sni 03-1726-2002 standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa

8/7/2019 SNI 03-1726-2002 Standar Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa

1/69

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2/69

WCK"8>9="9008

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3/69

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4/69

WCK"8>9="9008

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5/69

WCK"8>9="9008

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6/69

WCK"8>9="9008

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7/69

WCK"8>9="9009

8 jhyk =7

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8/69

WCK"8>9="9009

9 jhyk =7

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9/69

WCK"8>9="9009

7 jhyk =7

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10/69

WCK"8>9="9009

: jhyk =7

7#8#7 Jhezklkzhw7#8#7#8jhezklkzhwefbhbpvhc wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn vczve bfcnhlhbk wkbphcnhc phwgh"flhwzke {hcn ifwhy

wfghyh ifyvlhcn ehlk jhc iolhe"ihlke hekihz ifihc nfbph jk hzhw ifihc nfbph {hcnbfc{fihiehc zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh, whbikl bfbpfyzhdhcehc efevhzhc jhcefehevhc {hcn gvevp, wfdkcnnh wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz zfzhp ifyjkyk, ~hlhvpvc wvjhdifyhjh jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc#

7#8#7#9mhezoy Jhezklkzhwyhwko hczhyh wkbphcnhc bhewkbvb wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcnefyvczvdhc jhc wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh jkjhlhb wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

7#8#7#7jhezhkl pfcvd wvhzv zkcnehz jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jk bhch wzyvezvyc{h bhbpv bfcnhlhbkwkbphcnhc phwgh"flhwzke phjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc {hcn phlkcnifwhy, {hkzv jfcnhc bfcghphk cklhk mhezoy jhezklkzhw wfifwhy 6,7#

7#8#7#:jhezhkl phywkhlwflvyvd zkcnehz jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn jfcnhc cklhk mhezoy jhezklkzhw jk hczhyh vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn flhwzke pfcvd wfifwhy 8,0 jhc vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn jhezhklpfcvd wfifwhy 6,7#

7#8#: Jkcjkcn Nfwfy7#8#:#8

jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ehczklf}fywvhzv wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn mvcnwk vzhbhc{h hjhlhd vczve bfbkevl ifihc nfwfyhekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, {hcn yvczvdc{h jkwfihiehc olfd bobfc lfczvy $ivehcolfd nh{h nfwfy+ jfcnhc zfyahjkc{h wfcjk plhwzkw phjh ehekc{h, jk bhch cklhk bobfclflfdc{h jhphz bfcnhlhbk pfckcnehzhc zfyihzhw hekihz pfcnfyhwhc yfnhcnhc# Yhwko hczhyhzkcnnk jhc lfihy jkcjkcn nfwfy zkjhe iolfd evyhcn jhyk 9 jhc lfihy zfywfivz zkjhe iolfdevyhcn jhyk 8,6 b#

7#8#:#9jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ifyhcnehkwvhzv wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn mvcnwk vzhbhc{h hjhlhd vczve bfbkevl ifihc nfwfyhekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, {hcn zfyjkyk jhyk jvh ivhd hzhv lfikd jkcjkcn nfwfy {hcnjkyhcnehkehc olfd ihloe"ihloe pfyhcnehk jhc {hcn yvczvdc{h zfyahjk jfcnhc wfwvhzvjhezklkzhw zfyzfczv olfd zfyahjkc{h wfcjk"wfcjk plhwzkw phjh ef jvh vavcn ihloe"ihloe pfyhcnehk jhc phjh ehek wfbvh jkcjkcn nfwfy, jk bhch bhwkcn"bhwkcn bobfc lflfdc{hjhphz bfcnhlhbk pfckcnehzhc dhbpky wfpfcvdc{h hekihz pfcnfyhwhc yfnhcnhc# Yhwkohczhyh ifczhcn jhc zkcnnk ihloe pfyhcnehk zkjhe iolfd lfikd jhyk :#


11/69

WCK"8>9="9009

6 jhyk =7

7#9 CozhwkH Pfygfphzhc pvcghe Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl wfihnhk

nfbph bhwvehc vczve hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke lkckfy yk~h{hz ~hezvwzyvezvy nfjvcn#

Hb Pfygfphzhc yfwpocw bhewkbvb hzhv Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph bhewkbvbphjh Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw Nfbph Yfcghch#

Ho Pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcnifynhczvcn phjh ^klh{hd Nfbph jhc afckw zhchd zfbphz wzyvezvy nfjvcnifyhjh#

Hy Pfbiklhcn jhlhb pfywhbhhc dkpfyiolh Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph G phjhWpfezyvb Yfwpocw Nfbph Yfcghch#

i Vevyhc doykwoczhl zfyifwhy jfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh lhczhk zkcnehz {hcn

jkzkcahv, jkvevy zfnhe lvyvw phjh hyhd pfbifihchc nfbph5 jhlhb wviweykpbfcvcaveehc wzyvezvy ih~hd#

g Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc ifwhyhc ifzoc#

G Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph jkc{hzhehc jhlhb pfygfphzhc nyh}kzhwk {hcn cklhkc{hifynhczvcn phjh ~hezv nfzhy hlhbk wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc evy}hc{hjkzhbpklehc jhlhb Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw Nfbph Yfcghch#

G} Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph }fyzkehl vczve bfcjhphzehc ifihc nfbph }fyzkehlcobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc phjh vcwvy wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn bfbklkek

efpfehhc {hcn zkcnnk zfydhjhp ifihc nyh}kzhwk#

G8 Cklhk Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph {hcn jkjhphz jhyk Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw NfbphYfcghch vczve ~hezv nfzhy hlhbk mvcjhbfczhl jhyk wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

j Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc ifwhyhc jfwhkc hzhv jkcjkcn nfwfy#

j k Wkbphcnhc doykwoczhl lhczhk zkcnehz k jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw 7 jkbfcwk wzyvezvynfjvcn hekihz ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc {hcn bfchcnehp phjhpvwhz bhwwh phjh zhyhm lhczhk"lhczhk zkcnehz#

J c Ifihc bhzk cobkchl {hcn jhphz jkhcnnhp whbh jfcnhc ifihc bhzk yfcghch{hcn jkzfzhpehc jhlhb wzhcjhy"wzhcjhy pfbifihchc wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

f Fewfczykwkzhw zfoyfzkw hczhyh pvwhz bhwwh jhc pvwhz yozhwk lhczhk zkcnehzwzyvezvy nfjvcn5 jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc eocjkwk flhwzke pfcvd#

f j Fewfczykwkzhw yfcghch hczhyh pvwhz bhwwh jhc pvwhz yozhwk lhczhk zkcnehzwzyvezvy nfjvcn#

F g Bojvlvw flhwzkwkzhw ifzoc

F c Ifihc nfbph cobkchl {hcn cklhkc{h jkzfczvehc olfd ifwhyc{h pyoihiklkzhwifihc kzv jklhbphvk jhlhb evyvc ~hezv zfyzfczv, olfd mhezoy jhezklkzhw


12/69

WCK"8>9="9009

= jhyk =7

wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn bfcnhlhbkc{h jhc olfd mhezoy evhz lfikd ifihc jhcihdhc m 8 {hcn zfyehcjvcn jk jhlhb wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz#

F w Bojvlvw flhwzkwkzhw ihah $2 900 NPh+

m Mhezoy evhz lfikd zozhl {hcn zfyehcjvcn jk jhlhb wzyvezvy nfjvcn wfghyhefwflvyvdhc, yhwko hczhyh ifihc nfbph bhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd NfbphYfcghch {hcn jhphz jkwfyhp olfd wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz bfcghphkeocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc jhc ifihc nfbph cobkchl#

m 8 Mhezoy evhz lfikd ifihc jhc ihdhc {hcn zfyehcjvcn jk jhlhb wvhzv wzyvezvynfjvcn hekihz wflhlv hjhc{h pfbifihchc jhc jkbfcwk pfchbphcn wfyzhefevhzhc ihdhc zfyphwhcn {hcn ifylfikdhc jhc cklhkc{h jkzfzhpehc wfifwhy8,=#

m 9 Mhezoy evhz lfikd wzyvezvy hekihz efdkpfywzhzkehc wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcnbfc{fihiehc zfyahjkc{h yfjkwzykivwk nh{h"nh{h olfd pyowfw pfbifczvehcwfcjk plhwzkw {hcn zkjhe wfyfbphe ifywhbhhc5 yhwko hczhyh ifihc nfbphbhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcn jhphz jkwfyhp olfdwzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc jhcifihc nfbph phjh whhz zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh#

Mi Ifihc nfbph doykwoczhl cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc hekihz nh{h kcfywkh wfcjkyk{hcn bfchcnehp phjh pvwhz bhwwh phjh zhyhm bhwkcn"bhwkcn lhczhk ifwbfcwzyvezvy ih~hd nfjvcn#

