pengolahan tanah optimum pada budidaya tebu lahan kering · daftar pustaka [agi] asosiasi gula...

Daftar Pustaka

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L A M P I R A N

Lampiran 1 Peta topografi areal lahan penelitian di 76TU40, Blok 48, Rayon I, PT Gula Putih Mataram, Lampung Tengah

116

117

Lampiran 2 Spesifikasi implemen pengolahan tanah

Identifikasi Implemen I

Implemen II

Implemen III

Implemen IV

Implemen V

Nama Implemen

Bajak Subsoiler

Bajak Piring

Bajak Singkal

Garu Piring

K a i r

No. Inventaris – DP # 74 MP # 12 DH # 33 WR # 11

Merek – Cholburi Muang Thong

(C.M.T.)

DOWDES-WELL

BALDAN HUARD

Tipe / Model Straight Shank

MTD 1500 JUMBO, Standard

Disk Plow

DP–5, Share

mulut ikan hiu,

singkal panjang

CSRG–28, Two Gang,

Cutaway Disk,

Trailing

S0–270, Adjustable

Wing Ridger

Nomor chasis – 71026 Z 951644690 00251 –

Negara / Pabrik Pembuat

PT Gula Putih

Mataram

Thailand Inggris Brazil –

Tahun Pembuatan

– 1992 1995 1994 1988

Harga Beli – – – – – Panjang Total (m)

0.50 3.00 2.85 5.29 1.60

Lebar Total (m) 2.50 1.00 1.66 4.32 4.00 Tinggi Total (m)

0.97 1.38 1.43 1.05 1.30

Jumlah Bottom 2 3 2 28 (2 x 14) 3 Jarak antar Bottom (m)

1.30 0.60 1.12 0.27 1.30

Diameter Piring (m)

– 0.64 – 0.64 –

Tinggi Singkal (m)

– – 0.36 – –

Lebar Kair (m) tiap Bottom

– – – – 0.86, 0.93, 0.97

Tinggi Kair (m) tiap Bottom

– – – – 0.46, 0.48, 0.41

Bobot (kg) – – – – –

118

Lampiran 3 Spesifikasi mesin pengolahan tanah (traktor)

Identifikasi Mesin I Mesin II

Nama Mesin Traktor Roda Empat Traktor Roda Empat

Nomor Inventaris No. FT # 350 No. FT # 374

Merek F I A T JOHN DEERE

Tipe / Model Fiatagri-New Holland 140-90 Turbo 4 WD

JD 6205 – 4 WD

Daya, Rpm 140 hp, 2500 rpm 100 hp, 2300 rpm

Negara Pembuat Brazil Jerman

Tahun Pembuatan 1999 2002

Harga Beli (US$) 41800 25900

Panjang Total (m) 4.420 4.020

Lebar Total (m) 2.250-2.700 2.062-2.362

Tinggi Total (m) 2.960 2.400

Jumlah Transmisi 8 Maju, 2 Mundur 10 Maju, 2 Mundur

Bobot (kg) 7140 3950

119

Lampiran 4 Variabel-variabel penelitian dan prosedur pengukuran untuk menentukan sifat fisik-mekanik tanah

VARIABEL PENELITIAN

ALAT UKUR DAN BAHAN

PROSEDUR PENGUKURAN

F O R M U L A

Kadar air tanah

(KAT)

Oven, timbangan analitis, desikator

Timbang bobot basah contoh tanah (BTB), dioven, lalu timbang bobot kering oven tanah (BTK)

KAT = (BTB – BTK) / BTK *100%

Satuan : %

Densitas tanah

(DST)

Ring sampel, oven, timbangan analitis, dan desikator

Ambil contoh tanah menggunakan ring sampel, dioven, lalu timbang bobot tanah kering oven (BTK), ukur volume bagian dalam ring sampel tersebut (VLT)

DST = BTK / VLT

Satuan : g/cc

Porositas tanah

(PST)

- Ukur dan hitung densitas tanah (DST) dan densitas partikel tanah (DPT)

PST = (DPT – DST) / DPT *100%

Satuan : %

Tahanan penetrasi tanah

(TPT)

Penetrometer Eijkelkamp 06.01 Set A, jangka sorong, dan timbangan

Ukur dan hitung luas dasar kerucut penetrometer (LDK), penetrometer ditekan vertikal ke bawah dengan laju penekanan 3 cm/detik dan baca gaya penetrasinya (GPP) pada setiap interval kedalaman 5 cm hingga kedalaman 50 cm dari permukaan tanah

TPT = GPP / LDK * )

Satuan : kgf/cm2

*) Penghitungan didasarkan atas hasil kaliberasi penetrometer (Lampiran 12)

120

Lampiran 5 Variabel-variabel penelitian dan prosedur pengukuran untuk menentukan unjuk kerja alat dan mesin pengolah tanah

VARIABEL PENELITIAN

ALAT UKUR DAN BAHAN

PROSEDUR PENGUKURAN

F O R M U L A

Luas tanah terolah

(A)

Meteran gulung

Ukur panjang tanah terolah (p) dan lebar tanah terolah (l)

A = p * l

Satuan : m2, ha

Waktu lapang total

(t)

Pencatat waktu (stopwatch)

Ukur waktu total untuk mengolah tanah, atau waktu efektif untuk mengolah tanah (TE), waktu belok (T1), dan waktu berhenti (T2)

t = TE + T1 + T 2

Satuan : detik, jam

Kapasitas lapang efektif (KLE)

- Hitung luas total tanah terolah (A) dan waktu lapang total (t)

KLE = 0.36 * A / t

Satuan : ha/jam

Konsumsi bahan bakar

(KBB)

Gelas ukur, thermometer, dan stopwatch

Ukur volume bahan bakar terpak ai (VBB) dan waktu lapang total (t)

KBB = VBB / t

Satuan : liter/jam

Konsumsi bahan bakar per satuan luas tanah terolah

(KBL)

- Hitung konsumsi bahan bakar (KBB) dan kapasitas lapang efektif (KLE)

KBL = KBB / KLE

Satuan : liter/ha

121

Lampiran 6 Variabel-variabel penelitian dan prosedur pengukuran untuk menentukan pertumbuhan tebu dan gulma

VARIABEL PENELITIAN

ALAT UKUR DAN BAHAN

PROSEDUR PENGUKURAN

F O R M U L A

Jumlah tunas tebu muncul

(JTM)

Kamera foto, dan meteran

Hitung jumlah tunas tebu (JTT) muncul dalam 1 alur tanam seluas sampling 1 m2 (AS)

JTM = JTT / AS

Satuan : tunas/m2

Panjang akar tebu rata-rata

(PAT)

Cangkul, garpu tanah, meteran, dan busur derajat

Bongkar tebu dalam satu rumpun, bersihkan akar dari tanah-tanah yang melekat, lalu bentangkan akar-akar tebu dan diukur panjang akar tebu dalam arah sudut 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, dan 180° dari pangkal batang tebu

PAT = panjang akar tebu rata-rata dari arah sudut 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, dan 180° dari pangkal batang tebu

Satuan : cm

Bobot kering akar tebu

(BKA)

Gunting, plastik, oven, timbangan analitis, dan desikator

Gunting akar tebu dalam satu rumpun, bersihkan akar dari tanah (dicuci), dioven, lalu ditimbang bobot kering akar tebu

BKA = bobot kering akar tebu

Satuan : g/rumpun

Jumlah anakan tebu

(JAT)

- Hitung jumlah anakan tebu yang muncul dalam satu rumpun

JAT = jumlah anakan tebu

Satuan : batang/rumpun

Tinggi batang tebu rata-rata

(TBT)

Meteran Ukur tinggi (panjang) batang dari permukaan tanah sampai dengan ruas batang teratas (titik tumbuh)

TBT = tinggi atau panjang batang tebu rata-rata terukur

Satuan : cm

Diameter batang tebu rata-rata

(DBT)

Jangka sorong Ukur diameter batang tebu bagian bawah (DB), bagian tengah (DT), dan bagian atas (DA) menggunakan jangka sorong

DBT = ¼ (DB + 2*DT + DA)

Satuan : mm

122

Lampiran 6 Variabel-variabel penelitian dan prosedur pengukuran untuk menentukan pertumbuhan tebu dan gulma (Lanjutan)

VARIABEL PENELITIAN

ALAT UKUR DAN BAHAN

PROSEDUR PENGUKURAN F O R M U L A

Persentase batang tebu rebah

(PTR)

Busur derajat Hitung jumlah batang tebu rebah > 45° (JBR) dan total jumlah batang tebu (JBT) dalam satu alur tanam

PTR = (JBR / JBT) *100%

Satuan : %

Penutupan gulma tebu

(PGT)

Meteran Hitung luas penutupan gulma tebu (LPG) dalam satu alur tanam seluas sampling 1m2 (AS)

PGT = LPG / AS *100%

Satuan : %

Bobot kering biomassa gulma tebu

(BBG)

Pisau, timbangan, meteran, oven dan desikator

Cabut gulma (beserta akarnya) pada luasan sebesar pengukuran penutupan gulma tebu (AS), dicuci, dioven, lalu ditimbang bobot keringnya (BKG)

BBG = BKG / AS

Satuan : kg/ha

123

Lampiran 7 Variabel-variabel penelitian dan prosedur pengukuran untuk menentukan produktivitas tebu dan gula

VARIABEL PENELITIAN

ALAT UKUR DAN BAHAN

PROSEDUR PENGUKURAN

F O R M U L A

Produktivitas tebu sampling

(PTS)

Parang atau golok, meteran, dan timbangan gantung

Potong dan timbang total batang-batang tebu sampling (TBS) dalam 1 alur tanam sepanjang 1 m (PJS) dengan jarak antar alur tanam tertentu (JAR) yang terkonversi ke dalam satuan luas 1 subplot atau plot

PTS = 10*TBS / (PJS*JAR)

Satuan : ton/ha

10 = faktor konversi (1 kg/m2 = 10 ton/ha)

Rendemen giling tebu

(RGT)

Satu set peralatan ukur kadar gula tebu

Batang-batang tebu dipres (digiling), diukur bobot tebu (WT) dan bobot nira (WN), dihitung kandungan gula dalam nira (Pol) dan kandungan (gula + non-gula) dalam nira (Brix)

RGT = Pol – 0.4 * (Brix – Pol) * (WN/WT)

Satuan : %

Produktivitas gula sampling

(PGS)

- Hitung rendemen giling tebu (RGT) dan produktivitas tebu sampling (PTS)

PGS = RGT * PTS

Satuan : ton/ha

124

Lampiran 8 Hasil uji kompaksi Proctor pada berbagai kedalaman tanah

Pengukuran ke - Keda-laman

Para-meter Satuan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0-10 KAT % brt. 2.31 7.64 8.42 10.98 12.09 12.93 15.86 18.01 21.14

cm KAT % vol. 3.33 11.07 12.55 17.05 19.70 21.69 27.39 30.48 33.87

ρt g/cc 1.48 1.56 1.62 1.72 1.83 1.89 2.00 2.00 1.94

ρd g/cc 1.44 1.45 1.49 1.55 1.63 1.68 1.73 1.69 1.60

ρs g/cc 2.54 2.24 2.20 2.08 2.04 2.00 1.89 1.82 1.72

10-20 KAT % brt. 0.72 4.38 6.35 8.54 11.52 14.84 16.61 18.76 20.21

cm KAT % vol. 1.04 6.44 9.39 12.83 18.38 25.18 28.60 31.14 32.77

ρt g/cc 1.46 1.53 1.57 1.63 1.78 1.95 2.01 1.97 1.95

ρd g/cc 1.45 1.47 1.48 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.72 1.66 1.62

