structure endocrine gland

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STRUCTURE ENDOCRINE GLAND WIDA PURBANINGSIH, dr.

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Page 1: Structure Endocrine Gland

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STRUCTURE

ENDOCRINE GLAND

WIDA PURBANINGSIH, dr.

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Kelenjar Endokrin

Berasal dari sel epitel.

Biasanya berkelompok, kecuali kelenjar tiroid.

Selalu dekat dengan kapiler, dan mempunyaihubungan fenestrated.

Sekeresinya bekerja ditempat yg jauh, kecuali :

Parakrin (gastrin dari sel G), 

Juxtakrin(somatostatin pankreas),  Autokrin.

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ENDOCRINE GLAND

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HIPOFISIS (pituitari)

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- Berat : 0,5 g.

- 10x13x6 mm.

- Sela tursika.

Neurohipofisis Adenohipofisis

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Neurohipofiis (hipophysis posterior)

# Sekitar 100.000 axon takbermielin dari neuron

sekretorik :1. Nc. Paraventrikular--.>

oxitosin

2. Nc. Supra optikus - Vasopresin, ADH,arginine

# Badan Herring ; produkneurosekresi di axon.

# Neurophysisn : bindingprotein# Pituisit (25%)  Sel glia

.

Posterior Pituitary

Pulasan trikom Mallory

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 Adenoipofisis

A. Pars distalis : 75% hipofisis.Fibroblast sbg penyokong.

1. Kromofob : clearsel undifferentiated, sel follikular-penyokong)

2. Kromofil :Sel AsidofilikSomatotrofik (GH)mamotrofik (prolactin)Sel Basofilikgonodotropik (FSH, LH), tirotropik(TSH) kortiokotropik (ACTH)

B. Pars Tuberalis : Mengelilingiinfudibulum.FSH dan LH.

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 Adenohipofisis

C. Pars Intermedia

Berkembang dari

Kantong Rathke. Pada manusia

rudimenter, tdd ; sel

basofilik lemah, granul

kecil. Menghasilkan ß MSH

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Gomori trichrome provides similar information. X400. Cords of acidophils and basophils vary in

distribution and number in different regions of the pars distalis, but are always closely

associated with capillaries and sinusoids (S) in the second capillary plexus of the portal

system. The vascular plexus carries off secreted hormones into the general circulation. Specific

acidophil or basophil cells can be identified immunohistologically with antibodies against their

hormone products. Chromophobes are less numerous and represent various undifferentiated

parenchymal cells. Their number and density also vary in different regions.

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 Acidophil cells(A), Basophils (B)

Chromophobes (C) in which the cytoplasm is

poorly stained. X400. H&E.

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The micrograph shows somatotropic cells (S) stained

using an antibody against somatotropin. X400.

Hematoxylin counterstain.

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Kelenjar Tiroid

Lokasi : anterior laring.

Terdiri dari 2 lobus.

Tersusun : 20-30 juta folikel.

Kapsul : masuk ke dalammembentuk septamemisahkan masing  –

masing folikel.

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 Approximately 5 cm x 5 cm and weighing 20 –

30 gin adults.

surrounding the anterior surface of the trachea

 just below the larynx.

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Follicular

Sel folikel :kuboid rendahsilindris

Sel parafolikular.

Koloid :Glycoprotein(thyroglobulin).

Irregular connect ive t issue :  reticular fibers.

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PARATHYROID GLANDS

 Ada 4 kelenjar, 3x6 mm Lokasi : belakang kel. tiroid.

Kapsul septa masuk ke dlmkelenjar, merge with the reticular

fibers. Chief cel ls  : Sel poligonal kecil,

vesicullar nucleus, terpulas pucat,sitoplasma sedikit asidophilik.Menghasilkan :hormon paratiroid

Oxyphyl cells: sel poligonal besar,acidophylic mitochondria withabudant cristae. Fungsi : blm jls.

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P

 A

R

 AT

H

Y

R

OI

D

G

L A

N

D

S

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ISLETS OF LANGERHANS

Sbg kelompok sel-sel, berbentuk bulat.

Tdd sel-sel yg terbenam dalam kel. Eksokrin.

Mrp Multihormonal endocrine microorgans.

Diameter : 100-200µm.

> I juta islet of langenhans/ pankreas.

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Tdd : 4 jenis sel.1. Sel asidofil (alfa) .

Susunan granul teratur,

menghasilkan glukagon.

2. Sel Basofil (beta): 

Granul tidak teratur, di pusatnya terdapat

kristal insulin tak beraturan tergabung denganseng. Menghasilkan insulin

3. Sel D: somatostatin, menghambatpelepasan hormon oleh sel kel. di sekitarnya. 

4. Sel F : polipeptida pankreas, f/ ; blm jls. 

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Glukagon terpulas coklat dengan pemeriksaan histokimia

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KELENJAR ADRENAL( SUPRARENAL)

Sepasang, di kutub atas

ginjal, terbenam dlm jar.

Lemak.

Pjg : 4-6 cm, lebar : 1-2 cm,

tebal 4-6 cm.

Berat + 8 gram.

Tdd : Korteks mesoderm

intermediet. Medulla krista neuralis.

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Korteks Adrenal

Berdasarkan disposisi dan gambaran selnya korteks

adrenal dibagi mjd 3 lapisan :1. Zona glomerulosa.

2. Zona fasikulata.

3. Zona retikularis.

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Zona Glomerulosa

15% volume adrenal

Sel-sel columnar/piramidal, tersusun rapat membentuk

deretan bundar atau melengkung, dikelilingi kapiler.

Produksi hormon mineralocorticoid (Aldosteron) 

Keseimbangan elektrolit : Na, K

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Zona Fasiculata

65% volume adrenal

Sel polihedral, mengandung tetesan lipid  banyak

vakuola Spongios i t .

Sel tersusun memanjang.

Produksi glukocorticoid (Cortison, cortisol) &

androgen (dehydroepiandrosterone)

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Zona Reticularis

7% volume adrenal

Sel kecil, tidak teratur, intik piknotik (cell death).

Sel tersusun tidak teratur dan membentuk anyaman.

Terdapat granula lipofushin (besar dan banyak)

Produksi glukocorticoid & androgen

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