tata surya dan perkembangannya

7/31/2019 Tata Surya Dan Perkembangannya

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Tata Surya dan

Perkembangannya

AGUS FANY CHANDRA W.


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Sun/Solar/Surya/Matahari vs

Earth/Bumi/Terra

Langit dan objek yang ada di dalamnyaselalu menarik untuk siapapun dari sejakdahulu misteri yang terkandung dibalik

semuanya Aristoteles Ptolomeus Galileo

Copernicus Keppler HubbleKonvensi Praha 2006

Apapun perubahannya pusatnya tetapMatahari


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Tata Surya Kontemporer

Thales of MiletusBumi datar vs

Phytagoras Bumi bulat

Aristoteles & Ptolomeus Geosentris

Karakteristik:

Teori diungkapkan dengan dasar filosofis

Belum dapat mengungkapkan interaksi antar

objek yang dibahas


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Tata Surya Klasik

Copernicus Heliosentris (Planet)

Tyco Brahe pengamatan sistematis

Galileo Heliosentris + Teleskop (Satelit)


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Tata Surya Modern

Kepler Hk I, II, III, gerak planet

Newton Gravitasi universal+teleskop pantul

Halley Perhitungan gerak komet

Kant Teori asal-usul tata surya 1801 Ceres ditemukan sebagai planet

1871 Ceres menjadi Asteroid karenaditemukan objek lain sejenis disekitar Ceres

Herschel Uranus

Gottfried Gale Neptunus


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Tata Surya Abad Baru

Tombaugh Pluto

Rusia vs Amerika (1957) Perlombaan

peluncuran satelit buatan luar angkasa

Lunik II mendarat di Bulan (1959)

Yuri Gargarin (1961) mengorbit di luar angkasa

Amstrong (1969) mendarat di Bulan

Venera 7-Rusia (1970) mendarat di Venus Pioneer, Mariner, Cassini, Viking, ..,

Opotunities.


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Sejarah Penemuan Pluto

1840, Urbain Le Verrier, dan John Couch Adams+mekanika Newton + analisis perturbationsdari planetUranus = memprediksi secara tepat posisi dariNeptunus

23 September 1846 Johann Gottfried Gallemenemukan Neptunus sebagai Planet

Hasil ini menuntun astronom berspekulasi ada planetX yang mengalami hal serupa

1909, William H. pickeringdan Percival Lowell(penyandang dana Lowell Observatory) menyarankanbeberapa koordinat yang mungkin menjadi posisi dariplanet sejenis ini (teori Planet X)


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PLUTO dan TATA SURYA

Clyde William Tombaugh(Lowell Observatory) Hasil pengamatan tanggal 23 dan 29 Januari

1930 (berdasarkan Prediksi Lowell)

Objek bergerak dgn kecepatan berbeda dgn

background object-nya pada plat fotografi

18 Februari 1930 mengumumkan penemuannya

sebagai planet ke 9 Tata Surya

Mengirimkan berita melalui telegraf ke HarvardCollege Observatorypada 13 Maret 1930

Pernah terdeteksi sebelumnya pada 19 Maret

1915


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Konvensi Praha 2006

Jewwit & Luu (1992) TNO (Trans

Neptunian Object) QB1

10199 Chariklo pada tahun 1997, dikenal

sebagai objek Centaur

2002 ditemukan Quaoar, Sedna, and

Xena (2003 UB313)

PLUTO PLANET?????


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KENAPA PLUTO?

Keanehan Pluto:

Bukan Terestrial atau Jovian (70% batuan & 30% es

air, atmosfernya membeku)

Seharusnya jika ada planet lain setelah Neptunusberbentuk planet Jovian (proses pembentukan sama)

Ukurannya kecil (< diameter Bulan)

Bidang orbit menyimpang (inklinasi 170,rata-rata

inklinasi planet 20

) Voyager vs Lowell tidak ada yang aneh dengan

orbit Neptunus tidak perlu ada planet X Lowell


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SEJARAH BERULANG

CERES: Planet Minor Planet (Asteroid) DwarfPlanet

100 tahun lebih dua kelompok: planet (yang berukuran besar) dan

planet minor (asteroid, yang berukuran kecil)

Batasan klasifikasi planet dan asteroid tidak didasarkanpada pertimbangan fisika, tetapi berdasarkanpertimbangan praktis untuk tetap menganggap Ceressebagai asteroid dan Pluto sebagai planet.

