sex, kuasa dan kapitalisme

7/23/2019 Sex, Kuasa Dan Kapitalisme

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]ftfs Gdxflod

Xfq " Gvdxd odl Gd}ntdbnxef

Gvdxd efe}siovgxn ]fljftdavdl

Enhadfb @ivhdivbt

Gntd evljgnl edxna nljdt gdtd%gdtd Hdenbnf ]djbnd odl Bvhf Nsnjdsd~ % ovd `fenlnx

giltsipfsxndb cdazd tvcva ~dlj onodbdel~d cfsxdsdlj xfqvdbntdx adsvx on}daden

xfcdjdn efodl }fsdlj " cvgdl isjdl ~dlj xfbdedl~d adseilnx " Kngd gfevondl cdl~dg }fsfe}vdl ~dlj cfsednl%ednl ofljdl tvcval~d odl efl`ddtgdl tvcval~d vltvg

efl~ndxdtn eiofslntdx , Xf}fstn tde}dg odbde `fliefld edkdbda ]i}vbds "Hixei}ibntdl ~dlj efbnadt tvcva zdlntd odsn tnlkdvdl xfqvdbntdx cvgdl adl~d svent "

odl kngd tnodg onbnadt efbdbvn gdhdedtd ~dlj kfslna " cvgdl tnodg evljgnl dgdl giltsd}siovgtn` , Dtdv }fsfe}vdl xfln tsdonxn ~dlj efbngvg%bnvg tvcva on dtdx }dljjvlj xdtv

adsn }flva ofen necdbdl " xfefltdsd nd xdods cdazd }si`fxnl~d xdljdt sdzdl jfe}vsdl}flhntsddl, Bdbv"d}dgda nln xfxvdtv ~dlj tfsbdsdlj 9

Ofljdl gdtd bdnl " }fsfe}vdl xfln cnxd xdkd efljjvldgdl tvcval~d djds elkdon}snedoild " dtdv xfcdbngl~d , Xnedg xdkd td~dljdl on cfcfsd}d tfbfpnxn xzdxtd efoni

Ofxfecfs 3==8 " Nlvb Odsdtnxtd }fl~dl~n ~dlj tfsgfldb ofljdl ji~dljdl ljfcisl~d

~dlj xfe}dt efecvdt }dldx cfcfsd}d xfedl xflnis " efbdnlgdl efljfldngdlovljdll~d ~dlj efljdbden gfjvjvsdl , Nlvb xfe}dt xtsfxx" ofljdl xfongnt efljfbva

nd cfsvhd} ~da " cdjdnedld tnodg xtsfxx xd~d gdl xvoda tvkva tdavl eflngda " tftd}n

xde}dn xddt nln cfbve ongdsvlnd dldg , , Dgansl~d " cfscdjdn dxven cfsevlhvbdl , Dod

~dlj efljdtdgdl cdazd Nlvb tfsbdbv bfbda gdsfld adsvx ljfcis xndlj odl edbde , _ftd}ndod ~dlj cfs}flod}dt cdazd isjdl sf}siovgxn Nlvb efljdbden }fsxidbdl dgncdt odsn dgxn

ji~dljl~d ~dlj tfsbdbv cfsbfcnadl ,

Dldbnxnx tfsvx cfsevlhvbdl tftd}n Nlvb tnodg decnb }vxnlj ofljdl xfevd ntv, Nd tnodg

}fsovbn d}dgda evxncda ~dlj eflne}dl~d xfcdjdn gvtvgdl gdsfld onhfeiia tfsbdbv

tde}nb fsitnx dtdv cvgdl , ^dlj nd tdav odl nd sdxdgdl dodbda gfjvlodadl cdazdgfjvjvsdl cfsdstn }flvloddl tfsadod} xfcvda gfnljnldl vltvg eflod}dtgdl eieiljdl

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~dlj xfbded nln onnode%nodegdl , ]fsxidbdl ji~dljdl dodbda }fsxidbdl bdnl , Xfcdjdn

}vcbng `njvsf ~dlj tnd} gdbn cfs}d}dxdl ofljdl gadbd~dg sdedn" evljgnl Nlvb xvoda

hvgv} efedaden }si`fxnl~d ~dlj eflvltvt gfxdodsdl " cdazd tvcva efsv}dgdl enbngxfevd isdlj odl cnd onlngedtn ibfa xnd}d }vl , D}d ~dlj efldsng odsn }fsfe}vdl Nlvb

dodbda" kngd xfzdgtv%zdgtv gf%dod%dl xfisdlj cvda adtn efe}fljdsvan isofsedljjvlj"

nd xnd} eflfsnedl~d cdagdl xnd} eflnljjdbgdl }si`fxn xfcdjdn }fl~dl~n ,

Bdnl adbl~d ofljdl Dlnxd Cdads " dstnx odljovt ~dlj tfsgfldb ofljdl ji~dlj }dtda%

}dtdal~d kvjd xfe}dt efevlhvbgdl giltsipfsxn , Nd ontvonlj evld`ng gdsfld tnodgefljdgvn onsnl~d ~dlj xvoda cfsxtdtvx xfcdjdn ncv , _vonljdl nln efljdsda }dod xdtv

tntng xne}vb " cdazd xtdtvx ncv evljgnl cfs}fljdsva cdjn isofsedljjvljl~d ,_fltvl~d"

}fsxidbdl ~dlj efljjfbd~vt Nlvb odl Dlnxd Cdads cvgdl vdtv gfdlfadl , Xded tnodg

dlfal~d ofljdl `fliefld ~dlj tfskdon }dod _ntn Oiljgsdg " xnofl odl }fldsn dxdbGfsdzdlj " Kdzd Cdsdt , Xfbdnl xfcdjdn }fldsn" _ntnl kvjd cfsxtdtvx ncv odsn ovd isdlj

dldg ~dlj xvoda hvgv} cfsvevs , Adl~d xdkd " xde}dn xddt nln _ntnl edxna tfsvx fgxnx on

dtdx }dljjvlj kdn}iljdl efxgn}vl }fskdbdldl vxnd tfsvx efsdecdn gfanov}dll~d

Xfcvda xtdtvx xfcdjdn ncv cvgdl eieig ~dlj efljdbden }ngnsdll~d , Nd edxna cnxdedljjvlj "}dlkfsdl edxna gfsd} nd tfsned " odl edx~dsdgdt edxna eflngedtn tdsndll~d

Evljgnl giltsvgxn ~dlj tfscdljvl efedlj cfscfod , On odfsda vscdl xf}fstn Kdgdstd

xtdtvx ondljjd} xdljdt }fltnlj gdsfld tvsvt efe}fljdsvan dgtnpntdx ~dlj bdnl , Ovlndfltfstdnltfelt ~dlj bfcna eiofsl eflvlvt gfedlonsndl " }si`fxnildbntdx " odl xfbdbv

`igvx tfsadod} }si`fxn , Xfanljjd cfsxvden odl efenbngn dldg onxnl~dbns dgdlefe}fljdsvan }si`fxnildbntdx xflnedl , _vltvtdl vltvg onxn}bnl cfsvkvlj }dod tvecva

odl gftdtl~d xfcvda giltsib ~dlj gvdt , Xfefltdsd on Gfsdzdlj " Xvcdlj " _vcdl" ]dtn "

odl Cdl~vzdljn " dtdv znbd~da bdnl ~dlj edxna gfsd} efl~vjvagdl tiltildl kdn}iljdl "td~vcdl " odl jdlosvlj , Giltsvgxn xfedhde ntv cvgdl cfsdstn gftfs}nxdadl , ]fldsn "

tdsndl " }fxdl" odl edgld " ~dlj dod on cdbng xfln ntv xflonsn efsv}dgdl cdjndl odsn

gfanov}dl edx~dsdgdt " xfanljjd xtdtvx cvgdl xdtv%xdtvl~d vgvsdl cdjn xfisdlj}fsfe}vdl xfln tsdonxn vltvg }fltdx dtdv tnodg , Evljgnl " giltsib ~dlj dod cvgdl

tfsbftdg }dod gftftd}dl xtdtvx " efbdnlgdl }dod tvltvtdl efgn}vl tnodg tfshdtdt xfhdsd

cdgv tfsgdnt ofljdl bfltvs tvcva odl bdljjde xvdsd ,

_fltvl~d cdng Nlvb Dlnxd Cdads " _ntnl Oiljgsdg " Nlosd " Vlovs%vlovs " _fev " odl

}fsfe}vdl xfln ~dlj bdnl efenbngn }fsxidbdl cfsdjde efljfldn tvcval~d , Sf}sfxfltdxn

on dtdx }dljjvlj dtdv on of}dl gdefsd dvoni pnxvdb xded%xded cfscdbvt ofljdl}fsednldl gvdxd ~dlj xdbnlj tdsn efldsng " tftd}n tftd} cfsevdsd }dod xdtv adb 7 ~dntv

tvcva }fsfe}vdl , Gvdxd nln xdljdt efedaden cftd}d tvcva }fsfe}vdl cnxd onkdongdl

ic~fg cfsi}fsdxnl~d xfgve}vbdl xnxtfe fgilien ~dlj eflkdlkngdl xfgdbnjvx tfe}dtcfsxdsdljl~d giltsib gfanov}dl , Bnadt xdkd" on edld%edld xftnd} edv cnxd efl~dgxngdl

cfsnonsl~d xdbil%xdbil gfhdltngdl " }vxdt%}vxdt gfcvjdsdl " `ntlfx " odl }si}djdlod onft

efbdbvn cvgv odl edkdbda % cvgdl adl~d efecvdt }fsfe}vdl dtdv tfsvtded tvcvaeflkdon bfcna efbdnlgdl kvjd djds bfcna evoda ongiltsib eflvsvt gf}fsbvdl eiodb odl

gfgvdxddl ,

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Lda" giltsib xnecibnx gfgvdxddl ~dlj }dod dzdb evbdl~d cfsi}fsdxn }dod znbd~da engsi

nln ! tvcva nlonpnovdb . gfevondl cfsjfxfs gf}dod znbd~da cni%}ibntng odsn tvcva

]fsjfxfsdl nln cfsgdntdl ofljdl gfcnkdgxdlddl lfjdsd on odbde efljflodbngdl tnljgdabdgv tvcva odbde sdljgd eflvlkdlj xtdcnbntdx ldxnildb , Xdsdld giltsib gf}flovovgdl

~dlj }dbnlj f`fgtn` odl xfbded nln tfsvx ongvedlodljgdl dodbda efbdbvn giltsib dbdt%dbdt

sf}siovgxn , ]dsdoigx efedlj " gdsfld tvkvdll~d cvgdl efecvdt tvcva eflkdon bfcnaxfadt , Efbdnlgdl djds gfgvdxddl ~dlj cfsgf}fltnljdl " ede}v efecdtdxn }fecndgdl

kvebda edlvxnd ~dlj cnxd efsfcvt gf}fltnljdl fgilien }ibntng odl eflf}nx ode}dg

bdnl ~dlj bfcna lfjdtn` " ~dntv xvdtv }fsdlj cfxds dgncdt gil`bng ~dlj tnodg cnxd onsfodeEvljgnl " odbde cfldg }fljvdxd xvoda tfs}dtsn xfcvda dljdl%dljdl bdnll~d cdazd

xfedgnl xfongnt kvebda }flovovg " edgd xfedgnl evoda }vbd }fljdtvsdll~d , ! Xsnltanb "

3==? ; 40 4> .

Xfqvdbntdx odl Giltsvgxn Xixndb

Xfq dodbda gfdoddl dldtienx odl cnibijnx " ~dntv kflnx gfbdenl kdltdl dtdv cftnldXfisdlj onbdansgdl ofljdl kflnx gfbdenl tfstfltv " xf}fstn nd onbdansgdl ofljdl cfltvg

edtd dtdv kflnx sdecvt tfstfltv , Xfodljgdl xfqvdbntdx eflhdgv} xfbvsva gie}bfgxntdxfeixn " }fsdxddl " gf}sncdondl " odl xngd} dtdv zdtdg xixndb " cfsgdntdl ofljdl }fsnbdgv

odl isnfltdn xfqvdb ,Dod }vbd gilxf} edxgvbnl ! gfbdgn%bdgndl . odl `fenlnl ! gfzdlntddl

dtdv gf}fsfe}vdl . ~dlj bfcna cfsxn`dt dcxtsdg odl eflvlkvg }dod xn`dt%xn`dt ~dlj

onenbngn xfevd edlvxnd " d}dgda ntv edlvxnd cfsgfbdenl kdltdl dtdv cftnld ,

Dod dxvexn cdazd xn`dt tfstfltv ondxixndxngdl ofljdl `fenlntdx " odl ~dlj bdnl ofljdl

edxgvbnlntdx , ^dlj onjibiljgdl `fenlnl enxdbl~d gf}fgddl }fsdxddl "gfxdcdsdl"gfbfecvtdl " nssdxnildbntdx " gfxftndl " xn`dt efljdbda odl bfeda " xfodlj ~dlj

edxgvbnl gfcfsdlndl " djsfxnpntdx " xn`dt oienldl " sdxnildbntdx " gftnodgxftnddl " odl

gfgvdtdl Xfevd xn`dt ntv cnxd tfsod}dt }dod xfevd edlvxnd , Bdjn}vbd " ~dlj ondljjd}edxgvbnl odbde xdtv cvod~d " xde}dn cdtdx tfstfltv cnxd ondljjd} `fenlnl odbde cvod~d

bdnl " odl xfcdbngl~d , Hnsn edxgvbnl dtdv `fenlnl ntv sfbdtn` , Ldevl dod gfhflofsvljdl

efljdxixndxngdl xn`dt `fenlnl gf}dod zdlntd " odl xn`dt edxgvbnl gf}dod bdgn%b7dgnDxixndxn nln xdljdt efecdtdxn }fsnbdgv odl }fsgfecdljdl xn nlonpnov " cdagdl ede}v

efeflkdsdgdll~d odbde xvdtv }fsdl xixndb ~dlj ontfltvgdl odsn bvds , Enxdbl~d "

xixndbnxdxn dldg }fsfe}vdl odl bdgn%bdgn oncfodgdl odl ondsdagdl }dod eiofb%eiofb

~dlj ondljjd} xfxvdn ofljdl lised gf}dltdxdl gfzdlntddl odl gfbdgn%bdgndl ]dodadb gfvtvadl odl adseiln gf}sncdondl xfisdlj efsv}dgdl }fsnecdljdl xn`dt

edxgvbnl odl `fenlnl , Xfisdlj bdgn%bdgn cnxd efljfxg}sfxngdl gfcfsdlndl " cdagdl

djsfxnpntdx " kvjd odbde cnodlj xfqvdb, Edlvxnd ~dlj vtva nlnbda ~dlj onxfcvt dlosijnl! dlosij~lf . ~dntv gilxf} Ovd odbde Xdtv ; dlosi ! edxgvbnl . odl j~lf ! `fenlnlf . ,

Jflofsodl xfqvdbntdx efe}vl~dn }fsxdeddl ; gfovdl~d efe}vl~dn cdxnx cnibijnx }dodxfq " odl gfovdl~d efsv}dgdl giltsvgxn xixndb" cfsxn`dt }ibntnx " ~dntv }fljisjdlnxdxndl

gf odbde xnxtfe gfgvdxddl " ~dlj eflovgvlj odl efljadsjdn nlonpnov odl gfjndtdl

tfstfltv " xdecnb eflfgdl odl efljavgve ~dlj bdnll~d , Dltdsd xfqvdbntdx odl jflofs

kfbdx cfsavcvljdl, Cdagdl }fsgfecdljdl xnxtfe xfqvdb efljdecnb tfe}dt odbde

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giltfgx avcvljdl jflofs , _d}n gfovdl~d cvgdl adb ~dlj xded gdsfld tfscfltvg odsn

cdxnx xixndb ~dlj cfscfod ,

]fecfoddl dltdsd jflofs odl xfqvdbntdx nln efbdzdl dsvx }fengnsdl giltfe}isfs`fenlnx ~dlj efljdljjd} xfqvdbntdx xfcdjdn tvsvldl jflofs , Gfcdl~dgdl nofibijn

`fenlnx%bfxcndl efljdldbnxd }flnlodxdl bfxcndl xfcdjdn xfcdjdn cdjndl odsn onxgsnenldxn

tfsadod} }fsfe}vdl }dod vevel~d ]dodadb bfxcndl efljdbden }flnlodxdl kvjd xfcdjdnedlvxnd aieixfqvdb7 odl dclisedb7 cfsodxdsgdl i}fsdxnildb xtsdtn`ngdxn xfqvdb " cvgdl

jflofs" xded xf}fstn aieixfq }snd"xdoiedxihanxt" cdlhn odl }fbdhvs ,

Gilxf} jflofs " ~dlj xvoda }i}vbfs on Nloilfxnd " efsv}dgdl fgx}sfxn }xngibijnx odl

gvbtvsdb odsn xfq ~dlj xn`dtl~d cnibijnx " eflkdon }fsdl odl }fsnbdgv xixndb tfstfltv ;

}fsfe}vdl on xfgtis oiefxtng odl }snd on xfgtis }vcbng , Enxdbgdl " gfbd{nedl

}fsfe}vdl efedgdn jdvl " }snd efedgdn }dltdbil " }fsfe}vdl cfgfskd on od}vs " bdgn%bdgn on gdltis" bfbdgn efecdzd }dsdlj" }fsfe}vdl efecdzd cdgvb ,bdgn%bdgn cibfa

gfbvds edbde " zdlntd tnodg " odl xftfsvxl~d ,

]fedadedl xfqvdbntdx ongdntgdl ofljdl gfjndtdl ~dlj efl~dljgvt jfltnbd odl isjdl xfqxfgvlofs bdnll~d , Odbde dstn xfe}nt " gfjndtdl xfqvdb efl~dljgvt dtdv efljdsda }dod

}fsxftvcvadl odl sf}siovgxn ,Odbde edx~dsdgdt gntd" avcvljdl xfqvdb xfsnljondxixndxngdl ofljdl gfxfldljdl " sdxd lngedt ! odl gdodlj }vbd sdxd xdgnt ., Odl

}fevdxdl oisiljdl cnibijnx , Gdsfld gfede}vdll~d efljadxnbgdl gfanov}dl efbdbvn}sigsfdxn " xfqvdbntdx kvjd xfsnlj onavcvljgdl ofljdl xvdtv od~d anov} " xvdtv flfsjn

~dlj od}dt ontsdlx`isedxngdl xfhdsd bdljxvlj odbde gfjndtdl xfqvdb%jflntdb " gfjndtdl~dlj tnodg bdljxvlj cfsisnfltdxn gf}dod gfjndtdl xfqvdb " td}n kvjd onxvcbnedxngdl odbde

gfjndtdl gsfdtn` xf}fstn nltfbfgtvdb " dstnxtng " xixndb dtdv x}nsntvdb ,

Xfqvdbntdx od}dt onfgx}sfxngdl efbdbvn giltdg `nxng bdljxvlj " tftd}n cnxd kvjd xfhdsd

xvjfxtn` dtdv xtnevbdtn` , Endbl~d" xfqvdbntdx ~dlj tfs}dlhds odbde tdsndl kdn}iljdl "