Mk Ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc {hcn bfchcnehp phjh pvwhz bhwwhphjh zhyhm lhczhk zkcnehz ef"k wzyvezvy hzhw nfjvcn#

Mp Ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc {hcn bfchcnehp phjh zkzke ifyhzbhwwh vcwvy wfeocjfy, vcwvy hywkzfezvy jhc kcwzhlhwk bfwkc jhc lkwzyke jhlhbhyhd nfbph {hcn phlkcn ifyihdh{h#

n Pfygfphzhc nyh}kzhwk5 jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc bobfc {hcn ifywkmhzbobfc nvlkcn#

k Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc coboy lhczhk zkcnehz hzhv coboy lhpkwhczhchd#

K Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc nfjvcn, mhezoy pfcnhlk jhyk pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghchphjh ifyihnhk ehzfnoyk nfjvcn, vczve bfc{fwvhkehc pfykojh vlhcn nfbph{hcn ifyehkzhc jfcnhc pfc{fwvhkhc pyoihiklkzhw jklhbphvkc{h pfcnhyvdzfywfivz wflhbh vbvy nfjvcn kzv jhc pfc{fwvhkhc vbvy nfjvcn kzv#

K8 Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc nfjvcn vczve bfc{fwvhkehc pfykojh vlhcn nfbph {hcnifyehkzhc jfcnhc pfc{fwvhkhc pyoihiklkzhw zfyahjkc{h nfbph kzv wflhbhvbvy nfjvcn#

K9 Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc nfjvcn vczve bfc{fwvhkehc pfykojh vlhcn nfbph {hcn


13/69

WCK"8>9="9009

> jhyk =7

ifyehkzhc jfcnhc pfc{fwvhkhc vbvy nfjvcn#

e Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc eolob wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

E p Cklhk eofmkwkfc pfbifwhyhc yfwpocw vcwvy wfeocjfy, vcwvy hywkzfezvy hzhvkcwzhlhwk bfwkc jhc lkwzyke, ifynhczvcn phjh efzkcnnkhc zfbphzefjvjvehcc{h zfydhjhp zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl#

Lc Ifihc dkjvp cobkchl {hcn jhphz jkhcnnhp whbh jfcnhc ifihc dkjvpyfcghch {hcn jkzfzhpehc jhlhb wzhcjhy"wzhcjhy pfbifihchc wzyvezvynfjvcn#

b Avblhd lhpkwhc zhchd {hcn hjh jk hzhw ihzvhc jhwhy#

B Bobfc lfczvy wfghyh vbvb#

B nb Bobfc nvlkcn bhewkbvb jhyk wzyvezvy hzhw wvhzv nfjvcn {hcn ifefyah phjhwzyvezvy ih~hd phjh zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl phjh whhz wzyvezvy hzhw ifyhjhjhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc hekihz jkefyhdehcc{h mhezoy evhz lfikdzozhl m {hcn zfyehcjvcn jk jhlhb wzyvezvy hzhw, hzhv hekihz pfcnhyvd bobfclflfd hedky wfcjk"wfcjk plhwzkw phjh ehek wfbvh eolob jhc wfbvh jkcjkcnnfwfy#

B c Bobfc cobkchl wvhzv pfchbphcn vcwvy wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvdNfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl, hzhv hekihz pfcnhyvdbobfc lflfd wfcjk plhwzkw {hcn wvjhd jkyfjvewk jfcnhc mhezoy evhz lfikdifihc jhc ihdhc m 8#

B { Bobfc lflfd h~hl wfcjk plhwzkw {hcn zfyahjk phjh vavcn"vavcn vcwvywzyvezvy nfjvcn, ehek eolob jhc ehek jkcjkcn nfwfy phjh whhz jk jhlhbwzyvezvy zfywfivz hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch zfyahjk pflflfdhc pfyzhbh#

B {,j Bobfc lflfd h~hl wfcjk plhwzkw {hcn zfyahjk phjh ehek jkcjkcn nfwfy#

B {,e Bobfc lflfd h~hl wfcjk plhwzkw {hcn zfyahjk phjh ehek eolob#

c Coboy lhczhk zkcnehz phlkcn hzhw $lhczhk pvcghe+5 avblhd lhczhk zkcnehzwzyvezvy nfjvcn5 jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc ifwhyhc cobkchl#

C Cklhk dhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy phjh wvhzv lhpkwhc zhchd5 nh{h coybhlwfghyh vbvb#

C k Cklhk dhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy phjh lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k#

C Cklhk yhzh"yhzh ifyioioz dhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy lhpkwhc zhchd jk hzhwihzvhc jhwhy jfcnhc zfihl lhpkwhc zhchd wfihnhk ifwhyhc pfbioiozc{h#

p Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc vcwvy wfeocjfy, vcwvy hywkzfezvy hzhv kcwzhlhwkbfwkc jhc lkwzyke#


14/69

WCK"8>9="9009

4 jhyk =7

P Mhezoy ekcfyah vcwvy, bfcgfybkcehc zkcnehz efvzhbhhc vcwvy wfeocjfy,vcwvy hywkzfezvy hzhv kcwzhlhwk bfwkc jhc lkwzyke jhlhb ekcfyahc{h wflhbhbhvpvc wfzflhd nfbph ifylhcnwvcn#

PK Kcjfew Plhwzkwkzhw zhchd lfbpvcn#

Xc Pfbifihchc cobkchl phjh wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn, {hkzv eobikchwk ifihc"ifihc cobkchl, bhwkcn"bhwkcn zhcph jkehlkehc jfcnhc mhezoy ifihc#

Xv Pfbifihchc vlzkbkz phjh wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn, {hkzv eobikchwk ifihc"ifihc vlzkbkz, jkdhwklehc olfd eobikchwk ifihc"ifihc cobkchl, bhwkcn"bhwkcn jkehlkehc jfcnhc mhezoy ifihc#

Y Mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph, yhwko hczhyh ifihc nfbph bhewkbvb hekihzpfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn flhwzke pfcvd jhc ifihcnfbph cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcnjhezhkl, ifynhczvcn phjh mhezoy jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz5 mhezoyyfjvewk nfbph yfpyfwfczhzkm wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc#

Yb Mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph bhewkbvb {hcn jhphz jkefyhdehc olfd wvhzv afckwwkwzfb hzhv wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

Yc Efevhzhc cobkchl wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jkdhwklehc olfd efevhzhc cobkchlvcwvy"vcwvyc{h, bhwkcn"bhwkcn zhcph jkehlkehc jfcnhc mhezoy yfjvewk#

Yv

Efevhzhc vlzkbkz wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jkdhwklehc olfd efevhzhc vlzkbkzvcwvy"vcwvyc{h, {hkzv efevhzhc cobkchl {hcn bhwkcn"bhwkcn jkehlkehcjfcnhc mhezoy yfjvewk#

Yt Mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph vczve pfbifihchc nfbph jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"t phjhwzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc#

Y{ Mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph vczve pfbifihchc nfbph jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"{ phjhwzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc#

w Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc ifwhyhc wviwkwzfb, wzyvezvy hzhv ihah#

Wv Evhz nfwfy ckyhlky lhpkwhc zhchd#

Wvk Evhz nfwfy ckyhlky lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k#

vW Evhz nfwfy ckyhlky yhzh"yhzh ifyioioz jfcnhc zfihl lhpkwhc zhchd wfihnhkifwhyhc pfbioiozc{h#

zk Zfihl lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k#

Z ^hezv nfzhy hlhbk wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkc{hzhehc jhlhb jfzke {hcnbfcfczvehc ifwhyc{h Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc evy}hc{hjkzhbpklehc jhlhb Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw Nfbph Yfcghch#


15/69

WCK"8>9="9009

; jhyk =7

Z8 ^hezv nfzhy hlhbk mvcjhbfczhl wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc bhvpvc zkjhe ifyhzvyhc jkc{hzhehc jhlhb jfzke#

Zg ^hezv nfzhy hlhbk wvjvz, {hkzv ~hezv nfzhy hlhbk phjh zkzke pfyvihdhcjkhnyhb G jhyk nhykw jhzhy bfcahjk evy}h dkpfyiolh phjh Wpfezyvb YfwpocwNfbph Yfcghch#

v Jhlhb wviweykp bfcvcaveehc ifwhyhc vlzkbkz#

}w Efgfphzhc yhbihz nflobihcn nfwfy#

w} Efgfphzhc yhbihz yhzh"yhzh ifyioioz nflobihcn nfwfy jfcnhc zfihl lhpkwhczhchd wfihnhk ifwhyhc pfbioiozc{h#