ρs g/cc 2.65 2.41 2.30 2.19 2.06 1.93 1.86 1.79 1.75

20-30 KAT % brt. 3.47 6.61 9.31 11.46 14.06 15.70 18.24 20.22 -

cm KAT % vol. 5.07 9.76 13.81 17.91 23.19 27.31 30.92 32.91 -

ρt g/cc 1.51 1.57 1.62 1.74 1.88 2.01 2.00 1.96 -

ρd g/cc 1.46 1.48 1.48 1.56 1.65 1.74 1.70 1.63 -

ρs g/cc 2.47 2.29 2.16 2.06 1.96 1.90 1.81 1.75 -

0-30 KAT % brt. 1.26 7.24 9.96 13.67 15.84 17.91 19.79 - -

cm KAT % vol. 1.79 10.45 15.23 23.36 27.65 30.35 32.58 - -

ρt g/cc 1.44 1.55 1.68 1.94 2.02 2.00 1.97 - -

ρd g/cc 1.42 1.44 1.53 1.71 1.75 1.69 1.65 - -

ρs g/cc 2.61 2.26 2.13 1.97 1.89 1.82 1.76 - -

30-60 KAT % brt. 0.46 5.13 7.23 9.25 11.85 15.14 18.13 19.41 -

cm KAT % vol. 0.67 7.66 10.87 14.22 19.31 26.83 30.93 32.33 -

ρt g/cc 1.47 1.57 1.61 1.68 1.82 2.04 2.02 1.99 -

ρd g/cc 1.46 1.49 1.50 1.54 1.63 1.77 1.71 1.67 -

ρs g/cc 2.67 2.37 2.26 2.16 2.05 1.92 1.81 1.77 -

KAT = kadar air tanah ρt = densitas tanah basah (wet bulk density) ρd = densitas tanah kering (dry bulk density) = (100 ρt) / (100 + KAT) ρs = densitas tanah (bulk density) = ρw / (1/GS + KAT/100) ρw = densitas air ≅ 1.00 g/cc GS = gravitasi spesifik tanah ≅ 2.70 brt. = berat ; vol. = volume

125

Lampiran 8 Hasil uji kompaksi Proctor pada berbagai kedalaman tanah (Lanjutan)

y = -0.0003x3 + 0.0106x2 - 0.0753x + 1.5625R2 = 0.9718

y = -0.0002x3 + 0.0063x2 - 0.032x + 1.4777R2 = 0.9646

y = -0.0004x3 + 0.0131x2 - 0.1114x + 1.7173R2 = 0.9534

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

Kadar air tanah (% berat)

Den

sita

s ta

nah

(g/c

c)

(0-10) cm (10-20) cm (20-30) cm

y = -0.00007x 3 + 0.0037x2 - 0.0398x + 1.5392R2 = 0.9926

y = -0.00005x 3 + 0.0022x2 - 0.0164x + 1.4729R2 = 0.9703

y = -0.00008x3 + 0.0041x2 - 0.0532x + 1.6471R2 = 0.9635

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Kadar air tanah (% volume)

Den

sita

s ta

nah

(g/c

c)

(0-10) cm (10-20) cm (20-30) cm

126

Lampiran 8 Hasil uji kompaksi Proctor pada berbagai kedalaman tanah (Lanjutan)

y = -0.0004x3 + 0.0114x 2 - 0.0708x + 1.4923R2 = 0.9872

y = -0.0003x3 + 0.0074x2 - 0.0379x + 1.4891R2 = 0.9374

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

Kadar air tanah (% berat)

Den

sita

s ta

nah

(g/c

c)

(0-30) cm (30-60) cm

Kedalaman (0-30) cm:KATOPTIMUM = 16.34%DSTMAKSIMUM = 1.74 g/cc


y = -0.00007x 3 + 0.0035x 2 - 0.0315x + 1.4672R2 = 0.9964

y = -0.00005x 3 + 0.0024x 2 - 0.0184x + 1.4852R2 = 0.955

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Kadar air tanah (% volume)

Den

sita

s ta

nah

(g/c

c)

(0-30) cm (30-60) cm



127

Lampiran 9 Kondisi sifat fisik-mekanik tanah sebelum pengolahan tanah

Metode Pengolahan Tanah Kedalaman (cm) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Rata-rata

Simp. baku

c.v. (%)

Kadar air tanah (% berat) 0 – 10 13.75 12.39 14.10 11.48 13.34 14.37 13.24 1.11 8.35

10 – 20 16.25 14.90 18.03 16.55 16.57 16.14 16.41 1.00 6.12 20 – 30 17.60 18.43 18.42 17.08 18.63 19.71 18.31 0.91 4.95 0 – 30 15.87 15.24 16.85 15.04 16.18 16.74 15.99 0.75 4.70

C.V. (%) 10.05 16.26 11.58 16.79 13.46 13.27 Kadar air tanah (% volume)

0 – 10 18.56 16.60 17.34 14.35 16.01 19.40 17.04 1.81 10.65 10 – 20 22.75 21.61 27.77 22.84 22.04 20.82 22.97 2.47 10.74 20 – 30 26.40 26.17 28.00 26.30 28.13 28.58 27.26 1.09 3.98 0 – 30 22.57 21.46 24.37 21.16 22.06 22.93 22.43 1.16 5.17

c.v. (%) 14.19 18.21 20.40 23.72 22.43 17.59 Densitas tanah (g/cc) *)

0 – 10 1.35 1.34 1.23 1.25 1.20 1.35 1.29 0.07 5.26 10 – 20 1.40 1.45 1.54 1.38 1.33 1.29 1.40 0.09 6.35 20 – 30 1.50 1.42 1.52 1.54 1.51 1.45 1.49 0.05 3.06 0 – 30 1.42 1.40 1.43 1.39 1.35 1.36 1.39 0.03 2.29

c.v. (%) 4.40 3.31 9.91 8.53 9.43 4.85 Porositas tanah (%) *)

0 – 10 49.06 49.43 53.58 52.83 54.72 49.06 51.45 2.56 4.97 10 – 20 47.37 45.49 42.11 48.12 50.00 51.50 47.43 3.34 7.04 20 – 30 42.97 46.01 42.21 41.44 42.59 44.87 43.35 1.73 4.00 0 – 30 46.42 47.17 46.04 47.55 49.06 48.68 47.48 1.20 2.53

c.v. (%) 5.53 3.73 11.72 9.84 10.17 5.65 Tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) **)

0 – 10 13.70 13.70 12.00 22.30 16.00 13.30 15.17 3.73 24.56 10 – 20 20.30 30.00 23.30 26.00 30.70 25.30 25.93 3.96 15.26 20 – 30 33.00 38.00 30.00 37.30 51.70 40.70 38.45 7.53 19.58 0 – 30 21.20 25.30 21.00 27.40 27.90 25.90 24.78 3.01 12.14

c.v. (%) 36.41 37.97 34.47 22.67 47.04 42.65

Simp. = simpangan c.v. = koefisien variasi

*) Diameter dalam ring sampel = 5.00 cm dan tinggi ring sampel = 5.10 cm sehingga volume tanah dalam ring sampel = 100.14 cc

Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-10 cm = 2.65 g/cc Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 10-20 cm = 2.66 g/cc Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 20-30 cm = 2.63 g/cc

Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-30 cm = 2.65 g/cc

**) Dihitung berdasarkan hasil kaliberasi penetrometer (Lampiran 21)

128

Lampiran 10 Kondisi sifat fisik-mekanik tanah sesudah pengolahan tanah

Metode Pengolahan Tanah Kedalaman (cm) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Rata-rata

Simp. Baku

c.v. (%)

Kadar air tanah (% berat) 0 – 10 18.88 18.32 17.53 17.16 18.79 16.80 17.91 0.87 4.88

10 – 20 19.33 19.50 17.21 17.34 18.39 17.62 18.23 1.01 5.51 20 – 30 19.37 18.88 17.70 17.13 18.84 18.87 18.47 0.86 4.64 0 – 30 19.19 18.90 17.48 17.21 18.67 17.76 18.20 0.82 4.52

c.v. (%) 1.16 2.55 1.16 0.54 1.08 4.79 Kadar air tanah (% volume)

0 – 10 22.47 20.15 20.16 21.45 22.17 18.65 20.84 1.45 6.97 10 – 20 25.32 25.16 24.44 23.93 25.93 23.43 24.70 0.93 3.79 20 – 30 27.70 28.13 27.08 25.87 28.07 27.36 27.37 0.84 3.07 0 – 30 25.16 24.48 23.89 23.75 25.39 23.15 24.30 0.87 3.57

c.v. (%) 8.50 13.45 11.94 7.61 9.60 15.39 Densitas tanah (g/cc) *)

0 – 10 1.19 1.10 1.15 1.25 1.18 1.11 1.16 0.06 4.79 10 – 20 1.31 1.29 1.42 1.38 1.41 1.33 1.36 0.05 4.00 20 – 30 1.43 1.49 1.53 1.51 1.49 1.45 1.48 0.04 2.51 0 – 30 1.31 1.29 1.37 1.38 1.36 1.30 1.33 0.04 2.90

c.v. (%) 7.48 12.31 11.68 7.69 9.66 10.86 Porositas tanah (%) *)

0 – 10 55.09 58.49 56.60 52.83 55.47 58.11 56.10 2.10 3.75 10 – 20 50.75 51.50 46.62 48.12 46.99 50.00 49.00 2.04 4.16 20 – 30 45.63 43.35 41.83 42.59 43.35 44.87 43.60 1.42 3.25 0 – 30 50.57 51.19 48.43 47.92 48.68 51.07 49.64 1.46 2.94

c.v. (%) 7.66 12.10 12.73 8.75 10.45 10.69 Tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) **)

0 – 10 7.10 3.90 9.70 5.10 3.20 2.70 5.28 2.67 50.62 10 – 20 10.00 12.60 16.70 13.00 11.80 13.00 12.85 2.20 17.10 20 – 30 13.00 12.60 17.60 14.90 16.00 25.60 16.62 4.78 28.76 0 – 30 8.80 9.40 13.50 10.50 9.80 13.90 10.98 2.18 19.84

c.v. (%) 25.57 42.64 24.90 39.09 52.30 67.86

Simp. = simpangan c.v. = koefisien variasi

*) Diameter dalam ring sampel = 5.00 cm dan tinggi ring sampel = 5.10 cm sehingga volume tanah dalam ring sampel = 100.14 cc

Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-10 cm = 2.65 g/cc Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 10-20 cm = 2.66 g/cc Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 20-30 cm = 2.63 g/cc

Densitas partikel tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-30 cm = 2.65 g/cc

**) Dihitung berdasarkan hasil kaliberasi penetrometer (Lampiran 21)

129

Lampiran 11 Tahanan penetrasi tanah rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah diolah

Tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) rata-rata * ) di Metode 1 Metode 2 Metode 3 Metode 4 Metode 5 Metode 6

Keda-laman (cm) Seb. Ssd. Seb. Ssd. Seb. Ssd. Seb. Ssd. Seb. Ssd. Seb. Ssd.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 13.7 7.1 13.7 3.9 12.0 9.7 22.3 5.1 16.0 3.2 13.3 2.7 10 14.0 8.3 21.3 9.7 20.7 15.9 31.7 9.2 28.0 7.3 19.0 9.1

15 20.3 10.0 30.0 12.6 23.3 16.7 26.0 13.0 30.7 11.8 25.3 13.0 20 26.0 11.8 32.7 12.3 17.7 16.9 39.7 14.6 41.3 15.2 33.0 18.1

25 33.0 13.0 38.0 12.6 30.0 17.6 37.3 14.9 51.7 16.0 40.7 25.6

30 41.7 11.7 41.7 14.7 43.7 18.1 35.0 16.4 - 15.2 50.0 28.7

35 37.0 14.7 39.7 16.1 37.5 19.7 35.0 16.9 - 14.8 28.0 29.7 40 55.0 15.1 36.7 16.3 40.0 19.8 36.3 17.2 - 15.9 29.0 29.1

45 50.0 16.9 38.3 19.2 38.5 21.1 32.7 16.9 - 14.0 32.0 26.2

50 - 23.8 40.7 19.2 34.5 22.9 35.3 17.9 - 12.0 26.0 26.3

0-30 21.2 8.8 25.3 9.4 21.1 13.6 27.4 10.5 28.0 9.8 25.9 13.9

*) Diukur berdasarkan hasil kaliberasi alat penetrometer Eijkelkamp (Lampiran 21) Seb. = sebelum pengolahan tanah (awal) Ssd. = sesudah pengolahan tanah (setelah furrowing, sebelum tanam tebu).