}fstvlkvgdl Edoilld" cfscdjdn cfltvg xfln sv}d " `nbe dtdv xfgfods hdsd cfsjfsdgxfxfisdlj , Gdodlj xvdtv }fsnbdgv cnxd cfjntv xvjfxtn l~d" xfanljjd dod ~dlj

efljdljjd}l~d }islijsd nx , _ftd}n ~dlj ondljjd} }isli ibfa xfxfisdlj " cnxd

ondljjd} fsitnx dtdv xflxvdb ibfa isdlj bdnl ,

Hiltia cdjdnedld lised efljfldn xfqvdbntdx efe}fljdsvan }fsnbdgv ; }fsfe}vdl

adsvx }fsdzdl " bdgn%bdgn ondlkvsgdl vltvg eflhdsn }fljdbdedl 7 bdgn%bdgn ondljjd} bfcna

oienldl oisiljdl xfqvdbl~d " zdlntd bfcna }dxn` odl sfxf}tn` , Gdsfldl~d " odbde}fsgdznldl}vl " gfbd{nedll~d bdgn%bdgn ~dlj efenldlj " cvgdl }fsfe}vdl , Bdgn%bdgn

ondljjd} }ibnjden " kdon bvesda gdbdv efl~fbfzflj " }fsfe}vdl ondljjd} eilijde "

kdon gdbdv nd efl~fbfzflj ondljjd} dnc gdsfld nd cfsvxdad eflnsv gfhflofsvljdl}ibnjdenx bdgn%bdgn " odl gfevondl on}dlodlj tfsbdbv efljdlhde ,

Gfjndtdl xfqvdb ~dlj tnodg odbde gfsdljgd xixndb ~dlj bd{ne dgdl ondlhde sdxd cfsxdbda cdjn }fbdgvl~d " edgd ibfa djded ongfhde xfcdjdn oixd, Aftfsixfq ongfhde kngd

efbdgvgdl avcvljdl xfq on bvds }fsgdznldl odl dgtnpntdx xfqvdb ~dlj efl~ne}dlj

Xfefltdsd aieixfq xfibda%ibda tnodg efe}nvl~dn adg xfqvdb cdjn efsfgd dod on bvds

}fsgdznldl " odl }dxtn efl~ne}dlj , Onxgsnenldxn odl sdxd cfsxdbda ~dlj ontdldegdl

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}dod onsn gdve aieixfqvdb efljdgncdtgdl efsfgd eflvtv}n isnifltdxn xfqvdbl~d "

ofljdl dgncdt bdlkvt }flfgdldl knzd ~dlj xfsnlj }dsda , ^dlj fgxtsne cnxd efbdsngdl onsn

gf ldsgitngd " dbgiaib " dtdv cvlva onsn , Cdl~dg gdve aieixfqvdb dgansl~d efenbnaanov} odbde gfciailjdl " gdodlj xde}dn eflngda odl cfsdldg%}nldg " tftd}n tfs}dgxd

eflkdbdln gfanov}dl jdlod " xfhdsd tfsdlj xfcdjdn aftfsixfqvdb " xfhdsd jfbd} xfcdjdn

aieixfqvdb ,

Aieixfqvdb tfsod}dt odbde cfjntv cdl~dg edx~dsdgdt on ovlnd , Efxgn}vl ofengndl " nd

edxna ondljjd} dnc odl efljdlhde " zdbdv}vl nd tnodg efsvjngdl isdlj bdnl , Odbdegdxvx xf}fstn nln " aiei}aicnd ! gftdgvtdl gf}dod aieixfqvdbntdx . nofltng ofljdl

sdxnxef, Aieixfqvdbntdx " xf}fstn adbl~d isnfltdxn xfqvdb ~dlj bdnl ~dlj ondljjd}

efl~ne}dlj " efedlj oncfsn td`xnsdl xixndb xfcdjdn dclisedb odl neeisdb " xfanljjd

aieixfqvdb efldsng on}fbdkdsn gdsfld sf}sfxn tfsadod}l~d cnxd efecfsngdl nlongdxnefljfldn lnbdn odl xngd} xvdtv edx~dsdgdt tfsadod} xfqvdbntdx }dod vevel~d ,

Bdljgda }fstded vltvg efe}fbdkdsn xfqvdbntdx ~dgln ofljdl efecfodgdl isnfltdxnl~d

odsn jflofs odl efbnadt cdjdnedld dstngvbdxn dltdsd gfovdl~d , Xde}dn on edld jflofsodl xfqvdbntdx cnxd onbnadt xfcdjdn pdsndcfb nlof}flofl 9 Dod dljjd}dl cdazd adsvx dod

gfhihigdl dltdsd xfq " jflofs odl isnfltdxn xfqvdb , Xfcfldsl~d xfq " jflofs odlxfqvdbntdx edxnlj%edxnlj dodbda xvdtv hiltnlve ! gfbdlkvtdl . " tftd}n ofen gf}fsbvdl

dldbnxd" xfevd vlxvs nln dgdl onkdcdsgdl odbde gdtfjisn tfs}nxda , Odbde gdtfjisn

gfbdenl !xfq. tfsod}dt tnjd gdtfjisn veve ; kdltdl " cftnld odl afsed}asiontf , Odbde

gdtfjisn jflofs dod edxgvbnl " `fenlnl odl dlosijnl , Odbde gdtfjisn xfqvdbntdx cnxdtfsod}dt cfscdjdn isnfltdxn ; aftfsixfqvdb " aieixfqvdb " cnxfqvdb " xfstd xfbncdt " dodbda

fe}dt gdtfjisn }igig , Giecnldxn ~dlj ondljjd} bd{ne odl lisedb ndbda xfisdlj ofljdl

kflnx gfbdenl ! xfq cnibijnx . cftnld" jflofs `fenlnl " xfqvdbntdx aftfsi " dtdv xfisdljofljdl gfbdenl kdltdl " jflofs edxgvbnl odl xfqvdbntdx aftfsixfqvdb , _ftd}n xfxfisdlj

cnxd xdkd tfsonsn odsn }fsevtdxn ~dlj cfscfod , Xfisdlj cnxd efe}vl~dn xfq cnibijnx

kdltdl " jflofs edxgvbnl " xfqvdbntdx aieixfqvdbntdx , Xfisdlj zdsnd efe}vl~dn xfqkdltdl dtdv afsed}asiontf " cfsjflofs `fenlnl ! gdsfld cfsodlodl odl cfs}fsnbdgv xf}fstn

}fsfe}vdl . " odl cfsisnfltdxn aileixfqvdb Xfisdlj }dxtis cfsgfbdenl kdltdl "

cfsjflofs edxgvbnl odl cfsisnfltdxn xfbncdt , Cnxd kvjd xfxfisdlj efe}vl~dn xfqafsed}asiontf " cfsjflofs dlosijnl " odl cfsxfqvdbntdx cnxfqvdb , Nln xfevd xfgfods

hiltia odsn cfscdjdn dstngvbdxn dltdsd xfq%cnibijnx " jflofs odl xfqvdbntdx ~dlj odbde

gfl~dtddll~d odbde edx~dsdgdt ongiecnldxn ofljdl vlxvs gfbdx", sdx" }si`fxn " odl bdnl%

bdnl ,

Xfisdlj cnxd efljfxg}sfxngdl isnfltdxn xfqvdbl~d efbdbvn jflofsl~d , xf}fstn xfisdlj

zdlntd ~dlj cfsodlodl xfsilig " dtdv bdgn%bdgn ~dlj cfsbdjdg xdljdt edhai , Xfcdbngl~d "xfisdlj cnxd gfanbdljdl isnfltdxn xfqvdb tdl}d gfanbdljdl jflofsl~d " xf}fstn enxdbl~d

cndsdzdl dtdv cndsdzdtn , Xfq kvjd od}dt on}dgdn vltvg efe}fstdadlgdl xvdtv xtdtvx

jflofs xf}fstn odbde gdxvx xfisdlj zdlntd ~dlj efecfsn }fbd~dldl xfqvdb }dodxvdenl~d djds od}dt efe}fstdadlgdl fgxnxtflxn jflofsl~d xfcdjdn nxtsn " ncv sveda

tdljjd odl ncv dldg%dldgl~d ,

4:>


6/32

Cnbd xfqvdbntdx eflkdon }vxdt }fsadtndl gdve `fenlnx gdsfld xfqvdbntdx xfsnlj efbnadt

gdntdll~d ofljdl jflofs ! bdgn%bdgn odl }fsfe}vdl . " xfcfldsl~d xtvon xfqvdbntdx cvgdl

eili}ibn `fenlnx , ]fengnsdl `fenlnx efljdldbnxd }fljisjdlnxdxndl }flnlodxdl jflofsdtdv cdjdnedld }fscfoddl xtdtvx dltdsd bdgn%bdgn odl }fsfe}vdl tfskdon odbde cnodlj

xixndb" }ibntng odl fgilien , Xfqvdbntdx eflod}dt }fsadtndl odsn gdbdljdl ~dlj bfcna

bvdx" evbdn odsn gfoigtfsdl" }xngibijn " `nbixi`n" xfkdsda " odl x}nsntvdbntdx, Efxgn}vl`fenlnx xdljdt cfsenldt }dod nxxvf xfqvdbntdx " tfsod}dt ovd dbnsdl ~dlj cfsbdzdldl

efljfldn xfqvdbntdx , Dbnsdl ~dlj xdtv efljfsntng }fecdtdxdl xfqvdbntdx zdlntd odl

cfskvdlj vltvg xvdtv }fecfcdxdl xfqvdb, Dbnsdl ~dlj gfovd cfsdljjd}dl cdazdgfcfcdxdl xfqvdb xfgfods }fs}dlkdljdl adg nxtnefzd bdgn%bdgn , _sdonxn `fenlnx nln dod

jdvljl~d odbde }fengnsdl dltn xfqvdb ~dlj gilxfspdtn` , Ofljdl dodl~d jfsdgdl dltn%

}islijsd`n cfxds%cfxdsdl " dldbnxd `fenlnx ~dlj gfovdbda ~dlj bfcna eflod}dt dljnl ,

Gfhflofsvljdl veve nbev ndbda efecvdt gdtfjisn " ongitien odl ansdsgn " ofljdl

}flofgdtdl ~dlj bnlnfs odl dldbnxtnx , Ofengndl }vbd ofljdl xtvon efljfldn xfqvdbntdx

Cnbd cfsadod}dl ofljdl adb%adb ~dlj cfstfltdljdl " dod gfhflofsvljdl vltvg efbnadtl~d

xfcdjdn tnodg cnxd on}fstfevgdl " dtdv xftnodgl~d " }sicbfedtnx , Hdsd cfs}ngns nlnbda~dlj ondecnb dbna odbde nbev }fljftdavdl on Nloilfxnd odl evljgnl lfjfsn%lfjfsn

lil%cdsdt bdnll~d , Xf}fstnl~d xvbnt vltvg eflfsned }fengnsdl ~dlj aibnxtnx on edldgfgvdtdl ~dlj cfsbdzdldl ntv cnxd kdon efsv}dgdl dx}fg odsn ~dlj xded dtdv xvdtv

gfcfsbdlkvtdl ,

Xfqvdbntdx efsv}dgdl xvdtv gfcfsbdlkvtdl " dltdsd kdltdl%cftnld " `fenlnl%edxgvbnlaftfsixfqvdbntdx%aieixfqvdbntdx, Xfhdsd cnibijnx odl }xngibijnx tfsod}dt bfcna cdl~dg

}fsxdeddl dltdsd bdgn%bdgn odl }fsfe}vdl odsn}dod }fscfoddll~d " odl xftnd} nlonpnov

cfsonsn }dod xdtv tntng }dod gfcfsbdlkvtdl tfsxfcvt , Xixndbnxdxn efefjdlj }fsdl ~dljxdljdt eflfltvgdl " xfanljjd cvgdl adl~d }fsnbdgv " tftd}n }ngnsdl odl }fsdl }vl

on}fljdsvanl~d , Xfsqvdbntdx ade}ns xfbdbv ongilxf}xngdl xfcdjdn ongitien cnlfs ~dlj

cfsbdzdldl ; kdltdl%cftnld " edxgvbnl%`fenlnl " aftfsixfqvdb%aieixfqvdb " }fsgdznldl fgxtsd%edsntdb , Odbde xftnd} gdxvx " xdbda xdtv odsn }dxdljdl nln ondljjd} xfcdjdn

gdtfjisn odsn xvc%gdtfjisn on edld ~dlj }fstded ondljjd} bfcna vljjvb odl lisedb

ofljdl gdtd bdnl eflkdon lised , Ansdsgn nofibijn xfqvdbntdx odsn }xngndtsn" djded" dodt"lfjdsd dtdv gf}fshd~ddl }i}vbfs cfs`vljxn ofljdl hdsd ~dlj xded xf}fstn adbl~d

xnxtfe sdxnxef" ftlixfltsnxef" odl hadvpnlnxef djdenx, Dod lised%lised cdgv vltvg

xfqvdbntdx ~dlj oncfsn hd} lisedb odl cfsonsn ontnljgdt ansdsgn ~dlj }dbnlj tnljjn

]dlodljdl cdazd dod xdtv kflnx xfqvdbntdx ~dlj nofdb efldlodn xfevd xnxtfe }fengnsdlefljfldn xfq , Vltvg djded " ~dlj eflkdon nofdb dodbda xfq vltvg }sigsfdxn 7 odbde

nbev gfknzddl " dodbda aftfsixfqvdbntdx ~dlj ofzdxd , ]dod }vlhdg ansdsgn xfqvdbntdx

dodbda aftfsixfqvdb odbde }fsgdznldl eilijden ofljdl tvkvdl }sigsfdxn gftvsvldl odlefl~fcdsgdl lnbdn%lnbdn oienldl odbde edx~dsdgdt , Odbde kdedl ~dlj efljdjvljgdl

}bvsdbntdx " xdbda xdtv nof% ~dlj }dbnlj cfstdadl efljfldn xfq " cdazd dod xdtv hdsd

tfscdng efbdgvgdll~d odl cdazd xfevd isdlj adsvx efbdgvgdllv~d ,

_sdonxn cfs}ngns on gdbdljdl dgdofenx nln" on ovlnd eiofsl onbdlkvtgdl gf gdbdljdl dzde

odl eflkdon odxds odl }fecfltvgdl nofibijn xfqvdb , Cnbd gntd efedaden nofibijn

xfcdjdn xf}fsdljgdt jdjdxdl ~dlj eflkdon xflkdtd vltvg gf}fltnljdl xixndb " edgd

41=


7/32

nofibijn efljfldn xfqvdbntdx dedt cfxds }fljdsval~d odbde gfanov}dl nlonpnov

edv}vl edx~dsdgdt , Xfbdlkvtl~d nofibijn xfqvdb nln ede}v efljgiltsib cvgdl adl~d

}fsnbdgv nlonpnov odl edx~dsdgdt 7 tftd}n kvjd hdsd cfs}ngns " }fljad~dtdl odl cdagdlgflngedtdl , On bvds gfxdodsdl gntd" nofibijn xfqvdb bfcna efsdxvg odl efloienldxn

odsn}dod nofibijn titdbntfs edld}vl

Xfjdbd xfxvdtv odbde anov} dod dstnl~d gdsfld gntd efecfsngdl xvdtv lnbdn gf}dodl~d

]fsdljgdt lnbdn eflfltvgdl d}d ~dlj eflkdon sfdbntdx cdjn gntd , Sfdbntdx dgansl~d dodbda

xvdtv giltsvgxn xixndb cfsodxdsgdl gfxf}dgdtdl lnbdn ~dlj oncfsngdl edx~dsdgdt gf}dodcfscdjdn adb , Xfqvdbntdx dodbda xtvon gdxvx ~dlj efldsng vltvg efedaden }sixfx

giltsvgxn xixndb nln" gdsfld efe}fstfevgdl cdl~dg dx}fg gfanov}dl edlvxnd , Xfhdsd

}xngibijnx " xfq efe}fljdsvan gfknzddl edlvxnd 7 xfhdsd xixndb xfq efsv}dgdl hfsenl

odsn tdtd }fsjdvbdl edlvxnd ~dlj ondtvs ibfa }sdldtd edx~dsdgdt 7 xfhdsd fgilienx xfqefe}vl~dn ne}bngdxn evbdn odsn }fsgdznldl xde}dn }fbdhvsdl " odbde fsd gd}ntdbnxef "

xfq eflkdon gieiontn ~dlj xdljdt eflvlkdlj " efbdbvn `nbe " tfbfpnxn odl }fsngbdldl

Xfhdsd }ibntnx " dstngvbdxn dltdsd jflofs odl xfqvdbntdx efldecda oneflxn vltvg

efedaden avcvljdl gfgvdxddl dltdsd }snd odl zdlntd , Xfhdsd nofibijnx " eisdbntdx~dlj efl~dljgvt xfq cvgdl adl~d efe}vl~dn ne}bngdxn giltsib" td}n efsv}dgdl

hfsenl }fsjfxfsdl lnbdn%lnbdn edx~dsdgdt gdsfld xf}fstn gntd xfevd tdav " eisdbntdx "d}dgda efl~dljgvt xfq dtdv ~dlj bdnll~d " xfbdbv cfsvcda odsn kdedl gf kdedl ,

! Xvs~dgvxved" 4>>4 ; ? > .

