ulearn spotlight 1
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Cable GreenDirector of Global Learning
[email protected]: @cgreen
Open Education: The Moral, Business &
Policy Case for OER
Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
1 US Dollar = 1.55 New Zealand Dollar
$2731 $1,133
Tuition and Fees Books & Supplies
Cost of U.S. Community College
Source: College Board, Trends in Higher Education Report, 2011https://trends.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/trends-2011-community-colleges-ed-enrollment-debt-brief.pdf
Incredible Financial Pressure
Incredible Financial Pressure
Source: Student PIRGs: http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-To-Cover-Solution_4.pdf
Physics: Principles With Applications, 7th Edition by Douglas C. Giancoli
DONE READING?
GOOD
Nicole Allen, SPARC: CC BY
65%of students decided against buying a
required textbook because of cost
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
50%of students said that cost of
textbooks impacted how many and which classes they took
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
82%of students felt they would do
significantly better in a course if textbook was available for free
US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market
How are 2/3 of students supposed to learn with
materials they can’t afford and are not buying?
High textbook costs
Decrease student access Increase student drop rates
Decrease student success and learning
Does it make any sense WA State and K-12 Districts together spend $130M/yearon textbooks and the results are:
• Books are (on average) 7-10 years out of date• Paper only / no digital versions.• Students can’t write / highlight in books• Students can’t keep books at end of year• All rights reserved… teachers can’t update• Parents often pay for lost paper books…
http://k12oercollaborative.org
Cost of “Copy”
For one 250 page textbook:
• Copy by hand - $1,000
• Copy by print on demand - $4.90
• Copy by computer - $0.00084
Cost of “Distribute”
For one 250 page textbook:
• Distribute by mail - $5.20• $0 with print-on-demand (2000+ copies)
• Distribute by internet - $0.00072
Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Copying a book
$1000s per copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy
Distributing a book
$1000s per copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy
Copy and Distribute (and storage) are “Free”
This changes everything…
InternetEnables
CopyrightForbids
Open Educational Resources
Any kind of teaching materials – textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,
videos, readings, exams
Open Educational Resources
(1) Free and unfettered access, and(2) Free copyright permissions to
engage in the 5R activities
open ≈ free
free is assumed online
open > free
open = free + permissions
• Make and own copiesRetain• Use in a wide range of
waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and
improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribut
e
The 5Rs
retain is fundamental
retain is prerequisite
to revise and remix
Open
1. Free and unfettered access
2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
“Faux-pen”
1. Free (possibly gated) access
2. All rights reserved (or stronger)
Cost to Students
Permissions to Faculty and
Students
Commercial Textbooks Expensive Restrictive
Library Resources Free Restrictive
Open Educational Resources Free 5Rs
Nonprofit organizationOpen copyright licenses
Founded in 2001Operates worldwide
Step 1: Choose ConditionsAttribution
ShareAlike
NonCommercial
NoDerivatives
Step 2: Receive a License
most freedom
least freedomNot OER
OER
Washington Community Colleges
English Composition I
• 62,000+ enrollments / year• x $128 textbook
• ≈ $8 Million every year
opencourselibrary.org
$32M saved in 2 years+ $25M in 2015-2016
Received funding to provide faculty development on your campus:- The impacts of high textbook costs- Open textbooks as a solution- Stipends for faculty reviews of open
textbooks
The Open Textbook InitiativeUniversity of Minnesota
For more information: http://z.umn.edu/opentextbooks
OER-based Degree
When elective and required courses adopt OER so a student can graduate without ever buying a textbook
The Z-DegreeREMOVING TEXTBOOK COSTS AS A BARRIER TO STUDENT SUCCESS THROUGH AN OER-BASED CURRICULUM
Decreased cost to graduate by 25%
Increased pedagogical flexibility
Improved course completion rates
Lumen Learning
$ Cut total spend on textbooks by 90%
Measurable increase (5-10%) in student success
Open licensingof all new content
Data-driven course updates
Smooth faculty transition to open content
Student access to materials from day 1
OER Potential in U.S. Higher Education:Save Students: Billions / year
If every:
Open textbook saves $128 per course / student
11 Peer Reviewed Studies: OER Outcomes vs. Traditional Textbooks
http://openedgroup.org/
48,623 Students
http://openedgroup.org/
93% Same or Better Outcomes
http://openedgroup.org/
9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality
http://openedgroup.org/
4,510 Professors and Students
http://openedgroup.org/
50%Same35%
Better
15%Worse
http://openedgroup.org/
“what does open allow me to do?”
Disposable Assignments
Students hate doing themYou hate grading themHuge waste of time and energy
Renewable Assignments
Students see value in doing themYou see value in grading themThe world is a better place at the end
Publicly funded resources should be openly licensed resources.
White House issues directive supporting public access to publicly funded research
$2 billion: new academic programs @ 700+ Community Colleges
Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) requiredSkillsCommons.org
California Community Colleges require Creative Commons Attribution for all
Chancellor’s Office Grants & Contracts
letter: oerusa.org
openpolicynetwork.org
the opposite of open isn’t “closed”
the opposite of open is “broken”
Credits
● Open Policy Network slides – from Tim Vollmer @ Creative Commons
● Big idea Icon - from the Noun Project, Public Domain
● Blueprint Icon - by Dimitry Sokolov, from The Noun Project - CC BY
● Check List Icon - by fabrice dubuy, from The Noun Project - CC BY
● Hackathon - by Iconathon 2012 - CC0
● Question Icon - by Rémy Médard, from The Noun Project - CC BY