TRANSNATIONAL CIVIL SOCIETY ADVOCACY

Yuyun Wahyuningrum, Senior Advisor on ASEAN and Human Rights, Human Rights Working Group (HRWG) Indonesia

Sekilas HRWG Indonesia's NGO Coalition for International Human Rights

Advocacy

Didirikan pada tahun 2003 oleh beberapa LSM yang bekerja di isu yang berbeda tetapi memiliki kesamaan visi untuk memaksimalkan proses demokratisasi di Indonesia untuk memastikan kewajiban konstitutional dan internasionalnya untuk perlindungan dan pemajuan HAM di Indonesia

HRWG adalah sebuah koalisi. Pengambilan keputusan tertinggi adalah Sidang Umum (General Assembly) anggota.

Program dilakukan oleh Working Group (eksekutif) dalam supervisi 5 anggota Pengurus yang dipilih dalam Sidang Umum Anggota

STRATEGIES

IMPACT ORIENTED- memastikan bahwa advokasi internasional membuat dampak di tingkat domestik dengan bekerja dalam koordinasi dengan para pembela hak asasi manusia dan para pemangku kepentingan;

COALITION AND NETWORKING– bekerja bersama dengan masyarakat sipil secara luas dalam mengadvokasi isu-isu nasional di arena nasional dan internasional;

CAPACITY BUILDING- Membangun kapasitas para pembela hak asasi manusia dari masyarakat sipil untuk memperkuat advokasi HAM internasional;

SOUTHERN VOICES- Memgembangkan visi dan suara Selatan di kalangan organisasi masyarakat sipil untuk memberikan perspektif alternatif dalam perdebatan global tentang hak asasi manusia;

COLLECTIVE KNOWLEDGE- Membangun pengetahuan dan mendokumentasikan keterlibatan masyarakat sipil dalam kebijakan hak asasi manusia luar negeri, melalui pemantauan, penelitian dan publikasi;

ACCOUNTABILITY & MONITORING- memastikan bahwa kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia dalam HAM terinformasikan oleh situasi Indonesia dan membawa perspektif masyarakat sipil.

Struktur Program HRWG

Executive Director

UN Advocacy Program

ASEAN Advocacy Program

OIC Advocacy Program

Pendekatan

DOMESTIK

INTERNASIONAL – Peran Indonesia dalam HAM dan

demokrasi di level internasional

AkuntabilitasMonitoring Perubahan (change)

Civil Society Participation in Intergovernmental Regional Formations/Processes (ASEAN, drafting of AHRD)

ASEAN (Association of the Southeast Asia Nations)

10 member countriesEstablished. 1967

ASEAN Charter 15 Dec 2008

ASEAN Community

It is about building a

democratic dialogue in

ASEAN

Since the adoption of ASEAN Charter in 2008, much was said about engaging civil society, respecting human rights, promoting democracy and about good governance in ASEAN’s high-level statements and documents.

ASEAN Guideline for the Engagement with Civil Society

2006’S GUIDELINE

Member states are still in control of deciding who can in and who cannot

The participation is perceived as privilege

The participation is not understood as RIGHT. It is more like “stick” and “carrot”

The affiliation is used as a way to control

The affiliation to ASEAN is a political issue rather than a only administrative requirement

CSOs are not seen as partners in developing ASEAN Community

2012’S GUIDELINE Generally better than the

2006’s

As a general rule, only a CSO whose membership is confined to ASEAN nationals may be considered for accreditation with ASEAN;

Approval of application for accreditation of a CSO with ASEAN shall be based primarily upon the assessment of the positive contribution which such a CSO could make to the enhancement, strengthening and realisation of the aims and objectives of ASEAN

ASEAN Human Rights Systems

Conventions: Norms/

Instruments

Commission/Committee

ASEAN Human Rights Court??

ACWC 2010

AICHR 2009 ACMW

2008

CS Advocacy Agenda: The 3Cs in Human Rights Architecture

“Commissions” - AICHR & ACWC: Access to Protection Mechanisms?