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 = metode-metode pengolahan tanah awal = sebelum pengolahan tanah akhir = sesudah pengolahan tanah

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60

Tahanan Penetrasi Tanah (kgf/cm2)

Ked

alam

an T

anah

(cm

)

1 akhir 2 akhir 3 akhir 4 akhir 5 akhir 6 akhir1 awal 2 awal 3 awal 4 awal 5 awal 6 awal

130

Lampiran 12 Kondisi sifat fisik-mekanik tanah hasil pengolahan tanah pada berbagai kedalaman tanah

Kedalaman 0-10 cm Kedalaman 10-20 cm Kedalaman 20-30 cm Kedalaman 0-30 cm

Metode Kegi-atan KAT DST TPT KAT DST TPT KAT DST TPT KAT DST TPT

Sub 13.75 1.35 13.67 16.23 1.40 20.33 17.60 1.50 33.00 15.86 1.42 21.20

DP 9.22 1.22 3.20 9.36 1.24 9.90 11.19 1.37 17.10 9.92 1.28 11.90

DH 9.34 1.30 1.40 10.61 1.34 4.70 13.93 1.43 12.10 11.30 1.36 8.00

1

Fur 18.88 1.19 7.10 19.33 1.31 10.00 19.37 1.43 13.00 19.19 1.31 8.80

Sub 12.39 1.34 13.67 14.90 1.45 30.00 18.43 1.42 38.00 15.24 1.41 25.30

MP 10.26 1.22 4.20 10.82 1.20 8.00 14.03 1.30 7.80 11.70 1.24 6.50

DH 10.07 1.32 2.70 12.25 1.26 5.80 14.73 1.44 13.20 12.35 1.34 8.20

2

Fur 18.32 1.10 3.90 19.50 1.29 12.60 18.88 1.49 12.60 18.90 1.29 9.40

Sub 14.10 1.23 12.00 18.03 1.54 23.33 18.42 1.52 30.00 16.85 1.43 21.00

DH1 11.61 1.26 2.00 13.54 1.41 15.30 14.87 1.51 34.30 13.34 1.40 18.50

DP 11.11 1.31 1.10 10.68 1.28 4.70 14.36 1.39 5.70 12.05 1.32 4.80

DH2 8.52 1.28 0.60 11.61 1.31 4.00 13.87 1.39 16.40 11.34 1.32 9.30

3

Fur 17.48 1.15 9.70 17.21 1.38 16.70 17.44 1.53 17.60 17.37 1.35 13.50

Sub 11.48 1.25 22.33 16.55 1.38 26.00 17.08 1.54 37.33 15.04 1.39 27.40

DH1 7.53 1.29 3.80 13.14 1.48 20.80 14.01 1.49 41.70 11.56 1.42 21.90

MP 6.51 1.34 0.10 7.89 1.25 3.20 13.02 1.46 20.10 9.14 1.35 9.70

DH2 7.60 1.31 0.00 8.97 1.38 6.60 14.48 1.44 18.40 10.35 1.37 9.80

4

Fur 17.18 1.25 5.10 17.34 1.38 13.00 17.13 1.51 15.20 17.22 1.38 10.50

Sub 13.34 1.20 16.00 16.57 1.33 30.67 18.63 1.51 51.67 16.18 1.35 27.90

DP1 11.41 1.27 2.70 10.75 1.32 3.70 13.08 1.43 8.60 11.75 1.34 5.30

DH1 8.49 1.29 2.30 10.65 1.32 7.80 12.89 1.34 30.30 10.68 1.32 14.00

DP2 10.27 1.30 4.10 9.26 1.34 3.80 12.97 1.31 13.80 10.83 1.31 8.00

DH2 9.39 1.31 0.00 10.23 1.27 1.00 13.13 1.36 9.10 10.92 1.31 4.70

5

Fur 18.79 1.18 3.20 18.39 1.41 11.80 18.84 1.49 16.00 18.67 1.36 9.80

Sub 14.37 1.35 13.33 16.14 1.29 25.33 19.71 1.45 40.67 16.74 1.36 25.90

MP1 11.51 1.24 2.60 14.31 1.32 7.30 16.18 1.38 14.00 14.00 1.31 8.40

DH1 8.41 1.27 5.30 12.68 1.34 19.60 15.46 1.42 33.40 12.18 1.34 19.60

MP2 9.51 1.22 0.20 10.88 1.21 2.40 12.82 1.25 8.40 11.07 1.22 4.50

DH2 8.38 1.29 0.10 11.23 1.25 1.70 15.28 1.28 13.30 11.63 1.28 5.70

6

Fur 18.69 1.11 2.70 17.62 1.37 13.00 18.85 1.45 25.60 18.39 1.31 13.90

KAT = kadar air tanah (% berat), DST = densitas tanah (g/cc), dan TPT = tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) Sub = pembajakan tanah dalam menggunakan bajak subsoiler (subsoiling) DP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak piring (disk plowing) MP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak singkal (moldboard plowing) DH = penggaruan tanah menggunakan garu piring (disk harrowing) Fur = pembuatan alur tanam menggunakan kair (furrowing)

131

Lampiran 13 Kondisi sifat fisik-mekanik tanah hasil pengolahan tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-30 cm

Metode Kegiatan KAT DST PST TPT D V S 1 Sub 15.86 1.42 46.42 21.20 0.24 1.85 18.50 DP 9.92 1.28 51.70 11.90 0.25 1.67 22.79 DH 11.30 1.36 48.68 8.00 0.26 2.13 21.21 Fur 19.19 1.31 50.57 8.80 0.44 2.16 21.47

2 Sub 15.24 1.41 46.79 25.30 0.24 1.85 18.50 MP 11.70 1.24 53.21 6.50 0.41 1.10 37.21 DH 12.35 1.34 49.43 8.20 0.23 1.91 27.35 Fur 18.90 1.29 51.32 9.40 0.45 2.15 23.33

3 Sub 16.85 1.43 46.04 21.00 0.24 1.85 18.50 DH1 13.34 1.40 47.17 18.50 0.14 2.71 13.22 DP 12.05 1.32 50.19 4.80 0.29 1.67 17.43 DH2 11.34 1.32 50.19 9.30 0.18 2.03 21.12 Fur 17.37 1.35 49.06 13.50 0.44 2.22 22.80

4 Sub 15.04 1.39 47.55 27.40 0.24 1.85 18.50 DH1 11.56 1.42 46.42 21.90 0.16 2.51 12.74 MP 9.14 1.35 49.06 9.70 0.32 1.55 23.08 DH2 10.35 1.37 48.30 9.80 0.17 2.15 20.89 Fur 17.22 1.38 47.92 10.50 0.44 2.23 20.58

5 Sub 16.18 1.35 49.06 27.90 0.24 1.85 18.50 DP1 11.75 1.34 49.43 5.30 0.30 1.65 20.41 DH1 10.68 1.32 50.19 14.00 0.18 2.40 18.78 DP2 10.83 1.31 50.57 8.00 0.33 1.67 20.71 DH2 10.92 1.31 50.57 4.70 0.17 2.73 15.95 Fur 18.67 1.36 48.68 9.80 0.45 2.25 19.26

6 Sub 16.74 1.36 48.68 25.90 0.24 1.85 18.50 DP1 14.00 1.31 50.57 8.40 0.41 1.12 35.86 DH1 12.18 1.34 49.43 19.60 0.16 2.15 21.99 DP2 11.07 1.22 53.96 4.50 0.39 1.19 29.60 DH2 11.63 1.28 51.70 5.70 0.18 2.60 18.77 Fur 18.39 1.31 50.57 13.90 0.44 2.24 20.94

KAT = kadar air tanah (% berat) DST = densitas tanah (g/cc) PST = porositas tanah (%) TPT = tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) D = kedalaman olah tanah (m) V = kecepatan maju traktor saat pengolahan tanah (m/detik) S = slip roda belakang traktor (%) Sub = pembajakan tanah dalam menggunakan bajak subsoiler ( subsoiling) DP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak piring (disk plowing) MP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak singkal (moldboard plowing) DH = penggaruan tanah menggunakan garu piring (disk harrowing) Fur = pembuatan alur tanam menggunakan kair (furrowing )

132

Lampiran 14 Kondisi sifat kimia tanah rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah diolah

Kandungan unsur hara dan derajat keasaman tanah rata-rata

Nitrogen (%) Phosphor (ppm) 1) Kalium (me/100g) 2) pH

Kepa-datan atau

Meto-de

Keda-laman tanah (cm)

Awal T9B R1B Awal T9B R1B Awal T9B R1B Awal T9B R1B

0-30 0.13 0.11 0.11 33.89 37.15 38.41 0.26 0.14 0.43 6.11 4.90 6.23 A 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.13 0.12 0.14 33.89 55.79 65.53 0.26 0.15 0.41 6.11 5.07 5.66 B 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.13 0.14 0.12 33.89 34.18 49.86 0.26 0.12 0.34 6.11 5.40 5.98 C 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.13 0.13 0.14 33.89 36.37 42.89 0.26 0.18 0.32 6.11 5.03 5.45 D 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.13 0.13 0.14 33.89 25.60 40.41 0.26 0.18 0.28 6.11 4.93 5.42 E 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.13 0.12 0.12 33.89 38.82 40.22 0.26 0.22 0.42 6.11 5.10 5.22 F 30-60 0.10 - - 10.65 - - 0.07 - - 5.46 - -

0-30 0.14 0.13 0.14 41.08 28.61 43.21 0.20 0.14 0.35 5.55 5.24 5.30 1 30-60 0.10 - - 15.22 - - 0.10 - - 5.04 - -

0-30 0.13 0.13 0.13 33.81 34.41 40.14 0.09 0.18 0.21 6.16 4.80 5.69 2 30-60 0.07 - - 7.98 - - 0.04 - - 5.26 - -

0-30 0.15 0.12 0.14 65.83 35.12 56.08 0.06 0.15 0.24 5.29 5.12 4.90 3 30-60 0.09 - - 6.01 - - 0.04 - - 4.91 - -

0-30 0.14 0.13 0.13 70.71 40.35 65.84 0.18 0.19 0.25 5.33 4.56 5.00 4 30-60 0.08 - - 6.47 - - 0.09 - - 5.20 - -

0-30 0.15 0.14 0.15 57.32 47.16 77.94 0.26 0.15 0.45 5.01 4.95 5.36 5 30-60 0.09 - - 12.00 - - 0.07 - - 4.72 - -

0-30 0.14 0.12 0.14 60.44 51.91 64.82 0.32 0.18 0.41 5.04 4.80 5.11 6 30-60 0.09 - - 20.84 - - 0.10 - - 4.62 - -

1) Kandungan Phosphor (P) dinyatakan dalam P tersedia 2) Kandungan Kalium (K) dinyatakan dalam kapasitas tukar kation K+ Awal = pada saat sebelum pengolahan tanah T9B = pada saat umur tebu 9 bulan setelah tanam R1B = pada saat umur tebu 1 bulan setelah keprasan (ratoon).

133

Lampiran 15 Kadar air tanah (% berat) selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Kadar air tanah (% berat) pada umur tebu (bulan)

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-to-de

Keda-laman (cm) Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V.