}wk Efgfphzhc yhbihz nflobihcn nfwfy jk lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k#] Ifihc $nh{h+ nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph

Yfcghch {hcn ifefyah jk zkcnehz jhwhy wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc jfcnhczkcnehz jhezklkzhw vbvb, jkdkzvcn ifyjhwhyehc ~hezv nfzhy hlhbkmvcjhbfczhl wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc zfywfivz#

] f Pfbifihchc nfbph bhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcnjhphz jkwfyhp olfd wzyvezvy nfjvcn flhwzke pfcvd jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcnefyvczvdhc#

] b Pfbifihchc nfbph bhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcnjhphz jkwfyhp olfd wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhcjfcnhc pfcnfyhdhc mhezoy evhz lfikd zozhl m {hcn zfyehcjvcn jk jhlhbwzyvezvy nfjvcn#

] c Pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl vczve wzyvezvynfjvcn jfcnhc zkcnehz jhezklkzhw vbvb5 pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjhwhhz jk jhlhb wzyvezvy zfyahjk pflflfdhc pfyzhbh {hcn wvjhd jkyfjvewkjfcnhc mhezoy evhz lfikd ifihc jhc ihdhc m 8#

] w Nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl hekihz ifihc nfbph {hcn jkpkevl olfd wvhzv afckwwviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfyzfczv jk zkcnehz jhwhy#

] z Nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl {hcn ifefyah jk zkcnehz jhwhy wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc{hcn jkjhphz jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw yhnhb wpfezyvb yfwpocw hzhv jhyk dhwklhchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke yk~h{hz ~hezv#

ot] Nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm

pfbifihchc cobkchl {hcn ifefyah jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"t jk zkcnehz jhwhywzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc#

o{] Nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm


16/69

WCK"8>9="9009

80 jhyk =7

pfbifihchc cobkchl {hcn ifefyah jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"{ jk zkcnehz jhwhywzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc#

] 8 Nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl {hcn ifefyah jk zkcnehz jhwhy wzyvezvy nfjvcn

zkjhe ifyhzvyhc jfcnhc zkcnehz jhezklkzhw vbvb, jkdkzvcn ifyjhwhyehc ~hezvnfzhy hlhbk mvcjhbfczhl wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

~ c Ehjhy hky hlhbk zhchd#

^ i Ifyhz lhczhk ifwbfc wzyvezvy ih~hd wvhzv nfjvcn, zfybhwve ifihc dkjvp{hcn wfwvhk#

^ k Ifyhz lhczhk zkcnehz ef"k wzyvezvy hzhw wvhzv nfjvcn, zfybhwve ifihc dkjvp{hcn wfwvhk#

^ p Ifyhz vcwvy wfeocjfy, vcwvy hywkzfezvy hzhv kcwzhlhwk bfwkc jhc lkwzyke#

^ z Ifyhz zozhl nfjvcn, zfybhwve ifihc dkjvp {hcn wfwvhk#

t Pfcvcave hyhd wvbiv eooyjkchz $avnh jhlhb wviweykp+#

{ Pfcvcave hyhd wvbiv eooyjkchz $avnh jhlhb wviweykp+5 jhlhb wviweykpbfcvcaveehc pfbifihchc phjh whhz zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh jk jhlhbwzyvezvy nfjvcn hzhv bobfc {hcn ifywkmhz bobfc lflfd#

qk Efzkcnnkhc lhczhk zkcnehz ef"k wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfydhjhp zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl#

qc Efzkcnnkhc lhczhk zkcnehz pvcghe c wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfydhjhp zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl#

qp Efzkcnnkhc zfbphz efjvjvehc vcwvy wfeocjfy, vcwvy hywkzfezvy hzhv kcwzhlhwkbfwkc jhc lkwzyke zfydhjhp zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl#

$ifzh+ Kcjfew efpfygh{hhc $ yflkhiklkz{ kcjft +, wvhzv iklhcnhc {hcn iklh jkehlkehcjfcnhc jf}khwk wzhcjhy jkwzykivwk ifwhyhc c $Yv/Xv+, efbvjkhc jkevyhcnehc

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$nhbbh+ Mhezoy ifihc wfghyh vbvb#

J $nhbbh"J+ Mhezoy ifihc vczve ifihc bhzk cobkchl#

F $nhbbh"F+ Mhezoy ifihc vczve ifihc nfbph cobkchl#

L $nhbbh"L+ Mhezoy ifihc vczve ifihc dkjvp cobkchl#


17/69

WCK"8>9="9009

88 jhyk =7

b $jflzh"b+ Wkbphcnhc bhewkbvb wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghchphjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc#

{ $jflzh"{+ Wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh whhzzfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh#

$qfzh+ Eofmkwkfc pfcnhlk jhyk avblhd zkcnehz wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn bfbihzhwk~hezv nfzhy hlhbk mvcjhbfczhl wzyvezvy nfjvcn, ifynhczvcn phjh ^klh{hdNfbph#

$fzh+ Mhezoy pfcnhlk jhyk wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd NfbphYfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl vczve bfcjhphzehc wkbphcnhcwzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh#

$bv+ Mhezoy jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn, yhwko hczhyh wkbphcnhc bhewkbvbwzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh whhz bfcghphkeocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc jhc wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhzzfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh#

b $bv"b+ Cklhk mhezoy jhezklkzhw bhewkbvb {hcn jhphz jkefyhdehc olfd wvhzv wkwzfbhzhv wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn#

$ewk+ Mhezoy pfcnhlk jhyk wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd NfbphYfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc cobkchl vczve bfcjhphzehc wkbphcnhcbhewkbvb wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcn

efyvczvdhc#

$wknbh+ Jf}khwk wzhcjhy jkwzykivwk ifwhyhcc $Yv/Xv+, jk bhch Y v hjhlhd efevhzhcvlzkbkz wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn jkzkcahv jhc X v hjhlhd pfbifihchc vlzkbkzphjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn kzv#

$wknbh+ Zhcjh pfcavblhdhc#

$pdk+ Mhezoy yfjvewk efevhzhc wfghyh vbvb#

$pwk+ Eofmkwkfc pfcnhlk jhyk pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd $zfybhwve mhezoyefvzhbhhcc{h+ vczve bfcjhphzehc mhezoy yfwpocw nfbph }fyzkehl,ifynhczvcn phjh klh{hd Nfbph#

: Efzfczvhc vbvb:#8 Nfbph yfcghch jhc ehzfnoyk nfjvcn:#8#8 Wzhcjhy kck bfcfczvehc pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcn dhyvw jkzkcahv jhlhbpfyfcghchhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn wfyzh ifyihnhk ihnkhc jhc pfyhlhzhcc{h wfghyh vbvb# Hekihzpfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, wzyvezvy nfjvcn wfghyh efwflvyvdhc dhyvw bhwkd ifyjkyk,~hlhvpvc wvjhd ifyhjh jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc# Nfbph Yfcghch jkzfzhpehcbfbpvc{hk pfykojh vlhcn 600 zhdvc, hnhy pyoihiklkzhw zfyahjkc{h zfyihzhw phjh 80&

wflhbh vbvy nfjvcn 60 zhdvc#

:#8#9 Vczve ifyihnhk ehzfnoyk nfjvcn, ifynhczvcn phjh pyoihiklkzhw zfyahjkc{h


18/69

WCK"8>9="9009

89 jhyk =7

efyvczvdhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn wflhbh vbvy nfjvcn jhc vbvy nfjvcn zfywfivz {hcnjkdhyhpehc, pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch zfydhjhpc{h dhyvw jkehlkehc jfcnhc wvhzv MhezoyEfvzhbhhc K bfcvyvz pfywhbhhc 1

K 2 K8 K9 $8+

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Zhifl 8 Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc K vczve ifyihnhk ehzfnoyk nfjvcn jhc ihcnvchc

Mhezoy EfvzhbhhcEhzfnoyk nfjvcn

K8 K9 K

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8,0 8,0 8,0

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8,: 8,0 8,:

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8,= 8,0 8,=

Gfyoiocn, zhcnek jk hzhw bfchyh 8,6 8,0 8,6

Ghzhzhc 1Vczve wfbvh wzyvezvy ihcnvchc nfjvcn {hcn kakc pfcnnvchhcc{h jkzfyikzehc

wfiflvb ifylhevc{h Wzhcjhy kck bheh Mhezoy Efvzhbhhb, K, jhphz jkehlkehc40

:#9 Wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc jhc zkjhe ifyhzvyhc:#9#8 Wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkzfzhpehc wfihnhk wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc, hphiklh bfbfcvdkefzfczvhc wfihnhk ifykevz 1

" Zkcnnk wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkvevy jhyk zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl zkjhe lfikd jhyk 80 zkcnehzhzhv :0 b#

" Jfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn hjhlhd pfywfnk phcahcn zhcph zocaolhc jhc ehlhvpvcbfbpvc{hk zocaolhc, phcahcn zocaolhc zfywfivz zkjhe lfikd jhyk 96& jhyk vevyhczfyifwhy jfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhlhb hyhd zocaolhc zfywfivz#


19/69

WCK"8>9="9009

87 jhyk =7

" Jfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe bfcvcaveehc gohehc wvjvz jhc ehlhvpvc bfbpvc{hkgohehc wvjvz, phcahcn wkwk gohehc zfywfivz zkjhe lfikd jhyk 86& jhyk vevyhc zfyifwhyjfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhlhb hyhd wkwk gohehc zfywfivz#

" Wkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfyifczve olfd wviwkwzfb"wviwkwzfb pfchdhc ifihc lhzfyhl{hcn hyhdc{h whlkcn zfnhe lvyvw jhc wfahahy jfcnhc wvbiv"wvbiv vzhbh oyzonochljfchd wzyvezvy nfjvcn wfghyh efwflvyvdhc#

" Wkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe bfcvcaveehc locghzhc ikjhcn bveh jhc ehlhvpvcbfbpvc{hk locghzhc ikjhcn bveh, vevyhc jhyk jfchd wzyvezvy ihnkhc nfjvcn {hcnbfcavlhcn jhlhb bhwkcn"bhwkcn hyhd, zkjhe evyhcn jhyk >6& jhyk vevyhc zfyifwhyjfchd wzyvezvy ihnkhc nfjvcn wfiflhd ih~hdc{h# Jhlhb dhl kck, wzyvezvy yvbhd hzhp{hcn zkcnnkc{h zkjhe lfikd jhyk 9 zkcnehz zkjhe pfylv jkhcnnhp bfc{fihiehc hjhc{hlocghzhc ikjhcn bveh#

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" Wkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn bfbklkek ifyhz lhczhk zkcnehz {hcn ifyhzvyhc, hyzkc{h wfzkhplhczhk zkcnehz bfbklkek ifyhz {hcn zkjhe lfikd jhyk 860& jhyk ifyhz lhczhk zkcnehz jkhzhwc{h hzhv jk ih~hdc{h# Ifyhz hzhp hzhv yvbhd hzhp zkjhe pfylv bfbfcvdkefzfczvhc kck#

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:#7 Jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy ihcnvchc jhc pfbifihchc nfbph cobkchl:#7#8 Mhezoy jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn hjhlhd yhwko hczhyh wkbphcnhc bhewkbvbwzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh whhz bfcghphk eocjkwk jk hbihcn

efyvczvdhc b jhc wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh whhz zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc pfyzhbh {,{hkzv 1


20/69

WCK"8>9="9009

8: jhyk =7

b{

b0,8 2 $9+

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:#7#9 Hphiklh ] f hjhlhd pfbifihchc bhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcnjhphz jkwfyhp olfd wzyvezvy nfjvcn flhwzke pfcvd jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc jhc] { hjhlhd pfbifihchc {hcn bfc{fihiehc pflflfdhc pfyzhbh jk jhlhb wzyvezvy nfjvcn,bheh jfcnhc hwvbwk ihd~h wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhezhkl jhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn flhwzke pfcvdhekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch bfcvcaveehc wkbphcnhc bhewkbvb b {hcn whbhjhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc, bheh ifylhev dvivcnhc wfihnhk ifykevz 1

2 f

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=,8m 8 2 $6+

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21/69

WCK"8>9="9009

86 jhyk =7

Zhifl 9 Phyhbfzfy jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn

Zhyhm ekcfyah wzyvezvynfjvcn

Ypfyw#$ =+

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Jhezhkl phywkhl

6,0 4,0

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:#7#6 Hphiklh jhlhb hyhd pfbifihchc nfbph hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch wkwzfbwzyvezvy nfjvcn zfyjkyk jhyk ififyhph afckw wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn ifyifjh, mhezoyyfjvewk nfbph yfpyfwfczhzkm jhyk wzyvezvy nfjvcn kzv vczve hyhd pfbifihchc nfbphzfywfivz, jhphz jkdkzvcn wfihnhk cklhk yhzh"yhzh ifyioioz jfcnhc nh{h nfwfy jhwhy {hcnjkpkevl olfd bhwkcn"bhwkcn afckw wviwkwzfb wfihnhk ifwhyhc pfbioiozc{h bfcvyvzpfywhbhhc 1

ww

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jk bhch Y w hjhlhd cklhk mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph bhwkcn"bhwkcn afckw wviwkwzfb wzyvezvynfjvcn jhc ] w hjhlhd nh{h nfwfy jhwhy {hcn jkpkevl olfd bhwkcn"bhwkcn afckw wviwkwzfbwzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz, jfcnhc pfcavblhdhc bflkpvzk wflvyvd afckw wviwkwzfb wzyvezvynfjvcn {hcn hjh# Bfzojh kck dhc{h iolfd jkphehk, hphiklh yhwko hczhyh cklhk"cklhk mhezoyyfjvewk nfbph jhyk afckw"afckw wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn hjh zkjhe lfikd jhyk 8,6#

:#7#= Vczve afckw wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn zkjhe zfyghczvb jhlhb Zhifl 7, cklhkmhezoy jhezklkzhwc{h jhc mhezoy yfjvewk nfbphc{h dhyvw jkzfczvehc jfcnhc ghyh"ghyhyhwkochl, bkwhlc{h jfcnhc bfcfczvehcc{h jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw ifihc joyocn wzhzke $ wzhzkgpvwd"o}fy hchl{wkw+#


22/69

WCK"8>9="9009

8= jhyk =7

Zhifl 7 Mhezoy jhezklkzhw bhewkbvb, mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph bhewkbvb, mhezoyzhdhchc lfikd wzyvezvy jhc mhezoy zhdhchc lfikd zozhl ififyhph afckw wkwzfbjhc wviwkwzfb wzyvezvy nfjvcn

Wkwzfb jhc wviwkwzfb wzyvezvynfjvcn

Vyhkhc wkwzfb pfbkevl ifihc nfbph b YbPfyw# $=+

m Pfyw# $7;+

8# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn 9,> :,6 9,49# Jkcjkcn pfcvbpv jfcnhc yhcneh ihah ykcnhc jhc

iyfwkcn zhyke 8,4 9,4 9,9

7# Yhcneh iyfwkcn jk bhch iyfwkcnc{h bfbkevl ifihcnyh}kzhwk

h#Ihah 9,4 :,: 9,9

8# Wkwzfb jkcjkcn pfcvbpv$Wkwzfb wzyvezvy {hcn zkjhe bfbklkek yhcneh yvhcn pfbkevlifihc nyh}kzhwk wfghyh lfcnehp#Jkcjkcn pfcvbpv hzhv wkwzfbiyfwkcn bfbkevl dhbpky wfbvhifihc nyh}kzhwk# Ifihc lhzfyhljkpkevl jkcjkcn nfwfy hzhv yhcnehiyfwkcn+#

i#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn $zkjhe vczve ^klh{hd 6 - =+ 8,4 9,4 9,9

8# Yhcneh iyfwkcn fewfczykw ihah $YIF+ :,7 >,0 9,49# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn 7,7 6,6 9,4

7# Yhcneh iyfwkcn ikhwhh#Ihah 7,= 6,= 9,9i#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn $zkjhe vczve ^klh{hd 6 - =+ 7,= 6,= 9,9

:# Yhcneh iyfwkcn eocwfczyke edvwvwh#Ihah :,8 =,: 9,9

6# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ifyhcnehk jhezhkl :,0 =,6 9,4=# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ehczklf}fy jhezhkl

pfcvd7,= =,0 9,4

9# Wkwzfb yhcneh nfjvcn$Wkwzfb wzyvezvy {hcn phjh jhwhyc{h

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nfwfy hzhv yhcneh iyfwkcn+#

># Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ehczklf}fy jhezhklphywkhl

7,7 6,6 9,4

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9# Yhcneh pfbkevl bobfc bfcfcnhd ifzoc $WYPBB+ 7,7 6,6 9,47# Yhcneh pfbkevl bobfc ikhwh $WYPBI+

h#Ihah 9,> :,6 9,4i#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn 9,8 7,6 9,4

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Ifihc lhzfyhl jkpkevl yhcnehpfbkevl bobfc zfyvzhbh bflhlvkbfehckwbf lfczvy+

