anatomi sistem muskuloskeletal-otot

Sasanthy Kusumaningtyas

OTOT RANGKA

• Terdapat lebih dari 600 otot di tubuh manusia• Penamaan otot berdasarkan:

Lokasi : brachialis Bentuk : trapezius Ukuran: maximus, minimus, brevis, longus gluteus

maximus Arah serabut otot: rectus femoris, obliquus abdominis

internus Perlekatannya: brachioradialis Jumlah origo: biceps (2 heads), triceps (3 heads) Gerak: flexor, extensor, abductor, adductor

o M.extensor carpi radialis longus ;m.biceps brachii caput longum; m.biceps femoris caput longum

OTOT RANGKA• Setiap otot dibentuk oleh serabut otot dengan arah tertentu

menentukan jelajah gerak (range of motion).

Source: Joseph Hamill. Biomechanical basis of human movement. 3Rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2009.

insertion

origin

Source: Joseph Hamill. Biomechanical basis of human movement. 3Rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2009.

PERLEKATAN OTOT RANGKA• Ujung otot melekat pada tulang secara langsung maupun melalui perantara jaringan

ikat.• Apabila letak perlekatan mendekati garis tengah tubuh atau ke arah proksimal disebut

dengan origo.• Apabila sebaliknya, disebut dengan insersio

OTOT PADA TUBUH

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT WAJAH DAN LEHER

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT PENGUNYAH

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT LEHER DAN DASAR MULUT

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT LEHER DAN DASAR MULUT

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT LEHER DAN DASAR MULUT

OTOT-OTOT LEHER

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT COLUMNA SPINALIS

• Cervical – M.rectus capitis posterior– M.obliquus capitis muscles– M.splenius capitis & cervicis

• Thoracic & lumbar– Mm.spinales (capitis, cervicis, dorsi)– Mm.semispinales (capitis, cervicis, dorsi)– Mm.iliocostales (cervicis, dorsi, lumborum)– Mm.longissimus (capitis, cervicis, dorsi)– M.sacrospinalis (erector spinalis)– M.quadratus lumborum– M.multifidus

OTOT-OTOT COLUMNA SPINALIS

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT COLUMNA SPINALIS

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OTOT-OTOT COLUMNA SPINALIS

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT RESPIRASI

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT DINDING PERUT

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

RECTUS ABDOMINISINTERNAL OBLIQUE

TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT DINDING TORAKS

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT DINDING TORAKS

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT LENGAN ATAS DAN BAHU

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT LENGAN ATAS DAN BAHU

OTOT-OTOT LENGAN BAWAH

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT LENGAN BAWAH

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OTOT-OTOT TANGAN

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT TUNGKAI ATAS

Mm.quadriceps femoris

vastus lateralis vastus medialis

Vastus intermedius

Rectus femoris

Source: Dynamic Human Anatomy 2.0

OTOT-OTOT GLUTEAL DAN

TUNGKAI ATAS

hamstrings musclesSource: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

semimembranosus

semitendinosus

biceps femoris

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

Tibialis anterior

Extensor digitorum longus

Extensor hallucis longus

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

Tibialis anterior

Extensor hallucis longusFibularis

(peroneus) tertius

Extensor digitorum longus

OTOT-OTOT TUNGKAI BAWAH

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT TUNGKAI BAWAH

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

• triceps surae muscles

OTOT-OTOT TUNGKAI BAWAH

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Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT KAKI

Source: Dynamic Human Anatomy 2.0

OTOT-OTOT KAKI

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

OTOT-OTOT KAKI

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

GERAK YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH OTOT

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

Source: Marieb & Mallat. Human Anatomy. 3rd ed. Benjamin Cummings. 2001

GERAK YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH OTOT

GERAK YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH OTOTS

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GERAK YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH OTOTS

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Referensi• Dynamic Human Anatomy 2.0• Hamill J, Knutzen KN. 2009. Biomechanical basis of human movement.

3rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.• Marieb EN, Mallat J. 2001. Human Anatomy• Tortora, JG & Derricson BH.2009. Priciples of anatomy and physiology.• Van De Graaff. 2001. Human Anatomy. 6th ed. McGraw-Hill Company.