(%)

0-10 13.75 18.88 14.07 16.05 19.99 20.95 22.54 22.10 14.45 12.11 7.23 16.75 27.51

10-20 16.23 19.33 16.44 18.58 20.58 21.96 22.99 23.00 13.91 13.19 10.23 16.74 22.85

20-30 17.60 19.37 17.52 19.18 20.63 21.85 22.79 22.63 13.89 13.60 11.00 16.66 20.91

1

0-30 15.86 19.19 16.01 17.94 20.40 21.59 22.78 22.58 14.08 12.97 9.49 16.72 23.40

0-10 12.39 18.32 14.09 15.15 20.86 20.65 20.79 21.33 16.57 11.55 6.53 15.68 28.24

10-20 14.90 19.50 16.35 17.23 21.19 21.12 20.60 22.29 16.05 12.90 11.26 16.04 20.12

20-30 18.43 18.88 17.56 18.24 20.91 20.93 21.53 21.88 15.62 13.11 12.23 16.10 17.79

2

0-30 15.24 18.90 16.00 16.87 20.99 20.90 20.97 21.83 16.08 12.52 10.01 15.94 21.38

0-10 14.10 17.53 18.86 15.01 19.51 21.37 20.91 21.31 16.18 11.02 8.43 15.60 24.68

10-20 18.03 17.21 18.57 17.36 19.95 21.94 20.95 21.52 16.01 12.13 10.69 15.82 20.04

20-30 18.42 17.70 17.81 18.17 20.03 22.13 21.64 21.67 15.69 12.50 11.89 15.94 18.93

3

0-30 16.85 17.48 18.41 16.85 19.83 21.81 21.17 21.50 15.96 11.88 10.33 15.79 20.81

0-10 11.48 17.16 15.09 14.56 19.91 20.84 19.57 21.49 16.17 11.05 4.64 15.01 31.13

10-20 16.55 17.34 17.46 17.24 20.36 21.61 20.06 21.67 15.52 12.27 10.38 15.26 20.48

20-30 17.08 17.13 17.30 17.86 20.32 21.51 20.16 21.82 15.08 12.82 11.29 15.34 19.15

4

0-30 15.04 17.21 16.62 16.55 20.20 21.32 19.93 21.66 15.59 12.04 8.77 15.21 22.85

0-10 13.34 18.79 15.02 14.99 18.56 19.33 20.56 21.68 15.77 11.22 5.27 15.66 28.55

10-20 16.57 18.39 17.47 17.45 19.64 19.75 20.52 21.52 15.79 11.98 10.45 15.90 19.34

20-30 18.63 18.84 17.90 17.89 19.49 20.37 20.62 21.87 15.58 12.24 10.70 15.98 19.20

5

0-30 16.18 18.67 16.80 16.78 19.23 19.82 20.56 21.69 15.71 11.81 8.81 15.84 21.79

0-10 14.37 16.80 17.62 13.54 19.04 19.84 20.78 21.84 15.42 11.63 8.04 16.32 24.51

10-20 16.14 17.62 18.65 17.38 19.64 20.41 20.92 22.16 15.19 12.95 11.41 16.46 18.47

20-30 19.71 18.87 18.94 19.09 19.75 20.70 21.02 22.09 14.99 13.49 12.09 16.53 17.33

6

0-30 16.74 17.77 18.40 16.67 19.48 20.32 20.91 22.03 15.20 12.69 10.51 16.44 19.43

C.V. (%) 12.84 4.70 8.37 8.53 3.26 3.75 4.34 1.93 4.71 5.94 21.42 3.18 79.18

Awal = sebelum pengolahan tanah

0 = setelah pengolahan tanah, sebelum tanam

R1B = ratoon 1 bulan (10 bulan setelah tanam)


C.V. = koefisien variasi

134

Lampiran 16 Kadar air tanah (% volume) selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Kadar air tanah (% volume) pada umur tebu (bulan)

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-to-de

Keda-laman (cm) Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V.

(%)

0-10 18.51 22.47 17.55 20.53 23.30 23.51 26.00 25.02 17.60 15.54 9.20 21.61 23.46

10-20 22.67 25.25 21.14 25.18 26.03 26.75 27.83 28.92 17.62 16.52 12.63 21.85 21.97

20-30 26.46 27.70 24.33 26.80 26.80 27.48 27.94 29.33 18.02 17.46 14.06 22.05 20.72

1

0-30 22.55 25.14 21.01 24.17 25.37 25.91 27.26 27.76 17.75 16.51 11.96 21.84 21.47

0-10 16.64 20.07 17.28 19.78 26.41 23.40 23.89 25.15 18.84 13.50 7.67 20.64 27.10

10-20 21.65 25.15 21.77 24.03 27.97 25.98 25.18 27.77 19.91 16.28 14.10 22.02 18.98

20-30 26.17 28.21 23.69 25.48 28.03 26.60 25.93 27.86 19.91 16.91 15.31 21.46 18.57

2

0-30 21.49 24.48 20.91 23.10 27.47 25.33 25.00 26.93 19.55 15.56 12.36 21.37 20.54

0-10 17.39 20.13 22.89 18.18 22.86 25.28 24.70 25.22 20.25 13.15 9.63 19.44 24.33

10-20 27.71 24.51 24.48 22.88 24.49 27.17 26.25 27.02 20.65 15.22 12.70 19.49 21.26

20-30 27.94 27.05 24.54 24.51 24.79 28.31 27.96 27.73 20.47 16.13 14.73 20.08 20.07

3

0-30 24.35 23.90 23.97 21.86 24.04 26.92 26.30 26.66 20.46 14.83 12.35 19.67 20.85

0-10 14.39 21.51 20.75 19.26 23.18 23.95 22.94 25.97 21.31 13.62 5.61 18.93 29.23

10-20 22.84 23.86 24.61 24.28 26.91 27.14 24.62 28.53 20.72 15.63 12.63 19.77 20.91

20-30 26.25 25.79 23.13 25.76 27.32 28.82 25.24 28.79 20.74 17.06 13.65 19.53 20.43

4

0-30 21.16 23.72 22.83 23.10 25.80 26.64 24.27 27.76 20.92 15.44 10.63 19.41 22.28

0-10 16.01 22.13 18.79 20.26 22.22 22.70 24.21 25.33 18.04 13.91 6.28 18.99 27.40

10-20 21.99 25.99 23.48 24.43 25.43 23.95 26.26 27.51 17.92 14.87 12.66 19.25 21.70

20-30 28.20 28.02 23.92 25.34 25.53 26.09 25.86 28.27 17.89 15.11 13.33 19.59 22.76

5

0-30 22.06 25.38 22.06 23.34 24.39 24.25 25.44 27.04 17.95 14.63 10.75 19.28 22.79

0-10 19.35 18.59 20.49 17.59 22.80 22.23 25.06 26.82 17.71 13.07 8.40 19.59 25.92

10-20 20.76 23.40 23.65 24.06 24.57 25.42 25.60 29.15 17.66 15.45 13.46 20.24 20.86

20-30 28.58 27.33 24.94 26.62 25.18 26.50 25.34 29.97 17.46 15.77 16.09 20.29 20.94

6

0-30 22.90 23.11 23.03 22.76 24.18 24.72 25.33 28.65 17.61 14.76 12.65 20.04 21.24

C.V. (%) 17.99 10.61 9.79 11.18 6.69 6.79 4.95 5.10 7.27 7.99 23.33 5.18 57.75






135

Lampiran 17 Densitas tanah selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Densitas tanah (g/cc) pada umur tebu (bulan)

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-to-de

Keda-laman (cm) Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V.

(%)

0-10 1.35 1.19 1.25 1.28 1.17 1.12 1.15 1.13 1.22 1.28 1.27 1.29 5.89

10-20 1.40 1.31 1.29 1.36 1.27 1.22 1.21 1.26 1.27 1.25 1.24 1.31 4.28

20-30 1.50 1.43 1.39 1.40 1.30 1.26 1.23 1.30 1.30 1.28 1.28 1.32 6.08

1

0-30 1.42 1.31 1.31 1.34 1.24 1.20 1.20 1.23 1.26 1.27 1.26 1.31 4.89

0-10 1.34 1.10 1.23 1.31 1.27 1.13 1.15 1.18 1.14 1.17 1.18 1.32 6.77

10-20 1.45 1.29 1.33 1.39 1.32 1.23 1.22 1.25 1.24 1.26 1.25 1.37 5.69

20-30 1.42 1.49 1.35 1.40 1.34 1.27 1.20 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.25 1.33 6.14

2

0-30 1.41 1.29 1.30 1.37 1.31 1.21 1.19 1.23 1.22 1.24 1.23 1.34 5.34

0-10 1.23 1.15 1.21 1.21 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.25 1.19 1.14 1.25 2.97

10-20 1.54 1.42 1.32 1.32 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.29 1.25 1.19 1.23 7.52

20-30 1.52 1.53 1.38 1.35 1.24 1.28 1.29 1.28 1.30 1.29 1.24 1.26 7.44

3

0-30 1.43 1.37 1.30 1.29 1.21 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.28 1.25 1.19 1.25 5.30

0-10 1.25 1.25 1.38 1.32 1.16 1.15 1.17 1.21 1.32 1.23 1.21 1.26 5.55

10-20 1.38 1.38 1.41 1.41 1.32 1.26 1.23 1.32 1.34 1.27 1.22 1.30 5.05

20-30 1.54 1.51 1.34 1.44 1.34 1.34 1.25 1.32 1.38 1.33 1.21 1.27 7.20

4

0-30 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.39 1.28 1.25 1.22 1.28 1.34 1.28 1.21 1.28 5.09

0-10 1.20 1.18 1.25 1.35 1.20 1.17 1.18 1.17 1.14 1.24 1.19 1.21 4.51

10-20 1.33 1.41 1.34 1.40 1.30 1.21 1.28 1.28 1.13 1.24 1.21 1.21 6.46

20-30 1.51 1.49 1.34 1.42 1.31 1.28 1.25 1.29 1.15 1.23 1.25 1.23 8.34

5

0-30 1.35 1.36 1.31 1.39 1.27 1.22 1.24 1.25 1.14 1.24 1.22 1.22 5.66

0-10 1.35 1.11 1.16 1.30 1.20 1.12 1.21 1.23 1.15 1.12 1.04 1.20 7.08

10-20 1.29 1.33 1.27 1.38 1.25 1.25 1.22 1.32 1.16 1.19 1.18 1.23 5.19

20-30 1.45 1.45 1.32 1.39 1.27 1.28 1.21 1.36 1.16 1.17 1.33 1.23 7.62

6

0-30 1.36 1.29 1.25 1.36 1.24 1.22 1.21 1.30 1.16 1.16 1.18 1.22 5.55

C.V. (%) 6.72 9.38 4.65 3.91 4.31 4.46 2.95 4.31 6.18 3.99 4.46 3.79 35.15






136

Lampiran 18 Porositas tanah selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Porositas tanah (%) pada umur tebu (bulan)

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-to-de

Keda-laman (cm) Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V.

(%)

0-10 49.16 55.02 52.86 51.65 55.95 57.58 56.39 57.22 53.95 51.52 51.92 51.22 5.05

10-20 47.49 50.60 51.38 48.77 52.18 53.95 54.25 52.47 52.10 52.64 53.30 50.65 3.90

20-30 42.77 45.94 47.51 47.19 50.89 52.47 53.66 51.01 50.98 51.44 51.69 49.99 6.32

1

0-30 46.48 50.52 50.58 49.20 53.01 54.67 54.77 53.57 52.34 51.87 52.30 50.62 4.58

0-10 49.29 58.59 53.66 50.64 52.14 57.16 56.55 55.44 57.01 55.84 55.57 50.24 5.67

10-20 45.36 51.23 49.65 47.28 50.10 53.50 53.78 52.91 53.11 52.28 52.66 48.13 5.40

20-30 45.95 43.51 49.02 47.17 49.32 51.94 54.46 51.86 51.80 51.23 52.66 49.61 6.25

2

0-30 46.87 51.11 50.78 48.36 50.52 54.20 54.93 53.41 53.98 53.12 53.63 49.32 4.99

0-10 53.44 56.61 54.11 54.22 55.72 55.28 55.36 55.27 52.68 54.89 56.79 52.87 2.44

10-20 42.23 46.15 50.17 50.17 53.60 53.19 52.62 52.53 51.25 52.58 55.08 53.43 7.06

20-30 42.27 42.20 47.92 49.01 53.21 51.64 51.16 51.63 50.68 51.21 53.18 52.39 7.66

3

0-30 45.98 48.32 50.73 51.13 54.18 53.37 53.05 53.14 51.54 52.89 55.02 52.90 4.93

0-10 52.69 52.62 48.02 49.99 55.99 56.55 55.68 54.31 50.18 53.40 54.28 52.32 4.92

10-20 48.12 48.00 46.72 46.74 50.04 52.53 53.60 50.23 49.53 51.82 53.98 51.04 4.96

20-30 41.50 43.09 49.46 45.49 49.17 49.36 52.66 50.13 47.99 49.67 54.29 51.89 7.71

4

0-30 47.44 47.90 48.07 47.41 51.73 52.81 53.98 51.56 49.24 51.63 54.18 51.75 4.96

0-10 54.70 55.48 52.73 48.88 54.74 55.59 55.48 55.82 56.74 53.14 55.02 54.15 3.79

10-20 50.13 46.57 49.20 47.08 51.05 54.15 51.63 51.68 57.10 53.05 54.21 54.21 6.02

20-30 42.39 43.80 49.49 46.47 50.48 51.59 52.58 51.12 56.61 53.34 52.91 53.64 8.35

5

0-30 49.07 48.62 50.47 47.48 52.09 53.78 53.23 52.87 56.82 53.17 54.05 54.00 5.20

0-10 49.16 58.17 52.73 48.88 54.74 55.59 55.48 55.82 56.74 53.14 55.02 54.63 5.17

10-20 51.63 49.81 49.20 47.08 51.05 54.15 51.63 51.68 57.10 53.05 54.21 53.52 5.09

20-30 44.80 45.27 49.49 46.47 50.48 51.59 52.58 51.12 56.61 53.34 52.91 53.61 7.12

6

0-30 48.53 51.08 50.47 47.48 52.09 53.78 53.23 52.87 56.82 53.17 54.05 53.92 4.91

C.V. (%) 7.72 9.54 3.91 4.15 4.01 3.59 2.79 3.59 5.61 2.39 2.26 3.49 49.50






137

Lampiran 19 Tahanan penetrasi tanah selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) pada umur tebu (bulan)

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-to-de

Keda-laman (cm) Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V.