Xfq " Xfln odl Zdhdld ]vcbng

Xfq cdjn cdl~dg isdlj edxna efsv}dgdl znbd~da ~dlj }flva enxtfsn , Odbde xfkdsdagfanov}dl " dod gfjdedljdl tfstfltv ~dlj onadod}n edlvxnd tdtgdbd cfsadod}dl ofljdl

xfq , Dod sdxd tfstdsng ~dlj bvds cndxd " tftd}n xfgdbnjvx kvjd gftdgvtdl ~dlj bvds cndxd

tfsadod} xfq ,]dodadb" cvgdlgda gfjndtdl xfq xfcdjdnedld edgdl odl enlve " tnovs odlcfgfskd " ibdasdjd odl oid tde}dgl~d efsv}dgdl cdjndl zdkds odsn gfanov}dl edlvxnd 9

Odl xfcdjdn cdjndl odsn gfanov}dl ~dlj zdkds " d}dgda gfjndtdl xfq }fsbv ontdgvtn 9

D}dgda tnodg xfadsvxl~d edlvxnd efljadod}n xfq ofljdl gfzdkdsdl ~dlj cndxd xf}fstngftngd efljadod}n gfjndtdl cnibijnx , Xfgdbn bdjn" xfq efl~fecvl~ngdl xfxvdtv enxtfsn"

~dlj efl~fcdcgdl isdlj tdgvt }dodl~d ,

Dod cfscdjdn xngd} odl v}d~d edlvxnd odbde efljadod}n }sicbfedtngd xfq, EflvsvtEnhafb @ivhdvbt " xfq efsv}dgdl cdjndl odsn hnsn edlvxnd xfcdjdn edgabvg ~dlj

cfsadxsdt , ]dod {dedl ^vldln Gvli " isdlj%isdlj efljibda adxsdt xfq eflkdon cdjndl

odsn gfjndtdl ~dlj xfkdkds ofljdl `nbxd`dt " fgilien " odl }fljfbibdbdl gfxfadtdl_de}dgl~d @ivhdvbt edv efe}fsbnadtgdl " cdazd gfjndtdl xfq }vl efe}vl~dn

}sfxtnxf ~dlj tnljjn , Odl xf}fstn adbl~d gfjndtdl%gfjndtdl ~dlj bdnl " gfjndtdl xfq }vl

efefsbvgdl }fljfbibddl ~dlj tnodg xfofsadld " xtsdtfjn odl }fsflhdlddl " }fstnecdljdlodl gf}vtvxdl ~dlj tf}dt , Dgdl tftd}n odbde Dcdc ]fstfljdadl dtdv fsd Gsnxtfl on

Fsi}d " gfjndtdl xfq eflkdon xfxvdtv ~dlj ondljjd} cfscdad~d odl ontdgvtn , Djded

Gsnxtfl eflkdongdl xfq xfcdjdn xixig ~dlj }fsbv onzdx}dodn gdsfld eflnecvbgdl adxsdt

gvdt ~dlj onxfcvt ld`xv " odl oncfsn bdcfb gavxvx xfcdjdn odjnlj , Odbde sdljgdndl

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Xfkdsda Xfgxvdbntdx ; ~dlj ontvbnxl~d " @ivhdvbt xfondl~d cfsedgxvo eflvbnx xdtv knobno

bdjn efl~dljgvt gfanov}dl on fsd nln cfskvovb Bfx Dpfvq of bd Hadns ! ]fsnljdtdl

Odjvlj . " on xde}nlj BVxdjf ofx ]bdnxnsx !]fedl`dtdl Gflngedtdl. odl BfXivhn of Xin ! Gf}fovbndl }dod Onsn . ~dlj xvoda tfscnt , Dgdl tftd}n xde}dn xdt

eflnljjdbl~d , knbno tfsxfcvt tdg kdon ontvbnx " fltda gdsfld d}d ,

On Nlond odl Hnld " gfjndtdl xfq eflkdon bdadl }fecfbdkdsdl ~dlj efldsng Xdljdt

tfsgfldb enxdbl~d Gdedxvtsd gdsdljdl Pdtx~d~dld " ~dlj ontvbnx }dod dcdo gfbned

Edxfan , Odl kdljdl bv}d " on Kdzd }vl cdl~dg xvbvg on edxd bdbv ~dlj cfscnhdsdefljfldn xfgxvdbntdx cdagdl odbde gdntdl ofljdl enxtng gfdjdeddl , Xnecib bnljjd odl

~iln " ovd gfbdenl bdgn%bdgn odl }fsfe}vdl tfsbncdt odbde cfcfsd}d hdlon on }vbdv Kdzd

Ofljdl cdadxd xnecibnx " isdlj Kdzd efljjvldgdl gdtd kdljgsng kbntaflj vltvg

efl~fcvt dbdt gfbdenl }snd " odbde tfbdda efljfldn }fljfbibddl gf}fsgdxddl " ~dljcdl~dg onldxfadtgdl isdlj tvd gf}dod isdlj%isdlj evod , On Cdsdt " gavxvxl~d on

Defsngd on tdavl tvkva }vbvadl " cfsgfecdlj }vbd }fljftdavdl efljfldn xfq ~dlj

onsnltnx ibfa Znbbnde Aizfbb Edxtfsx " xfisdlj jnlfgibij dlo Pnsjnlnd Fxafbedl

Kialxil " xfisdlj }xngndtsnx , Efsfgd eflonsngdl bfecdjd Edxtfsx dlo Kialxil Nlxtntvtfon tdavl 4>:1 " ~dlj efljdbden xvgxfx cfxds odbde efe}sieixngdl gfanov}dl xfqvdb

~dlj xfadt " efljdtdxn sftsngxn%sftsngxn djded ~dlj gdodlj nsdxnildb odl tnodgefefhdagdl }fsxidbdl ,

]dod dcdo xfecnbdl cfbdx" cdl~dg }fbvgnx Fsi}d efljdecnb }fsfe}vdl xfcdjdn

ic~fgl~d , Dgdl tftd}n }fsgfecdljdl nln onsnltnx ibfa xfgvbdsnxdxn xfln bvgnx ~dlj cfsbdljxvlj xfkdg dcdo gfflde cfbdx" gftngd cdljxdzdl%cdljxdzdl gd~d evbdn

efljdecnb dbna gienxn%gienxn vltvg efecnd~dn }dsd }fbvgnx odl xflnedl bdnl " ~dlj

xfevbd efsv}dgdl gienxn jfsfkdln , _fltv xdkd ofljdl }sixfx }fljdecnbdbnadl nln "cfsjfxfs }vbd tfed%tfed bvgnxdl , Xfevbd tfed%tfed sfbnjnvx efsv}dgdl ic~fg xfln ~dlj

oneili}ibn ibfa djded odl adl~d on}dxdlj on jfsfkd%jfsfkd , Xfkdg {dedl eiofsl "

tfed%tfed sfbnjnvx evbdn efljandxdn sveda%sveda tnljjdb }dsd cdljxdzdl odl isdljgd~d " tfltv xdkd ofljdl jd~d ~dlj djdg bdnl ; gfevondl }itsft gfbvdsjd odl ti}ng%ti}ng

}si`dl efl~dljgvt gfanov}dl xfadsn%adsn , Odbde }fsgfecdljdl nln " tnodg cfsdstn

lvdlxd sfbnjnvx anbdlj odsn vljgd}dl xfln , Adl~d xdkd gnln vljgd}dl nln efljdecnbzvkvo odl cfltvg ~dlj edlvxndzn ~dlj bfcna bvdx " tnodg tfsngdt }dod entibijn dtdv

ti}nb%ti}ng gntdc xvhn , Odbde gfsdljgd }fsgfecdljdl nln }vbd }fsadtndl }dsd }fbvgnx

}dod tvcva }fsfe}vdl adsvx ontfe}dtgdl ,

Xvoda hvgv} bded xfq " odl ofljdl ntv kvjd jdecds }fsfe}vdl " xfbdbv ondxixndxngdl

ofljdl xfxvdtv ~dlj cfsbdzdldl djded , ]dod dcdo tvkva cfbdx" eisdb Fsi}d edxna

ongvdxdn ibfa Gsnxtndlnxef ~dlj cfsgnxds xfgntds tvkva oixd cfsdt " on edld gfhdcvbdlefsv}dgdl xdbda xdtvl~d ,Xf}fstn onvtdsdgdl on of}dl " oixd gfhdcvbdl dodbda oixd

gfodjnljdl cfsgdntdl ofljdl ld`xv edlvxnd , Odbde gfsdljgd nln " xfjdbd tnlodgdl

xfqvdb " gfhvdbn }fsxftvcvadl dltdsd xvden nxtsn nln }vl ofljdl hdsd tfstfltv xdkd tnodg cnxd oncfldsgdl ,@ivhdvbt eflhdtdt " cdazd xddt ntvbda evlhvb od`tds nxtnbda vltvg

cfscdjdn edhde tnlodgdl xfqvdb ~dlj ondljjd} efl~ne}dlj , Xfkdg dcdo xfecnbdl "

}fstfltdljdl gfbdx dltdsd xfq odl djded " xfongnt cdl~dg evbdn on}fsodedngdl ibfa }dsd

xflnedl " xfcdjdnedld onvtdsdgdl on dtdx , Xfbdnl ntv " xtvon tfltdlj xfln kvjd evbdn

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9/32

eflod}dt }fsadtndl odsn }dsd tfibij ~dlj efe}fsadtngdl vljgd}dl%vljgd}dl sfbnjnvx

edlvxnd , Adb nln efe}fljdsvan kvjd xngd} efsfgd tfsadod} xfq ,Xfq cnxd oncnhdsdgdl

tnodg adl~d odbde gfsdljgd eisdb odl djded" efbdnlgdl odbde cfscdjdn oneflxngfanov}dl ,

]dod dgans cvbdl D}snb 3==0 " odbde xfcvda }defsdl ~dlj onbdljxvljgdl on Xvonsedl]bdhf tde}nb _ndsd Bfxtdsn ofljdl gibfgxn ìti onsnl~d , ]defsdl ~dlj oncfsn kvovb

@sie Xflxvdb ti Fbfjdlhf , Isdlj cibfa eflnbdn xftfbda efbnadtl~d " tftd}n ~dlj kfbdx

}defsdl ntv efsv}dgdl fgx}sfxn onsn _ndsd ~dlj efbdgvgdl }fskdbdldl d}sfxndtn` " gdbdvcibfa ongdtdgdl ofengndl " tfsadod} }fljvdxddl tvcva }fsfe}vdl " xvdtv ti}ng ~dlj

xdljdt xnjln`ngdl odbde }fskvdljdl `fenlnx ~dlj nljnl efecfcdxgdl onsn odsn oienldxn

gvbtvs }dtsndgn , Kngdbdv }fsfe}vdl efsdxd nsn adsn tfsadod} }flnx bdgn%bdgn ! }adbbvx fl~ ."

eflvsvt @sfvo " d}dgda tnodg tnodg xfcdbngl~d ongdtdgdl cdazd bdgn%bdgn efsdxd nsn adtntfsadod} gfnlodadl tvcva }fsfe}vdl 9 ]islijsd n cdl~dg gdbn ondstngdl xfcdjdn

}flde}nbdl tvcva }fsfe}vdl ~dlj tfbdlkdlj " vltvg ongiefsxndbgdl , Odl bdgn%bdgn

efsdxd decnjv efljadod}nl~d , Bdgn%bdgn cdcn efljdjven odl nljnl eflngedtnl~d

odl odsn xdgv efsfgd od}dt ongfsvg vdlj " xfodljgdl bdgn%bdgn }d}n eflnbdnl~d hdcvbodl cfs}sftflxn edv efl~fbdedtgdll~d , Efljd}d }flnbdndl tnodg onxfsdagdl xdkd

gf}dod gdve }fsfe}vdl xflonsn " ntvbda xidbl~d , Odl _ndsd ofljdl }defsdl ìtil~dtfbda efecvgd zdhdld " vltvg efe}fsbnadtgdl on xdtv }nadg }vlhdg%}vlhdg fgx}sfxn

odsn gfnlodadl tvcva }fsfe}vdl odl odsn bdnl }nadg cdtdx%cdtdx tibfsdlxn ~dlj cnxd

ontfsned ,

Ofljdl hdsd ~dlj cfscfod tftd}n tvkvdl ~dlj xded , Efsb~l Xv}kdl" }vtsn zdsnd

Nloilfxnd 3==0" eflvbnxgdl }fljdbdedl odl }flodgvdll~d xfcdjdn }fsfe}vdl tdg

cfspdjnld odbde cvgvl~d]fsfe}vdl tdl}d P, Ond cfsgf}fltnljdl efecfbd gdvel~d "~dlj xfbded nln xfldltndxd onlnbdn lfjdtn ibfa edx~dsdgdt odl ononxgsnenldxn odsn

}fsjdvbdl xixndb ~dlj ondljjd} lisedb , Odbde edx~dsdgdt tfscvgd" zdhdld xdljdt

}fltnlj odl nlnxndtn` vltvg efeciljgds }fsxf}xn ~dlj efljadgnen xfhdsd gfbnsv gdodljefecvtvagdl gfcfsdlndl , Cfsgdt gfcfsdlndl }dsd nlnxndtsnx vltvg efevbdn zdhdld

xf}fstn nlnbda }fsxf}xn%}fsxf}xn ntv cnxd on}sieixngdl , Edx~dsdgdt }bvsdb kvjd xfedgnl

cfbdkds vltvg cnxd eflfsned }fsxf}xn%}fsxf}xn ~dlj cfscfod " efl~dljgvt i}xn%i}xngvbtvsdb odsn cfscdjdn }nadg " tdl}d efljadgnenl~d ,

Xdbda xdtv }fsxidbdl ~dlj evlhvb odbde edx~dsdgdt tfscvgd dodbda cfsgfecdljl~d

efond edxxd" ~dlj cfs}fsdl efl~fcdsbvdxgdl nxv%nxv gadx " bigdb" ~dlj gdodlj cfsxn`dt}sncdon " eflkdon nxv jbicdb ~dlj cnxd ongftdavn ibfa cdl~dg isdlj , Xdbda xdtv `fliefld

~dlj cdsv%cdsv nln evlhvb xfcdjdn }ibfeng dodbda nlìtdnleflt odbde tfbfpnxn " ~dlj

cfsedgxvo efl~ndsgdl cfsntd !nlì. " tftd}n tfsl~dtd efedxvgn znbd~da }sncdon isdlj~dlj oncfsntdgdl , Dgdl tftd}n tnodg adl~d ntv , ]fstfevdl gfofbd}dl odsn Zisbo

Dxxfecb~ i` Sfbnjnil ìs ]fdhf " tdljjdb 3> Djvxtvx 3==0 ~dlj bdbv on G~iti ~dlj

efljdljgdt nxv djded ~dlj xfsnlj oncdkdg ibfa gfbie}ig fgxtsfe vltvg efbdgvgdlgfgfsdxdl" odbde ofgbdsdxnl~d kvjd efe}fsnljdtgdl djds efond edxxd bfcna hfsedt odl

cfsadtn%adtn odbde eflkdjd gftfltsdedl ]fljjvlddl efond edxxd efsv}dgdl }fsvcdadl

sfpibvxnilfs odbde hdsd cfsgievlngdxn odl eflvltvt }vbd dgvsdxn }fldljdldl ~dlj

tnljjn , Ncdsdt }fbvsv gflodbn odbde }fsdlj eiofsl " gfxdbdadl gfhnb odbde xvovt

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10/32

}fbvlhvsdl cnxd cfsdgncdt xdbda xdxdsdl ~dlj efljadlhvsgdl sdg~dt xn}nb ~dlj tnodg

cfsxdbda " ofengndl }vl nxv%nxv ~dlj onxndsgdl ibfa efond edxxd,, Dgdl tftd}n odsn bdnl

}nadg " gftfscvgddl ededlj efsv}dgdl sfxngi kvjd odsn gfedkvdl dbdt%dbdt gievlngdxneiofsl ~dlj onxfcvt efond edxxd nln , Ontfsd}gdl odbde gfjndtdl xfq" eflvsvt

EhBvadl " edxx efond efljadlhvsgdl tfecig%tfecig sveda }fbdhvsdl odl

eflde}nbgdl tiltildl d}d dodl~d Odl gfedkvdl tfglibijn xfsnlj bfcna hf}dt odsngfxnd}dl adtn edlvxnd vltvg eflfsnedl~d , ! Xvondsokd" 3==0 ; ? > .

Xfq odl Edx~dsdgdt _fscvgd

Jfkdbd d}dgda xfcfldsl~d ~dlj eflodxdsn gfhflofsvljdl edx~dsdgdt vltvg efecvgd

xfq nln dtdv vltvg cfsxngd} tfscvgd tfsadod} }fsxidbdl xfq 9 On Fsi}d gftfscvgddltfsadod} xfq ondzdbn ofljdl d}d ~dlj onxfcvt xfcdjdn sfpibvxn xfq }dod dgans ]fsdlj

Ovlnd NN, ]fsnxtnzd ntv onxvxvb gfevondl ofljdl hdsd anov} d bd an}}nfx Defsngd ~dlj

eflfltdlj }f}fsdljdl gavxvxl~d xfavcvljdl ofljdl }fsdlj Pnftlde odl

efe}sieixngdl `sff xfq , Xdljdt efldsng cdazd }sieixn `sff xfq cfsxdeddl ofljdl}sitfx dltn }fsdlj , _ftd}n nln od}dt on}daden , Cvgdlgda xfq dodbda bdecdlj gfanov}dl"

hnltd odl }fsodedndl " xfodljgdl }f}fsdljdl dodbda bdecdlj odsn gfcflhndl odlgfedtndl 9 ]fsdlj efsv}dgdl jfkdbd ~dlj lde}dg odsn gfcvtvnadl gievlngdxn 7 dodl~d

tfecig%tfecig }fenxda ~dlj tnodg efevljgnlgdl }fsvlonljdl , ]fsdlj efsv}dgdl

ode}dg odsn gftfstvtv}dl adtn, Xfq xfcdbngl~d efsv}dgdl od~d tdsng vltvg xdbnlj

efengdt " xdbnlj eflofgdtn odl xdbnlj efl~dtv , _vkvdl xfq }dod dgansl~d dodbda vltvgefecvgd" tnodg adl~d sdjd" tftd}n kvjd knzd gf}dod ~dlj bdnl ,

Pdl ]fsvxfl odbde Xtsdtfjn Gfcvod~ddl efecfodgdl ofljdl kfbdx tnljgda bdgv xfq onFsi}d }dod {dedl Pnhtisndl ~dlj bfjflodsnx ntv ofljdl {dedl eiofsl , Ofljdl xfcvda

jdecds ontvlkvggdl cdjdnedld xfq }dod {dedl Pnhtisndl ntv edv onxfecvl~ngdl

Xfjdbd ~dlj cfscdv xfq dtdv hnsn%hnsn gfbdenl adsvx ontvtv}n " edgd zdlntd%zdlntd ~dljedv edlon on }dltdn }vl on}itsft ofljdl }dgdndl bfljgd} , [dedl xfgdsdlj xfcdbngl~d"

cvgv%cvgv }flfsdljdl efljfldn xfq }vl cnxd on}fsibfa on tfe}dt bidg " gdodlj ofljdl

nbvxtsdxn ~dlj tnodg tdljjvlj%tdljjvlj , Efedlj cflds " cdsdljgdbn }fl~ne}dljdl xf{{dedl xfgdsdlj tnodg cnxd onbfcna%bfcnagdl ofljdl hdsd efecdlonljgdl ofljdl {dedl

ovbv " gdsfld {dedl xf{ tfstvtv} ntv gntd tnodg eflod}dtgdl odtd ~dlj hvgv} , Dgdl

tftd}n ofljdl ofengndl xfgsdlj tdg od}dt ontibdg " cdazd cfsfodsl~d cdl~dg cvgv

tfltdlj xf{ odsn ~dlj }dbnlj nbenda anljjd ~dlj }dbnlj gitis " efecfsngdl odtd ~dlj kfbdx tnodg efljfldn }ibd tnljgda bdgv xfq }dod {dedl nln " tftd}n efljfldn hnsn

gftfscvgddl odl gftfsvxtfsdljdl odsn xfq ntv xflonsn , Ofljdl ofengndl xvoda tnodg

sfbfpdl bdjn vltvg efecdlonljgdl {dedl nln ofljdl {dedl Pnhtisndl , Gftfscvgddl xfqntv xflonsn xvoda hvgv} efecvdt xaihg $ Odtd bdnl tnodg }fsbv ,

Efedlj {dedl odavbv }vl xfq xvoda tfscvgd , Kdva xfcfbve sdtv Pnhtisnd ldng tdatd "Fsi}d tfltvl~d }fslda efljdbden }vbd {dedl }snentn` , Xfgdsdlj }vl cdl~dg isdlj on

D`sngd dtdv Nsndl edxna efedgdn gitfgd odl efecndsgdl cdjndl tvcval~d ~dlj bdnl

tfscvgd , Xfcfbve }fsdlj gfefsofgddl }dsd }vtsn Cdbn edxna efecvgd ododl~d ,_ftd}n

gftfscvgddl edhde ntv cvgdlbda ~dlj onedgxvo on xnln, Gftfscvgddl xf{ kdedl nln

41?