AICHR Established: 23 Oct 2009 10 Representatives 14 Mandates

No individual complaint Provide advises to ASEAN

sectorial government upon request

Can obtain information on HR issues from Member States

Consult stakeholders Submit Annual Report

ACWC Established: 7 April 2010 20 Representatives (Women

Rights and Child Rights) 16 Mandates

No individual complaint Provide advises to ASEAN

sectorial government upon request

Consult CS, women, children Advocate on behalf of women

and children & encourage ASEAN Member States to improve their situation

Submit Annual Report

Current CS Engagement with Human Rights Mechanisms

AICHR

AICHR only want to meet with those who are affiliated with the ASEAN Charter

The newly adopted AICHR Guideline of Operation silent on CS engagement

After number of rejection and selectivity manner in engaging civil society, on June 22, AICHR conducted a regional consultation on AHRD

Consultation only happen in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines

CS continue to submit inputs, reports, papers to AICHR

CS is a sensitive issue in AICHR, but during their visit to US, they met US-based CSOs

ACWC

Started with Informal Dinner (2011), Informal Session (2011), Joint-Workshop (2012), Formal Session (2012)

Informal Session: 9 out of 20 Reps attended

Informal Session: 16 out 20 Reps attended

Joint-Workshop: 18 out of 20 Reps attended

Formal Session: 20 Reps attended

Good Result, Good process, substantive discussion, cordial ambiance

Inputs from CS have been included in the reference documents of the ACWC

The initial suggestion to erase civil society” & international standards” in TOR ACWC has been put down

ACWC uses inputs from CS in formulating their positions

“Convention”: Standard-Setting Scenario

ASEAN Charter, Article

14, 2008

Terms of

Reference on

AICHR, 2009

ASEAN Declaration on Human Rights, 2012

Conventions on Human Rights

in ASEAN?

• Article 4.2 of the TOR AICHR: “to develop an ASEAN Human Rights Declaration with a view to establishing a framework for human rights cooperation through various ASEAN conventions and other instruments dealing with human rights”

• Is a“political contract” between power holder with 580 million people in ASEAN on human rights.

• Is the effort to universalize human rights at the regional level, or regionalize the universal political commitment of human rights

Roadmap for ASEAN HR Declaration

Element of CS’s Engagement:

Crossing-over,

Member of the WG,

Assistance for the Reps

Annual CS Performance Report on AICHR

Campaign: Media,

International Community,

public

Communication & Inputs Submissi

on

Knowledge Building

+ Research

Relationship/

Stakeholder

Building

Network-Building

incl. Social Networkin

g

Training and Workshops on ASEAN

human rights

mechanisms

Lobby & Working behind the Scene

Shaping the issues & priorities of ASEAN HR Mechanisms

Standard SettingAgenda SettingInfluencing the

process, decision making & end-result

Pressures: Bottom-up, Top-down

Opinion building

Current Initiatives

Targets of CS

Engagement

ASEAN Leaders

ASEAN Secretar

iatAICH

R

AMM (Foreign Ministers Meeting)

ACWC

ACMW

Committee Permanent Representatives (CPR)

Sectorial Bodies

ASEAN SecGen

ASEAN Forum on Migrant Labor (AFML)Informal Dialogue

w ASEAN SecGen on Human Rights

ACSC/APF

CS Forum to ACMW

CS Forum on AICHR for AMM

CS Forum toACWC

Informal Meeting with Civil Society (Interface Meeting)

Informal Dialogue w ASEC on Communities

Informal Dialogue with CPR

More?

ASEAN Civil Society Conferences/ASEAN Peoples Forums 2005-2012

Year Place The Name of the Event

2005 Shah Alam, Malaysia

1st ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)

2006 Cebu, the Philippines

2nd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)

2007 Singapore 3rd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)

2009 Bangkok, Thailand

4th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF)

2009 Hua Hin, Thailand

5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF)

2010 Hanoi, Vietnam 6th ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF)

2011 Jakarta, Indonesia

ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2011

2012 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2012 – March & November

2013 Brunei ?

2014 Myanmar ?

What has been the collective knowledge we produced through 8 years’ ACSC/APF?

• Particularly: Women & Youth, Indigenous People / Ethnic Minority, and CSOs

• Democracy• Human Rights• Transparency• Accountability

• Mainly: ILO, UNFCCC, CEDAW, UNCRC, UNDRIP, &MDGs

• Against unjust FTA, privatization,

• Reject neoliberal economic policies

CSO Participation in Decision

Making Process (1,2,3,6,7)

Adoption of Basic

Universal Values (3,4,5,6,7)

Adoption of UN Bodies’

related Conventions

(1,2,4,5,6,7)

Holistic - rights-based

approach on Development (1,2,4,5,6,7)

ASEAN’s Alternative Regionalism (Source: HRWG Study, 2011)