(%)

0-10 13.7 7.1 8.3 3.8 1.9 5.3 5.6 3.8 5.0 5.2 8.9 5.2 49.81

10-20 20.3 10.0 13.9 8.4 7.8 9.6 9.6 7.3 10.3 10.9 31.1 10.7 54.48

20-30 33.0 13.0 18.6 11.4 10.2 12.6 13.3 11.8 16.8 16.9 42.1 17.4 53.44

1

0-30 21.20 8.80 12.10 7.00 7.10 10.20 6.50 7.80 9.70 10.90 25.60 9.90 52.00

0-10 13.7 3.9 11.4 4.9 3.3 5.1 5.1 4.2 5.3 4.9 7.9 2.8 54.98

10-20 30.0 12.6 12.1 10.9 8.6 10.0 8.8 8.2 11.2 10.3 28.6 7.8 57.69

20-30 38.0 12.6 13.7 14.4 8.8 13.3 13.3 13.3 16.1 16.9 39.8 16.4 55.21

2

0-30 25.30 9.40 11.80 13.20 6.20 9.30 8.50 9.00 8.60 10.90 26.80 7.60 55.07

0-10 12.0 9.7 4.9 6.9 2.9 2.9 5.9 2.7 5.1 5.1 8.2 3.2 50.95

10-20 23.3 16.7 7.6 11.0 8.1 6.4 9.7 5.6 11.4 10.2 31.7 9.0 61.67

20-30 30.0 17.6 13.2 12.2 12.3 9.8 11.6 9.3 17.2 17.8 45.9 16.3 58.72

3

0-30 21.00 13.50 7.90 9.20 7.70 6.20 8.40 6.10 10.60 10.80 27.80 9.40 56.30

0-10 22.3 5.1 10.7 7.4 4.7 3.3 4.4 1.6 4.7 5.3 8.6 3.6 80.41

10-20 26.0 13.0 12.3 13.2 10.3 7.0 8.8 5.3 10.6 10.9 27.4 9.4 53.50

20-30 37.3 14.9 16.3 13.8 10.4 8.9 9.4 10.0 16.0 18.1 37.1 16.2 56.19

4

0-30 27.40 10.50 12.70 9.70 8.40 6.10 6.80 5.20 8.80 10.40 25.50 10.60 60.41

0-10 16.0 3.2 11.1 5.7 3.6 4.4 4.3 4.0 4.7 5.3 11.9 5.1 61.58

10-20 30.7 11.8 14.8 13.7 8.0 8.1 7.8 6.7 9.9 11.9 24.6 9.2 56.08

20-30 51.7 16.0 15.3 14.7 12.2 11.2 9.3 12.3 17.0 20.4 34.3 15.4 63.05

5

0-30 27.90 9.80 10.90 10.70 9.00 7.60 5.80 7.00 10.10 12.50 22.70 11.10 54.14

0-10 13.3 2.7 8.2 4.6 5.1 4.0 4.9 4.2 5.4 5.6 10.4 4.3 50.72

10-20 25.3 13.0 10.0 12.3 9.8 7.1 8.6 8.4 10.7 13.6 21.7 10.2 43.84

20-30 40.7 25.6 12.8 12.0 12.0 9.1 9.7 14.2 15.9 18.3 33.8 19.4 53.31

6

0-30 25.90 13.90 8.50 8.90 7.10 7.30 7.00 9.00 9.80 12.40 18.90 11.50 48.31

C.V. (%) 36.78 44.61 26.69 33.06 38.33 36.24 31.48 45.49 40.22 41.23 44.92 47.62 16.37






138

Lampiran 20 Sifat fisik -mekanik tanah kedalaman 0-30 cm selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Umur tebu (bulan) pada masa pada penelitian

Awal 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B Me-tode Sep

02 Okt 02

Nov 02

Nov 02

Des 02

Jan 03

Feb 03

Apr 03

Jun 03

Jul 03

Agu 03

Okt 03

C.V. (%)

Kadar air tanah (% berat) kedalaman 0-30 cm 1 15.86 19.19 16.01 17.94 20.40 21.59 22.78 22.58 14.08 12.97 9.49 16.72 23.40 2 15.24 18.90 16.00 16.87 20.99 20.90 20.97 21.83 16.08 12.52 10.01 15.94 21.38 3 16.85 17.48 18.41 16.85 19.83 21.81 21.17 21.50 15.96 11.88 10.33 15.79 20.81 4 15.04 17.21 16.62 16.55 20.20 21.32 19.93 21.66 15.59 12.04 8.77 15.21 22.85 5 16.18 18.67 16.80 16.78 19.23 19.82 20.56 21.69 15.71 11.81 8.81 15.84 21.79 6 16.74 17.77 18.40 16.67 19.48 20.32 20.91 22.03 15.20 12.69 10.51 16.44 19.43

Rata2 15.99 18.20 17.04 16.94 20.02 20.96 21.05 21.88 15.44 12.32 9.65 15.99 21.33 Kadar air tanah (% volume) kedalaman 0-30 cm

1 22.55 25.14 21.01 24.17 25.37 25.91 27.26 27.76 17.75 16.51 11.96 21.84 21.47 2 21.49 24.48 20.91 23.10 27.47 25.33 25.00 26.93 19.55 15.56 12.36 21.37 20.54 3 24.35 23.90 23.97 21.86 24.04 26.92 26.30 26.66 20.46 14.83 12.35 19.67 20.85 4 21.16 23.72 22.83 23.10 25.80 26.64 24.27 27.76 20.92 15.44 10.63 19.41 22.28 5 22.06 25.38 22.06 23.34 24.39 24.25 25.44 27.04 17.95 14.63 10.75 19.28 22.79 6 22.90 23.11 23.03 22.76 24.18 24.72 25.33 28.65 17.61 14.76 12.65 20.04 21.24

Rata2 22.42 24.29 22.30 23.05 25.21 25.63 25.60 27.46 19.04 15.29 11.79 20.27 21.09 Densitas tanah (g/cc) kedalaman 0-30 cm

1 1.42 1.31 1.31 1.34 1.24 1.20 1.20 1.23 1.26 1.27 1.26 1.31 4.89 2 1.41 1.29 1.30 1.37 1.31 1.21 1.19 1.23 1.22 1.24 1.23 1.34 5.34 3 1.43 1.37 1.30 1.29 1.21 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.28 1.25 1.19 1.25 5.30 4 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.39 1.28 1.25 1.22 1.28 1.34 1.28 1.21 1.28 5.09 5 1.35 1.36 1.31 1.39 1.27 1.22 1.24 1.25 1.14 1.24 1.22 1.22 5.66 6 1.36 1.29 1.25 1.36 1.24 1.22 1.21 1.30 1.16 1.16 1.18 1.22 5.55

Rata2 1.39 1.33 1.31 1.36 1.26 1.22 1.22 1.25 1.23 1.24 1.22 1.27 4.63 Porositas tanah (%)kedalaman 0-30 cm

1 46.48 50.52 50.58 49.20 53.01 54.67 54.77 53.57 52.34 51.87 52.30 50.62 4.58 2 46.87 51.11 50.78 48.36 50.52 54.20 54.93 53.41 53.98 53.12 53.63 49.32 4.99 3 45.98 48.32 50.73 51.13 54.18 53.37 53.05 53.14 51.54 52.89 55.02 52.90 4.93 4 47.44 47.90 48.07 47.41 51.73 52.81 53.98 51.56 49.24 51.63 54.18 51.75 4.96 5 49.07 48.62 50.47 47.48 52.09 53.78 53.23 52.87 56.82 53.17 54.05 54.00 5.20 6 48.53 51.08 50.47 47.48 52.09 53.78 53.23 52.87 56.82 53.17 54.05 53.92 4.91

Rata2 47.39 49.59 50.18 48.51 52.27 53.77 53.86 52.90 53.45 52.64 53.87 52.08 4.32 Tahanan penetrasi tanah (kgf/cm2) kedalaman 0-30 cm

1 21.20 8.80 12.10 7.00 7.10 10.20 6.50 7.80 9.70 10.90 25.60 9.90 52.00 2 25.30 9.40 11.80 13.20 6.20 9.30 8.50 9.00 8.60 10.90 26.80 7.60 55.07 3 21.00 13.50 7.90 9.20 7.70 6.20 8.40 6.10 10.60 10.80 27.80 9.40 56.30 4 27.40 10.50 12.70 9.70 8.40 6.10 6.80 5.20 8.80 10.40 25.50 10.60 60.41 5 27.90 9.80 10.90 10.70 9.00 7.60 5.80 7.00 10.10 12.50 22.70 11.10 54.14 6 25.90 13.90 8.50 8.90 7.10 7.30 7.00 9.00 9.80 12.40 18.90 11.50 48.31

Rata2 24.78 10.98 10.65 9.78 7.58 7.78 7.17 7.35 9.60 11.32 24.55 10.02 52.42

Awal = sebelum pengolahan tanah 0 = sesudah pengolahan tanah (setelah kair), sebelum tanam R1B = ratoon 1 bulan setelah tebang (10 bulan setelah tanam) R3B = ratoon 3 bulan setelah tebang (12 bulan setelah tanam) C.V. = koefisien variasi (%)

139

Lampiran 21 Hasil kaliberasi instrumen penetrometer

KALIBERASI PENETROMETER Medical Clinic PT Gula Putih Mataram, 06 Januari 2003

Merek instrumen : EIJKELKAMP Diameter kerucut : 11.28 mm

Tipe / model : 06.01 Set A Luas dasar kerucut : 1 cm2

Bobot instrumen : 3.7399 kg

Sudut kerucut : 60 °

HASIL PENGUKURAN HASIL KALIBERASI

Nomor Gaya (kgf)

Skala pembacaan (kN)

Nomor Gaya (kgf) Skala pembacaan (kN)

1. 0.0 0 1. 0 0.0

2. 10.5 0.1 2. 10 0.1

3. 21.0 0.2 3. 20 0.2

4. 30.0 0.3 4. 30 0.3

5. 40.0 0.4 5. 40 0.4

6. 50.0 0.5 6. 50 0.5

7. - - 7. 60 0.6

8. - - 8. 70 0.7

9. - - 9. 80 0.8

10. - - 10. 90 0.9

11. - -

11. 100 1.0

KALIBERASI PENETROMETER

y = 0.01xR2 = 0.9994

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

GAYA (kgf)

SK

AL

A P

EM

BA

CA

AN

(kN

)

140

Lampiran 22 Hasil pengukuran densitas bahan bakar (solar) pada berbagai suhu

Suhu Volume bahan bakar Densitas bahan bakar Nomor

(°C) (cc) (g/cc) (kg/liter)

1 10 149.5 0.828 0.828 2 22 150.0 0.825 0.825 3 31 150.5 0.823 0.823 4 33 151.0 0.820 0.820 5 34 151.5 0.817 0.817 6 39 152.0 0.815 0.815 7 41 152.5 0.812 0.812 8 45 153.0 0.809 0.809 9 47 153.5 0.807 0.807

10 50 154.0 0.804 0.804 11 56 154.5 0.801 0.801 12 59 155.0 0.799 0.799 13 61 155.5 0.796 0.796 14 66 156.0 0.794 0.794 15 73 156.5 0.791 0.791 16 75 157.0 0.789 0.789 17 77 157.5 0.786 0.786 18 80 158.0 0.784 0.784 19 87 158.5 0.781 0.781 20 90 159.0 0.779 0.779 21 91 159.5 0.776 0.776 22 94 160.0 0.774 0.774