Selama puluhan tahun digunakan diameter sekira 1.000- 2.000 km sebagai batasannya.

1999, masyarakat astronomi dituntut untuk memberibatasan atau definisi hakikat planet (belum berhasil)


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PROSES KONVENSI PRAHA

The IAU draft definition of "planet" and

"plutons (16. August 2006, Prague)

The Final IAU Resolution on thedefinition of "planet" ready for voting(24. August 2006, Prague)

IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result ofthe IAU Resolution votes (24. August2006, Prague)
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%201.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%201.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%203.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%202.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%201.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121018182738/tmp/Berita/IAU%202006%20Resolution/IAU%20Website%20NEWS%201.htm


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The New SOLAR SYSTEM

The Solar System orsolar system[1]comprises the Sun and the retinue of

celestial objectsgravitationally bound to it:

the eight planets, their 162 knownmoons,[2] three currently identified dwarf

planets and their four known moons, and

thousands ofsmall bodies. This lastcategory includes asteroids, meteoroids,

comets, and interplanetary dust.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_objecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cometshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cometshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_objecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_system


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Anggota Tata Surya

In a decision passed by the International

Astronomical Union General Assembly on

August 24, 2006, the objects in the Solar

System were divided into three separategroups: planets, dwarf planetsand smallsolar system bodies.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union


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PETA TATA SURYA


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PLANET

Planet adalah benda langit yang:(1) mengorbit matahari,

(2) mempunyai massa yang cukup bagi gayagravitasinya untuk mengatasi gaya-gaya luarlainnya, sehingga dengan keseimbangan

hidrostatiknya mempunyai bentuk hampirbulat, dan

(3) telah menyingkirkan objek-objek lain di sekitarorbitnya.

Rumusannya dapat juga disederhanakanmenjadi:

Planet adalah benda langit yang mengitarimatahari, bentuknya bulat, dan merupakan

satu-satunya objek dominan di orbitnya.


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DWARF PLANET (Planet Kerdil)

Planet kerdil didefinisikan sebagai benda langityang

(1) mengorbit matahari,

(2) mempunyai massa yang cukup bagi gayagravitasinya untuk mengatasi gaya-gaya luarlainnya sehingga dengan kesetimbanganhidrostatiknya mempunyai bentuk hampir bulat,

(3) belum menyingkirkan objek-objek lain di sekitarorbitnya, dan

(4) bukan satelit.


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Small Solar System Bodies

All other objects orbiting the Sun shall bereferred to collectively as "Small Solar SystemBodies" ... These currently include most of theSolar System asteroids, most Trans-NeptunianObjects (TNOs), comets, and other small bodies.(defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union)

SSSB (Objek Kecil Tata Surya):

Asteroid Objek Lintas Neptunus (TNOs)

Komet

Objek Kecil Lainnya


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ASTEROID

Minor planets, orasteroids orplanetoids, are minor celestial bodies ofthe Solar system orbiting the Sun (mostly

Small solar system bodies) that aresmaller than majorplanets, but larger than

meteoroids (commonly defined as being

10 meters across or less [1]), and that arenot comets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cometshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cometshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_system


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ASTEROID BELT


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Objek Lintas Neptunus (TNOs)

A trans-Neptunian object (TNO) is anyobject in the solar system that orbits the

sun at a greater distance on average than

Neptune. The Kuiper belt, Scattered disk,and Oort cloud are names for three

divisions of this volume of space.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuiper_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattered_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oort_cloudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattered_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuiper_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_system