:# Yhcneh ihzhcn ihah pfbkevl bobfc edvwvw$WYIPBE+

:,0 =,6 9,4

8# Jkcjkcn nfwfyh#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn jfcnhc WYPBE ifzoc ifyzvlhcn 6,9 4,6 9,4i#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn jfcnhc WYPBI ihah 9,= :,9 9,4g# Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn jfcnhc WYPBB ifzoc ifyzvlhcn :,0 =,6 9,4

9# YIF ihahh#Jfcnhc WYPBE ihah 6,9 4,6 9,4i#Jfcnhc WYPBI ihah 9,= :,9 9,4

7# Yhcneh iyfwkcn ikhwhh#Ihah jfcnhc WYPBE ihah :,0 =,6 9,4i#Ihah jfcnhc WYPBI ihah 9,= :,9 9,4g#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn jfcnhc WYPBE ifzoc ifyzvlhcn

$zkjhe vczve ^klh{hd 6 - =+:,0 =,6 9,4

j#Ifzoc ifyzvlhcn jfcnhc WYPBB ifzoc ifyzvlhcn$zkjhe vczve ^klh{hd 6 - =+

9,= :,9 9,4

:# Yhcneh iyfwkcn eocwfczyke edvwvwh#Ihah jfcnhc WYPBE ihah :,= >,6 9,4

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pyhzfehc $ifynhczvcn phjh kcjfew ihah zozhl+7,7 6,6 9,4

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:# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ifyhcnehk jhezhklpfcvd#

:,0 =,6 9,4


23/69

WCK"8>9="9009

8> jhyk =7

Wkwzfb jhc wviwkwzfb wzyvezvynfjvcn

Vyhkhc wkwzfb pfbkevl ifihc nfbph b YbPfyw# $=+

m Pfyw# $7;+

6# Jkcjkcn nfwfy ifzoc ifyzvlhcn ehczklf}fy jhezhklphywkhl

7,7 6,6 9,4

:#: Pfyfcghchhc ifihc jhc evhz zfymhezoy:#:#8 Jfcnhc bfc{hzhehc efevhzhc vlzkbkz wvhzv wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc pfbifihchcvlzkbkz phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn kzv ifyzvyvz"zvyvz wfihnhk 1

cv YY 2 $4+

cv XX 2 $;+

jk bhch hjhlhd mhezoy yfjvewk efevhzhc, Y c hjhlhd efevhzhc cobkchl wzyvezvy nfjvcn, hjhlhd mhezoy ifihc jhc X c hjhlhd pfbifihchc cobkchl phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz,

bheh bfcvyvz Pfyfcghchhc Ifihc jhc Evhz Zfymhezoy dhyvw jkpfcvdk pfyw{hyhzhc efhjhhcihzhw vlzkbkz wfihnhk ifykevz 1

vv XY $80+

:#:#9 Jfcnhc bfc{hzhehc ifihc bhzk cobkchl wfihnhk J c , ifihc dkjvp cobkchlwfihnhk Lc jhc ifihc nfbph cobkchl wfihnhk F c , bheh Pfyfcghchhc Ifihc jhc EvhzZfymhezoy dhyvw jklhevehc jfcnhc bfckcahv pfbifihchc vlzkbkz phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcnwfihnhk ifykevz1

" vczve eobikchwk pfbifihchc olfd ifihc bhzk jhc ifihc dkjvp 1

cLcJv LJX %2 $88+

" vczve eobikchwk pfbifihchc olfd ifihc bhzk, ifihc dkjvp jhc ifihc nfbph 1

cFcLcJv FLJX %%2 $89+

jk bhch J , L jhc F hjhlhd mhezoy"mhezoy ifihc vczve ifihc bhzk cobkchl, ifihc dkjvpcobkchl jhc ifihc nfbph cobkchl, {hcn cklhk"cklhkc{h jkzfzhpehc jhlhb wzhcjhypfbifihchc wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc/hzhv jhlhb wzhcjhy ifzoc hzhv wzhcjhy ihah {hcn ifylhev#

:#:#7 Ifihc bhzk cobkchl jhc ifihc dkjvp cobkchl {hcn jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl :#:#9,hjhlhd ifihc"ifihc {hcn cklhkc{h hjhlhd wfjfbkekhc yvph, wfdkcnnh pyoihiklkzhw hjhc{hifihc"ifihc {hcn lfikd ifwhy jhyk kzv jhlhb evyvc ~hezv vbvy nfjvcn zfyihzhw whbphkwvhzv pfywfczhwf zfyzfczv# Chbvc jfbkekhc, ifihc bhzk yfcghch jhc ifihc dkjvp yfcghch{hcn jkzfzhpehc jhlhb wzhcjhy pfbifihchc wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jhphz jkhcnnhp wfihnhkifihc"ifihc cobkchl#

:#6 Pfyfcghchhc ehphwkzhwWzyvezvy nfjvcn dhyvw bfbfcvdk pfyw{hyhzhc eolob evhz ihloe lfbhd, hyzkc{h efzkehwzyvezvy nfjvcn bfbkevl pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, wfcjk"wfcjk plhwzkw jk jhlhb wzyvezvynfjvcn zfywfivz dhc{h iolfd zfyahjk phjh vavcn"vavcn ihloe jhc phjh ehek eolob jhc ehekjkcjkcn nfwfy whah# Kbplfbfczhwk pfyw{hyhzhc kck jk jhlhb pfyfcghchhc wzyvezvy ifzoc jhcwzyvezvy ihah jkzfzhpehc jhlhb wzhcjhy ifzoc jhc wzhcjhy ihah {hcn ifylhev#


24/69

WCK"8>9="9009

84 jhyk =7

:#= Afckw zhchd jhc pfyhbihzhc nflobihcn nfbph:#=#8 Efgvhlk iklh lhpkwhc zhchd jk hzhw ihzvhc jhwhy bfbfcvdk w{hyhz"w{hyhz {hcnjkzfzhpehc jhlhb Phwhl :#=#7, pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch jk bveh zhchd dhyvw jkzfczvehcjhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw pfyhbihzhc nflobihcn nfbph jhyk efjhlhbhc ihzvhc jhwhy ef bveh

zhchd jfcnhc bfcnnvchehc nfyhehc nfbph bhwvehc jfcnhc pfygfphzhc pvcghe vczve ihzvhc jhwhy bfcvyvz Zhifl 6# Hewflfyonyhb nfbph bhwvehc {hcn jkzkcahv jhlhb hchlkwkwkck, dhyvw jkhbikl jhyk yfehbhc nfyhehc zhchd hekihz nfbph {hcn jkjhphz jk wvhzv loehwk{hcn bkykp eocjkwk nfolonk, zoponyhmk jhc wfkwbozfezockec{h jfcnhc loehwk zfbphz wzyvezvynfjvcn {hcn jkzkcahv ifyhjh# Vczve bfcnvyhcnk efzkjhe"phwzkhc bfcnfchk eocjkwk loehwkkck, phlkcn wfjkekz dhyvw jkzkcahv : ivhd hewflfyonyhb jhyk : nfbph {hcn ifyifjh, whlhdwhzvc{h dhyvw jkhbikl Nfbph Fl Gfczyo C"W {hcn zflhd jkyfehb phjh zhcnnhl 86 Bfk 8;:0jk Ghlkmoyckh#

:#=#9 Ihzvhc jhwhy hjhlhd lhpkwhc ihzvhc jk ih~hd bveh zhchd {hcn bfbklkek cklhkdhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy C phlkcn yfcjhd =0 jhc zkjhe hjh lhpkwhc ihzvhc lhkc jkih~hdc{h {hcn bfbklkek cklhk dhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy {hcn evyhcn jhyk kzv, hzhv {hcnbfbklkek efgfphzhc yhbihz nflobihcn nfwfy } w {hcn bfcghphk >60 b/jfzke jhc zkjhe hjhlhpkwhc ihzvhc lhkc jk ih~hdc{h {hcn bfbklkek cklhk efgfphzhc yhbihz nflobihcn nfwfy{hcn evyhcn jhyk kzv#

:#=#7 Afckw zhchd jkzfzhpehc wfihnhk Zhchd Efyhw, Zhchd Wfjhcn jhc Zhchd Lvche,hphiklh vczve lhpkwhc wfzfihl bhewkbvb 70 b phlkcn hzhw jkpfcvdk w{hyhz"w{hyhz {hcnzfyghczvb jhlhb Zhifl :#

Zhifl : Afckw"afckw zhchd

Afckw zhchdEfgfphzhc yhbihznflobihcn nfwfy

yhzh"yhzh, w} $b/jfz+

Cklhk dhwkl ZfwzPfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy yhzh"