Bobot gelas ukur dan bahan bakar = 366.79 gram Bobot gelas ukur = 242.97 gram Bobot bahan bakar = 123.82 gram

y = - 0.0007 x + 0.8402R2 = 0.9887

0.75

0.76

0.77

0.78

0.79

0.80

0.81

0.82

0.83

0.84

0.85

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

SUHU BAHAN BAKAR (°C)

DE

NS

ITA

S (k

g/li

ter)

141

Lampiran 23 Jumlah spesies, penutupan dan bobot kering biomassa gulma di sekitar tebu di areal kebun II

Umur tebu (bulan) Metode

Variabel pengukuran gulma 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 R1B R3B R6B

Jumlah spesies 5 9 9 7 7 0 0 3 0

Penutupan (%) 1.95 5.55 33.33 56.67 38.33 0 0 0.39 0

1

Bobot kering (kg/ha) 0.20 20.64 1086 1161 1273 0 0 0.83 0


Penutupan (%) 1.47 3.85 36.67 63.33 50.56 0 0 0.86 0

2

Bobot kering (kg/ha)

1.30 5.71 1000 1508 1839 0 0 1.05 0


Penutupan (%) 3.61 7.22 55.56 67.78 48.33 0 0 0.50 0

3


1.63 9.80 768.3 1183 1560 0 0 0.63 0


Penutupan (%) 6.11 8.89 45.56 63.89 56.11 0 0 0.80 0

4


10.73 39.54 624.1 1460 1524 0 0 0.98 0

Jumlah spesies 8 10 8 7 7 0 0 2 0

Penutupan (%) 4.23 4.72 56.67 69.44 35.55 0 0 0.39 0

5

Bobot kering (kg/ha) 2.39 4.91 1012 1368 1308 0 0 0.62 0


Penutupan (%) 4.72 3.61 46.67 61.67 30.00 0 0 0.42 0

6


11.19 13.72 591.0 870.1 1177 0 0 0.49 0




142

Lampiran 24 Komposisi gulma di sekitar tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Spesies gulma yang muncul pada saat umur tebu (bulan)

Metode Spesies gulma*) 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 R1 R3 R6

Frekuensi pemunculan

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL - V V V V - - - - 0.44

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI - - V V V - - - - 0.33

CY - V V V V - - - - 0.44

IM V V V - - - - V - 0.44

CL V V V V V - - - - 0.56

RI V V V - - - - - - 0.33

BO - V V V V - - - - 0.44

MO - - - - - - - - - 0

1

CR - V - - - - - - 0.11

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL - V V V V - - - - 0.44

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI - V V V - - - - - 0.33

CY - V V V - - - - - 0.33

IM V V V V - - - - - 0.44

CL V V V V - - - - - 0.44

RI V - - - - - - - - 0.11

BO V V V V V - - - - 0.56

MO - - - - - - - - - 0

2

CR - - - - - - - - - 0

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL - V V V V - - - - 0.44

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI - V V V - - - - - 0.33

CY - V V V V - - - - 0.44

IM V V V - - - - - - 0.33

CL V V V V - - - - - 0.44

RI - - - - - - - - - 0

BO V V V V V - - - - 0.56

MO - V - - - - - - - 0.11

3

CR - - - - - - - - - 0

R1 = ratoon 1 bulan, R3 = ratoon 3 bulan, dan R6 = ratoon 6 bulan *) BR = Brachiaria platyphylla, EL = Eleusine indica, DA = Dactyloctenium aegyptium , DI =

Digitaria adscendens, CY = Cyperus rotundus , IM = Imperata cylindrica, CL = Cleome gynandra, RI = Richardia brasiliensis, BO = Borreria alata, MO = Momordica charantia, dan CR = Croton hirtus .

143

Lampiran 24 Komposisi gulma di sekitar tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II (Lanjutan)

Spesies gulma yang muncul pada saat umur tebu (bulan)

Metode Spesies gulma*) 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 R1 R3 R6

Frekuensi pemunculan

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL V V V V V - - - - 0.56

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI V V V V V - - - - 0.56

CY V V V V - - - - - 0.44

IM V V V V V - - - - 0.56

CL V V V - - - - - - 0.33

RI - - - - - - - - - 0

BO V V V V V - - - - 0.56

MO V - - - - - - - - 0.11

4

CR - - - - - - - - - 0

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL V V V V V - - - - 0.56

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI V V V V V - - - - 0.56

CY V V V V V - - - - 0.56

IM V V V - - - - - - 0.33

CL V V V V V - - - - 0.56

RI - V - - - - - - - 0.11

BO V V V V V - - - - 0.56

MO - V - - - - - - - 0.11

5

CR - - - - - - - - - 0

BR V V V V V - - V - 0.67

EL V V V V V - - - - 0.56

DA V V V V V - - V - 0.67

DI V V V V - - - - - 0.44

CY V V V V V - - - - 0.56

IM - V V V - - - - - 0.33

CL V V V V - - - - - 0.44

RI - - - - - - - - - 0

BO V - V V - - - - - 0.33

MO V - - - - - - - - 0.11

6

CR V - - - - - - - - 0.11

R1 = ratoon 1 bulan, R3 = ratoon 3 bulan, dan R6 = ratoon 6 bulan *) BR = Brachiaria platyphylla, EL = Eleusine indica, DA = Dactyloctenium aegyptium , DI =

Digitaria adscendens, CY = Cyperus rotundus , IM = Imperata cylindrica, CL = Cleome gynandra, RI = Richardia brasiliensis, BO = Borreria alata, MO = Momordica charantia, dan CR = Croton hirtus .

144

Lampiran 25 Produktivitas tebu dan gula pada umur tebu 9 bulan setelah tanam

JBS TBS BN Brix Pol Purity RGT PTS PGS Kepa-datan / Metode

Letak (batang) (kg) (kg) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ton/ha) (ton/ha)

A - 16 14.4 8.0 15.43 12.74 82.57 12.14 110.77 13.45

B - 16 9.0 4.9 14.46 11.61 80.29 10.99 69.23 7.61

C - 8 4.8 2.6 13.96 9.85 70.56 8.96 36.92 3.31

D - 10 6.6 3.6 11.96 8.61 71.99 7.88 50.77 4.00

E - 12 8.3 4.6 12.03 9.52 79.14 8.96 63.85 5.72

F - 11 7.0 3.9 13.16 9.58 72.80 8.78 53.85 4.73

I 14 11.0 6.0 20.06 17.49 87.18 16.93 84.62 14.32 II 10 7.0 3.8 13.66 10.48 76.72 9.79 53.85 5.27 III 7 3.9 2.1 13.36 9.87 73.88 9.12 30.00 2.74 1

Rata2 10 7.3 4.0 15.69 12.61 79.26 11.95 56.15 6.71

I 12 11.2 6.2 16.55 14.69 88.76 14.28 86.15 12.30 II 13 8.1 4.4 15.15 12.23 80.73 11.60 62.31 7.22 III 9 5.3 2.9 13.15 9.63 73.23 8.86 40.77 3.61 2

Rata2 11 8.2 4.5 14.95 12.18 80.91 11.58 63.08 7.30

I 6 4.4 2.4 15.65 12.51 79.94 11.82 33.85 4.00 II 8 6.7 3.7 17.55 13.46 76.70 12.56 51.54 6.47 III 5 5.1 2.8 16.25 13.10 80.62 12.41 39.23 4.87 3

Rata2 6 5.4 3.0 16.48 13.02 79.08 12.26 41.54 5.09

I 10 8.0 4.5 17.56 15.12 86.10 14.57 61.54 8.97 II 10 6.0 3.3 15.25 12.45 81.64 11.83 46.15 5.46 III 7 3.8 2.1 15.26 12.58 82.44 11.99 29.23 3.50 4

Rata2 9 5.9 3.3 16.02 13.38 83.39 12.80 45.64 5.84

I 7 4.2 2.3 17.55 13.62 77.61 12.76 32.31 4.12 II 8 6.0 3.3 19.76 17.61 89.12 17.14 46.15 7.91 III 10 5.7 3.2 17.85 14.65 82.07 13.93 43.85 6.11 5

Rata2 8 5.3 2.9 18.39 15.29 82.93 14.61 40.77 5.96

I 8 4.2 2.3 15.05 11.40 75.75 10.60 32.31 3.42 II 7 3.5 1.9 15.35 12.17 79.28 11.48 26.92 3.09 III 10 6.5 3.6 15.05 11.24 74.68 10.40 50.00 5.20 6

Rata2 8 4.7 2.6 15.15 11.60 76.57 10.83 36.41 3.94

JBS = jumlah batang tebu sampling TBS = total bobot batang tebu sampling BN = bobot nira tebu RGT = rendemen giling tebu PTS = produktivitas tebu sampling PGS = produktivitas gula sampling.

145

Lampiran 26 Produktivitas tebu pada umur tebu ratoon 6 bulan setelah tebang

JBS TBS BN Brix Pol Purity RGT PTS PGS Kepa-datan / Metode

Letak (batang) (kg) (kg) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ton/ha) (ton/ha)

A 15 8.00 61.54

B 18 9.60 73.85

C 14 8.00 61.54

D 16 8.50 65.38

E 14 7.50 57.69

F 18 14.00 107.69

I 12 6.80 52.31 II 12 6.00 46.15 III 10 5.10 39.23 1

Rata2 11 5.97 45.90

I 10 7.50 57.69 II 13 7.00 53.85 III 11 5.80 44.62 2

Rata2 11 6.77 52.05

I 11 7.50 57.69 II 10 5.40 41.54 III 13 8.70 66.92 3

Rata2 11 7.20 55.38

I 11 8.80 67.69 II 12 7.80 60.00 III 11 6.40 49.23 4

Rata2 11 7.67 58.97

I 15 9.00 69.23 II 12 6.40 49.23 III 10 6.50 50.00 5

Rata2 12 7.30 56.15

I 12 6.60 50.77 II 11 6.10 46.92 III 11 7.30 56.15 6

Rata2 11 6.67 51.28

JBS = jumlah batang tebu sampling TBS = total bobot batang tebu sampling BN = bobot nira tebu RGT = rendemen giling tebu PTS = produktivitas tebu sampling PGS = produktivitas gula sampling.

146

Lampiran 27 Pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun I

Umur tebu (bulan) selama masa penelitian 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B R6B Kepa-

datan Nov 2002

Nov 2002

Des 2002

Jan 2003

Feb 2003

Apr 2003

Jun 2003

Jul 2003

Agu 2003

Okt 2003

Jan 2004

Rata-rata

Panjang akar tebu (PAT), cm A 8.84 14.14 25.80 31.30 28.26 20.54 25.36 25.08 18.54 18.90 19.42 21.53 B 5.02 15.48 27.40 25.86 39.38 22.80 22.44 16.24 16.90 20.46 35.28 23.42 C 6.62 14.76 12.80 26.72 28.50 21.30 16.72 17.66 24.78 27.94 23.94 21.66 D 7.22 18.18 19.58 35.22 28.62 22.08 19.06 18.72 43.84 18.40 24.40 23.65 E 10.74 18.54 22.06 33.76 28.68 17.12 25.50 17.42 17.60 15.60 25.34 20.76 F 8.52 17.64 19.92 27.40 27.24 26.78 28.40 21.14 15.94 19.88 49.70 24.74

Rata2 7.83 16.46 21.26 30.04 30.11 21.77 22.91 19.38 22.93 20.20 29.68 22.63 Bobot kering akar tebu (BKA), gram/rumpun

A 0.04 3.07 9.61 9.19 19.36 14.93 9.10 2.28 7.69 28.91 18.17 13.80 B 0.10 3.86 11.69 5.04 40.26 26.42 5.62 1.62 3.02 4.92 31.53 13.81 C 0.04 1.77 5.19 6.09 40.31 13.81 5.90 1.42 3.19 6.51 16.65 10.47 D 0.20 2.40 4.52 8.03 32.61 16.93 6.53 2.70 4.32 5.90 16.40 10.37 E 0.05 1.57 7.15 8.45 57.44 45.82 6.17 3.29 3.52 7.31 30.14 18.39 F 0.19 1.71 8.81 20.63 51.53 38.74 16.20 3.23 1.64 11.02 27.91 19.00