11/32

dodbda gftfscvgddl ~dlj xvoda sf`bfgtn` " cvgdl gftfscvgddl dbdenda bdjn , Gftfscvgddl

sf`bfgxn dodbda gftfscvgddl ~dlj onxdodsn , Dod edgxvo vltvg efsdljdlj odl onsdljxdlj

on xntv , Gftfscvgddl xf{ {dedl nln dodbda gftfscvgddl cbivxf ofljdl cfbdadl odod ~dljodbde dtdv jdvl }dlkdlj anljjd edtd gdgn ofljdl cfbdadl xde}nlj dtdv of}dl anljjd

cdjndl }dad, Ntvbda gftfscvgddl vltvg onxfltva " eflvsvt nxntnbda Eh Bvadl odbde

Vlofsxtdlonlj Efond " cvgdl gftfscvgddl vltvg onbnadt ,

Eflvsvt Eh Bvadl " }sieixn gftfscvgddl nln xfbvsval~d cfsavtdlj gf}doxd efond

edxxd Efond edxxd bda ~dlj efecvgd xfjdbd gftfsxfecvl~ndl dcdo%dcdo bdbv , Efondedxxd tfbda cfsgfecdlj xfkdg xddt Jvtflcfsj efljjvldgdl }fsgdgdx hftdg anljjd

xfgdsdlj " gftngd dbdt%dbdt fbfgtsilng xvoda ede}v efljdltdsgdl cfsntd%cfsntd ofljdl

dedt hf}dt , Odl ofljdl ntv efond edxxd tfbda efljjfxfs }fsdl edtd ofljdl }fsdl

x~dsd` , Od~d pnxvdb ~dlj xvoda tfscndxd efldljgd} tvbnxdl ede}v efldljgd} giof%giof fbfgtsilng " sdljxdljdl edtd onjfxfs ibfa sdljxdljdl x~dsd` ~dlj bdljxvlj "

xfanljjd gfnljnldl vltvg efbnadt ontnljgdtgdl eflkdon gfnljnldl vltvg cfstnlodg ,

]fsdldl efond edxxd dedt cfxds odbde efe}sieixngdl gftfscvgddl , Ofengndl kvjdefl~dljgvt gftfscvgddl on cnodlj xfq, Gdsfld xfq on}sieixngdl odbde efond

gievlngdxn " edgd xfq eflkdon cdsdlj gieiontn ~dlj veve , Gfedkvdl dbdt%dbdt i}tngenxdbl~d " gdtd Eh Bvadl " tfbda efecvdt edlvxnd eflkdon cdsdlj tiltitdl ~dlj cnxd

oncfxds%cfxds%gfhnbgdl , @itijsd`n efe}fscdl~dg jdecds edlvxnd vltvg onkdongdl

cdsdlj odjdljdl ~dlj bdsnx , ]dsd cnltdlj `nbe odl dstnx ~dlj hdltng%hdltng eflkdon

ne}ndl ~dlj od}dt oncfbn ofljdl vdlj , Efsfgd od}dt oncfbn " onjdltvljgdl ononlonljgdeds " onhnve dtdv onsfedx kdva bfcna evoda odsn}dod }fbdhvs , Odl nlnbda gfgadxdl

}fbdhvsdl eiofsl ; ~dgln cdazd on}fsbvdx cfodl~d , ]fbdhvsdl xvoda onevbdn odbde

jsdodxn ~dlj dedt tn}nx" gdbdv cibfa ongdtdgdl ofengndl " odbde sfgbdef jdonx%jdonxhdltng ofljdl }dgdndl enlne dtdv oodbde `iti%`iti cnltdlj `nbe ~dlj od}dt gntd

onlngedtn ofljdl vdlj , @itijsd`n eflvsvt Eh Bvadl efecvdt cisonb%cisonb gfanbdljdl

onlonljl~d " xfanljjd anbdljbda }snpdh~ odbde avcvljdl xfq,

_fltv xdkd odbde adb nln }fsnbdgv xfq bdltdx lde}dg dcxtsdg , Dgdl tftd}n dcxtsdgxn

cvgdlbda kvxtsv efsv}dgdl }ftvlkvg tfltdlj xngd} edlvxnd ~dlj nljnl efljvdxdn odlefldljgd} d}d ~dlj ondcxtsdgxngdll~d ntv xfhdsd efl~fbvsva 9 _dg dod gfgvdtdl

edlvxnd ~dlj kdva bfcna efbvedtgdl odsn}dod gfede}vdll~d vltvg efljdcxtsdgxngdl

ic~fgl~d , Ofljdl ntvbda cfsgfecdlj dljgd , , Dljgd efsv}dgdl dcxtsdgxn ~dlj }dbnlj

bvedt odsn xvdtv xtsvgtvs xvdtv ic~fg , Xtsdtfjn }fsdlj " sflhdld }fecdljvldl jfovlj~dlj efjda " }fsgfecdljdl fgilien " xfevd nln ongflodbngdl ibfa xtdtnxtng dljgd%dljgd

_nodg efljafsdlgdl cdazd edlvxnd xvgd efljitdg%gdtng dljgd vltvg efljftdavn

}fsvltvljdll~d , Dljgd efecfsngdl gfgvdxddl ~dlj xvljjva enxtfsnvx , Ofengndl kvjdefl~dljgvt xfqvdbntdx edlvxnd , Odbde giltdg kioia " on gisdl dtdv edkdbda " isdlj

efl~dlkngdl odtd efljfldn onsnl~d ofljdl dljgd%dljgd ; kdlod " 8= tdavl , 46> he)?6

gj , Odl isdlj eiofsl ofljdl jfxnt efldljgd} }si`nb ntv ofljdl dcxtsdgxnl~d , Xfedgnlnd cfsenldt " xfedgnl anov} dcxtsdgdxn ntv odbde cfldgl~d , Odl cdjdnedld efljfldn

}si`nb ntv sdtv gfhdltngdl ofljdl vgvsdl 80 3? 80 9

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Efshfofx " xfisfdlj gftvsvldl gvbnt antde " efljdbden gfxvbntdl odbde }fsgdznldll~d

Xvdenl~d " xfisdlj gvbnt }vtna ~dlj efe}vl~dn gfovovgdl " efsdxd tnodg }vdx

ofljdll~d " gdsfld ntv nd nljnl eflhfsdngdll~d , ]fsgdznldl efsfgd xvoda cfsbdljxvljofbd}dl tdavl , Vxnd Efshfofx , 83 tdavl , Odsn bvds nd lde}dg xfcdjdn zdlntd ~dlj

edlnx odl edxna evod , _ftd}n jdnsda xfq " nd xvoda tdg }vl~d , Nd eflofsntd d}d ~dlj

gntd gfldb xfcdjdn `snjnontdx , Cfsgdbn%gdbn nd efl~dtdgdl }fsxftvkvdlll~d ofljdlxvdenl~d vltvg ese}vl~dn dldg " tftd}n xftnd} gdbn efljdlovlj nd efljdbden

gfjvjvsdl dtdv adsvx efbdgvgdl dcisxn " fltda d}d}vl dbdxdll~d ,

Ofengndlbda xdbda xdtv gdxvx ~dlj ontdljdln ibfa Os Sibbi Ed~ " xfisdlj }xngitfsd}nx

odsn Lfz ^isg , Odbde cvgvl~d ]izfs dlo Nllilhflhf " Os Ed~ eflvlkvggdl cdazd

on Defsngd Xfsngdt tfskdon gsnxnx gf}fshd~ddl onsn , Cdl~dg isdlj efsdxd cdazd onsnl~d

tnodg cfsod~d cfsadod}dl ofljdl jfkibdg gfanov}dl edx~dsdgdt ~dlj efbdlodl~dGftnodgcfsod~ddl nln ondstngdll~d xfcdjdn gftnodgevljgnldll~d vltvg efe}fljdsvan

isdlj bdnl " vltvg cfscnhdsd xfhdsd kvkvs odl vltvg efl~dtdgdl nofltntdx onsnl~d

Xfcdbngl~d " ~dlj tfskdon edbdadl " nd ontfbdl ibfa gfanov}dl edx~dsdgdtl~d " nd onjnsnlj

odl on}fljdsvan ibfa cfsedhde%edhde gfgvdtdl odsn bvds onsnl~d , Nd tnodg ede}veflibdg }fljdsva%}fljdsva ntv , Nd eflkdon ne}itflt odl anov}l~d xfstd onongtfgdl odsn

bvds ,

Ntvbda gfdoddl Efshfofx " xf}fstn onovjd ibfa Os Ed~ , _ftd}n gfdoddl nln od}dt onbdhdg

ibfa }fljdbdedl anov} Efshfofx xflonsn , _fsl~dtd gftngd edxna gfhnb" Efshfofx

onfgx}bintnxns ibfa d~da tnsnl~d , Xfeflkdg vxnd xfcfbdx tdavl nd onkdongdl }fbdhvs,Gdodlj%gdodlj d~da tnsnl~d efljvlodlj bdgn%bdgn gf svedal~d odl Efshfofx adsvx

efbd~dlnl~d" gftngd nd cdsv xdkd }vbdlj odsn xfgibda , Efshfofx tnodg tdav d}d dstn

xfevdl~d ntv , Nd oncndxdgdl ofljdl }ftvda " adsvx efecdbdx gfcdngdl d~da tnsnl~d odlnd tnodg cfsod~d vltvg efecfsiltdg odsn gfdoddl ntv , Odl xfeflkdg ntv" xfq tnodg

efe}vl~dn dstn cdjnl~d ,

Gftnodgcfsod~ddl edlvxnd {dedl xfgdsdlj ~dlj onbvgnxgdl ibfa Os Ed~ ofljdl dedt

efljfxdlgdl ntv sv}dl~d cfsxfxvdndl ofljdl jdecdsdl Edsxadbb Eh Bvadl odbde

cvgvl~d _af Jvtflcfsj Jdbdq~ " efljfldn }si`nb vtded edlvxnd ~dlj xfsdjde , Xfbdbvofljdl efljfecdbngdl }fsedxdbdadl }dod }fljdsva efond edxxd ~dlj cfjntv cfxds ,

Eh Bvadl cfs}flod}dt cdazd gfcvod~ddl tn}ijsd`n ! dbdt hftdg . tfbda eflonong

edx~dsdgdt eflkdon cfsefltdb xfsdjde odl efecfltvg }si`nb ~dlj eilitil xf}fstn

adbl~d avsv %avsv` ~dlj cfsofsft sd}n odbde xvdtv cvgv hftdgdl , Edlvxnd ~dlj xdtveflkdon ov}bngdt odsn edlvxnd bdnll~d , ]fengnsdl eiofsl dodbda }fengnsdl ~dlj

efecvkvs "bvsvx" }dxtn , bijnx odl sdxnildb , Nlnbda }ibd }fengnsdl efgdlnxtnx " ~dlj

cfsjfsdg dkfj odl efljadxnbgdl cdsdlj ~dlj xfbdbv ~dlj xded, Efond edxxdfbfgtsilngd xfedgnl efe}fshf}dt }sixfx eilitil nln , Gdsfld efond edxxd cfs`vljxn

efecvgd xftnd} gftfsxfecvl~ndl odl efe}sieixngdll~d on adod}dl edx~dsdgdt

veve" edgd edlvxnd xfedgnl gfanbdljdl hnsn%hnsn }sncdonl~d ~dlj gadx , Efond edxxdefecvdt edlvxnd xdbnlj efe}fljdsvan odl on}fljdsvan xfhdsd edxxdb Gfvlngdl

}sncdon onsde}dx xfongnt ofen xfongnt ,xfanljjd dgansl~d ond eflkdon tfbdlkdlj xded

xfgdbn ,

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]fljdsva gfcvod~ddl ~dlj ofengndl ntv tfsdxd }vbd odbde gfanov}dl xfq , Cvgdlgda xfq

efsv}dgdl hnsn gf}sncdondl ~dlj }dbnlj gadx 9 Edxdbda xfgxvdb dodbda edxdbda ~dlj

dedt }sncdon , Cvgdlgda odavbv xfq onxfecvl~ngdl sd}dt%sd}dt xfanljjd }sdgtnx eflkdonxdvtv sdadxnd ~dlj tdg tfskdeda 9 Odl isdlj ~dlj edxna efenbngn sdadxnd }sncdon

lde}dgl~d dodbda isdlj ~dlj edxna efsdxd gd~d " efe}vl~dn adsjd onsn , Gntd

tdav cftd}d edbvl~d ~dlj tfsciljgds sdadxnd }sncdon l~d , Nd gfanbdljdl adsjdonsn l~d , Ofengndlbda }si`nb edlvxnd odbde edx~dsdgdt ~dlj tfscvgd , Gdsfld vlxvs%

vlxvs gfsdadxnddl xvoda cfsgvsdlj dtdv tnodg dod xded xfgdbn " edgd avcvljdl xfq }vl

tnodg bdjn eflkdon avcvljdl }sncdon ~dlj gadx, Xfefltdsd ntv efltdbntdx efxnl efecvdtgfanov}dl xfq eflkdon eilitil kvjd , Xftnd} tnlodgdl xfq xfibda xfbdbv xded odl

eflkfevgdl " xf}fstn ~dlj ontvbnx odbde cvgv%cvgv " xf}fstn ~dlj ondbden ibfa isdlj%

isdlj bdnl " xf}fstn ~dlj onbnadt odbde `nbe odl xfcdjdnl~d , Gfjndtdl xfq tnodg

fgx}sfxn` bdjn , _fltv xdkd adb nln efecvdt isdlj `svxtdxn kvjd on cnodlj xfq , D}dbdjngdbdv cvgdl ne}itfltnd ~dlj onadxnbgdl 9

Os Ed~ eflhdtdt cdazd edlvxnd edv efljdtdxn gsnxnx odl ne}itfltnd ntv ofljdl bdsn

gf}dod tfglng , Efsfgd cfsadsd} tfglng od}dt eflibilj , Edgd oncvgdbda gbnlng%gbnlngxfq d bd Edxtfsx dlo Kialxil ~dlj efecfsngdl ldxfadt cdjdnedld hdsdl~d

cfsavcvljdl xfq , Icdt%icdt gvdt }vl evbdn on}siovxns xfhdsd cfxds%cfxdsdl ~dljeflkdlkngdl od~d tdadl ~dlj bded odl jdnsda evod gfecdbn , Gilxvbtdxn xfq odl xflde

xfq on}sieixngdl , _ftd}n d}dgda nln xfevd efefhdagdl edxdbda 9 Odbde cvgvl~d

~dlj bdnl ,Bipf dlo Znbb" Os Ed~ efbnadt odxds ~dlj bfcna eflodbde odsn xfevd gsnxnx

gfaflodg , Isdlj%isdlj odbde edx~dsdgdt tfscvgd nln efl~vgdn hnltd odl xfq " tftd}ntdl}d onxfstdn gfaflodg ,

Efbnadt vsdndl on dtdx lde}dgl~d cflds }flod}dt gfbie}ig nlon`fsfl ~dlj efl~dtdgdlcdazd gdbdv xfq oncvgd ofljdl jdecbdlj odl onxioisgdl cfjntv xdkd " edgd gntd eflkdon

tdav cdazd tnodg dod d}d%d}dl~d on odbde xfq ntv , ]fsl~dtddl ntv cflds " odbde dstn

cdazd isdlj eflkdon gfhfzd odl `svxtdxn xftfbda efbnadt odl efljdbden xflonsn xfq~dlj tfscvgd , Xfq ~dlj tfscvgd ntv tfsl~dtd efedlj eilitil odl eflkfevgdl , Odl

odbde dstn nlnbda xfq nln lde}dgl~d tnodg dod d}d%d}dl~d , Edlvxnd odbde edx~dsdgdt

~dlj efecfbd xfq tfscvgd efsdxd gfanbdljdl xfxvdtv ~dlj cfsadsjd , Gnln efsfgdtfsbdlkvs efecvgd xfq odl tnodg tdav bdjn edgld ~dlj bfcna kdva odsn ~dlj ontde}nbgdl

ntv , Odbde cvgv%cvgv efljfldn xfq ~dlj tfscnt cfbdgdljdl " }fljdsdlj%}fljdsdlj

eiofsl efljnltsiovxns xfeci~dl ~dlj cdsv ; xfq dx flki~eflt on xde}nlj lnbdn%lnbdn

bdnll~d , _ftd}n odbde }sdgtfg " xfq ~dlj tfscvgd tnodg bfcna odsn adl~d flki~eflt ,Dljgdtdl nlnbda ~dlj ibfa Sibbi Ed~ onxfcvt xfcdjdn ]vsntdlnxef Cdsv ! _af Lfz

]vsntdlnxef . , Xf}fstn adbl~d ]vsntdlnxef Bded efljvtvg xftnd} gftfsvxtfsdljdl

odbde adb xfq " edgd ]vsntdlnxef Cdsv }vl efljvtvg xftnd} gftfsxfecvl~ndl odbdeadb xfq , Xbijdl efsfgd efl~fsvagdl cdazd isdlj adsvx efe}vl~dn }fljdbdedl odl

}fljftdavdl xfcdl~dg%cdl~dg efljfldn xfq , Dgdl tftd}n kngd gftfscvgddl xfedhde nln

kvxtsv efljdgncdtgdl `svxtdxn " bdltdx edv d}d ofljdl xfq ~dlj tfscvgd 9

]fstdl~ddl nln xvljjva xvbnt vltvg onkdzdc , ]dsd }fecfbd gftfsvxtfsdljdl on odbde xfq

evljgnl dgdl efecfbd onsn bfzdt dsjvefl cnibijn xf}fstn on}d}dsgdl ibfa Ofxeil

Eissnx , Odbde }fl~dkndl ~dlj }i}vbfs " cvgv Eissnx " _af Ldgfo D}f, " tfltvbda

41:


