RELATIVE CLAUSE

OLEH :

ADITYA GINUNG

ADITYARANI SYAFITRI

INAYATUZ ZAKIYAH

ITA LUSIANA

LEILIAL SEOKA

RANTIS AULIA

RIRIN SEPTIANA

SRI WAHYUNI

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN NGUDI WALUYO UNGARAN

PROGRAM STUDI KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

THN 2010

RELATIVE CLAUSE

Relative Clause dinamakan juga Adjective Clause yaitu Clause (anak

kalimat) yang digunakan/berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan keadaan

noun atau pronoun.

Untuk lebih jelasnya penjelasan mengenai Adjective Clause, perhatikan

penjelasan di bawah ini:

Contoh:

I have read the book (that) you just mentioned. Main Clause: I have read

the book. Subordinate Clause: (that) you just mentioned.

Anak kalimat menerangkan kata benda the book, disebut dengan Adjective Clause

The lesson (that) she is learning is very difficult. Main Clause: The lesson

is very difficult. Subordinate Clause: (that) she is learning.

Berdasarkan pada the Antecedent yang ditunjuk oleh introductory words (kata-

kata pendahulunya), Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 macam,

yaitu:

1. Relative Pronoun

A. Kata Ganti Orang

Yaitu Adjective Clause dengan memakai kata penghubung Relative Pronoun.

The boy is called Bob. He gave me a present.

o The boy who gave me a present is called Bob. atau

o The boy who is called Bob gave me a present.

Beberapa contoh Adjective Clause lainnya:

The boy whose radio was stolen is a student.

The girl whom I gave a special reward is a bright student.

The bike which I borrowed last week was sold.

Kata Penghubung yang digunakan adalah : Who, Whom, Whose, That

Fungsi

a. Subjek: - He paid the money to the man who / that had done the work

b. Objek Kata Kerja :-He paid the man whom/that he had hired.

c. Objek Kata Depan: - He paid the man from whom he had borrowed the

money.

d. Kata Ganti Kepunyaan: - This is the girl whose picture you saw.

B. Benda, Binatang

Kata Penghubung yang digunakan adalah: Which, that

Fungsi:

a. Subjek: - Here is a book which/that describes animals.

b. Objek Kata Kerja:- The chair which/that he broke is being repaired.

c. Objek Kata Depan: - She was wearing the coat for which she had paid $2,00.

2. Relative Adverbs

Waktu

Kata Penghubung yang digunakan when eks: - This is the year when the

Olympic Games are held.

Tempat

Kata Penghubung yang digunakan where eks : - Here is the house where I

live.

Alasan

Kata Penghubung yang digunakan when eks : - Give me one good reason

why you did that.

Pelajaran tentang ini dibahas lebih lengkap pada Relative Clause. Hal-hal

yang perlu ditambahkan di sini, yaitu:

Kata Why (yang menunjukkan alasan) yang menjadi Adverb penghubung,

mungkin (kadang-kadang) dapat digantikan dengan that atau kadang-kadang dapat

dihilangkan dalam kalimat.

- The reason (that) I came should be obvious to you.

-The reason (why) I came should be obvious to you.

- The reason I came should be obvious to you.

When atau Where Bering dapat Baling ditukarkan dengan Preposition yang

menunjukkan tempat (a preposition of Place) ditambah dengan Which.

- The small town in which (= where) I was born has grown to a large

metropolis.

- The day on which (= when) they were to leave finally arrived. Kadang-

kadang that dapat menggantikan where atau when.

Please suggest a good place that (or where) we can mee tBeberapa Hal

Penting yang Berkaitan dengan Adjective Clause

Perubahan dari Adjective Clause menjadi Adjective Phrase.

Adjective Clause dapat dirubah menjadi Adjective Phrase yang

menjelaskan noun tanpa ada perubahan arti kalimat.

Hanya Adjective Clause yang mempunyai subjek pronoun: who, which

atau that yang dapat dirubah menjadi Adjective Phrase.