Rata2 0.10 2.40 7.83 9.57 40.25 26.11 8.25 2.42 3.90 10.76 23.47 14.31

Jumlah anakan tebu (JAT), batang/rumpun A 0 2 3 1 2 3 2 0 3 3 0 1.97 B 0 1 4 2 1 4 1 0 4 2 1 2.02 C 0 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 3 0 1.73 D 0 3 1 2 3 4 2 0 2 5 0 2.42 E 0 1 1 2 3 5 0 5 2 1 1 2.02 F 0 2 3 7 2 1 2 0 2 3 0 2.00

Rata2 0.00 1.83 2.33 2.83 2.17 3.00 1.50 1.00 2.50 2.83 0.33 2.03 Tinggi batang tebu (TBT), cm

A 9.10 19.33 26.25 37.50 107.75 130.00 268.50 284.00 11.10 26.00 170.00 101.85 B 7.98 18.25 33.65 47.00 117.20 142.50 217.00 251.00 9.50 32.50 165.00 98.58 C 12.30 14.93 24.35 43.50 97.03 112.00 194.00 218.00 10.50 30.50 154.50 85.83 D 14.04 15.50 29.17 46.80 83.65 131.00 188.00 203.00 11.00 29.00 163.50 86.76 E 12.23 13.43 26.07 53.25 110.00 172.00 190.00 223.00 13.20 27.00 150.00 94.99 F 14.00 11.65 31.50 45.80 92.25 138.00 199.00 225.00 14.50 31.00 167.00 92.04

Rata2 11.61 15.52 28.50 45.64 101.31 137.58 209.42 234.00 11.63 29.33 161.67 93.34

Diameter batang tebu (DBT), mm

A 6.03 8.40 22.00 26.25 23.95 22.00 21.83 23.18 6.53 16.18 24.40 18.68 B 6.35 10.78 21.43 24.80 24.55 21.05 23.70 21.53 4.43 12.48 25.38 17.96 C 5.15 12.35 18.80 25.18 22.83 17.00 21.65 20.68 6.75 13.48 20.75 16.81 D 7.30 12.50 20.53 25.80 22.48 22.53 22.83 18.33 6.13 12.70 23.88 17.83 E 5.50 10.58 19.03 25.20 24.58 23.43 22.88 22.23 8.95 13.98 21.55 18.39 F 6.93 10.88 28.08 27.10 23.80 22.90 23.03 21.48 8.73 15.38 20.08 19.07

Rata2 6.21 10.92 21.65 25.72 23.70 21.49 22.65 21.24 6.92 14.03 22.67 18.12

R1B = ratoon 1 bulan setelah tebang (10 bulan setelah tanam) R3B = ratoon 3 bulan setelah tebang (12 bulan setelah tanam) R6B = ratoon 6 bulan setelah tebang (15 bulan setelah tanam)

147

Lampiran 27 Pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun I (Lanjutan)

Umur tebu (bulan) selama masa penelitian

0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B R6B Kepa-datan Nov

2002 Nov 2002

Des 2002

Jan 2003

Feb 2003

Apr 2003

Jun 2003

Jul 2003

Agu 2003

Okt 2003

Jan 2004

Rata-rata

Penutupan gulma (PGT), %

A 1.00 4.00 46.67 53.33 36.67 0 0 0 0 0.42 0 10.64 B 0.75 3.06 40.00 56.67 43.33 0 0 0 0 0.16 0 10.98 C 0.56 2.25 56.67 65.00 50.00 0 0 0 0 0.33 0 13.30 D 0.25 2.25 60.00 70.00 40.00 0 0 0 0 1.00 0 12.95 E 0.56 6.25 60.00 66.67 53.33 0 0 0 0 0.50 0 14.19 F 0.75 5.06 66.67 70.00 45.00 0 0 0 0 0.33 0 13.94

Rata2 0.65 3.81 55.00 63.61 44.72 0 0 0 0 0.46 0 12.67

Bobot kering biomassa gulma (BBG), kg/ha A 0.64 20.74 572.50 723.67 2265.00 0 0 0 0 0.41 0 314.04 B 0.17 22.07 716.28 639.47 1694.67 0 0 0 0 0.24 0 261.00 C 0.19 22.66 772.08 1472.23 708.90 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 221.66 D 0.13 17.44 949.08 1168.50 1096.90 0 0 0 0 0.07 0 251.75 E 0.34 59.58 949.08 1400.67 1743.07 0 0 0 0 0.22 0 333.98 F 0.17 22.02 1469.72 2430.80 785.83 0 0 0 0 0.05 0 339.73

Rata2 0.27 27.42 904.79 1305.89 1382.40 0 0 0 0 0.17 0 287.03 Produktivitas tebu sampling (PTS), ton/ha

A - - - - - - 100.0 110.8 - - 61.54 - B - - - - - - 56.92 69.23 - - 73.85 - C - - - - - - 76.92 36.92 - - 61.54 - D - - - - - - 84.62 50.77 - - 65.38 - E - - - - - - 92.31 63.85 - - 57.69 - F - - - - - - 40.77 53.85 - - 107.69 -

Rata2 - - - - - - 75.26 64.23 - - 71.28 Rendemen giling tebu (RGT), %

A - - - - - - 10.46 10.59 - - - - B - - - - - - 10.41 12.27 - - - - C - - - - - - 13.41 12.37 - - - - D - - - - - - 9.46 10.71 - - - - E - - - - - - 8.75 9.71 - - - - F - - - - - - 10.56 12.45 - - - -

Rata2 - - - - - - 10.51 11.35 - - - Produktivitas gula sampling (PGS), ton/ha

A - - - - - - 12.80 13.45 - - - - B - - - - - - 7.76 7.61 - - - - C - - - - - - 6.04 3.31 - - - - D - - - - - - 7.18 4.00 - - - - E - - - - - - 8.18 5.72 - - - - F - - - - - - 3.89 4.73 - - - -

Rata2 - - - - - - 7.64 6.47 - - -


148

Lampiran 28 Pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II

Umur tebu (bulan) selama masa penelitian 0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B R6B Me-

tode Nov 2002

Nov 2002

Des 2002

Jan 2003

Feb 2003

Apr 2003

Jun 2003

Jul 2003

Agu 2003

Okt 2003

Jan 2004

Rata-rata

Panjang akar tebu (PAT), cm 1 7.36 24.03 21.83 23.85 25.13 20.59 28.09 21.91 22.13 24.50 21.37 22.45 2 9.51 17.97 25.99 23.79 31.26 20.50 21.45 19.75 19.53 19.10 30.80 22.07 3 8.33 18.13 24.17 25.94 28.87 22.21 22.10 15.92 16.00 18.30 22.57 20.55 4 8.32 19.43 21.75 24.39 23.01 21.27 20.63 20.58 14.79 21.18 21.03 20.01 5 8.23 14.84 27.05 22.48 21.24 18.94 16.71 20.21 19.01 21.56 23.87 19.87 6 12.04 19.06 23.91 21.76 28.77 23.75 23.57 21.89 17.43 20.44 23.67 21.78

Rata2 8.97 18.91 24.12 23.70 26.38 21.21 22.09 20.04 18.15 20.85 23.89 21.12 Bobot kering akar tebu (BKA), gram/rumpun

1 0.16 2.71 6.60 12.66 11.38 32.57 14.54 4.73 5.05 7.06 9.62 11.32 2 1.84 1.85 13.02 9.42 17.29 22.55 11.63 5.66 4.37 9.66 14.90 11.46 3 0.49 1.65 5.47 7.44 10.16 23.75 5.98 2.45 3.65 7.28 8.11 8.29 4 0.36 2.01 7.42 12.03 13.44 36.39 4.46 3.74 3.45 8.59 8.37 10.91 5 0.54 1.31 7.00 5.19 12.99 20.93 5.80 5.54 3.95 11.82 9.23 9.22 6 0.99 1.57 5.57 7.16 18.14 20.48 4.89 3.80 3.06 5.76 8.34 8.35

Rata2 0.73 1.85 7.51 8.98 13.90 26.11 7.88 4.32 3.92 8.36 9.76 9.92

Jumlah anakan tebu (JAT), batang/rumpun 1 0.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 4.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 4.00 0.00 1.87 2 0.00 2.00 4.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 7.00 0.00 2.83 3 0.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 1.67 4 0.00 3.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 0.00 2.18 5 0.00 1.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 5.00 0.00 2.05 6 0.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2.00 3.00 0.00 1.77

Rata2 0.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 1.83 3.17 1.00 0.50 1.67 4.33 0.00 2.06 Tinggi batang tebu (TBT), cm

1 11.64 13.89 22.06 49.87 78.90 165.83 235.67 237.67 13.33 33.33 139.50 96.13 2 6.08 13.04 29.90 47.47 97.59 149.00 217.33 229.00 11.00 33.00 143.00 93.54 3 9.57 11.97 23.51 48.38 86.13 137.67 223.33 246.67 16.67 36.67 151.83 94.42 4 6.35 12.04 24.54 53.65 95.01 176.67 233.67 230.00 14.27 33.67 171.00 101.92 5 7.12 11.71 27.87 50.29 82.82 139.00 238.67 217.00 11.93 30.67 177.17 95.20 6 8.57 11.40 27.26 55.07 95.48 156.83 232.67 231.00 20.00 35.80 167.50 100.19

Rata2 8.22 12.34 25.86 50.79 89.32 154.17 230.22 231.89 14.53 33.86 158.33 96.90

Diameter batang tebu (DBT), mm

1 6.43 13.68 23.58 29.28 25.13 23.63 22.13 21.38 8.14 14.93 20.80 19.11 2 7.83 10.78 24.77 24.49 25.74 23.12 19.91 22.83 6.99 15.02 21.78 18.63 3 6.49 11.46 24.03 25.37 23.54 23.78 20.69 21.83 11.19 16.76 22.21 19.27 4 7.04 14.18 24.03 23.80 23.78 22.72 22.27 21.35 8.68 14.82 24.08 18.94 5 6.53 12.09 22.50 26.24 23.53 22.38 21.39 21.31 6.92 15.02 23.04 18.47 6 8.30 12.99 21.21 26.59 24.36 23.20 21.07 22.15 13.79 16.99 21.92 19.63

Rata2 7.10 12.53 23.35 25.96 24.35 23.14 21.24 21.81 9.29 15.59 22.31 19.01


149

Lampiran 28 Pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu selama masa penelitian di areal kebun II (Lanjutan)

Umur tebu (bulan) selama masa penelitian

0.5 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 R1B R3B R6B Me-tode Nov

2002 Nov 2002

Des 2002

Jan 2003

Feb 2003

Apr 2003

Jun 2003

Jul 2003

Agu 2003

Okt 2003

Jan 2004

Rata-rata

Penutupan gulma (PGT), %

1 1.95 5.55 23.33 56.67 38.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 9.57 2 1.47 3.85 36.67 63.33 50.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.86 0.00 12.11 3 3.61 7.22 55.56 67.78 48.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 13.62 4 6.11 8.89 45.56 63.89 56.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.00 13.69 5 4.23 4.72 56.67 69.44 35.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 12.40 6 4.72 3.61 46.67 61.67 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.00 10.63

Rata2 3.68 5.64 44.08 63.80 43.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.56 0.00 12.01

Bobot kering biomassa gulma (BBG), kg/ha 1 0.17 20.65 467.24 1161.11 1273.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.83 0.00 237.07 2 1.29 5.73 884.31 1507.78 1838.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 343.87 3 1.62 9.81 996.38 1183.33 1560.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.63 0.00 301.96 4 10.76 39.52 1036.40 1460.00 1524.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 0.00 321.37 5 2.41 4.90 1148.60 1367.78 1308.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.00 299.08 6 11.18 13.71 699.44 871.11 1177.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00 223.62

Rata2 4.57 15.72 872.06 1258.52 1447.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.00 287.83 Produktivitas tebu sampling (PTS), ton/ha

1 - - - - - - 79.74 56.15 - - 45.90 - 2 - - - - - - 47.69 63.08 - - 52.05 - 3 - - - - - - 69.74 41.54 - - 55.38 - 4 - - - - - - 68.97 45.64 - - 58.97 - 5 - - - - - - 50.51 40.77 - - 56.15 - 6 - - - - - - 48.72 36.41 - - 51.28 -