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C

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vW $ePh+

Zhchd Efyhw w} 3 760 C 3 60 vW 3 800

Zhchd Wfjhcn 8>6 < w} < 760 86 < C < 60 60 < vW < 800

w} < 8>6 C < 86 vW < 60

Zhchd Lvche hzhv, wfzkhp pyomkl jfcnhc zhchd lvche {hcn zfihl zozhl lfikd jhyk 7 bjfcnhc PK 3 90, ~ c 3 :0 & jhc W v < 96 ePh

Zhchd Edvwvw Jkpfylvehc f}hlvhwk edvwvw jk wfzkhp loehwk

Jhlhb Zhifl : w} , C jhc vW hjhlhd cklhk yhzh"yhzh ifyioioz ifwhyhc kzv jfcnhc zfihllhpkwhc zhchd wfihnhk ifwhyhc pfbioiozc{h {hcn dhyvw jkdkzvcn bfcvyvz pfywhbhhc"pfywhbhhc wfihnhk ifykevz 1

wk}/

b

8k kz

b

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w}

2

22 $87+


25/69

WCK"8>9="9009

8; jhyk =7

kC/ b

8kkz

b

8kkz

C

2

22 $8:+

vkW/ b

8kkz

b

8kkz

vW

2

22 $86+

jk bhch z k hjhlhd zfihl lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k, } wkhjhlhd efgfphzhc yhbihz nflobihcn nfwfybflhlvk lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k, C k cklhk dhwkl Zfwz Pfcfzyhwk Wzhcjhy lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k, Wvk hjhlhd evhz nfwfy ckyhlky lhpkwhc zhchd ef"k jhc b hjhlhd avblhd lhpkwhc zhchd {hcn hjh jkhzhw ihzvhc jhwhy# Wflhcavzc{h, jhlhb Zhifl : PK hjhlhd Kcjfew Plhwzkwkzhw zhchd lfbpvcn,~ c hjhlhd ehjhy hky hlhbk zhchd jhc W v hjhlhd evhz nfwfy ckyhlky lhpkwhc zhchd {hcnjkzkcahv#

:#:#: [hcn jkbhewvj jfcnhc afckw Zhchd Edvwvw jhlhb Zhifl : hjhlhd afckw zhchd{hcn zkjhe bfbfcvdk w{hyhzw{hyhz {hcn zfyghczvb jhlhb zhifl zfywfivz# Jk whbpkcn kzv,{hcn zfybhwve jhlhb afckw Zhchd Edvwvw hjhlhd avnh zhchd {hcn bfbklkek pozfcwklkevkmhewk {hcn zkcnnk, lfbpvcn whcnhz pfeh, phwky {hcn zfywfbfczhwk yfcjhd {hcn yhpvd,zhchd nhbivz, zhchd jfcnhc ehcjvcnhc ihdhc oynhcke {hcn zkcnnk jfcnhc efzfihlhc lfikdjhyk 7 b, lfbpvcn whcnhz lvche jfcnhc PK lfikd jhyk >6 jhc efzfihlhc lfikd jhyk 80 b,lhpkwhc lfbpvcn jfcnhc 96 ePh < W v < 60 ePh jhc efzfihlhc lfikd jhyk 70 b# Vczve afckw

Zhchd Edvwvw pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd dhyvw jkzfczvehc jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkwpfyhbihzhc nflobihcn nfbph bfcvyvz Phwhl :#=#8#

:#> ^klh{hd nfbph jhc wpfezyvb yfwpocw:#>#8 Kcjocfwkh jkzfzhpehc zfyihnk jhlhb = ^klh{hd Nfbph wfpfyzk jkzvcaveehc jhlhbNhbihy 8, jk bhch ^klh{hd Nfbph 8 hjhlhd ~klh{hd jfcnhc efnfbphhc phlkcn yfcjhdjhc ^klh{hd Nfbph = jfcnhc efnfbphhc phlkcn zkcnnk# Pfbihnkhc ^klh{hd Nfbph kck,jkjhwhyehc hzhw pfygfphzhc pvcghe ihzvhc jhwhy hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch jfcnhcpfykojh vlhcn 600 zhdvc, {hcn cklhk yhzh"yhzhc{h vczve wfzkhp ^klh{hd Nfbph jkzfzhpehcjhlhb Nhbihy 8 jhc Zhifl 6#

:#>#9 Hphiklh pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd H o zkjhe jkjhphz jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkwpfyhbihzhc nflobihcn wfpfyzk jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl :#=#8, pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchdzfywfivz vczve bhwkcn"bhwkcn ^klh{hd Nfbph jhc vczve bhwkcn"bhwkcn afckw zhchdjkzfzhpehc jhlhb Zhifl 6#

Zhifl 6 Pfygfphzhc pvcghe ihzvhc jhwhy jhc pfygfphzhc pvcghe bvehzhchd vczve bhwkcn"bhwkcn ^klh{hd Nfbph Kcjocfwkh#

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jhwhy$n+ Zhchd Efyhw Zhchd Wfjhcn Zhchd Lvche Zhchd Edvwvw

8

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26/69

WCK"8>9="9009

90 jhyk =7

Pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd H o $n+^klh{hdNfbph

Pfygfphzhcpvcghe ihzvhc

jhwhy$n+ Zhchd Efyhw Zhchd Wfjhcn Zhchd Lvche Zhchd Edvwvw

7

:

6

=

0,86

0,90

0,96

0,70

0,84

0,9:

0,94

0,77

0,97

0,94

0,79

0,7=

0,70

0,7:

0,7=

0,74

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:#>#: Vczve bfcfczvehc pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn, {hkzv ifyvphifihc nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc phjh wzyvezvy ifyhzvyhc bfcvyvz Phwhl =#8#9,nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wfihnhk yfwpocw jkchbke yhnhb pfyzhbh phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcnzkjhe ifyhzvyhc bfcvyvz Phwhl >#8#7 jhc nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wfihnhk yfwpocw jkchbke wflvyvd yhnhb {hcn ifyphyzkwkphwk phjh wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc bfcvyvz Phwhl>#9#8, vczve bhwkcn"bhwkcn ^klh{hd Nfbph jkzfzhpehc Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw NfbphYfcghch G"Z wfpfyzk jkzvcaveehc jhlhb Nhbihy 9# Jhlhb nhbihy zfywfivz G hjhlhdMhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph jkc{hzhehc jhlhb pfygfphzhc nyh}kzhwk jhc Z hjhlhd ~hezvnfzhy hlhbk wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkc{hzhehc jhlhb jfzke# Vczve Z 2 0 cklhk G zfywfivz bfcahjkwhbh jfcnhc H o, jk bhch H o bfyvphehc pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd bfcvyvz Zhifl 6#


27/69

98 jhyk =7

8= o

8: o

89 o

80 o

4 o

= o

: o

9 o

0 o

9 o

: o

= o

4 o

80 o

;: o ;= o ;4 o 800 o 809 o 80: o 80= o 804 o 880 o 889 o 88: o 88= o 884 o 890 o 899 o 89: o 89= o 894 o

;: o ;= o ;4 o 800 o 809 o 80: o 80= o 804 o 880 o 889 o 88: o 88= o 884 o 890 o 899 o 89: o 89= o 894 o

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28/69

WCK"8>9="9009

98 jhyk =7

:#>#6 Bfcnkcnhz phjh ekwhyhc ~hezv nfzhy hlhbk pfcjfe 0 < Z < 0,9 jfzke zfyjhphzefzkjhe"phwzkhc, ihke jhlhb ehyhezfykwzke nfyhehc zhchd bhvpvc jhlhb zkcnehz jhezklkzhwwzyvezvyc{h, Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph G bfcvyvz Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw Nfbph Yfcghch {hcn

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29/69

WCK"8>9="9009

99 jhyk =7

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30/69

WCK"8>9="9009

97 jhyk =7

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31/69

WCK"8>9="9009

9: jhyk =7

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32/69

WCK"8>9="9009

96 jhyk =7

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33/69

WCK"8>9="9009

9= jhyk =7

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34/69

WCK"8>9="9009

9> jhyk =7

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35/69

WCK"8>9="9009

94 jhyk =7

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2 $9;+

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nfbph jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"t, wfjhcnehc Y { jhc o{] hjhlhd mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph jhc nh{hnfwfy jhwhy vczve pfbifihchc nfbph jhlhb hyhd wvbiv"{# Bfzojh kck dhc{h iolfdjkphehk, hphiklh yhwko hczhyh cklhk"cklhk mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph vczve 9 hyhd pfbifihchcnfbph zfywfivz zkjhe lfikd jhyk 8,6#

>#8#7 Cklhk hedky yfwpocw jkchbke wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfydhjhp pfbifihchc nfbph


