Turbin adalah engine yang mengkonversikan energi dari fluida menjadi energi mekanis.

Turbin uap adalah Turbin uap adalah engine yang engine yang digerakan oleh digerakan oleh uapuap..

1 – steam pipeline1 – steam pipeline2 – inlet control valve2 – inlet control valve3 – nozzle chamber3 – nozzle chamber4 – nozzle-box4 – nozzle-box5 – outlet5 – outlet6 – stator6 – stator7 – blade carrier7 – blade carrier8 – casing8 – casing

9 – rotor disc9 – rotor disc10 – rotor 10 – rotor 11 – journal bearing11 – journal bearing13 – thrust bearing13 – thrust bearing14 – generator rotor14 – generator rotor15 – coupling15 – coupling16 – labyrinth packing16 – labyrinth packing19 – steam bleeding (extraction)19 – steam bleeding (extraction)

21 – bearing pedestal21 – bearing pedestal22 – safety governor 22 – safety governor 23 – main oil pump23 – main oil pump24 – centrifugal governor24 – centrifugal governor25 – turning gear25 – turning gear29 – control stage impulse blading29 – control stage impulse blading

Konstruksi turbin uapKonstruksi turbin uap

a) Cara energi dikonversikan- impulse turbines Seluruh pressure drop

terjadi pada nozel- reaction turbines Pressure drop terjadi

pada sudu stator dan rotor.

Klasifikasi Turbin UapKlasifikasi Turbin Uap

b) Arah aliran- axial- radialc) Jumlah

tingkat- single stage- multi-stage

d) Tekanan uap masuk- high pressure

(p>6,5MPa)- intermediate

pressure(2,5MPa <p<6,5MPa)

- low-pressure (p<2,5MPa)

e) Cara pemamfaatan fluida kerja- condensing- extraction- back-pressure

f) Aplikasi- power station- industrial- transport

Klasifikasi Turbin UapKlasifikasi Turbin Uap

Perhitungan daya output Perhitungan daya output turbin uapturbin uap

Konservasi energi

Qin

Qout

Qloss

Wout

dtdQ

in

2

)gz2v

h(m

out

2

)gz2v

h(m

dtdW=

dtdW

hdt

dQh out

2

loss

1

CONTOH:

Example: Superheated water vapor is entering the steam turbine with a mass flow rate of 1 kg/s and exhausting as saturated steam as shown. Heat loss from the turbine is 10 kW under the following operating condition. Determine the power output of the turbine.

TUGAS :

P=1.4 MpaT=350 CV=80 m/sz=10 m

P=0.5 Mpa100% saturated steamV=50 m/sz=5 m

10 kw

Wout