konsep array dalam bahasa c.docx

BAB I

TUJUAN PRAKTIKUM

1. Mengerti konsep data array dalam bahasa C.

2. Mengerti cara melakukan pemrograman sederhana dengan menggunakan

array.

3. Menjelaskan tentang array berdimensi satu

4. Menjelaskan tentang array berdimensi dua

5. Menjelaskan tentang array berdimensi banyak

6. Menjelaskan tentang inisialisasi array tak berukuran.

7. Menjelaskan array sebagai parameter fungsi

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BAB II

DASAR TEORI

Dalam beberapa literatur, array sering disebut (diterjemahkan) sebagai larik.

Array adalah kumpulan dari nilai-nilai data bertipe sama dalam urutan tertentu

yang menggunakan sebuah nama yang sama. Nilai-nilai data di suatu array

disebut dengan elemen-elemen array. Letak urutan dari elemen-elemen array

ditunjukkan oleh suatu subscript atau indeks.

Array bisa berupa array berdimensi satu, dua, tiga atau lebih. Array

berdimensi satu (one-dimensional array) mewakili bentuk suatu vektor. Array

berdimensi dua (two-dimensional array) mewakili bentuk dari suatu matriks atau

tabel. Array berdimensi tiga (three-dimensional array) mewakili bentuk suatu

ruang.

1. Array Berdimensi Satu

1.1. Mendeklarasikan Array

Suatu array berdimensi satu dideklarasikan dalam bentuk umum berupa :

dengan :

tipe_data : untuk menyatakan tipe dari elemen array, misalnya int, char,

float.

nama_var : nama variabel array

ukuran : untuk menyatakan jumlah maksimal elemen array.

Contoh pendeklarasian array :

float nilai_tes[5];

menyatakan bahwa array nilai_tes mengandung 10 elemen bertipe float.

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tipe_data nama_var[ukuran];

2. Array Berdimensi Dua

Data seperti yang disajikan pada Tabel 6-1, dapat disimpan pada sebuah

array berdimensi dua. Dimensi pertama dari array digunakan untuk menyatakan

kode program kursus dan dimensi kedua untuk menyatakan tahun kursus.

Tabel 1. Data Kelulusan Siswa Pada Sebuah Kursus Komputer

Tahun 1998 1999 2000 Program

1. (INTRO) 80 540 10322. (BASIC) 15 83 3013. (PASCAL) 8 12 154. (C) 10 129 257

3. Array Berdimensi Banyak.

C memungkinkan untuk membuat array yang dimensinya lebih dari dua.

Bentuk umum pendeklarasian array berdimensi banyak :

tipe nama_var[ukuran 1][ukuran2}…[ukuranN];

sebagai contoh :

int data_huruf[2][8][8];

merupakan pendeklarasian array data_huruf sebagai array berdimensi tiga.

Sama halnya dengan array berdimensi satu atau dua, array berdimensi

banyak juga bisa diinisialisasi.

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BAB III

PERCOBAAN

3.1. Percobaan 1 : Mengisi dan menampilkan beberapa variabel array

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.2. Percobaan 2 : Mencetak 15 angka pertama dalam deret Fibonacci.

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.3. Percobaan 3 : Menginisialisasi elemen array bertipe integer

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.4. Percobaan 4 : Menginisialisasi elemen array bertipe karakter

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.5. Percobaan 5 : Menentukan nilai maksimum dari sederetan nilai yang

sudah diinisialisasi dan disimpan dalam array; mengirim array

sebagai parameter sebuah fungsi.

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.6. Percobaan 6 : Menentukan nilai minimum dari sederetan nilai

masukan yang disimpan dalam array; mengirim array sebagai

parameter sebuah fungsi.

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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3.7. Percobaan 7 : Menjumlahkan dua buah array yang ; mengirim array

sebagai parameter sebuah fungsi.

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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BAB IV

LATIHAN

1. Membuat program untuk menghitung nilai rata-rata sbb :

Input : jumlah data (n), data ke-1 s/d data ke-n

Output : nilai maks, nilai min, nilai rata-rata

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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2. Mengubah program di atas sehingga mendapatkan tampilan seperti di bawah

ini:

No. Nilai Total Rata-rata

1. 85 85 85.00

2. 95 180 90.00

3. 60 240 80.00

4. 80 320 80.00

5. 50 370 74.00

6. 100 470 78.33

Nilai maks = 100

Nilai min = 50

Nilai rata-rata = 78.33

Nilai terbaik adalah nilai ke = 6

Program :

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Hasil eksekusi :

Analisa :

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3. Membuat program untuk menampilkan deret Fibonacci sbb :Input : jumlah deret

Output : deret[i] = deret[i-1] + deret[i-2]

Contoh : jumlah deret = 10

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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4. Buat program untuk mengurutkan data masukan dengan urutan naik (ascending)

Input : jumlah data (n), data ke-1 s/d data ke-n

Output : Tampilan data dalam keadaan terurut

Contoh :

Jumlah data = 3Data ke-1 = 50Data ke-2 = 43Data ke-3 = 45

Data terurut naik:Data ke-1 = 43Data ke-2 = 45Data ke-3 = 50

Program :

Hasil eksekusi :

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Analisa :

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