(2a) laminate & reinforcement mat'l

LAMINATES & REINFORCED PLASTIC

MATERIAL & PROCESSES

1. LAMINATESDefinisi

Bahan plastik yang terbentuk dengan mengikat bersama-sama lembaran penyusunnya.

Beberapa Faktor DisainPhysical PropertiesElectrical PropertiesTubes & Rods (batang)Stability

Faktor DisainPhysical PropertiesSecara subtansial bahan plastik physical

propertiesnya meningkat dengan penambahan fiber.

Tensile strength, flexural strength lebih tinggi laminate dari pada neat polymer

Sifat Anisotropic: Reinforced plastics (khususnya laminate) sifat bahan sangat tergantung dari arah pengukuran

Faktor DisainElectrical PropertiesKonstanta dielektrik laminate dan reinforced plastics

sangan berhubungan dengan sifat dan jumlah bahan fiber.

Tube & RodsTube bisa dibentuk dengan heat rollingRods (batang silinder) dapat dibuat langsung dengan cetakan.

StabilityDibanding Thermoplastics, Thermosetting lebih stabil dalam banyak hal, thermal resistance dan electrical properties

Bahan SeratGlass FibersDibentuk dari suatu lelehan bahan campuran

dengan komposisi sesuai spesifikasi (lihat tabel)

AsbestosAssabestos fibers (crysotile) flame

resistance & thermal resistanceCotton or LinenNylon

Short Inorganic Fibers Banyak digunakan bersamaan dengan

mineral filler, baik pada thermosetting maupun thermoplastics.

PolyethyleneRibbons or FlakesMetalsAramidBoron, Carbon, Graphite, or

Ceramic Fibers

1.4 Laminating Resins-Thermoset1.4.1 Phenolic Resins1.4.2 Melamine Polymers1.4.3 Epoxy Resins1.4.4 Polyesters1.4.5 Silicone Resins1.4.6 Polyimide Resins

1.5 Laminating Resins-Thermoplastic1.6 NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Associations) Industrial Laminates1.6.1 Unclad Laminates1.6.2 Electrical & Mechanical NEMA Grades of Polyester Glass1.6.3 Copper-Clad Laminates1.7 Decorative Laminates

2.REINFORCED PLASTICS

2.1 Definition2.2 Thermoset-Reinforced Plastics2.3 Thermoplastic-Reinforced Plastic

3.MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR REINFORCED PLASTICS3.1 Thermoset Molding3.2 Thermoplastic Molding3.3 Hand Lay-Up3.4 Vacuum Bag Molding3.5 Autoclave Molding3.6 Reaction Injection Molding3.7 Pultrusion3.8 Filament Winding

4.STANDARDS 4.1 Laminates4.2 Prepreg4.3 Reinforced Plastics

Jenis Susunan FiberContinuous StrandThis lightweight mat is typically used as a surfacing layer on laminations to improve surface finish and to provide a resin rich area in corrosion resistant tank linings

Chopped Strand MatChopped strand fiberglass mat is the most extensively used reinforcement in the fiberglass industry. The advantages of mat versus fabrics are their low cost

Jenis Susunan FIber

Woven RovingWoven Roving is used in

laminating large fiberglass parts such as boats and tanks where an inexpensive, high impact, high strength reinforcement is required. Woven roving should be used with mat whenever bonding to plywood or making repairs.

Jenis Fiber

Kevlar FabricThis was one of the first high strength synthetic fibers to gain acceptance in the reinforced plastics industry. Unlike the previous synthetic reinforcing fibers, KEVLAR ｮ has a considerably higher tensile strength and modulus than fiberglass. KEVLAR ｮ is usually used for structures requiring good stiffness, high abrasion resistance, and light weight. Current applications include lightweight boat hulls such as kayaks and canoes, aircraft fuselage panels, pressure vessels high performance race cars and other applications where a high strength to weight ratio is required. May be used with epoxy or vinyl ester resin.

Jenis Fiber

Weave Graphite Fabric carbon fiber is the most commonly used type for lightweight aerodynamic partsweave fabric offers the cosmetic appearance so desirable on modern composite parts

Comparative Properties of continuous fiber reinforcements for plastics

Composition of glass fiber sizing