14/32

efsv}dgdl cdhddl ~dlj efldsng , Eflvsvt Eissnx " edlvnxd odsn xvovt cnibijn " dodbda

edgabvg xfqvdb , Gfnxtnefzddl tvcva edlvxnd ntv tfsbftdg }dod xfql~d , Eissnx cdagdl

tfsdlj%tfsdljdl efljdtdgdl cdazd edlvxnd cdljjd gdsfld efe}vl~dn siljjd itdg~dlj }dbnlj cfxds odsn dltdsd }snedt%}snedt ~dlj bdnl " tftd}n bv}d cdazd ond kvjd

efe}vl~dn }flnx ~dlj }dbnlj cfxds odsn dltdsd }snedt%}snedt ntv ,

Ofljdl }fsl~dtddl ntv Eissnx lde}dgl~d edv efljngvtn bdljgda%bdljgda @sfvo bfzdt

kdbdl cnibijn , ]fecnhdsddll~d efljfldn xfq edlvxnd xvljjva%xvljjva }sipigdtn`

Ongdtdgdll~d cdazd cfscfod odsn }snedt%}snedt ~dlj bdnl " kflnx edlvxnd nln tnodgefe}vl~dn cvbv%cvbv ~dlj hvgv} bfcdt gfhvdbn }dod cdjndl%cdjndl gfhnb odsn tvcval~d

Adb nln efecvdt tvcva edlvxnd lde}dg evbvx odl xfqn " d}dbdjn }ixtvs tvcval~d ~dlj

tfjdg bvsvx ntv efecvdt cdjndl%cdjndl tvcval~d ~dlj efsdljxdlj tfscvgd bfcds cnbd

xdbnlj cfsadod}dl xdtv xded bdnl , Xfevd `vljxn xfqvdb edlvxnd tfsbftdg on of}dl " cdngodsn zdkda " odod edv}vl jflntdbl~d , Xfjdbd bn}dtdl odjnlj }dod zdkda edlvxnd

eflvsvt Eissnx eflkdon bdecdlj jflntdbnd odl ibfa gdsfld ntv efe}vl~dn `vljxn

xfqvdb ,

Dgdl tftd}n bdnl odsn }snedt%}snedt bdnll~d " kflnx edlvxnd tfsonong odbde ngdtdlgfgfbvdsjddl , Edgd vltvg eflkdenl ngdtdl " edlvxnd eflhn}tdgdl sfxtsngn%sftsngxn on

cnodlj xfq nxtsn%nxtsn efsfgd tnodg efl~fbfzflj dtdv onjdljjv xfbdjn efsfgd ontnljjdbcfscvsv " xvdtv adb ~dlj ~dlj dgdl efljji~dagdl ngdtdl gfbvdsjd , D}d ~dlj gntd

tfsned ofzdxd nln dodbda xnxd%xnxd odsn sfxtsng ntv , Efsfgd efecvdt }dgdndl }flvtv}

tvcva " efecvdt xi}dl%xdltvl vltvg efenltd edd` d}dcnbd tfskdon }fsxfltvadl tvcva

tdl}d onxfljdkd 7 }dsd zdlntd efecndxdgdl onsn eflvtv} evbvtl~d d}dcnbd tfstdzd odlcfsvxdad xfbdbv ovovg ofljdl gdgn tfsgdtv} 7 }dsd }snd efecndxdgdl onsn eflhvgvs odl

efljdtvs gvenx odl kfljjit djds `vljxn xfqvdbl~d ongvsdljn 7 efsfgd kvjd

efljjvldgdl zdljn%zdljndl vltvg efljftdavn cdv cdodll~d ~dlj efsdljxdlj xfqDgansl~d efsfgd kvjd efl~vxvl avgve%avgve odl bdsdljdl%bdsdljdl eisdb

efl~dljgvt xfqvdbntdx ,

Dgdl tftd}n eflvsvt Eissnx " sfxtsngxn%sfxtsngxn tfsl~dtd tnodg efljvsdljn oisiljdl xfq

efbdnlgdl adl~d eflfgdl dtdv efl~fecvl~ngdll~d , Xfcdc on bvds gfxdodsdll~d"

edlvxnd kvxtsv bfcna eflvlkvggdl oisiljdll~d ~dlj d{dxn ntv ofljdl eflilkibgdl xfjn%xfjn xfqvdbntdxl~d , CA " enxdbl~d " eflvsvt Eissnx " gfhvdbn vltvg eflvtv} kvjd

efedln}vbdxn cfltvg cvda odod zdlntd xfanljjd lde}dg bfcna eflilkib , Adg xf}dtv

~dlj tnljjn onedgxvogdl vltvg efe}fscfxds f`fg ji~dlj }nljjvb , Gisxft

efedln}vbdxn cfltvg }nljjdlj xfanljjd lde}dg bfcna sde}nlj , Bn}xtnhg odl jnlhvefevbdx cncns odl }n}n vltvg efe}fsibfa zdsld ~dlj efsdljxdlj odl xfcdjdnl~d ,

Odbde ntv xfevd" edlvxnd xfibda cfstdsvlj dltdsd efe}fstdadlgdl ngdtdl gfgfbvdsjddlofljdl efldadl onsn on cnodlj xfq odl eflvsvt gfhiloiljdl xfqvdbl~d , Cfjntv

cdl~dgl~d sftsngx odbde cnodlj xfqvdbntdx on xdtv }nadg odl }flilkibdl xfqvdbntdx on bdnl

}nadg tfbda efljdgncdtgdl xvdtv xvdxdld giltsdongxn ~dlj efljjfbnagdl , _ftd}neflvsvt Eissnx " giltsdongxn nln od}dt cfskdbdl gdsfld ofljdl eiof }dgdndl " dbdt%dbdt

gixeftngd odl xdsdld%xdsdld vltvg efe}fshdltng onsn ~dlj bdnll~d ntv " edlvxnd adl~d

edv efl~dtdgdl cdazd onsnl~d edgabvg xfqn" odl tnodg cfsdln efbdljgda bfcna kdva odsn

ntv , ! Xvondsokd" 4>18 ; ??? ??1 .

411


15/32

Oienldxn bdgn%bdgn efbdbvn zdhdld

Xvljjva efl~dgntgdl cdazd odbde v}d~d efljjdecdsgdl gfcdadjndl onsnl~d"}fsfe}vdl adsvx eflibfa gf}dod bdgn%bdgn vltvg cnxd eflfevgdl gdtd ~dlj tf}dt odl

onxftvkvn , Ade}ns xfevd ngbdl }siovg gfhdltngdl " }dgdndl " }fsbfljgd}dl }fsfe}vdl"

xfbdbv onvgvs gfcfsadxnbdll~d odsn gfede}vdl }fedgdnl~d efengdt bdgn%bdgn , Vltvgefl~fcvt cdjndl%cdjndl odsn tvcval~d " cdagdl ~dlj }dbnlj nltne " }fsfe}vdl efedgdn

gdtd%gdtd ~dlj on}nbna ibfa bdgn%bdgn , ]fljvdxddl dtdx zdhdld eflkdongdl oienldxn bdgn%

bdgn xfdgdl%dgdl xfcdjdn xfxvdtv ~dlj dbdenda odl cnxd ontfsned , Cdagdl xntvdxn }dbnlj

efl~ngxd odl tdg cnxd ontibfsdlxn }vl cnxd tde}dg zdkds , Xfisdlj }fsfe}vdl sfbdefldljjvlj edbv odl tnodg edv efljvljgd}gdl lded gfgdxna ~dlj efljadenbnl~d "

xv}d~d lded cdng odl gdsnfs bdgn%bdgn ntv tdg tfsliodn ,

Oienldxn bdgn%bdgn xfedhde nln" xfcftvbl~d efsv}dgdl gfgfsdxddl , Ibfa ]nfssf Cisonfvgfgfsdxdl nln onxfcvt gfgfsdxdl xnecibnx dtdv gfgfsdxdl ~dlj tdg gdxdt edtd

Gfgfsdxdl xfedhde nln ibfa giscdll~d ! gdve }fsfe}vdl . cdagdl tnodg onbnadt dtdvtnodg onsdxdgdl xfcdjdn gfgfsdxdl " tftd}n xfcdjdn xfxvdtv ~dlj dbdenda odl zdkds Cdazd

}fsfe}vdl tnljjdb on sveda vltvg efljvsvx dldg%dldg odl sveda tdljjd ontfsned

xfcdjdn xfxvdtv ~dlj xvoda xfefxtnl~d 7 sf}sfxfltdxn _vadl ~dlj efljdhv }dod kflnx

gfbdenl bdgn%bdgn tnodg }fsbv on}fstdl~dgdl bdjn , Gnxda tfltdlj }fsfe}vdl ~dljonhn}tdgdl odsn tvbdlj svxvg bdgn%bdgn odbde Gntdc Gfkdondl adsvx ontfsned xfcdjdn

Zda~v " odl xfcdjdnl~d , Gilxf}xn dltsi}ibijnx " xixnibijnx" odl tfibijnx tfltdlj

avcvljdl bdgn%bdgn odl }fsfe}vdl ~dlj tnodg efljvltvljgdl }fsfe}vdl nln tfltv xdkdefe}vl~dn ne}bngdxn ~dlj odbde " ~dntv gfgfsdxdl" edgd }fsbv onciljgds ,

On cdbng gilxf}xn tfsxfcvt " tfsxfecvl~n dljjd}dl xfibda%ibda }fsvcdadl odsn xfkdsdatfsxfcvt efsv}dgdl }sixfx ~dlj dbdenda 7 }fsnxtnzd xfibda%ibda xfxvdtv ~dlj xvoda

xfefxtnl~d , Dljjd}dl tfltdlj ~dlj dbdenda " ~dlj xvoda xfefxtnl~d ntv eflkdon entix

~dlj onovgvlj ibfa zdhdld ~dlj ongvdxdn bdgn%bdgn ontfsned odl onovgvlj ibfa xtsvgtvsxixnicvod~d odl }fljisjdlnxdxndl edx~dsdgdt , Entix }fecdjndl gfskd odbde cfltvg

tvjdx sveda tdljjd cdjn }fsfe}vdl odl dgtnpntdx }vcbng vltvg bdgn%bdgn evbdn tfsciljgds

]fecdjndl xfedhde ntv tfsl~dtd efsv}dgdl `dgtd xfkdsda ~dlj cnxd onvcda " cvgdl

tdtdldl dbdenda , Edgd "efeciljgds gftnodgdonbdl jflofs efsv}dgdl tnlodgdl ~dljcnxd ontd`xnsgdl xfcdjdn }fecfsiltdgdl tfsadod} tdtdldl ~dlj dod ,

Hnsn%hnsn ~dlj efecfodgdl bdgn%bdgn odsn }fsfe}vdl xfsnlj onsvevxgdl xfhdsd }ixntn`odbde isjdlnxdxn edx~dsdgdt , Cfltvg tvcva bdgn%bdgn eflfevgdl dtvsdl ednl odbde

gfcdl~dgdl hdcdlj ibdasdjd 7 xngbvx anov} bdgn%bdgn eflfltvgdl odbde eflof`nlnxngdl

x~dsdt%x~dsdt gfcfsadxnbdl }si`fxxnildb 7 gfadonsdll~d eflfltvgdl vtva%tnodgl~dgfcfsdoddl xvdtv gfbvdsjd 7 djsfxnpntdx odl oienldxnl~d eflof`nlxngdl d}d ~dlj onxfcvt

xfkdsda , Efedlj " xfevd hnsn nln tnodg tfstvtv} cdjn }fsfe}vdl " dstnl~d }fsfe}vdl kvjd

cnxd efbdgvgdl odl eflhd}dn gfcfsadxnbdl ~dlj xded" tftd}n tvkvdl%tvkvdll~d odbde

gfl~dtddl "onodxdsgdl }dod gf}fltnljdl odl lnbdn%lnbnd bdgn%bdgn , Kvxtsv gftnodgdonbdll~d

41>


16/32

tfsbftdg }dod gfxdl xfdgdl%dgdl efecfsn gfxfe}dtdl ~dlj xded gf}dod }fsfe}vdl

cfsdod odbde }ixnxn ~dlj tnodg onvltvljgdl gdsfld xfbvsva edx~dsdgdt xfhdsd xnxtfedtnx

bfcna efecfsn }fbvdlj gf}dod bdgn%bdgn ofljdl of`nlnxnl~d tfltdlj eisdb" gfskd " gdsnfs "gf}dltdxdl odl kdxd,

Oienldxn efbdbvn zdhdld eflfltvgdl odbde }flof`nlnxndl }fljisjdlnxdxndl edx~dsdgdtodl }fecdjndl gfskd , Xfsnlj gntd eflofljds xfisdlj nxtsn efljdtdgdl xvdenl~d xftvkv

cdazd ond eflfsvxgdl gdsnfsl~d " xfdgdl%dgdl cdjn }fsfe}vdl " eflfgvln }si`fxnl~d

ntv eflkdon evljgnl gdsfld cfbdx gdxna xdlj xvden , Efljd}d kvxtsv tnodg efljdodngdl~dlj xfcdbngl~d cdazd efbdbvn }si`fxnl~d ntv }fsfe}vdl eflhd}dn }feflvadl onsn

Bdgn%bdgn ntv cnxd eflkdon xvdenl~d kvxtsv gdsfld eflfsnedl~d xfhdsd vtva tfsedxvg

}si`fxn ntv , Odsn }fecdbngdl zdhdld xf}fstn ntv tde}dg cdazd }fskvdljdl vltvg

gfxftdsddl }fsfe}vdl tnodg cnxd adl~d cfsafltn }dod }feflvadl adg%adg }fsfe}vdl "tftd}n adsvx xde}dn }dod }feciljgdsdl xnxtfe }flnlodxdl ntv xflonsn ~dntv oienldxn

zdhdld ibfa bdgn%bdgn " ~dlj efsv}dgdl gfgfsdxdl xnecibnx ,

]dod odxdsl~d gfgfsdxdl xnecibnx cfsbdljxvlj gdsfld gftnodgtdavdl odl }fljdgvdl odsn~dlj ontnlodx , Kdon " xfcftvbl~d bijngd oienldxn nln cnxd cfskdbdl gdsfld }snlxn} xnecibnx

~dlj ongftdavn odl ontfsned cdng ibfa ~dlj efljvdxdn edv}vl ~dlj ongvdxdn , ]snlxn}xnecibnx ntv cfsv}d cdadxd" jd~d anov} " hdsd cfs}ngns " hdsd cfstnlodg " odl gf}fenbngdl

~dlj gadx }dod gfbie}ig tfstfltv dtdx odxds hnsn gftvcvadl ,

Zdhdld bdgn%bdgn eflongtf hdsd cfs}ngns " hdsd cfstnlodg cdagdl cdadxd }fsfe}vdl Xvdtvgftnodg}vdxdl dtdv }sitfx adsvx onkfbdxgdl ofljdl dsjvefl ~dlj efbdlodxgdl }dod

bijngd ~dlj oncdljvl ibfa bdgn%bdgn ,Xfcvda tdljnxdl tnodg hvgv} cnxd efbvgnxgdl

gf}fonadl ~dlj odbde 7 gfgfbvdl bnoda gdsfld }flofsntddl tnodg ondljjd} hvgv}efljjfsdggdl fe}dtn 7 eflibdg efbd~dln xvden tnodg ede}v efecvdt bdgn%bdgn efsdxd

cfsxdbda , Bdgn%bdgn eflvltvt dbdxdl odl }flkfbdxdl , Ofljdl ofcdt odl dov dsjvefl"

ntvbda hdsd bdgn%bdgn efefldljgdl lnbdn%lnbdnl~d , Edgd " cflds xdsdl Dllnf Bfhbfshgftngd efljdtdgdl " Kdljdl cfs}fsdlj efbdzdl bdgn%bdgn , Adb ntv kvxtsv efsv}dgdl hdsd

ond vltvg eflfjdxgdl onsn , Efecvlva vltvg anov} , Hvgv} gntd gvsdljn nxn lnbdn%

lnbdnl~d ofljdl eflfstdzdgdll~d , Ldxfadt ntv edv eflhfjda }fsfe}vdl djds tnodgtfskfcdg gf odbde }fsdljgd} zdhdld bdgn%bdgn ~dlj }vl~d }sftflxn lftsdb , ]dodadb

zdhdld tnodg cfcdx lnbdn " xfbdbv efecdzd gf}fltnljdl ,

Gftngd }fsfe}vdl edxvg odbde onldengd zdhdld bdgn%bdgn " ond tvlovg odbde gdtfjisn%gdtfjisn ~dlj tfbda ontftd}gdll~d , Cnbd }fsfe}vdl eflftd}gdl xgfed }fengnsdl ~dlj

efsv}dgdl adxnb oienldxn " ond xvoda gdbda xfcfbve efbdzdl bdgn%bdgn , Gftngd

}fengnsdl odl }fsxf}xn }fsfe}vdl tfsxtsvgtvs xfxvdn ofljdl xtsvgtvs avcvljdl oienldxn"v}d~d vltvg efljftdavn cfsdstn xded xdkd ofljdl xfcvda }fljdgvdl odl gftfstvlovgdl"

gdsfld }fsfe}vdl adsvx efljjvldgdl gixd gdtd odl gdtfjisn ~dlj oncdljvl ibfa bdgn%

bdgn , Gfxftdsddl jflofs ~dlj ondstngdl xfcdjdn tvltvtdl dgdl }feflvadl adg%adg ~dljxded kvxtsv dgdl eflkfcdg }fsfe}vdl odbde bijngd zdhdld bdgn%bdgn , _fskfcdg gdsfld

}fscflodadsdl gdtd odl gdtfjisn ~dlj on}dgdn efsv}dgdl cdjndl odsn ovlnd bdgn%bdgn Adg

cvgdl efsv}dgdl dlvjfsda " tftd}n xfxvdtv ~dlj adsvx on}fskvdljgdl , ]fskvdljdl

4>=


17/32

efljdlodbgdl djsfxnpntdx " xvdtv cfltvg xv}fsnisntdx `nxng ,Dxvexn nln kvxtsv efecfsngdl