CSO Platforms in engaging ASEANName frequen

tEngaging the body

ACSC/APF annually ASEAN SUMMIT Head of States/Governments

ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF) annually

ASEAN Youth Forum annually

ASEAN Grass-root People Assembly

annually

ASEAN Community Dialogue annually ASEAN Committee Permanent Representatives (CPR)

CPR

Civil Society Forum to AMM on human rights

annually ASEAN Ministers Meeting (AMM)

Foreign Ministers

Informal Dialogue between CSO and ASG

annually ASEAN Secretary General (ASG)

Secretary General

Jakarta Human Rights Dialogue in ASEAN

annually ASEAN Human Rights Mechanisms

AICHR, ACWC

GO-NGO Forum on Social Welfare & Development

annually ASEAN Senior Official Meeting on SWD

SOM officials

Leaders’ Interface Meeting with CSYear ACSC/APF Process (Track

III/CS)ASEAN ISIS Process (Track II/Think Tank)

2005, Malaysia

1st ACSC/ ASEAN Civil Society Conference in Shah Alam15 Minute MeetingMixed Delegation of 10 and 10 ASEAN Heads of State

2006, Philippines

2nd ACSCNo Interface Meeting with Leaders

APA/ASEAN Peoples’ Assembly by ASEAN ISIS (process recognized by ASEAN Chair) in ManilaNo Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead Reading of APA Chairman’s Report

2007, Singapore

3rd ACSCNo Interface Meeting with Leaders

ACSC 2007 by SIIA Simon Tay (process recognized by ASEAN Chair)No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead Reading of ACSC 2007 Chairman’s Report

Leaders’ Interface Meeting with CSYear ACSC/APF Process (Track

III/CS)

2009, February, Bangkok

4th ACSC (within the 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Forum)30 minute Interface between CS Delegation and ASEAN Heads of StateHua-Hin, Thailand was divided into two sections. The first 15 minutes was for the meeting with CS Delegates and the rest 15 minutes was for those who have been rejected by the Rep of Government (Myanmar and Cambodia)

2009 October, Cha-am

2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Forum/5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference15 minutes, Interface Meeting between CS Delegation (some government appointed) and ASEAN Heads of State (optional)

2010 Hanoi

6th APFNo Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead CS Reps met with Chair of ASEAN, the Vice Prime Minister of Vietnam.Recognition of the process. ASEAN Chairman’s statement: 2 paragraphs appreciation of organizing of the APF and took note of invaluable inputs from civil society

Leaders’ Interface Meeting with CSYear ACSC/APF Process (Track

III/CS)

2011, Jakarta

•10 persons representing 10 countries•45 minutes (additional 15 mins from earlier agreement 30 mins) •4 speakers (extended from initially only one speaker allowed)•Time: 15:45 – •10+1 (HoS/G + Foreign Min), ASG + DSG Corp and Comm Affairs•Indonesia’s President greets all CS Delegates at the door•Indonesia’s President welcomes CS Delegates, makes speech and allows CS Delegate to speak•All delegates introduce themselves by mentioning the name and followed by “I am from ASEAN”•Indonesia’s President, Malaysia PM Najib, Razak, Thai PM Abishit Vejajiva, and PM Vietnam Nguyen Tan Dzung responded (see Annexes)•Indonesia’s President gives closing remarks and walks toward the CS Delegate and shakes their hand one by one. All leaders follow.

Leaders’ Interface Meeting with CSYear ACSC/APF Process (Track

III/CS)

2012, Phnom Penh

• Head of States met representatives from GONGOs of 8 countries (absent: Indonesia and the Philippines)•30 minutes•Topic: gender and development

2013, Brunei

ADDRESSING GAPS & CHALLENGES How have we been following up our

recommendations to ASEAN? Who should do this task? What would be the follow up mechanisms for this?

Lack of coherence between regional and national efforts

Paternalistic approach in civil society participation

Lack of accountability

Politicization of the participation, people’s voices and inclusion

WAYS FORWARD: FOR DISCUSSION

Expanding spaces for civil society in ASEAN Process – there is a need to discuss how, where, when

We want an INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE IN ASEAN which reflect the values of inclusivity, accountability, non-discrimination, human rights-based approach, embodied best practices, gender equality, replicable at the national level, with verifiable indicators

Inclusive government indicators: freedom of information, access to participate in all levels matters,

Way ForwardThere is a need to have a grand and long-term

strategy on how to institutionalize the participation and involvement of civil society in ASEAN

Building up the blocks that have been initiated by the previous chair rather than making a new one