36/69

WCK"8>9="9009

9; jhyk =7

cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch jhlhb wvhzv hyhd zfyzfczv, zkjhe iolfd jkhbiklevyhcn jhyk 40& cklhk yfwpocw yhnhb {hcn pfyzhbh# Iklh yfwpocw jkchbke wzyvezvy nfjvcnjkc{hzhehc jhlhb nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl ], bheh pfyw{hyhzhc zfywfivz jhphz jkc{hzhehcbfcvyvz pfywhbhhc ifykevz 1

] 3 0,4 ] 8 $70+

jk bhch ] 8 hjhlhd nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wfihnhk yfwpocw yhnhb {hcn pfyzhbh zfydhjhppfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch bfcvyvz pfywhbhhc 1

z^YKG] 88 2 $78+

jfcnhc G 8 hjhlhd cklhk Mhezoy Yfwpocw Nfbph {hcn jkjhphz jhyk Wpfezyvb YfwpocwNfbph Yfcghch bfcvyvz Nhbihy 9 vczve ~hezv nfzhy hlhbk pfyzhbh Z 8, K hjhlhd MhezoyEfvzhbhhc bfcvyvz Zhifl 8 jhc Y hjhlhd mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph yfpyfwfczhzkm jhyk wzyvezvy

nfjvcn {hcn ifywhcnevzhc, wfjhcnehc ^ z hjhlhd ifyhz zozhl nfjvcn, zfybhwve ifihcdkjvp {hcn wfwvhk#

>#9 Hchlkwkw yhnhb wpfezyvb yfwpocw>#9#8 Pfydkzvcnhc yfwpocw jkchbke wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc zfydhjhppfbifihchc nfbph cobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, jhphz jklhevehc jfcnhcbfzojh hchlkwkw yhnhb wpfezyvb yfwpocw jfcnhc bfbhehk Wpfezyvb Yfwpocw NfbphYfcghch bfcvyvz Nhbihy 9 {hcn cklhk oyjkchzc{h jkehlkehc mhezoy eoyfewk K/Y, jk bhch Khjhlhd Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc bfcvyvz Zhifl 8, wfjhcnehc Y hjhlhd mhezoy yfjvewk nfbphyfpyfwfczhzkm jhyk wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn ifywhcnevzhc# Jhlhb dhl kck, avblhd yhnhb }kiyhwk

{hcn jkzkcahv jhlhb pfcavblhdhc yfwpocw yhnhb bfcvyvz bfzojh kck dhyvw wfjfbkekhcyvph, wfdkcnnh phyzkwkphwk bhwwh jhlhb bfcndhwklehc yfwpocw zozhl dhyvw bfcghphkwfevyhcn"evyhcnc{h ;0

>#9#9 Pfcavblhdhc yfwpocw yhnhb {hcn jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl >#9#8 vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcnzkjhe ifyhzvyhc {hcn bfbklkek ~hezv"~hezv nfzhy hlhbk {hcn ifyjfehzhc, dhyvw jklhevehcjfcnhc bfzojh {hcn jkefchl jfcnhc Eobikchwk Evhjyhzke Lfcnehp $Gobplfzf XvhjyhzkgGobikchzkoc hzhv GXG+# ^hezv nfzhy hlhbk dhyvw jkhcnnhp ifyjfehzhc, hphiklh wflkwkdcklhkc{h evyhcn jhyk 86 Vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc {hcn bfbklkek ~hezvnfzhy hlhbk {hcn ifyahvdhc, pfcavblhdhc yfwpocw yhnhb zfywfivz jhphz jklhevehc jfcnhcbfzojh {hcn jkefchl jfcnhc Hehy Avblhd Evhjyhz $Wxvhyf Yooz om zdf Wvb om Wxvhyfw

hzhv WYWW+#

>#9#7 Vczve bfbfcvdk pfyw{hyhzhc bfcvyvz Phwhl >#8#7, bheh nh{h nfwfy zkcnehzcobkchl hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch wfphcahcn zkcnnk wzyvezvy nfjvcn dhwkl hchlkwkwyhnhb wpfezyvb yfwpocw jhlhb wvhzv hyhd zfyzfczv, dhyvw jkehlkehc cklhkc{h jfcnhc wvhzvMhezoy Wehlh 1

8]

]40WehlhMhezoy

z

8 2 , $79+

jk bhch ] 8 hjhlhd nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl wfihnhk yfwpocw jkchbke yhnhb {hcn pfyzhbhwhah jhc ] z hjhlhd nh{h nfwfy jhwhy cobkchl {hcn jkjhphz jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw yhnhbwpfezyvb yfwpocw {hcn zflhd jklhevehc#


37/69

WCK"8>9="9009

70 jhyk =7

>#9#: Iklh jkkcnkcehc, jhyk jkhnyhb hzhv evy}h nh{h nfwfy zkcnehz cobkchl hekihzpfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch wfphcahcn zkcnnk wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn zflhd jkwfwvhkehccklhkc{h bfcvyvz Phwhl >#9#7 jhphz jkzfczvehc ifihc"ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc {hcn ifywhcnevzhc $wflkwkd nh{h nfwfy zkcnehz jhyk 9 zkcnehz ifyzvyvz"zvyvz+, {hcn

iklh pfylv jkhnyhb hzhv evy}hc{h jkbojkmkehwk zfylfikd jvlv wfghyh eocwfy}hzkm vczve bfcjhphzehc pfbihnkhc ifihc"ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc {hcn lfikd ihke wfphcahcn zkcnnk wzyvezvy nfjvcn# Ifihc"ifihc nfbph cobkchl wzhzke fevk}hlfc kckefbvjkhc jhphz jkphehk jhlhb wvhzv hchlkwkw wzhzke fevk}hlfc 7 jkbfcwk ikhwh#

>#7 Hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke yk~h{hz ~hezv>#7#8 Iklh jkkcnkcehc, pfydkzvcnhc yfwpocw jkchbke wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhczfydhjhp pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, jhphz jklhevehc jfcnhc bfzojh hchlkwkw jkchbke 7jkbfcwk ifyvph hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke lkckfy jhc coc"lkckfy yk~h{hz ~hezv jfcnhc wvhzvhewflfyonyhb nfbph {hcn jkhcnehehc wfihnhk nfyhehc zhchd bhwvehc#

>#7#9 Vczve pfyfcghchhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn bflhlvk hchlkwkw jkchbke lkckfy yk~h{hz ~hezvzfydhjhp pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch phjh zhyhm pfbifihchc nfbph cobkchl, pfygfphzhcbveh zhchd hwlk jhyk nfbph bhwvehc dhyvw jkwehlhehc ef zhyhm pfbifihchc nfbphcobkchl zfywfivz, wfdkcnnh cklhk pfygfphzhc pvcghec{h H bfcahjk 1

YKH

H o2 $77+

jk bhch H o hjhlhd pfygfphzhc pvcghe bveh zhchd bfcvyvz Zhifl 6, Y hjhlhd mhezoyyfjvewk nfbph yfpyfwfczhzkm jhyk wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn ifywhcnevzhc, wfjhcnehc K hjhlhdMhezoy Efvzhbhhc bfcvyvz Zhifl 8# Wflhcavzc{h dhyvw jkpfcvdk avnh pfyw{hyhzhc bfcvyvz

Phwhl >#8#7 jhc vczve kzv Mhezoy Wehlh {hcn jkphehk hjhlhd whbh wfpfyzk {hcn jkzfczvehcjhlhb Phwhl >#9#7, dhc{h ] z jk wkck bfyvphehc nh{h nfwfy jhwhy bhewkbvb {hcn zfyahjk jkzkcnehz jhwhy {hcn jkjhphz jhyk dhwkl hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke yk~h{hz ~hezv {hcn zflhdjklhevehc# Jhlhb hchlkwkw kck yfjhbhc wzyvezvy {hcn dhyvw jkpfydkzvcnehc jhphz jkhcnnhp6& jhyk yfjhbhc eykzkw#