}fecfldsdl gf}dod bdgn%bdgn vltvg eflfltvgdl avgve odl efecfsbdgvgdll~d ,

Gfxdodsdl dgdl adg%adg ~dlj onxftdsdgdl ofljdl bdgn%bdgn cnxd eflkfcdg }fsfe}vdl}dod }fljdgvdl dtdx xtdlods ~dlj ontfltvgdl ibfa bdgn%bdgn, Edgd vljgd}dl%vljgd}dl

xf}fstn xnd}dgda ~dlj adsvx edkv cfs}fsdlj gdbdv lfjdsd nln onxfsdlj 9 Xnd}d

cfstdljjvlj kdzdc cnbd gfbvdsjd tnodg cnxd efeflvan gfcvtvadll~d 9 Xnd}dgda ~dljzdknc efbdgvgdl silod edbde 9 Vljgd}dl%vljgd}dl tfsxfcvt edv efecfsn bfjntnedxn

dtdx}sfpnbfxf ~dlj ontfsned bdgn%bdgn , Kdon gdbdv }fsfe}vdl efljnljnlgdll~d " nd bfcna

ovbv adsvx efeflvan x~dsdt%x~dsdt xf}fstn ~dlj onbdgvgdl bdgn%bdgn , X~dsdt%x~dsdt ntvxfcftvbl~d oncvdt xfxvdn ofljdl `nxnibijn odl gf}fltnljdl bdgn%bdgn " gfevondl

onbfecdjdgdl odbde nlxntvxn%nlxntvxn xixndb xfanljjd ontfsned ibfa edx~dsdgdt ,

Gdbdv }fsfe}vdl eflvltvt gfxftdsddl jflofs " efsfgd adsvx evbdn ofljdl efecdljvlzdhdld cdsv ~dlj ede}v efeciljgds nlxntvxn%nlxntvxn xixndb ~dlj oncdljvl ibfa bdgn%

bdgn , ]feciljgdsdl ntv }fsbv gdsfld gftngd eflof`nlxngdl }fsdl%}fsdl odbde nlxntvxn%

nlxntvxn xixndb ntv gsntfsnd ~dlj on}dgdn onxfxvdngdl ofljdl lnbdn%lnbdn odl gf}fltnljdl%

gf}fltnljdl bdgn%bdgn , Xvdtv vlnpfsxntdx dgdl cfs}ngns ovd gdbn xfcfbve efl~fgibdagdlxfisdlj oixfl }fsfe}vdl ~dlj edxna bdkdlj " gdsfld kdljdl%kdljdl xftfbda onxfgibdagdl

odl gfevondl eflngda " ond dgdl efljngvtn xvdenl~d ~dlj tnljjdb on gitd bdnl , Ade}nsodbde xfevd djded" }fsdl vtded dod on tdljdl bdgn%bdgn d}d }vl bdlodxdl tfibijnxl~d ,

Efxgn}vl }fsx}fgtn` tfibijnx efecfsn }fsdl gadx odl tfsaisedt gf}dod }fsfe}vdl "

~dlj kfbdx cvgdl }fsdl }fljdecnb gf}vtvxdl , Nlxntvxn xixndb" nlxntvxn djded " odl }si`fxn"

efe}vl~dn xfkdsda , Xfkdsda onxvxvl eflvsvt gf}fltnljdl ~dlj gvdt ,

Cnbd xfkdg dzdb nlxntvxn%nlxntvxn xixndb odl }si`fxn onof`nlnxngdl dtdx odxds gf}fltnljdl

odl lnbdn%lnbdn bdgn%bdgn " edgd odbde }fsgfecdljdll~d ~dlj tfskdon bfcna xvdtv }sixfxonxgvdbn`ngdxn }fsfe}vdl, Xntvdxn cnibijnx " }xngibijnx " odl gie}ftflxn odsn }fsfe}vdl

ondljjd} tnodg gilovxn dtdv tnodg xfxvdn ofljdl tvltvtdl odl gvdbn ngdxn ~dlj

onnx~dsdtgdl , Gdbdv xfkdg dzdb }fsfe}vdl ngvt eflfevgdl odl eflof`nlnxngdll~d" hvtnadenb dtdv hvtn efefbnadsd dldg gfhnb tnodg dgdl eflkdon vdtv gfbfedadl ~dlj

efl~fcdcgdl xfisdlj edldkfs ASO dgdl bfcna xvgd efenbna hdbil gds~dzdl bdgn%bdgn

odsn}dod }fsfe}vdl , Zdhdld cnxd eflkdon xvecfs gfgfsdxdl xnecibnx , Isdlj tnodgefl~dodsn " gdsfld oienldxn zdhdld ibfa bdgn%bdgn" }fsfe}vdl tfsxnljgns efbdbvn }sixfx

~dlj bfjntne , Xfdgdl%dgdl gdsfld gfbfedadl odl gfxdbdadl }fsfe}vdl edsjnldbnxdxn ntv

tfskdon , ]sixfx edln}vbdtn`l~d tfsbftdg }dod tsdonxn odl gfcndxddl ~dlj efbfjntnedxn bdgn%

bdgn vltvg eflof`nlnxngdl }fsdl " gfskd " kdxd " odl lised,

Zdhdld efecdljvl xtsvgtvs gfanov}dl ~dlj efljgilonxngdl odl cnxd efljadbdljn

}fskvdljdl gdve }fsfe}vdl , _fe}isdbntdx eflkdon hnsn xfcvda zdhdld gdsfld zdhdldxfbdbv onl~dtdgdl odbde zdgtv tfstfltv odl efe}vl~dn gfxfkdsdal~d , ]flnlodxdl

efbdbvn zdhdld ntv tde}dg kfbdx odsn }fljdbdedl bnljgv} }vcbng cdazd xvc~fg

}fecnhdsd onoienldxn ibfa bdgn%bdgn , Gdbdv bdgn%bdgn efloienldxn zdhdld" edgd dhvdl }dod ovlnd ~dlj nljnl onjdecdsgdl dtdv onsf}sfxfltdxngdl tfltv xfxvdn ofljdl

gfnljnldl" gf}fltnljdl " odl lnbdn%lnbdn bdgn%bdgn ,

4>4


18/32

D}d ~dlj tfskdon gdbdv bdgn%bdgn efloienldxn eiofb }fedadedl dgdl gf~dgnldl%

gf~dgnldl eisdb odl gijlntn` tfltdlj edlvxnd" edx~dsdgdt odl ovlnd xfstd avcvljdl

dltdsd gftnjd adb ntv 9 Nofibijnxdxn efsv}dgdl }sixfx ~dlj efbfgdt }dod xfevd cfltvg}fengnstdl ~dlj efbncdtgdl onsn xn }fecnhdsd vltvg efenadg , Edgd gfhflofsvljdl

}adb bihfltsnxef xf}fstn adbl~d nofibijn bdnll~d ~dntv tnodg tsdlx}dsdl xfanljjd

efl~fcdcgdl gfbdecdldl , Edgxvol~d xfxvdtv ~dlj cdsv tnodg cnxd ontfsned dtdvonnltfjsdxngdl ibfa nofibijn cnbd tnodg xfxvdn ofljdl tn}f%tn}f ~dlj xvoda ontfltvgdl

ibfal~d " ~dlj on~dgnln xfcdjdn flod}dl }fljdbdedl xixndb , _vltvtdl gfxftdsddl jflofs

dgdl ondljjd} xfcdjdn }fl~ne}dljdl gdsfld tnodg xfxvdn ofljdl }fsdl }fsfe}vdlxf}fstn xvoda onjdsnxgdl dodt " gfcndxddl " tsdonxn " dtdv djded,

Odbde giltfgx ntv" }adb bihfltsnxef efenbngn hnsn ~dlj xded ofljdl nofibijn ~dlj

onxnevbdxn ;;efl~fecvl~ngdl gfl~dtddl%gfl~dtddl ~dlj cflds%cflds onad~dtn ibfagfbie}ig }fsfe}vdl " ~dntv gftnodgdonbdl odl dx}nsdxn dgdl gfxftdsddl jflofs , Dx}nsdxn

odl gfl~dtdl cdsv ntv tnodg cnxd onnltfjsdxngdl ibfa xgfed }flvltvl nofibijn bdgn%bdgn ,

Kdzdcdl odsn efsfgd ~dlj tnodg xftvkv tfsadod} tvltvtdl }fldacnxdl }dxtis }fsfe}vdl

efsv}dgdl hiltia efldsng odl `vljxn onxnevbdxn nofibijn 7 tvltvtdl ntv adl~d dgdlefecdzd }fs}fhdadl on odbde Jfsfkd Gdtibng7 vedt cfbve xnd} eflfsned }fsvcdadl

xf}fstn ntv 7 adsvx oncfodgdl dltdsd zdhdld }dod tdtdsdl xixnibijnx odl tdtdsdl tfibijnx 7tvltvtdl ntv efl~ne}dlj odsn tsdonxn ~dlj xvoda cfsdcdo%dcdo , Xftnd} gfbie}ig

efenbngn hnsn%hnsn istioigxn odl tnodg tibfsdl cnbd tfsxnljgns , _vltvtdl gfxftdsddl jflofs

odsn }fsfe}vdl efljdlhde }fsdl odl oienldxn bdgn%bdgn ofljdl xfjdbd lngedt xixndbl~d

Cvgdl adl~d ntv " gfcdsvdl cnxd ondljjd} xfcdjdn dlhdedl gdsfld cnxd efljdgncdtgdlbdgn%bdgn tnodg cnxd efljfldb onsnl~d gfecdbn " ~dlj xfcfbvel~d ondljjd} hnsn gadx, Hnsn

onxnevbdxn }adb bihfltsnxef ntv bfcna tfsdxd odbde avcvljdll~d ofljdl }fsdl oienldxn

~dlj tfsgdnt ofljdl ansdsgn xvdtv isjdlnxdxn xixndb , Cndxdl~d d}d ~dlj ontd`xnsgdl odleflod}dt }fecfldsdl onsn nofibijn dodbda avcvljdl gfgvdxddl ,

Vltvg gfbvds odsn }flnlodxdl odl gftnodgdonbdl ~dlj ondgncdtgdl ibfa zdhdld bdgn%bdgn "hdsd ~dlj evljgnl ndbda efbdgvgdl }fld`xnsdl gfecdbn zdhdld tfsxfcvt , Nln cfsdstn

efld`xns vbdlj }fengnsdl%}fengnsdl `nbxd`dt " tfibijn " }siovg%}siovg avgve " lised%

lised " eisdb odl djded , ]fld`xnsdl ntv }fstded%tded adsvx efe}fsantvljgdl vlxvsgfxfkdsdadl odl }fedadedl 7 gfovd efbdgvgdl gsntng nofibijn 7 gftnjd efljdodgdl

ofgiltsvgxn dtdv }feciljgdsdl zdhdld bdgn%bdgn ,! Ads~dteigi " 3==8 ; 4: 3= .

Xfq odl Cnldtdljnxef

D}d ~dlj tfskdon on gfanov}dl xddt nln" tfsvtded on gitd%gitd cfxds " efe}fsbnadtgdlcftd}d xfq eflkdon jfbiecdlj cfxds ~dlj efbdlod gfanov}dl xftnd} edlvxnd , Gntd tncd%

tncd xdkd tfbda tfljjfbde on odbdel~d " }fsxnx xf}fstn gntd tfljjfbde odbde jfbiecdlj

gilxvefsnxef odl afoilnxef ~dlj onadltdegdl cdodn gd}ntdbnxef gf xfjfld} }flkvsvovlnd , Xfq kvjd tfbda eflkdon bdvtdl xfedhde gilxvefsnxef odl afoilnxef , Dod

}vxdsdl%}vxdsdl ~dlj cnxd efldsng od eflfljjfbdegdl xnd}d }vl ~dlj edxvg gf

odbdel~d , _nodg dod cdtdx ~dlj kfbdx dltdsd afoilnxef " bdvtdl gilxvefsnxef" odl

4>3


19/32

bdvtdl xfq , Gftnjdl~d dodbda bdvtdl tdl}d cdtdx , Evdsdl~d evljgnl dodbda gfxfsdagddl

odbde knzd xftnd} edlvxnd ,

Ldevl" cfscfod ofljdl afoilnxef odl gilxvefsnxef ~dlj edtfsndbnxtng " xfq edv tdg

edv efbncdtgdl gie}bfgxntdx }fsdxddl edlvxnd ,Xfg cdagdl efljdovg%dovg feixn%

feixn tfsodbde ~dlj evljgnl tdg tfsxfltva ibfa afoilnxef odl gilvefsnxef ~dljedtfsndbnxtng , Xfq" gdsfldl~d " bfcna evoda efecvdt xfxfisdlj bv}d odsdtdl , dod tdad}

nln " cfscdjdn tsdjfon odbde anov} edlvxnd eflkdon sdlkdv%sdlkdv ~dlj xnd} efbfodg odl

efljadlhvsgdl xnd}d }vl }vl ~dlj efljnlkdgl~d , Edlvxnd eflkdon xdljdt sd}vaAvcvljdl dltds edlvxnd kvjd sd}vna , ]fshfsdndl efljdlhde xftnd} }fsgdznldl odsn

zdgtv gf zdgtv , Hnltd eflkdon nbvxn ~dlj onjfsijitn xfq gdsfld hnltd kvjd dodbda cdjndl

odsn feixn%feixn tfsodbde odbde onsn xftnd} edlvxnd on edld xfq{ efljdovg%dovgl~d

ofljdl xnxtfe ~dlj tdg tfscdhd ,

Evljgnl" }dod odxdsl~d edlvxnd efedlj edabvg ~dlj sd}va , ]fsdlj dltdsd }ngnsdl

odl }fsdxddl dodbda }fsdlj ~dlj tdg }fslda vxdn , Gfefldljdl }ngnsdl gfcdl~dgdl

adl~d gfefldljdl%gfefedljdl gfhnb ~dlj xfxddt , Bdbv }fsdxddl gfecdbn efefjdljgflodbn , Bdbv xfq gfecdbn efljdovg%dovgl~d ofljdl xnxtfe ~dlj tdg tfscdhd ibfa

}ngnsdl , Gfsd} " gfxfsdgdadl ngvt efljdhdvgdl odl efe}fs}dsda gfdoddl , Bdbvxfisdlj bfbdgn gfecdbn efsdxd kdtva hnltd gftngd xfisdlj }fsfe}vdl efljade}nsnl~d

Bdbv xfisdlj }fsfe}vdl efsdxd tfsjiod gftngd xfisdlj bfbdgn evlhvb efl~fsvdg odsn

svtnlntdx gfanov}dll~d ~dlj efecixdgdl , ]fsdlj dltdsd }ngnsdl odl }fsdxddl gfecdbn

cfsgfhdevg cdjdn bnoda d}n ~dlj eflknbdt tvcva Xnltd odbde Xnltd Icilj,

Xfq eflkdon tfed cfxds odbde osded gfanov}dl edlvxnd xddt nln, ]ngnsdl%}ngnsdl

edlvxnd }nvl cfbdgdljdl eflkdon bfcna xfqvdb xdgnlj cfxdsl~d tfed xfq efloienldxngfanov}dl , Odbde xntvdxn nln" gfgvdxddl }vl eflkdon bfcvs odbde tfed cfxds tfsxfcvt ,

]fengnsdl xfqvdb xfcdjdn xtsdtfjn gvdxd vltvg efljdtvs odl efljgiltsib anov} edlvxnd

evbdn tfscfltvs ibfa }fsgfecdljdl sfdbntdx ~dlj tfskdon xddt nln , Lnbdn%lnbdn eisdb " lnbdn%lnbdn djded ~dlj eflhicd efljdtvs gfanov}dl xfq edlvxnd " kvjd xfedgnl tfscfltvs

ibfa gfl~dtddl ~dlj xded xfgdbn cfscfod ,_dtdldl gfanov}dl kfbdx xfgdbn xfedgnl

cfsjfxfs odl cfsvcda , Evljgnl " nlnbda ddtl~d edlvxnd efecvdt xfcvda tdtdldlgfanov}dl cdsv , Xfcvda tdtdldl cdsv ~dlj efljdgieiodxn odl efecfsngdl }isxn bfcna

cfxds }dod giosdt edlvxnd xfcdjdn edabvg xfqvdb ,

]flofzddl }dod }fljvcdsdl ld`xv xfhdsd ld efsv}dgdl }fecndsdl }dod ldbvsngfcnltdljdl edlvxnd ,, Odbde }fsnbdgv xfq " ldbvsn gfcnldtdljdl edlvxnd cfs}fsdl hvgv}

cfxds xfanljjd eflvljgnlgdl }fsnbdgv xfqvdb ~dlj csvtdb xfgdbn}vl , ]fefsngixddl

tfsadod} dldg cdbntd ~dlj edgnl gfsd} tfskdon ofzdxd nln " gdxvx%gdxvx nlxhft "}fefsgixddl enxxdb xf}fstn ~dlj tfskdon }fsnxtnzd 48 Efn 4>>1 " gdxvx%gdxvx oiefxtnh

pnibflhf " dodbda }fsnbdgv xfqvdb ~dlj onoisilj ibfa ldbvsn gfcnldtdljdl ~dlj xdbda

Xdbda" gdsfld " adl~d edlvxnd ~dlj efbdgvgdl }fsnbdgv%}fsnbdgv csvtdb xfedhde ntv ,Cnldtdlj tnodg efbdgvgdll~d , ]ibd }fsnbdgv xfq cnldtdlj xdljdt kfbdx cdtdxdl%

cdtdxdll~d odl xdljdt ontfltvgdl ibfa evxne dtdv }fsniof , Edlvxnd tnodg , Eiodbntdx

fgx}sfxn " xfqvdbl~d xdljdt tnodg tfs}ibd , Xdljdt `bfgxncfb odl bvdx , Edlvxnd tnodg

efljfldb evxne gdznl, Edlvxnd cnxd gdznl gd}dl }vl ,

4>8


20/32

Nxtnbda ldbvsn gfcnldtdljdl ~dlj efljdhv }dod xfqvdbntdx edlvxnd eflkdon tnodg tf}dt

odl adsvx onoflnxngdl ofljdl kfbdx , Xfcdjdn edabvg xfqvdb " edlvxnd dodbda x}fqnfx

cnldtdlj tfsxflonsn ~dlj cnxd eflkdon bfcna csvtdb odsn cnldtdlj }dbnlj cvdx xfgdbn}vl ,Odl gdsfl xfq eflvsvt @ivhdvbt dodba xfcfltvg }fsedndl gfgvdxddl ," edgd odbde

zdhdld }ibntng xfcdjdn }dljjvlj gfgvdxddl gntd kvjd cnxd efbnadt gfcnldtdljdl edlvxnd

ofljdl kfbdx , ]ibntng gfevondl gfsd} eflkdongdl edlvxnd xdljdt gfkde , Gvdbntdxgfgfkdedl nln kvjd evlhvb odbde }fsnbdgv xfqvdb tfstfltv ~dlj gfsd} eflkdon afdobnlf

on gisdl%gisdl gvlnlj" xf}fstn ]ix Gitd " Bde}v Efsda " odl bdnl%bdnl ,

Xfcdjdn cnldtdlj xfq" fgxnxtflxn edlvxnd hde}vs dovg ofljdl fgxnxtflxn edlvxnd xfcdjdnedabvg }dbnlj bvavs on evgd cven , ]fshde}vsdl nln xf}fstn eflhde}vs enl~dg odl dns

_nodg l~decvlj , Enl~dg tftd} enl~dg odl dns tftd} dns Gfovd vlxvs ntv tdg evljgnl

cfsxfl~dzd xfcdjdnedld gilxf} gfbvavsdl odl gfcldtdljdl odbde }fljfstndl veve ,

]fenxdadl gilxf} gfbvavsdl odl gfcnldtdljdl dodbda xfxvdtv ~dlj cdgv odbdeedx~dsdgdt gntd , Gfbvavsdl cfsdstn fl~dal~d gfcnldtdljdl odl gfcnldtdljdl cfsdtv

afljgdljl~d gfbvavsdl , _ftd}n gfcnldtdljdl tdg cflds%cflds fl~da odsn odbde edlvxnd"kvjd gfbvavsdl , Gfcnldtdljdl adl~d cnxd onnljgdsn xfhdsd tfe}isfs odl }fsnionh , ]dod

xfcdjdndl edlvxnd " gfcndltdljdl evljgnl cnxd onknldgdl xfhdsd l~dsnx }fsedlflt ,

]dod xfcdjndl edlvxnd bdnl" gfcnldtdljdl evljgnl edbda gfsd} efljfl~dagdl ,

]fsnbdgv xfq edlvxnd cfsdod odbde gftfjdljdl tdsng%efldsng dltdsd gfcnldtdljdl odl

gfbvavsdl tfsxfcvt , Odl nln cfsbdgv }dod xfevd edlvxnd tdl}d efedlodlj }dljgdt

"ofsdkdt odsda" tnljgdt }flonongdl " kflnx gfbdenl " djded" xvgv " sdx " dtdv}vl `dgtis%`dgtis }fecfod bdnll~d ,Gftfjdljdl tdsng%efldsng nlnbda ~dlj efevljgnlgdl fgx}bisdxn

odbde }fsnbdgv xfqvdb edlvxnd cfsgfecdlj odbde cfscdjdn cfltvg " pdsndxn " ofljdl

}fljds~a `dgtis%`dgtis on bvds xfqvdbntdx ntv xflonsn , Cnbd vlxvsf }fljdsval~d cfsxvecfsodsn gfgfsdxdl edgd tfskdonbdaxfqvdb dcvxf" xdiedxihanxef " dtdv dljfs sd}f Cnbd ~dlj

efe}fljdsvan enxdbl~d sdxd xdgnt tfsadod} bdzdl kflnx " cnxd kdon ~dlj evlhvb dodbda

avcvljdl xfq xfkflnx dtdv aieixfqvdb " dtdv cnxd kvjd }fsnbdgv }bd~ ci~ dtd~ }ftvdbdljdlxfq , Nln tfsjdltvlj }dod giltfgx tdsng%efldsng dltdsd gfcnldtdljdl odl gfbvavsdl ~dlj

tfljda cfsgfhdevg odbde onsn edlvxnd ~dlj cfsxdljgvtdl , ! Jvldzdl" 3==8 ; 8? 8: .