Adjective Clause dengan subjek: whom tidak dapat dirubah menjadi

Adjective Phrase.Perhatikan Contoh berikut:

a. Adjective Clause : The girl who is sitting next to me is Lisa. ==> The

boy is playing the piano is Bent.

b. Adjective Phrase : The girl sitting next to me is Lisa. ==> The boy

playing the piano is Bent.

Cara mengubah Adjective Clause menjadi Adjective Phrase.

1. Subjek pronoun dan verb be dihilangkan.

Adjective Clause: The man who is talking to Taylor is from Japan.

Adjective Phrase: The man talking to Taylor is from Japan.

Adjective Clause: The ideas which are presented in that book are

interesting.

Adjective Phrase: The ideas presented in that book are interesting.

Adjective Clause: Ali is the man who is responsible for preparing the

budget.

Adjective Phrase: Ali is the man responsible for preparing the budget.

Adjective Clause: The books that are on the shelf are mine.

Adjective Phrase: The books on the shelf are mine.

2. Jika tidak ada verb be dalam Adjective Clause, seringkali subjek

pronoun dapat dihilangkan dan mengubah kata kerja dalam Clause

itu menjadi bentuk -ing.

Adjective Clause: English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.

Adjective Phrase: English has an alphabet  consisting of 26 letters.

Adjective Clause: Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.

Adjective Phrase: Anyone wanting to come with us is welcome.

3. Seringkali Adjective Clause digunakan dalam pola: noun + of

which. Pola ini terutama digunakan untuk tulisan bahasa Inggris

resmi (formal written English). Dalam pola ini biasanya Adjective

Clause menerangkan "sesuatu".

Adjective clause : We have an antique table. The top of it has jade inlay.

Adjective phrase : We have an antique table, the top of which has jade

inlay.

Adjective clause : We toured a 300-year-old house. The exterior of the

house consisted of logs cemented with clay.

Adjective phrase : We toured a 300-year-old house, the exterior of which

consisted of logs cemented with lay.

4. Adjective Clause sering digunakan untuk mengungkapkan

kuantitas dengan of. Ungkapan kuantitas mendahului pronoun, dan

hanya whom, which, dan whose yang digunakan dalam pola ini.

Ungkapan kuantitas dengan "of" antara lain: some of, none of, both

of, one of, many of, two of, all of, each of, most of, dll.

There are 20 students in my class. Most of them are from the Outside

Java.

--> There are 20 students in my class, most of whom are from the Outside

Java.

He gave several reasons. Only a few of them were valid.

--> He gave several reasons, only a few of which were valid.

Tanda Baca pada Adjective Clauses

Pedoman umum dalam Tanda Baca pada Adjective Clauses yaitu:

a) Jangan menggunakan tanda koma bila Adjective Clause diperlukan untuk

mengidentifikasi noun yang dijelaskan olehnya.

b) Gunakanlah tanda koma bila Adjective Clause hanya berfungsi untuk

memberi informasi tambahan dan tidak dimaksudkan untuk

mengidentifikasi noun yang dijelaskan olehnya.

Henry whose wife works at a bank came to my house yesterday.

Alex, whose wife works at a bank, came to my house yesterday.

Keterangan:

Contoh pertama menggambarkan bahwa Henry memiliki lebih dari 1 istri.

Pada kalimat tersebut pembicara ingin mengindentifikasikan istrinya yang bekerja

di Bank, bukan yang lainnya. Sedangkan pada kalimat kedua, kita sudah jelas,

kalau Alex memiliki hanya 1 orang istri. Frase yang berada di antara koma hanya

memberikan keterangan tambahan saja. Tanpa frase tersebut pun orang lain sudah

mengetahuinya kalau istrinya Alex memang bekerja di sebuah Bank karena

memang istrinya cuma 1 itu. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini untuk lebih jelasnya

dalam penggunaan tanda koma dalam Adjective Clause:

Soekarno, who is the first President of Republic of Indonesia, could

deliver speech well.