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Contoh Objek TNOs

Pluto, dwarf planet Charon, the largest moon of Pluto

(15760) 1992 QB1, the prototype cubewano, the first Kuiper belt object discoveredafter Pluto and Charon

(15874) 1996 TL66, the first scattered disk object to be recognized

(48639) 1995 TL8, the earliest discovered scattered disc object, and a binary

1993 RO, the next plutino discovered afterPluto

(20000) Varuna and (50000) Quaoar, large cubewanos (90482) Orcus and (28978) Ixion, large plutinos

(90377) Sedna, a distant object, classified in a new category named Extendedscattered disc(E-SDO)[1], detached objects[2], Distant Detached Objects(DDO)[3]orScattered-Extendedin the formal classsification by DES[4]

(136108) 2003 EL61 ([2]), a cubewano, the fourth largest known trans-Neptunianobject. Notable for its two known satellites and unusually short rotation period (3.9h)[5].

Eris, dwarf planet, a scattered disk object, currently the largest known trans-Neptunian object. One known satellite, Dysnomia.

(136472) 2005 FY9 ([3]), a cubewano, the third largest known trans-Neptunian object

2004 XR190, a scattered disk object following unusual, highly inclined but circularorbit.

(87269) 2000 OO67 and 2000 CR105, remarkable for their eccentric orbits andaphelia beyond 1000 AU
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charon_%28moon%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2815760%29_1992_QB1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubewanohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2815874%29_1996_TL66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattered_disk_objecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2848639%29_1995_TL8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_ROhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2820000%29_Varunahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2850000%29_Quaoarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2890482%29_Orcushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2828978%29_Ixionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2890377%29_Sednahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Ecliptic_Surveyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28136108%29_2003_EL61http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4726733.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/136199_Erishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysnomia_%28moon%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28136472%29_2005_FY9http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/mpec/K05/K05O42.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_XR190http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2887269%29_2000_OO67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_CR105http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_CR105http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2887269%29_2000_OO67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_XR190http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/mpec/K05/K05O42.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28136472%29_2005_FY9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysnomia_%28moon%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/136199_Erishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4726733.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28136108%29_2003_EL61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Ecliptic_Surveyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_Objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2890377%29_Sednahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2828978%29_Ixionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2890482%29_Orcushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2850000%29_Quaoarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2820000%29_Varunahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_ROhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2848639%29_1995_TL8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattered_disk_objecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2815874%29_1996_TL66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubewanohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2815760%29_1992_QB1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charon_%28moon%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto


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KOMET

Comets are small solar system bodies (usually only afew kilometres across) composed largely of volatile ices,which possess highly eccentric orbits, generally having aperihelion within the orbit of the inner planets and an

aphelion far beyond Pluto Saat mendekati Matahari, materialnya menjadi panas,

menguap, membentuk awan gas bercampur debudisekitar inti padatnya. Tekanan radiasi Mataharimendorong partikel-partikelnya dan membentuk ekor.

Diameter kepala Komet berkisar 10000 - 20000 km, danpanjang ekornya juta-an km.

Seluruh massanya sekitar seperjuta massa Bumi.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perihelionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphelionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphelionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perihelionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet


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Objek Kecil Lainnya

The centaurs are a class of icy planetoids Centaurs orbit the Sun between Jupiterand Neptune, crossing

the orbits of the large gas giant planets

Kuiper belt, a great ring of debris, similar to the asteroid

belt but composed mainly of ice and far greater in extent,which lies between 30 and 50 AU from the Sun short-period comets, such as Halley's comet

composed mainly ofsmall solar system bodies

Scattered disc objects are believed to have been

originally native to the Kuiper belt, but were ejected intoerratic orbits in the outer fringes by the gravitationalinfluence of Neptune's outward migration
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetoidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_gianthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuiper_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halley%27s_comethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_solar_system_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halley%27s_comethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuiper_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_gianthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter_%28planet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetoid


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Centaurs Region


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