_fglibijn Gfgvdxddl odl Ldbvsn Xfq

Efbdbvn tfglibijn " gfgvdxddl efecvkvg " efsd~v " odl ef~dgnlgdl , Gfgvdxddl od}dtonnofltngdl efbdbvn tfglng ~dlj on}dgdn vltvg eflhd}dn tvkvdll~d " ~dlj dodbda

gf}dtvadl , Odbde cni%}ibntng " ic~fg odl xdxdsdl gfgvdxddl dodbda tvcva edlvxnd "

bfcna%bfcna adxsdt%adxtsdtl~d , Adxsdt ~dlj }dbnlj oienldl efljdsdagdl edlvxnd dodbdaadxsdt xfq , ]fsl~dtddl nln ibfa Xhai}fladvfs onsvevxgdl xfhdsd bfcna efljfbntng" gftngd

isdlj cfstdl~d " on edld bftdg }fljftdavdl ~dlj }dbnlj nltne tfltdlj adgfgdt ovlnd nln 9

! ]fljftdavdl ~dlj }dod onsnl~d efsv}dgdl gfaflodg vltvg anov} . , Kdzdcl~d ndbda

4>?


21/32

gfaflodg odbde cfsavcvljdl cdodl , Ntvbda adgfgdt odl nltn xfxvljjval~d xfjdbd adb

dtdv tvkvdl anov}

Odbde xfq tfsod}dt nltn dtdv gilxfltsdxn ~dlj snnb " ~dlj kvxtsv adsvx on}fsdljn odl

onbf~d}gdl gdsfld ondljjd} efl~fsft gf gfkdadtdl dtdv oixd , _vcva adsvx ontdgbvggdl

odl oncvdt }dtva , Ldbvsn xfq adsvx onhfjda djds tnodg bdjn efloienldxn , Ofljdl hdsdnlnbda edlvxnd eflkdon bfcna cfsjvld , Odbde v}d~d efsf}sfxn " efl~dbvsgdl odl

efefsdljn ldbvsn xfq nlnbda tfglibijn gfgvdxddl cfsgfecdlj , Gftsde}nbdl%gftsde}nbdl

vltvg eflvlovggdl tvcva odsn gfhflofsvljdl ldbvsn xfq xfedgnl hdljjna , Odsndltnxn}dxn " sf}sfxn xde}dn ofljdl tnlodgdl dgxftnx odl }fl~dljgdbdl onsn odbde cfltvg

gdxtsdxn ! }fljfcnsndl . }dod tsdonxn tfstfltv ondlkvsgdl cdagdl dod ~dlj efbdgvgdl

vltvg eflhfjda }fbde}ndxdl ldbvsn xfqvdb " xf}fstn ~dlj onbdgvgdl }dsd fvevvf ,

Efecfsn gilxfxn gf}dod gfhflofsvljdl edtfsn ondljjd} gfxdbdadl cfxds , Edtfsn adsvx

oncvdt tvlovg tfsadod} knzd djds tnodg kdtva gf odbde xfqvdbntd cfbdgd , Edgd eflvlod

cfbdkds gflngedtdl xfqvdb cfsdstn eflkdjd tvcva djds tftd} odbde gilonxn cfsgfecdlj

xfhdsd xfadt , Xfedgnl isdlj evod efe}fsbdecdt eflngedtn gfxfldljdl cdodlnxfedgnl ede}v eflhd}dn gfedtdljdl anov} Xflxvdbntdx eflkdon evxva }dbnlj

cfscdad~d cdjn }fstvecvadl isdlj evod, Edgd }fsx}fgtn Edlngfdl hflofsvljefedgdn bijngd }fljfcnsndl " ~dntv efljavcvljgdl gflngedtdl `nxng ofljdl ofsdn tdzd

ncbnx, Gflngedtdl adsvx onxngd}n ofljdl eflvecvagdl nljdtdl odl jdjdxdl ~dlj

eflknkngdl

Vltvg efljanlodsn kdtva odbde }fbvgdl xflxvdbntdx }fsbv efljflodbngdl kvjd ldbvsn bdnl

~dlj xdljdt fsdt tfsgdnt ofljdl adxtsdt xfq " ~dntv ld`xv edgdl , Ld`xv xfq odl ld`xv

edgdl }dod odxdsl~d cfsdxdb odsn ldbvsn ~dlj xded" ~dntv gfnljnldl vltvg efl~fltvaodl efsdxdgdl Edgd gfede}vdl efldadl onsn cfsadod}dl ofljdl edgdldl efsv}dgdl

bdtnadl ~dlj cdng vltvg cnxd efljvdxdn onsn tfsadod} ld`xv xfqvdb , Ld`xv xfq odl ld`xv

edgdl xfsnlj evoda efloisilj isdlj efbdgvgdl gfkdadtdl ~dlj xded gfovdl~defhdsn gflngedtdl gvbnt odl xflxdxn xfltvadl " ~dlj }dod jnbnsdll~d dgdl efljdxnljgdl

}ngnsdl , Gfzdx}doddl tfsadod}dl edgdldl dodbda dltnn}dxn vltvg efljadod}n ldbvsn xfq

_nlodgdl%tnlodgdl dltnn}dxn on}fsbvgdl djds tnodg tfsjiod efljngvtn gfhflofsvljdl

ldbvsn xfq efljanlodsn gfxfe}dtdl ~dlj efljjiod ~dlj odtdlj odsn cdhddl " jdecds "

`iti }islijsd`n dtdv fitnx 7 efljdbnagdl }fsadtndl odl dofjdl" sf}sfxfltdxn " dtdv

}fecnhdsddl ~dlj dgdl efl~fcdcgdl sdljxdljdl xfqvdb 7 odl efljanlodsn }fskve}ddlofljdl bdzdl kflnx on tfe}dt ~dlj bf}dx odsn }dlodljdl }vcbng , Bijngd }fljfncnsndl odl

dltnn}dxn ntv xvoda tnodg on}fsbvgdl bdjn }fljdzdxdl odsn bvds , Isdlj voda

efljnltfsldbnxdxngdll~d eflkdon eitnpdxn xflonsn " xfbdnl gdsfld }flonongdl " kvjdgdsfld on~dgnlgdl cdazd xfevd ntv vltvg gf}fltnljdl odl gfcdngdll~d onsnl~d xflonsn ,

Cnbd dltnxn}dxn tnodg cfsadxnb " edgd tnodg cnxd tnodg sf}sfxn adsvx onbdgvgdl " ~dntvefldldegdl odbde adtn dtvsdl ~dlj gfsdx tfsadod} ldbvsn 7 eflvecvagdl sdxd evdg

odl knkng tfsadod} gfhflofsvljdl ldbvsn xfq 7 efljadonsgdl odbde cd~dljdl jdjdxdl%

jdjdxdl ~dlj efl~ngxd xf}fstn sdxd edbv " odl dgncdt%dgncdt ~dlj dgdl efl~fljxdsdgdl7

ef~dgnlgdl onsn cdazd anov} eflkdon bfcna efl~ngxd " anbdlj gfcdljjddl onsn cnbd

4>6


22/32

eflvsvtn ldbvsn tfsxfcvt , Bfcna cdng bdjn cnbd tnodg eflvsvt xded xfgdbn adxstd xfq

xfbded evljgnl xde}dn tvcva bv}d }dod onsnl~d " bdbv efecndsgdll~d bd~v ,

Sf}sfxn xfsnlj efecvtvagdl gfaflodg ~dlj gvdt odl evoda efljdgncdtgdl

gfgfhfzddl ~dlj odbde " cdagdl cnxd eflnecvbgdl }fl~ne}dljdl , Edgd tfsxfond

tfglng bdnl ~dlj ibfa onxn}bnl }xngibijn onxfcvt xvcbnedxn , Xdods cdazd tnodg evljgnlefbfl~d}gdl xded xfgdbn adsdt xfqvdb " `nbxv` xf}fstn Sixxfdv efljdlkvsgdl bfcna cdng

efl~dbvsgdl gf adb }ixntn` " efljdbnagdl gf gfjndtdl ~dlj bfcna cfsedl`ddt ,

Sixxfdv efecfsn `igvx }dod }fljibdadl }fsdxddl tfsadod} isdlj bdnl xfcdjdn ic~fg

vtded vltvg efljdbnagdl adxsdt xfqvdb , ]fsdxddl ntv }fsbv ondsdagdl djds tvecva

}fsxdadcdtdl " sdxd cfbda gdxna " odl cfbdsdxd , Gf}snadtnldl odl sdxd tdljjvlj kdzdc

tfsadod} tvjdx%tvjdx " }flofsntddl odl ldxnc isdlj bdnl efsv}dgdl cfltvg }fl~dbvsdlldbvsn xfq ~dlj ondljjd} }ixntn` odl }siovgtn` ,

Xfbdnl ntv" efljanov}gdl nedknldxn xfhdsd }ixntn dgdl ede}v }vbd efljdbnagdl

oisiljdl xfqvdb , Dkdgbda isdlj evod vltvg efljadonsgdl odbde }ngnsdll~d xdvodsddtdv tfedll~d ~dlj hdhdt , Efsfgd nln efxgn}vl hdhdt kvjd efenbngn ldbvsn xfq ~dlj

xded , Edgd v}d~d efljiltsib onsn vltvg tnodg eflvsvtn ldbvsn xfql~d efsv}dgdlvljgd}dl xibnodsntdx odl cfbd sdxd tfsadod} xdvodsdl~d dtdv tfedll~d ~dlj hdhdt ntv "

~dlj gdsfld adecdtdl `nxngl~d tnodg ede}v eflngedtn ldbvsnl~d , Ofljdl ofengndl "

gfede}vdl efljfgdlj ldbvsn xfqvdb tnodg adl~d ofen gf}fltnljdl onsn " ldevl

efsv}dgdl cfltvg dbtsvnxef,

Gdbdv on odbde nedknldxn }ixntn` edxna oncvtvagdl kfod gdsfld cvtva zdgtv vltvg

}fsdbnadl odsn adxsdt gf cfbd sdxd " cfltvg }fljdbnadl ldbvsn xfq ~dlj cnxd bdljxvljonsdxdgdl adxnbl~d dodbda gfskd `nxng dtdv ibdasdjd , ^dlj edv ondsda dodbda efecvdt

tvcva gfbfbdadl , Ofljdl cfgfskd gfsdx " `nxng tfsgvsdx " bdbv nedknldxn }vl cnxd

nxtnsdadt,Cnbd tvcva bfeda gdsfld gfbfbdadl " ldbvsn tnodg dgdl evoda tfscdgds xfanljjdsdljxdljdl tvcva tnodg bdjn onsdxdgdl , Odl tvcva dgdl onvcda eflkdon odjnlj tdl}d

ld`xv ,

Ofen dxdx edl`ddt xixndb tvcva nln " gfjndtdl%gfjndtdl }ixntn` bdnl adsvx xfbdbv efljnxn

gfxncvgdl isdlj evod djds ldbvsn xfq cnxd ondbnagdl gf adb ~dlj dgdl bfcna cfsod~d jvld

Ofjdl ofengndl " cfgfskd efsv}dgdl hdsd vltvg efljdbnagdl flfsjn " djds }fsadtndl

bfcna }dod tvkvdl%tvkvdl ~dlj cnxd cfsjvld dtdv xftnodgl~d" bfcna cnxd ontfsnededx~dsdgdt gdsfld xfhdsd cvod~d bfcna cnxd ontibfsdlxn ,Gfede}vdl efl~dbvsgdl flfsjn

ldbvsn xfqvdb nln xfsnlj onjvldgdl xfcdjdn gsntfsnd gfofzdxddl xfxfisdlj xfanljjd xftnd}

isdlj dgdl cfsv}d~d ofljdl xvgdsfbd efbdgvgdll~d " cdagdl cdljjd gdsfld ondljjd}eflhd}dn gfedtdljdl dtdv gfofzdxddl , Xfgdbn bdjn xnxtfe }dlitng cfskdbdl , 4

4 Xnxtne }dlitng nln on}fsgfldbgdl ibfa Enhafb @ivhdvbt , Nxtnbda nln ondecnb%5dbna odsn xnxtfe }flkdsd ~dlj

ongfecdljgdl ibfa Kfsfe~ Cfltade vltvg efljafedt xnxtfe }fljdzdxdl ofljdl efsdlhdlj dsnxtfgtvs

}flkdsd ~dlj gadx,]dlitng cfsdxdb odsn cdadxd ^vldln " ~dntv }dl ~dlj dstnl~d xfevd odl i}~ngdl ~dlj

cfsdstn efbnadt ,, Dsxntfgtvs }flkdsd ntv cfltvgl~d efbnljgds , On tfljdal~d tfsod}dt efldsd }fljdzdx ,

Odsn efldsd ntvbda od}dt on}dltdv ofljdl kfbdx xfevd jfsdgdl ldsd}nodld ~dlj dod on edxnlj%edxnlj xfb ,

]fedltdvdl efl~fbvsva nln ovevljgnlgdl cfsgdt ovd kflofbd " ~dlj xdtv efljdsda gf efldsd odl ~dlj

bdnl tfsdsda gf bvds xfanljjd hdad~d odsn bvds od}dt edxvg eflfsdljn xfb , Ofljdl ofxdnl nln" cvgdl adl~d

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Odbde onxn}bnl }xngibijn kvjd ongfldb nxtnbda hdtadsxnx xfcdjdn xdbda xdtv cfltvg

}fljdbnadl oisiljdl xfqvdb oljdl hdsd efljdljgdtl~d gf }fsevgddl efbdbvn

}fecnhdsddl dtdv gilxvbtdxn adb%adb ~dlj efl~fxdggdl , @ivhdvbt efl~fcvt }fljdgvdloixd dodbda cdjndl odsn avcvljdl gfgvdxddl ~dlj tnodg bdjn odbde cfltvg sf}sfxn

]fljdgvdl oixd eflvlkvggdl cdazd gfgvdxddl ntv }siovgtn gdsfld efecfsn gfbfjddl"

efljadxnbgdl cfscdjdn cfltvg zdhdld odl tvbnxdl ,

Xfcftvbl~d ofljdl efljvljgd}gdl adxsdt%adxsdt ~dlj ondljjd} lfjdtn` tfskdon }sixfxhdtadsxnx , Efbdbvn }fljdgvdl oixd tfskdon }fecfcdxdl odsn sdxd cfsxdbda ~dlj xfbdednln ontfgdl dtdv onxne}dl , On bvds }fljdgvdl oixd " }sixfx hdtadsxnx kvjd cnxd

cfsbdljxvlj odbde cfltvg bdnl" ~dntv cnecnljdl siadln ofljdl }fevgd djded "

gilxvbtdxn ofljdl }xngibij " }xngndtfs " dtdv hvsadt ofljdl xdadcdt ofgdt " isdlj tvd "

isdlj ~dlj on}fshd~d _fltv xdkd odbde hdtadsxnx ntv }sixfx nltfsldbnxdxn kvjd cfsbdljxvlj , Xnxtfe }dli}tng cfskdbdl , Isdlj on~dgnlgdl cdazd ofljdl

efljvljgd}gdl d}d ~dlj eflfgdl odbde adtn " isdlj ondkdg efsvevgdl edxdbda ~dlj

onanov}nl~d , Ede}v efsvevxgdl edxdbda cfsdstn bdljgda }fltnlj gfdsda }fl~fbfxdndl

edxdbda , ]dsd gilxfbis xfsnlj efljdtdgdl cdazd ofljdl ede}v efsvevxgdl edxdbdabned }vbva }fsxfl edxdbda xvoda onxfbfxdngdl ,

Xfevd tfglng }fljdbnadl oisiljdl ldbvsn xfq ntv fltda ofljdl sf}sfxn " xvcbnedxn "

hdtadsxnx " nedknldxn }ixntn` " efecd~dljgdl dgncdt%dgncdt ~dlj efl~fljxdsdgdl ! edbv"

anbdljl~d gfcdljjddl . " }vdxd odl xfcdjdnl~d " cnxd xfedgnl f`fgtn` gdsfld cfsbdljxvlj

odbde gfsdljgd xnxtfe }dli}tng,, Vlxvs }dli}tng ~dlj }dbnlj eflfltvgdl ndbda }sixfxnltfsldbnxdxn }fljdzdxdl ,

Efbdbvn }sixfx xfedhde nlnbda }fljdzdxdl tnodg efefsbvgdl bdjn gfadonsdl `nxng gdsfldtfbda onvcda eflkdon eitnpdxn ~dlj cfsdxdb odsn odbde onsnl~d , Efedlj dgdl bfcna

f`fgtn bdjn cnbd dod xtsvgtvs%xtsvgtvs ~dlj efljilonxngdl ! sntef anov}" isjdlnxdxn"

dtvsdl " anfsdsgnxdxn gfdljjitddl " xdlgxn xixndb . , ]fecdtnldl }fljdzdxdl eflkdoneitnpdxn tnlodgdl nln efevljgnlgdl vltvg eflod}dtgdl gf}dtvadl tvcva xfcdc d}dcnbd

edljgns dtdv efbdljjds dgdl tvecva sdxd cfsxdbda " gfhfzd dtdv cfltvg gfgdhdvdl

cdltnl bdnll~d , Odsn edld odtdljl~d oisiljdl vltvg efecdtnlgdl ) efljnltfsldbnxdxn}fljdzdxdl nln 9 ! Ads~dteigi " 3==0 ; 84 83 .

