kJ/jam) Keluar

(kJ/jam)

Hin [Aliran 3 ; 20 ] 571.911,714 -

Hout [Aliran 4 ] - 571.911,714

TOTAL 571.911,714 571.911,714



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2.4. Neraca Energi Heater (H-102)

Tabel 4.2.4. Neraca energi Heater (H-102).

Komponen Masuk

(kJ/jam) Keluar

(kJ/jam)

Hin [Aliran 4 ] 571911,7141 -

QH 1153171,422 -

Hout [Aliran 5 ] - 1725083,136

TOTAL 1725083,136 1725083,136

IV.2.5. Neraca Energi Reaktor (R-101)

Tabel 4.2.5. Neraca energi di Reaktor (R-101)

Komponen Masuk

(Kj/jam) Keluar

(Kj/jam)

Hin [Aliran 5 ] 1725083,136 -

ΔHRo 298 1491,442 -

Hout [Aliran 6 ] - 1726574,578

TOTAL 1726574,578 1726574,578

IV.2.6. Neraca Energi Steam Superheater (SS-101)

Tabel 4.2.6. Neraca energi di Steam Superheater (SS-101)

Komponen Masuk

(Kj/jam) Keluar

(Kj/jam)

Hin [Aliran 6 ] 1.726.574,578 -

ΔHRo 298 total 17,358 -

Hout [Aliran 7] - 1591116,486

QC - 135475,450

TOTAL 1.726.591,936 1.726.591,936



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2.7. Neraca Energi Waste Heat Boiler (WHB-101)

Tabel 4.2.7. Neraca energi di Waste Heat Boiler (WHB-101)

Komponen Masuk

(Kj/jam) Keluar

(Kj/jam)

Hin [Aliran 7] 1.591.116,486 -

ΔHRo 298 total 50,236 -

Hout [Aliran 8] - 1432814,455

QC - 158352,268

TOTAL 1.591.166,723 1591166.723

IV.2.8. Neraca Energi Platinum Filterr (PF-101)

Tabel 4.2.8. Neraca energi di Platinum Filterr (PF-101)

Komponen Masuk

(Kj/jam) Keluar

(Kj/jam)

Hin [Aliran 8] 1.432.814,455 -

ΔHRo 298 total 8,427 -

Hout [Aliran 9] - 1432822,883

TOTAL 1.432.822,883 1432822,883

IV.2.9. Neraca Energi Absorber (AB-101)

Tabel 4.2.9. Neraca energi Absorber (AB-101)

Komponen Masuk (Kj/jam) Keluar (Kj/jam)

(Hin)1 [Aliran 15] 91509,842 -

(Hin)2 [Aliran 14] 160028,849 -

(Hin)3 [Aliran 28] 1373,931 -

(Hout)1 [Aliran 16] - 97497,333

(Hout)2 [Aliran 23] - 32181,886

Qc - 123233,403

TOTAL 252912,623 252912,623



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2.10. Neraca Energi Bleacher Column (BC-101)

Tabel 4.2.10. Neraca energi Bleacher Column (BC-101)


(Hin)1 [Aliran 16] 97497,333 -

(Hin)2 [Aliran 22] 124331,062 -

(Hout)1 [Aliran 18] - 17336,234

(Hout)2 [Aliran 17] - 204492,161

TOTAL 221828,395 221828,395

IV.2.11. Neraca Energi Tail Gas Warmer (TGW-101)

Tabel 4.2.11. Neraca energi Tail Gas Warmer (TGW-101)


(Hin)1 dingin [Aliran 23] 30496,139 -

(Hin)2 panas [Aliran 21] 125313,642 -

(Hout)2 panas [Aliran 22] - 118482,424

(Hout)1 dingin [Aliran 24] - 37327,356

TOTAL 155809,781 155809,781

IV.2.12. Neraca Energi Tail Gas Pre heater (TGP-101)

Tabel 4.2.12. Neraca energi Tail Gas Pre heater (TGP-101)


(Hin)dingin Aliran 24 37327,356 -

(Hin)panas Aliran 9 1432822,883 -

(Hout)panas Aliran 10 - 538401,756

(Hout)dingin Aliran 25 - 931818,920

ΔHRo 298 70,437 -

TOTAL 1470220,676 1470220,676



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2.13. Neraca Energi Unit Oksidasi (UO-101)

Tabel 4.2.13. Neraca energi Unit Oksidasi (UO-101)


(Hin)1 [Aliran 12] 74402,013 -

(Hin)2 [Aliran 18] 17336,234 -

ΔHRo 298 63,650 -

(Hout) [Aliran 13] - 91801,897

TOTAL 91801,897 91801,897

IV.2.14. Neraca Energi Kondensor (KD-101)

Tabel 4.2.14. Neraca energi Kondensor (KD-101)


Hin [Aliran 10] 538401,756 -

Hout [Aliran 11] - 234430,862

ΔHRo 298 213,522 -

(Hvap) panas pengembunan 364,307 -

Qc - 304548,723

TOTAL 538979,585 538979,585

IV.2.15. Neraca Energi Cooler (CO-101)

Tabel 4.2.15. Neraca energi Cooler (CO-101)


(Hin) [Aliran 13] 91801,897

ΔHRo 298 1,461 -

(Hout) [Aliran 15] - 91509,842

Qc - 293,515

TOTAL 91803,358 91803,358



TEKNIK KIMIA ’01 114.01.0041


IV.2.16. Neraca Energi Economizer (Eco-101)

Tabel 4.16. Neraca energi Econimizer (Eco-101)


(Hin)1 dingin [Aliran utilitas] 1501,232 -

(Hin)2 panas [Aliran 26] 159257,206 -

(Hout)2 panas [Aliran 27] - 140476,700

(Hout)1 dingin - 20281,738

TOTAL 160758.438 160758,438

IV.2.17. Neraca Energi Turbin Ekspander (TE-101)

Tabel 4.17. Neraca energi Turbin Ekspander (TE-101)

Komponen Masuk

(kJ/jam) Keluar

(kJ/jam)

Hin [Aliran 25] 931.818,920 -

WT [Kerja Turbin] 772.561,714

Hout [Aliran 26] - 159.257,206

TOTAL 931.818,920 931.818,920

IV.2.18. Neraca Energi Steam Turbin (ST-101)

Tabel 4.18. Neraca energi Steam Turbin (ST-101)

Komponen Masuk

(kJ/jam) Keluar

(kJ/jam)

Hin [Aliran Utilitas] 2.750,434 -

WT [Kerja Turbin] - 2.063,697

Hout [Aliran Utilitas] - 686,737

TOTAL 2.750,434 2.750,434

bab iv (neraca massa dan energi)

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