>#7#7 Vczve bfcnehak pfyklhev phwgh"flhwzke wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfydhjhp pfcnhyvd NfbphYfcghch, dhyvw jklhevehc hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke coc"lkckfy yk~h{hz ~hezv, jk bhchpfygfphzhc bveh zhchd hwlk jhyk nfbph bhwvehc dhyvw jkwehlhehc, wfdkcnnh cklhkpfygfphzhc pvcghec{h bfcahjk whbh jfcnhc H o K, jk bhch H o hjhlhd pfygfphzhc pvcghe

bveh zhchd bfcvyvz Zhifl 6 jhc K hjhlhd Mhezoy Efvzhbhhc bfcvyvz Zhifl 8#>#7#: Hewflfyonyhb nfbph bhwvehc {hcn jkzkcahv jhlhb hchlkwkw yfwpocw jkchbke lkckfyjhc coc"lkckfy yk~h{hz ~hezv, dhyvw jkhbikl jhyk yfehbhc nfyhehc zhchd hekihz nfbph{hcn jkjhphz jk wvhzv loehwk {hcn bkykp eocjkwk nfolonk, zoponyhmk jhc wfkwbozfezockec{hjfcnhc loehwk zfbphz wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn jkzkcahv ifyhjh# Vczve bfcnvyhcnk efzkjhe"phwzkhc bfcnfchk eocjkwk loehwk kck, phlkcn wfjkekz dhyvw jkzkcahv : ivhd hewflfyonyhb jhyk: nfbph {hcn ifyifjh, whlhd whzvc{h dhyvw jkhbikl hewflfyonyhb Nfbph Fl Gfczyo C"W{hcn zflhd jkyfehb phjh zhcnnhl 86 Bfk 8;:0 jk Ghlkmoyckh#

>#7#6 Ifydvivcn nfyhehc zhchd hekihz nfbph phjh wvhzv loehwk zkjhe bvcnekc jhphz

jkpfyekyhehc jfcnhc zfphz, bheh wfihnhk nfbph bhwvehc jhphz avnh jkphehk nfyhehc zhchd{hcn jkwkbvlhwkehc# Phyhbfzfy"phyhbfzfy {hcn bfcfczvehc nfyhehc zhchd {hcnjkwkbvlhwkehc kck hczhyh lhkc zfyjkyk jhyk ~hezv nfzhy pyfjobkchc zhchd, eocmknvyhwk


38/69

WCK"8>9="9009

78 jhyk =7

wpfezyvb yfwpocw, ahcneh ~hezv nfyhehc jhc kczfcwkzhw nfbphc{h#

4 Ekcfyah Wzyvezvy Nfjvcn4#8 Ekcfyah Ihzhw Lh{hc4#8#8 Ekcfyah ihzhw lh{hc wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkzfczvehc olfd wkbphcnhc hczhy"zkcnehz hekihzpfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, {hkzv vczve bfbihzhwk zfyahjkc{h pflflfdhc ihah jhc pfyfzhehcifzoc {hcn ifylfikdhc, jk whbpkcn vczve bfcgfnhd efyvwhehc coc"wzyvezvy jhcefzkjhec{hbhchc pfcndvck# Wkbphcnhc hczhy"zkcnehz kck dhyvw jkdkzvcn jhyk wkbphcnhcwzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Cobkchl {hcn zflhd jkihnk Mhezoy Wehlh#

4#8#9 Vczve bfbfcvdk pfyw{hyhzhc ekcfyah ihzhw lh{hc wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jhlhb wfnhlhdhl wkbphcnhc hczhy"zkcnehz {hcn jkdkzvcn jhyk wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn bfcvyvz Phwhl

4#8#8 zkjhe iolfd bflhbphvkY

0,07ehlk zkcnnk zkcnehz {hcn ifywhcnevzhc hzhv 70 bb,

ifynhczvcn {hcn bhch {hcn cklhkc{h zfyefgkl#

4#9 Ekcfyah ihzhw vlzkbkz4#9#8 Ekcfyah ihzhw vlzkbkz wzyvezvy nfjvcn jkzfczvehc olfd wkbphcnhc jhc wkbphcnhchczhy"zkcnehz bhewkbvb wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch jhlhb eocjkwkwzyvezvy nfjvcn jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc, {hkzv vczve bfbihzhwk efbvcnekchc zfyahjkc{hefyvczvdhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn jhphz bfckbivlehc eoyihc ak~h bhcvwkh jhc vczve bfcgfnhd ifczvyhc ifyihdh{h hczhy"nfjvcn hzhv hczhy ihnkhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcnjkpkwhd jfcnhc wflh pfbkwhd $wflh jflhzhwk+# Wfwvhk Phwhl :#7#7 wkbphcnhc jhc wkbphcnhchczhy"zkcnehz kck dhyvw jkdkzvcn jhyk wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn hekihz pfbifihchc nfbphcobkchl, jkehlkehc jfcnhc wvhzv mhezoy pfcnhlk wfihnhk ifykevz 1

" vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcn ifyhzvyhc 1

2 0,> Y $7:+

" vczve wzyvezvy nfjvcn zkjhe ifyhzvyhc 1

WehlhMhezoyY>,02 $76+

jk bhch Y hjhlhd mhezoy yfjvewk nfbph wzyvezvy nfjvcn zfywfivz jhc Mhezoy Wehlh hjhlhdwfpfyzk {hcn jkzfzhpehc jhlhb Phwhl >#9#7#

4#9#9 Vczve bfbfcvdk pfyw{hyhzhc ekcfyah ihzhw vlzkbkz wzyvezvy nfjvcn, jhlhb wfnhlhdhl wkbphcnhc hczhy"zkcnehz {hcn jkdkzvcn jhyk wkbphcnhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn bfcvyvz Phwhl4#9#8 zkjhe iolfd bflhbphvk 0,09 ehlk zkcnnk zkcnehz {hcn ifywhcnevzhc#

4#9#7 Ahyhe pfbkwhd hczhy"nfjvcn dhyvw jkzfczvehc phlkcn wfjkekz whbh jfcnhc avblhdwkbphcnhc bhewkbvb bhwkcn"bhwkcn wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh zhyhm kzv {hcn jkdkzvcn jfcnhcghyh {hcn jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl 4#9#8# Jhlhb wfnhlh dhl bhwkcn"bhwkcn ahyhe zfywfivz zkjhe iolfd evyhcn jhyk 0,096 ehlk efzkcnnkhc zhyhm kzv jkvevy jhyk zhyhm pfcafpkzhc lhzfyhl#

4#9#: Jvh ihnkhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn zkjhe jkyfcghchehc vczve ifefyah whbh wfihnhk

whzv efwhzvhc jhlhb bfcnhzhwk pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch, dhyvw jkpkwhdehc {hcn whzvzfydhjhp {hcn lhkcc{h jfcnhc wvhzv wflh pfbkwhd $wflh jflhzhwk+ {hcn lfihyc{h phlkcnwfjkekz dhyvw whbh jfcnhc avblhd wkbphcnhc bhwkcn"bhwkcn ihnkhc wzyvezvy nfjvcn phjh


39/69

WCK"8>9="9009

79 jhyk =7

zhyhm kzv {hcn jkdkzvcn jfcnhc ghyh {hcn jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl 4#9#8# Jhlhb wfnhlh dhl lfihywflh pfbkwhd zkjhe iolfd jkzfzhpehc evyhcn jhyk >6 bb#

4#9#6 Wflh pfbkwhd {hcn jkwfivz jhlhb Phwhl 4#9#: dhyvw jkyfcghchehc jfzhklc{h jhc

jklhewhchehc wfjfbkekhc yvph, wfdkcnnh wfchczkhwh ifihw jhyk eozoyhc hzhv ifcjh"ifcjhpfcndhlhcn# Lfihy wflh pfbkwhd avnh dhyvw bfbfcvdk wfbvh zolfyhcwk pflhewhchhc#

; Pfcnhyvd nfbph phjh wzyvezvy ih~hd;#8 Pfbifihchc nfbph jhyk wzyvezvy hzhw;#8#8 Ifydvivcn wfwvhk Phwhl 6#8#6 hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch wzyvezvy ih~hdzkjhe iolfd nhnhl lfikd jvlv jhyk wzyvezvy hzhw, bheh wzyvezvy ih~hd dhyvw jhphz bfbkevlpfbifihchc nfbph bhewkbvb hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch ] b {hcn jhphz jkwfyhpolfd wzyvezvy hzhw jhlhb eocjkwk jk hbihcn efyvczvdhc bfcvyvz pfywhbhhc 1

] b 2 m 9 ] { $7=+

jk bhch ] { hjhlhd pfbifihchc nfbph hekihz pfcnhyvd Nfbph Yfcghch {hcnbfc{fihiehc pflflfdhc pfyzhbh jk jhlhb wzyvezvy nfjvcn jhc m 9 hjhlhd mhezoy evhz lfikdwzyvezvy hekihz efdkpfywzhzkehc wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn bfc{fihiehc zfyahjkc{h yfjkwzykivwknh{h"nh{h olfd pyowfw pfbifczvehc wfcjk plhwzkw {hcn zkjhe wfyfbphe ifywhbhhc# Mhezoyevhz lfikd wzyvezvy m 9 cklhkc{h ifynhczvcn phjh cklhk mhezoy jhezklkzhw wzyvezvy nfjvcn {hcn ifywhcnevzhc jhc jkzfzhpehc bfcvyvz pfywhbhhc 1

m 9 2 0,47

sni 03-1726-2002 standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa

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