_vcva Nloda odl Gd}ntdbnxef

Xnxtne gd}ntdbnxef ngvt cfs}fljdsva cfxds }dod }fecfltvgdl cio~ nedjf , Gd}ntdbnxef

eflfltvgdl xtdlods tvcva nofdb edxd gnln cdjn }fsfe}vdl djds efsfgd tfsvx%eflfsvx

nbvft ldsd}nodld ~dlj gfbnadtdl " td}n xfbvsva jfsdg%jfsng odl zdkdal~d , Xfcdbngl~d " ldsd}nodld tnodg cnxdefbnadt xnd}d" dtdv cfsd}d isdlj ~dlj efljdzdxnl~d , Xfanljjd " odbde onsn ldsd}nodld tfstdlde

gfxdodsdl cdazd xfbdbv dod ~dlj efljdzdxn , Dgncdtl~d " ldsd}nodld xfbdbv efsdxd ondzdxn efxgn}vl

evljgnl tnodg dod }fljdzdx, Kdon gfafcdtdl }snln} }dlitng tfsbftdg }dod }fljdzdxdl ~dlj cnxd

onxhiltnlvf " ldevl xf`fg gfxdodsdl ondzdxnl~d giltnlv, Eiofb }fljdzdxdl xfedhde nln cnxd cfskdbdl

f`fgtn` gdsfld efloisilj isdlj ~dlj ondzdxn vltvg efljnltfsldbnxdxn dtdv efecdltnlgdl }fljdzdxdl ,

Ofljdl ofengndl xfedgnl f`fgtn` xvdtv gfgvdxddl dtdv }fljdzdxdl " gfadonsdl `nxnig xfedgnl gvsdlj

oncvtvagdl ,

4>:


24/32

efe}fscdngn }flde}nbdll~d ofen eflhd}dn vgvsdl ~dlj onnofdbgdl , ]dsd }fsfe}vdl on

edx~dsdgdt gntd xdbnj cfsxdnlj vltvg eflkdkdsgdl onsn efsfgd ofljdl tvltvtdl

edx~dsdgdt }dtsndgnx ~dlj efljjfedsn }fsfe}vdl ofljdl tvcva nofdb on edtd bdgn%bdgnofljdl vgvsdl%vgvsdl ~dlj onnljnlgdl bdgn%bdgn ,

Xfedgnl tnljjn gfnljnldl }fsfe}vdl vltvg efljfkds vgvsdl tvcvda nofdb xfedgnltfscvgd gfxfe}dtdl cdjn }fenbng eiodb vlvg efljfecdljgdl }siovg gfhdltngdl odl

kdxd efe}fscdngn }flde}nbdl , _sflo cfltvg tvcva }fsfe}vdl ~dlj onjfedsn ibfa

ed~isntdx bdgn%bdgn xddt nln odl ~dlj cdl~dg ontde}nbgdl ibfa efond edxxd dodbda ~dljbdljxnlj ldevl }si}isxnildb " xfanljjd efecvgd }fbvdlj vltvg efecfltvg hdsd

}dlodlj }fsfe}vdl tfsadod} cfltvg tvcva ~dlj nofdb , Adb nln eflvecvagdl }ngnsdl

}dod }fsfe}vdl cdazd tvcva nofdb dodbda ~dlj bdljxnlj " xfgdbnjvx eflvecvagdl

gfhfedxdl dgdl gfjfevgdl ,

Gd}ntdbnxef cfs}fsdl cfxds ef~dgnlgdl }dsd }fsfe}vdl cdazd tvcva nofdb edxd gnln

bfcna onxvgdn odl od}dt onhd}dn ,On odbde edx~dsdgdt gd}ntdbnx " dgdl xdljdt

efljvtvljgdl vltvg eflhn}tdgdl }fsedxdbdadl odl gfevondl efldzdsgdl }siovg~dlj od}dt efefhdagdl edxdbda tfsxfcvt , Kngd xfbvbnt ondljjd} onxvgdn " dtdv xftnodgl~d

ondljjd} cvgdl edxdbda " edgd tnodg dgdl dod gfcvtvadl vltvg }fsjn gf j~e ofenefljanbdljgdl bfedg tvcva dtdv efecfbn edgdldl%edgdldl onft vltvg efljvsdljn

bfedg tvcva , Odl kngd }d~vodsd tnodg gflhdlj dtdv cfltvg tvcva tnodg nofdb dodbda

edxdbda" xfxfisdlj adl~d }fsbv efecfbn }siovg dtdv kdxd }fbd~dldl " odl edxdbdal~d

dgdl tfs}fhdagdl ,

Nlovxtsn%nlovxtsn tfsxfcvt cfsgfecdlj }fxdt odbde eflvecvagdl gfsdjvdl }sncdon

}fsfe}vdl , Vltvg efsdna xvgxfx " nlovxtsn%nlovxtsn ~dlj cfsjfsdg on cnodlj gfhdltngdltnodg adl~d adsnx efeitnpdxn gfnljnldl tfsadod} }siovgl~d " tftd}n kvjd adsvx

ef~dgnlgdl }fsfe}vdl cdazd tdl}d }siovg tfsxfcvt " nd tnodg dgdl onnljnlgdl , Odbde

}sixfx }flfsneddl onsn , }fsfe}vdl eflkdon xdxdsdl }dsd }fljvxdad odl }fecvdt ngbdl~dlj bnadn " on edld }fxdl ngbdl efsfgd xdljdt kfbdx tfsxde}dngdl gf}dod gdve

}fsfe}vdl , ]fecvod~ddl entix gfhdltngdl ~dlj onxfcdsgdl efbdbvn ngbdl od}dt

efe}fljdsvan hntsd onsn gilxvefll~d , ]fljdsval~d dodbda cdazd cdl~dg }fsfe}vdl~dlj eflkdon sfltdl tfsadod} cfltvg tvcval~d xflonsn odl evbdn efedlodlj cfltvg

tvcval~d xfcdjdn jfevg " xfanljjd efsfgd eflkdon tfsicxfxn vltvg efbdgvgdl

giltsib tfsadod} cfltvg tvcval~d , Entix gfhdltngdl dgdl bfcna efsvjngdl cdjn

}fsfe}vdl " gdsfld efl~fcdcgdl sflodal~d }fljadsjddl tfsadod} onsn xflonsn " odlxfcdbngl~d dgdl efljvtvljgdl }fsvxdaddl ,

_nodg }fovbn xfcfsd}d gfsdx }fsfe}vdl eflhicd efsdna }flfsneddl " nd tftd} efsdxdgvsdlj xfe}vsld, ,_dg }fovbn xfcfsd}d cdng }flde}nbdl dtdv adsve tvcval~d " nd xfbdbv

efsdxd dod ~dlj gvsdlj dtdv tnodg bfljgd} , Kngd }flnbdndl ~dlj cfsbfcnadl tfsadod}

tvcva }fsfe}vdl tfsvx cfsbdlkvt " hdsd vltvg eflhd}dn cfltvg tvcva }fsfe}vdl tfsvxcfsbdlkvt " hdsd vltvg eflhd}dn cfltvg tvcva ~dlj eflofgdtn nofdb cndxdl~d dgdl

onhdsn efbdbvn onft dtdv cfsibdasdjd " ~dlj cfbve tfltv cfsadxnb efeflvan adxsdt

}fsfe}vdl dgdl tvcva ~dlj bdljxnlj , Odl }dod dgansl~d nd eflkdon tfs}fsdljgd} odbde

bnljgdsdl icxfxn onsn ~dlj cfsbfcnadl xfstd }flibdgdl onsn , Onldengd nln efsv}dgdl cvgtn

4>1


25/32

jdljvdl xfedhde dlisfgxnd odl cvbnend" icxfxn }dod cfsdt tvcva odl onft " xfstd bdtnadl

gfcvjdsdl ~dlj cfsbfcnadl , Jdljjvdl%jdljjvdl tfsxfcvt tnodg od}dt ondldbnxnx xfhdsd

tfs}nxda odl cvod~d ~dlj xddt nln xfodlj cfsbdbv , Cvod~d ~dlj gfsd} onxfcdsgdl bfzdtedkdbda dtdv}vl ngbdl odbde ovlnd gfhdltngdl cdjn evlhvbl~d jdljjvdl edgdl odl

xfcdjdnl~d ,

Xfcdjndl }fsfe}vdl efljadxcnxgdl vdlj ~dlj tnodg xfongnt ofen efe}fscdngn

}flde}nbdl `nxng on gbnlng }fsdzdtdl zdkda odl tvcva , @fliefld nln cfsgdntdl ofljdl

giltsvgxn xixndb tfltdlj gfhdltngdl odl gfbdljxnljdl ~dlj cfsgfecdlj xddt nln , Hdltngefsv}dgdl giltsvgxn cvod~d nlovxtsn ~dlj tdg bf}dx odsn gf}fltnljdl nlovxtsn vltvg

efl~dbvsgdl }siovg efsfgd" on edld }siovg xf}fstn ntv cdsv cnxd on}dxdsgdl kngd dod

}fsenltddl , Edgd }fsenltddl ntv adsvx onhn}tdgdl " xdbda xdtvl~d efbdbvn ngbdl odl

l~dtdl~d edx~dsdgdt eflfsned giltsvgxn nln , Decnbbda hiltia xfcvda ngbdl }fsvxdaddl }fecfltvgdl tvcva }d}dl dtdx cfscvl~n ]sijsde }fbdljxnljdl cdsv ~dlj

efldgkvcgdl " ~dlj tfbda efecdltv }dsd }fsfe}vdl eflod}dtgdl tvcva ~dlj

xflxdxnildb ,

Gnsdl~d tnodgbda hvgv} tvcva vofdb xdkd " tftd}n tvcva onedgldn xfcdjdn xvdtv nlxtsveflt

~dlj od}dt efecfsngdl xflxdxn " fltda d}d }vl zvkvol~d , _vcva bdljxnlj tdg cfsbfedg"}fsvt odtds " }d~vodsd gflhdlj " }nljjdlj cfsbfgvg%bngv" }dltdt xnltdb " cnxd onxfcvt

xfcdjdn hiltia }fldlod hdltng odbde giltsvgxn xixndb xfedhde nln , Gfevondl

gfcvtvadl efbdljxnljgdl tvcva " efljflhdljgdl }d~vodsd " odl xfcdjdnl~d ntv ongfedx

odbde xtv }dgft }fsdzdtdl tvcva on gbnlng%gbnlng tfsxfcvt , @fliefld nln evlhvb gdsfldnlovxtsn gfhdltngdl efljiltsvgxngdl hntsd nofdb xfcdjdn v}d~d efedxdsgdl }siovgl~d ,

Nsilnxl~d " edkdbda edv}vl ngbdl odbde ovlnd gfhdltngdl eflkdongdl }fsfe}vdlxfcdjdn tdsjft dtdv xdxdsdl vtded }fedxdsdl }siovgl~d , Enxdbl~d dodbda }fxdtl~d

nlovxtsn }siovg onft odl xfedhdel~d ~dlj cfstvkvdl efbdljxnljgdl odl efecfltvg

tvcva }fsfe}vdl " tftd}n }dod gfl~dtddll~d l~dsnx tnodg efljadxnbgdl tvcva ~dlj bfcnabdljxnlj , Cdjdnedld}vl" nlovxtsn%nlovxtsn tfsxfcvt tftd} xdkd od}dt efldsng }dsd

}fsfe}vdl ofljdl }flfgdldl }dod }flhntsddl `ntvs nofdb }fsfe}vdl on edtd

edx~dsdgdt" cdazd }fsfe}vdl ntv xfadsvxl~d nloda on}dlodlj , Lnbdn%lnbdn ~dljtfsgdlovlj on odbde xtsdtfjn gd}ntdbnxef efl~ixndbnxdxngdl }dod gdve }fsfe}vdl djds

efe}fsbdgvgdl tvcval~d bfcna xfcdjdn ic~fg vltvg ondedtn , Ibfa gdsfld ntv "

onadsd}gdl }fsfe}vdl eflde}nbgdl gfhdltngdl `nxng on edtd edx~dsdgdt ,

Adb nln gfevondl efljdsdagdl }fsfe}vdl eflkdon xfedgnl gilxvetn` gdsfld tvltvtdl

gfcvsvadl dgdl }flde}nbdl djds efldsng " hdltng " odl eionx ofljdl cfsdjde eiof

}dgdndl odl giefxtng ~dlj ontdzdsgdl , Eiof }dgdndl }vl oncvdt vltvg eflde}nbgdlgfnlodadl tvcva }fsfe}vdl " xfanljjd kngd }fsfe}vdl nljnl tde}nb eionx odl xflxvdb

odbde cvxdld tfstfltv " nd adsvx cfsvxdad efe}fscdngn cfltvg tvcval~d tfsbfcna odavbv "

cdsv gfevondl nd od}dt efljfldgdl }dgdndl nodedll~d , Eiof }dgdndl ~dlj pdsndtn`odl eionx efedlj gfcdl~dgdl on}fsvltvgdl cdjn }fsfe}vdl cfstvcva nofdb " kdon kngd

tvcval~d tnodg ofengndl " nd ondljjd} gvsdlj }dltdx tde}nb eionx odl efldsng " cdagdl

cnxd kdon edbda efljvlodlj hncnsdl odsn isdlj bdnl ~dlj efbnadt hdsd cfscvxdldl~d ,

Edx~dsdgdt gntd efefsxf}xn gdbdv }fsfe}vdl cfstvcva nofdb " eiofb }dgdndl d}d xdkd

4>>


26/32

dgdl tfsbnadt cdjvx kngd ongfldgdll~d , Xfodljgdl gdbdv cfstvcva jfevg " xfbdnl pdsndl

eiofb }dgdndl xfedgnl tfscdtdx " kvjd tnodg cnxd efldsng kngd ongfldgdl ,

Xvljjva efldsng xfgdbnjvx efl~fonagdl efbnadt cdjdnedld }fsfe}vdl tfbfaon}fscvodg ibfa xtdlods edx~dsdgdt efljfldn }flde}nbdl bdansnda ~dlj nofdb ,Xfsnljgdbn

}fsfe}vdl eflkdon evxva tfscfxds cdjn onsnl~d xflonsn xfavcvljdl ofljdl }flde}nbdl ,

Nd efsdxd tnodg cfsdstn gdsfld cfsdt cdodl odl }flde}nbdll~d , Nd tfsgvsvlj odbde}fsdxddll~d xflonsn " on}fsgvdt entix gfhdltngdl ~dlj tvecva on edx~dsdgdt " odl edbda

efenhv bdansl~d gf}fshd~ddl cdsv cdazd tdl}d tvcva bdljxnlj odl zdkda hdltng " tdg

dod cdjndl odsn anov} nln ~dlj od}dt onlngedtn , Dgncdtl~d cvgdl xf`t%fxtffe ~dljonod}dt" tftd}n }fsdlj tfscfxds }fsfe}vdl tfsadod} tvcval~d xflonsn }vl onevbdn , Cfjntv

cdl~dg }fsfe}vdl gfanbdljdl sdxd gf}fenbngdl tfsadod} tvcva efsfgd xflonsn xfanljjd

efsdxd tnodg l~dedl ofljdl tvcva efsfgd , Ntv xfedgnl efenxdagdl tvcva }fsfe}vdl

odsn titdbntdx gfonsndll~d xfcdjdn xfisdlj nlonpnov ~dlj vtva " bfcna odsn xfgdods dx}fg%dx}fg `nxng xdkd , Adb nln tnodg efljafsdlgdl on edld }fsfe}vdl on edx~dsdgdt efedlj

bfcna onbnadt odl onlnbdn odsn }flde}nbdl `nxngl~d , F`fg cfsbdlkvt odsn }fde}nbdl

}fsfe}vdl xfcdjdn gieiontdx nln dodbda }fsfe}vdl xfhdsd tnodg xdods ongilonxngdl

vltvg efsdxd tfsdxnlj odsn tvcval~d ,

]fljdxnljdl }ngnsdl ofljdl tvcva on}dhv ibfa xfkvebda dx}fg }fljdbdedl }fsfe}vdl]fljdxnljdl tfsxfcvt od}dt onnofltn`ngdxn xfcdjdn `fliefld }ngibijnx ~dlj tfskdbnl

efbdbvn xfkdsda }sncdon odl onxtisxn nedknldxn " xfcdjdn `fliefld cvod~d ~dlj

efljdcdongdl entix cdazd }fsfe}vdl adsvx cfs}flde}nbdl ofljdl xvdtv hdsd tfstfltv 7

xfcdjdn `fliefld }ibntng ~dlj eflnlodx }fsfe}vdl odbde xvdtv }fskvdljdl efbdzdltvcva efsfgd xflonsn 7 odl xfcdjdn `fliefl `nbixi`nx%x}nsntvdb ~dlj efsdlhdlj }ngnsdl

efbdzdl tvcva xfcdjdn evxva , Giltsvgxn xixndb ~dlj dod odbde edx~dsdgdt tfbda

efl~fcdcgdl }fsfe}vdl evoda efsdxd tfsdbnldxn odsn tvcva efsfgd xflonsn ,

_vcva xfibda eflkdon dkdlj }fsfcvtdl gfgvdxddl fgilien }ibntng }dod edx~dsdgdt

nlovxtsndb ,]d~vodsd" }dltdt " edtd " odl bdnll~d ondljjd} }itflxndb on}dxdsgdl Xfefltdsdtvcva cdjndl odbde eflkdon xdxdsdl }itflxn }dxds cdjn icdt%icdtdl " tvcva cdjndl bvds

eflkdon xdxdsdl }itflxn }dxds cdjn nlovxtsn ~dlj xfedgnl efljvgvagdl entix gfhdltngdl

Nofltntdx onsn }fsfe}vdl cfsdod odbde giltsvgxn xixndb ~dlj onhn}tdgdl ibfa gdvegd}ntdbnx Vxdad%vxdad vltvg eflof nlxngdl vbdlj dstn gfhdltngdl odl vltvg

efljfecdbngdl gf}fenbngdl tvcva }fsfe}vdl gf}dod }fsfe}vdl }fsbv onjdbdggdl odsn

tdad} }fsgfecdljdl }fsfe}vdl xflonsn , Kngd tnodg" ontfljda%tfljda tsflo }dxds cfcdx

ovlnd" }ixnxn tvcva }fsfe}vdl dgdl xfedgnl ontfltvgdl ibfa }dxds " cvgdl ibfa }fsfe}vdl xfl

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