uderstanding business

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UNDERSTANDINGBU SINESS MANAJEMEN BISNIS PARIWISATA Matakuliah : PPW1 semester 3 Dosen : Beta B (Beb)

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Page 1: Uderstanding business

UNDERSTANDINGBUSINESS

MANAJEMEN BISNIS PARIWISATAMatakuliah : PPW1 semester 3Dosen : Beta B (Beb)

Page 2: Uderstanding business

DEFINING BUSINESS

A commercial activity engaged in as a means of livelihood or profit, or an entity which engages in such activities (investorwords.com)

2 Dimensi- Product and Market Product Market Grid (Ansoff Matrix)

3 Dimensi- Served Customer Groups Catagories of customer (Who)- Served Customer Functions Customer needs (What)- Technologies Utilized

The way that the needs are being satisfied (How)

Page 3: Uderstanding business

General Business Definition

A business (also called a company, firm and enterprise)

is a legally recognized organization designed to provide goods and/or services to consumers. Businesses are predominant in capitalist economies, most being privately owned and formed to earn profit that will increase the wealth of its owners and grow the business itself

Page 4: Uderstanding business

Business Classification by Ownership Usaha Perseorangan (Sole Proprietorship)

Persekutuan (General Partnership)

- CV (Persekutuan Commanditer)

- Firma

- Koperasi

Page 5: Uderstanding business

Business Classification by Ownership

Perusahaan (Limited Partnership / PT)- Perseroan Terbatas Tertutup (Private Corporation)- Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka (Public Corporation)- S Corporation (Campuran perseroan tertutup dan persekutuan)- Bentuk Campuran (Limited Liability Corporation / LLC)

Perusahaan Profesional (dokter, pengacara, akuntan, sekelompok profesional yang memiliki keahlian yg sama)

Perusahaan Multinational / Transnational(Bursa Efek, manager umumnya berasal dari beberapa negara

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Business Type

Agriculture and mining businesses are concerned with the production of raw material, such as plants or minerals.

Financial businesses include banks and other companies that generate profit through investment and management of capital.

Information businesses generate profits primarily from the resale of intellectual property and include movie studios, publishers and packaged software companies.

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Business Type

Manufacturers produce products, from raw materials or component parts, which they then sell at a profit. Companies that make physical goods, such as cars or pipes, are considered manufacturers.

Real estate businesses generate profit from the selling, renting, and development of properties, homes, and buildings.

Retailers and Distributors act as middle-men in getting goods produced by manufacturers to the intended consumer, generating a profit as a result of providing sales or distribution services. Most consumer-oriented stores and catalogue companies are distributors or retailers. See also: Franchising

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Business Type

Service businesses offer intangible goods or services and typically generate a profit by charging for labor or other services provided to government, other businesses or consumers. Organizations ranging from house decorators to consulting firms to restaurants and even to entertainers are types of service businesses.

Transportation businesses deliver goods and individuals from location to location, generating a profit on the transportation costs

Utilities produce public services, such as heat, electricity, or sewage treatment, and are usually government chartered.

Page 9: Uderstanding business

Business Definition FrameworkBUSINESS SCOPE

Corporate Level Business Unit Sub Business Unit Lower organizational level

Describes or communicate change in business definition Describes of communicate the business of the competition Systematically analyze the growth opportunities for

business Describe or communicate (the evolution of) markets

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Business Scope Corporate Level

Creating value by managing businesses portfolio over the long term success

Developing business units, and ensuring that each business is compatible with others in its portfolio

- Reach (defining vision, mision, goals)- Competitive Contact (competition localized)- Managing Activities and Business Interrelationship (develop

synergies)- Management Practice (centralized or decentralized)

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Business Scope

Business Unit LevelDivision / Product Line / Other Profit Center

Practical coordination of operating units and about developing and sustaining a competitive advantage for the products and services that are produced. (porter generic strategies – market vs attractiveness)

- Positioning the business against rivals- Anticipating change in demand and technologies and

adjusting the strategy to accommodate them- Influencing the nature of competition thru strategic

actions (such as vertical integration n political action)

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Business Scope

Lower organisational Level (functional / departmental level)

Is the level of the operating divisions and departments.

The strategic issues at the functional level are related to functional business processes and value chain.

. Functional level strategies in R&D, operations, manufacturing, marketing, finance, and human resources involve the development and coordination of resources through which business unit level strategies can be executed effectively and efficiently.

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The Tree of Business

Functional

Business Unit

Corporate

Page 14: Uderstanding business

Portfolio

Portfolio (Finance Perspective) : is an appropriate mix or collection of investments held by institutions or a private individual

Portfolio (management) : describe profile of your bisnis- Vision, Mission, goals - Resource Capabilities. - Performance measurement, most typically expected

return on the portfolio, and the risk associated with this return (i.e. the standard deviation of the return)..

Page 15: Uderstanding business

Value Chain

Value chain is a high-level model of how businesses receive raw materials as input, add value to the raw materials through various processes, and sell finished products to customers

Page 16: Uderstanding business

Business Process

"A process is a specific ordering of work activities across time and place, with a beginning, and end, and clearly identified inputs and outputs: a structure for action."

"A business process is the complete and dynamically coordinated set of collaborative and transactional activities that deliver value to customers."

Page 17: Uderstanding business

Comparative Advantage

Comparative Advantage concerns differences in the endowment of the factors of production

Comparative Advantage = Resource Endowment / Having an abundance of resources

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ComparativeAdvantages

(resource endowments)

The competitive strengths which are primarily due to the resource endowments which have been accorded by nature as well as the historical and economic evolution/ development of the destination

Page 19: Uderstanding business

Competitive Advantage

A competitive advantage can be attained if the current strategy is value-creating, and not currently being implemented by present or possible future competitors (Barney, 1991)

Competitive Advantage = Resource Deployment (entrepreneur’s ability to add value to the available resource)

Page 20: Uderstanding business

CompetitiveAdvantages

(resource deployment)

The competitive advantages which are primarily due to the skill, efficiency, and effectiveness with which existing resources are being utilized by those responsible for destination policy, strategy,and management

Page 21: Uderstanding business

Sustainable competitive advantage

is the focal point of your corporate strategy.  It allows the maintenance and improvement of your enterprise's competitive position in the market.

It is an advantage that enables business to survive against its competition over a long period of time.

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Sustainable Value Creation

For Customers, Suppliers, Shareholders, Employees, Society, and Environment

Unique, Difficult to replicate, superior to competition, sustainable, applicable to multi situation

Distinctive Capabilities (Resource Based View)

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Resource and Capabilities

Resources are inputs into a firm’s production process; can be classified : Physical, Human, Organisational, Knowledge, Infrastructure and Superstructure, Capital, Historical and Cultural, size of economy, etc

A capability is a capacity of an integrated set of resources to integratively perform a task or activity

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Resources

are inputs into a firm's production process, such as capital, equipment, the skills of individual employees, patents, finance, and talented managers.

Resources are either tangible or intangible in nature.

Individual resources may not yield to a competitive advantage. It is through the synergistic combination and integration of sets of resources that competitive advantages are formed.

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To be continued……

After UTS….Tourism BusinessBusiness Planning ApproachResource Based View