bishkek go eco_ossewaarde

URBAN FORUM 2014

MARTIN J OSSEWAARDE, AUCA

Bishkek Go ECO!

Presentation Overview

Who I am

What an ECO-City is

Why go there? The Benefits

Example: Transportation, Water

How to Get There

Economist with Minor in Public Administration

Assistant Professor of Sustainable Development at AUCA

Born in the Netherlands, in Bishkek since 1998

Who I am

ECO-City is a Way of Life

A city that maximises long-term well-being for all groups of citizens within ecological limits.

Social

Economic

Environmental

http://www.burohappold.com/thelivingcity/the-living-city-model/

Eco-City Criteria

1. Supports local agriculture & resources

2. Efficient energy use with maximum RET

3. Transport prioritises walking, cycling, and mass transit (bus/rail)

4. Resource efficient: Reduce, Reuse, Recycling

5. Affordable housing for all income groups

6. Restores environmentally damaged areas

7. Promotes voluntary simplicity in lifestyle

Why? Benefits

Integrated vision improves outcomes for all areas of urban services, ex. MEEP

Pro-active policies address root causes, ex. waste

Wise resource management prevents crises, ex. water

Stakeholder involvement raises acceptance of city policies

Win-win solutions allow progress without high social cost (Curitiba)

Which Cities Are Leading?

Melbourne, Australia

Bogota, Colombia

Curitiba, Brazil

Rizhao, China

Freiburg, Germany

Ahmedabad, India

San Francisco, USA

ECO-info centre

Focus on Bishkek

Energy

Transport

Food

Water

Waste

Think Link!

Buildings – Public Spaces - Travel

Schools, offices, shopping malls high travel demand high risk of congestion

Axial Development Model

Zoning: high visitor facilities only near fast, frequent, high-capacity public transport

URBS = Public Transport Agency

3 Types: Axis buses, Direct buses, Feeder routes

Curitiba, Brazil

Sustainable Transportation

Solutions:

Unified bus network with public-private participation

Standard bus fare

Safe cycling & walking

Parking restrictions

Safe streets & intersections

The Problem:

Overuse of cars poor access

Wide streets invite speeding

Hazards & Road Rage

‘Metrobus’ or ‘Optibus’

Guayaquil, Equador

MetroBus in Pictures

http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=498176

Capital Cost: $2 mln/ km

Managing our Water

Solutions:

Reduce leakage

Build awareness of the real water issue

Speed up metering

Differentiate water fee: basic + luxury usage

Drip irrigation for parks

The Problem:

Overuse of non-renewable resource

Due to lack of incentives to save

Crisis and conflict

Greening the City – Deep Change

1. Create a sense of urgency

2. Establish guiding coalition

3. Make the ECO- vision!

4. Communicate it widely in words and actions

5. Enable stakeholders to effect the change

6. Plan short-term wins

7. Reinforce the gains

8. Anchor in org culture

Source: J.Kotter, Leading Change, Harvard 1996

• ECO-city is not a trick, but a way of life

• Eco-cities worldwide have visionary leaders who walk the talk

• Their guiding coalition are willing to take risks and learn as they go

• They involve their citizens in planning and implementing the city’s sustainable future

• Wealth helps, but political will and planning are more important

• Technical expertise and financial support may be drawn from a range of international organisations and specialised NGOs

Summary & Conclusion

Resources:

• Asian Green City Index, Economist Intelligence Unit with support from Siemens, Munich 2011, www.siemens.com/greencityindex

• Going Green. How Cities Are Leading the Next Economy, LSE/ ICLEI/GGGI, Bonn/Copenhagen/London 2012

• Guidelines for Developing Eco-efficient and Socially Inclusive Infrastructure, United Nations 2011

Videos on Curitiba: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiwiyuZH3qY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nyu-SgAkAo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2nOHTc4qDM

Assistance:

International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI)

Thank You for Your Attention!