Rata2 - - - - - - 60.90 47.27 - - 53.29 Rendemen giling tebu (RGT), %

1 - - - - - - 10.70 11.95 - - - - 2 - - - - - - 7.99 11.57 - - - - 3 - - - - - - 12.17 12.25 - - - - 4 - - - - - - 11.27 12.80 - - - - 5 - - - - - - 10.95 14.62 - - - - 6 - - - - - - 8.21 10.82 - - - -

Rata2 - - - - - - 10.21 12.34 - - - Produktivitas gula sampling (PGS), ton/ha

1 - - - - - - 8.53 6.71 - - - - 2 - - - - - - 3.81 7.30 - - - - 3 - - - - - - 8.49 5.09 - - - - 4 - - - - - - 7.77 5.84 - - - - 5 - - - - - - 5.53 5.96 - - - - 6 - - - - - - 4.00 3.94 - - - -

Rata2 - - - - - - 6.36 5.81 - - - R1B = ratoon 1 bulan setelah tebang (10 bulan setelah tanam) R3B = ratoon 3 bulan setelah tebang (12 bulan setelah tanam) R6B = ratoon 6 bulan setelah tebang (15 bulan setelah tanam)

150

Lampiran 29 Rekapitulasi hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata variabel penelitian pada umur tebu 0 hingga 9 bulan setelah tanam di areal kebun I

Kepadatan Tanah Variabel

Penelitian Satuan A B C D E F

Rata- rata

Simpangan Baku

KAT % 17.85 13.97 14.98 14.60 13.67 11.63 14.450 2.032

DST g/cc 1.340 1.270 1.310 1.320 1.380 1.550 1.362 0.099

PST % 49.43 52.08 50.57 50.19 47.92 41.51 48.616 3.739

TPT kgf/cm2 29.30 28.20 29.00 22.00 23.60 27.50 26.600 3.052

JTM tunas/m2 - - - - - - - -

PAT cm 22.91 23.76 19.24 21.90 22.15 23.60 22.259 1.657

BKA g/rumpun 10.53 15.79 12.25 12.04 22.83 23.50 16.159 5.700

JAT btg/rumpun 1.94 1.97 1.67 2.31 2.31 2.17 2.060 0.248

TBT cm 116.57 112.24 94.97 96.18 111.22 102.05 105.54 9.061

DBT mm 20.20 20.30 18.54 20.15 20.45 21.51 20.194 0.953

PGT % 17.612 18.259 22.071 21.313 23.515 23.149 20.986 2.497

BBG kg/ha 523.28 434.93 369.42 419.56 556.58 566.21 478.33 81.320

PTS ton/ha 110.77 69.23 36.92 50.77 63.85 53.85 64.231 25.400

RGT % 12.14 10.99 8.96 7.88 8.96 8.78 9.62 1.600

PGS ton/ha 13.45 7.61 3.31 4.00 5.72 4.73 6.469 3.733

KAT = kadar air tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), DST = densitas tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), PST = porositas tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), TPT = tahanan penetrasi tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), JTM = jumlah tunas tebu muncul rata-rata, PAT = panjang akar tebu rata-rata, BKA = bobot kering akar tebu rata-rata, JAT = jumlah anakan tebu rata-rata, TBT = tinggi batang tebu rata-rata, DBT = diameter batang tebu rata-rata, PGT = penutupan gulma tebu rata-rata, BBG = bobot kering biomassa gulma tebu rata-rata, PTS = produktivitas tebu sampling rata-rata, RGT = rendemen giling tebu rata-rata, PGS = produktivitas gula sampling rata-rata, dan btg = batang

151

Lampiran 30 Rekapitulasi hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata variabel penelitian pada umur tebu 0 hingga 9 bulan setelah tanam di areal kebun II

Metode Pengolahan Tanah Variabel

Penelitian Satuan 1 2 3 4 5 6

Rata- rata

Simpangan Baku

KAT % 19.19 18.90 17.48 17.21 18.67 17.77 18.202 0.823

DST g/cc 1.310 1.290 1.370 1.380 1.360 1.300 1.333 0.041

PST % 50.57 51.19 48.43 47.92 48.68 51.07 49.686 1.559

TPT kgf/cm2 8.80 9.40 13.50 10.50 9.80 13.90 10.983 2.179

JTM tunas/m2 8.67 11.33 8.33 12.67 5.67 6.33 8.833 2.739

PAT cm 22.15 21.99 21.86 20.35 18.85 22.55 21.293 1.411

BKA g/rumpun 14.20 12.90 9.70 13.63 9.58 10.20 11.701 2.101

JAT btg/rumpun 1.83 2.56 1.61 2.14 1.64 1.78 1.926 0.362

TBT cm 112.28 108.34 105.39 116.86 106.58 112.95 110.401 4.375

DBT mm 21.69 20.82 20.67 20.80 20.43 20.81 20.870 0.427

PGT % 15.85 19.94 22.56 22.59 20.57 17.60 20.037 2.392

BBG kg/ha 394.88 572.82 503.10 535.34 498.29 372.57 479.50 71.849

PTS ton/ha 56.15 63.08 41.54 45.64 40.77 36.41 47.265 10.242

RGT % 11.95 11.57 12.25 12.80 14.62 10.82 12.34 1.99

PGS ton/ha 6.71 7.30 5.09 5.84 5.96 3.94 5.81 1.189

KAT = kadar air tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), DST = densitas tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), PST = porositas tanah rata-rata hasil pengolaha n tanah (setelah dikair), TPT = tahanan penetrasi tanah rata-rata hasil pengolahan tanah (setelah dikair), JTM = jumlah tunas tebu muncul rata-rata, PAT = panjang akar tebu rata-rata, BKA = bobot kering akar tebu rata-rata, JAT = jumlah anakan tebu rata-rata, TBT = tinggi batang tebu rata-rata, DBT = diameter batang tebu rata-rata, PGT = penutupan gulma tebu rata-rata, BBG = bobot kering biomassa gulma tebu rata-rata, PTS = produktivitas tebu sampling rata-rata, RGT = rendemen giling tebu rata-rata, PGS = produktivitas gula sampling rata-rata, dan btg = batang

152

Lampiran 31 Rekapitulasi hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata variabel penelitian pada tebu ratoon 1 hingga 6 bulan setelah tebang di areal kebun I

Kepadatan Tanah Variabel

Penelitian Satuan A B C D E F

Rata- rata

Simpangan Baku

KAT % 17.85 13.97 14.98 14.60 13.67 11.63 14.450 2.032

DST g/cc 1.340 1.270 1.310 1.320 1.380 1.550 1.362 0.099

PST % 49.43 52.08 50.57 50.19 47.92 41.51 48.616 3.739

TPT kgf/cm2 29.30 28.20 29.00 22.00 23.60 27.50 26.600 3.052

JTM tunas/m2 - - - - - - - -

PAT cm 19.46 22.92 25.29 26.29 18.69 26.46 23.183 3.434

BKA g/rumpun 10.37 10.82 7.79 7.86 11.74 12.25 10.138 1.908

JAT btg/rumpun 2.00 2.08 1.83 2.58 1.58 1.75 1.972 0.348

TBT cm 79.78 78.08 72.13 72.63 70.63 77.04 75.047 3.727

DBT mm 16.41 14.45 14.22 14.32 15.30 15.40 15.015 0.850

PGT % 0.175 0.067 0.138 0.417 0.208 0.138 0.190 0.121

BBG kg/ha 0.171 0.100 0.021 0.029 0.092 0.021 0.072 0.060

PTS ton/ha 61.54 73.85 61.54 65.38 57.69 107.69 71.282 18.663

RGT % - - - - - - - -

PGS ton/ha - - - - - - - -


153

Lampiran 32 Rekapitulasi hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata variabel penelitian pada tebu ratoon 1 hingga 6 bulan setelah tebang di areal kebun II

Metode Pengolahan Tanah Variabel

Penelitian Satuan 1 2 3 4 5 6

Rata- rata

Simpangan Baku

KAT % 19.19 18.90 17.48 17.21 18.67 17.77 18.202 0.823

DST g/cc 1.310 1.290 1.370 1.380 1.360 1.300 1.333 0.041

PST % 50.57 51.19 48.43 47.92 48.68 51.07 49.686 1.559

TPT kgf/cm2 8.80 9.40 13.50 10.50 9.80 13.90 10.983 2.179

JTM tunas/m2 - - - - - - - -

PAT cm 22.91 22.19 18.59 19.50 21.39 20.62 20.865 1.631

BKA g/rumpun 7.00 9.31 6.18 6.85 8.68 5.57 7.265 1.450

JAT btg/rumpun 1.92 3.25 1.75 2.25 2.67 1.75 2.264 0.597

TBT cm 71.90 71.33 77.96 79.51 78.14 81.04 76.648 4.056

DBT mm 15.24 15.35 17.15 16.14 15.52 17.85 16.211 1.071

PGT % 0.163 0.358 0.208 0.333 0.163 0.175 0.233 0.089

BBG kg/ha 0.346 0.438 0.263 0.408 0.258 0.204 0.319 0.093

PTS ton/ha 45.90 52.05 55.38 58.97 56.15 51.28 53.291 4.585

RGT % - - - - - - - -

PGS ton/ha - - - - - - - -


154

Lampiran 33 Kurva-kurva hubungan densitas tanah dengan variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II

y = 72333x3 - 287142x2 + 379826x - 167409R2 = 0.9992

0

3

6

9

12

15

1.28 1.30 1.32 1.34 1.36 1.38 1.40

Densitas Tanah (DST), g/cc

JTM

(tu

nas

/m2 )

y = 1557.6x3 - 6348x2 + 8587x - 3834.4R2 = 0.7997

15

18

21

24

27

30

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


PA

T (c

m)

y = -2259.5x 3 + 9673.7x2 - 13738x + 6486.1R2 = 0.6235

5

10

15

20

25

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


BK

A (

g/r

um

pu

n)

155

Lampiran 33 Kurva-kurva hubungan densitas tanah dengan variab el pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II (Lanjutan)

y = 192.65x3 - 801.07x2 + 1105.9x - 505.03R2 = 0.1306

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


JAT

(b

atan

g/r

um

pu

n)

y = -8922.5x 3 + 37353x 2 - 51969x + 24128R2 = 0.2912

80

90

100

110

120

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


TB

T (c

m)

y = -417.36x3 + 1737.3x2 - 2398.9x + 1117.8R2 = 0.3121

17

18

19

20

21

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


DB

T (m

m)

156

Lampiran 33 Kurva-kurva hubungan densitas tanah dengan variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II (Lanjutan)

y = -1078.1x3 + 4462.5x 2 - 6123.3x + 2798.7R2 = 0.6361

10

12

14

16

18

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


PG

T (%

)

y = -3755.2x3 + 15888x2 - 21880x + 10131R2 = 0.5323

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


BB

G (k

g/h

a)

y = 9152.1x 3 - 38181x2 + 52888x - 24273R2 = 0.0299

30

45

60

75

90

105

120

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


PT

S (t

on

/ha)

157

Lampiran 33 Kurva-kurva hubungan densitas tanah dengan variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II (Lanjutan)

y = -2263.3x 3 + 9366x2 - 12877x + 5893.9R2 = 0.3572

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


RG

T (%

)

y = 395.08x3 - 1694.1x2 + 2407.3x - 1127.7R2 = 0.051

3

6

9

12

15

1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60


PG

S (

ton

/ha)

158

Lampiran 34 Kurva-kurva hubungan tahanan penetrasi tanah dengan variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II

y = -0.3398x 3 + 10.758x2 - 111.27x + 386.55R2 = 0.361

3

6

9

12

15

18

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Tahanan Penetrasi Tanah (TPT), kgf/cm2

JTM

(tu

nas

/m2 )

y = -0.0027x 3 + 0.1538x2 - 2.6306x + 34.723R2 = 0.3584

15

18

21

24

27

30

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


PA

T (c

m)

y = -0.0093x 3 + 0.5399x2 - 9.4102x + 59.476R2 = 0.609

5

10

15

20

25

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


BK

A (

g/r

um

pu

n)

159

Lampiran 34 Kurva-kurva hubungan tahanan penetrasi tanah dengan variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tebu di areal kebun I dan II (Lanjutan)

y = -0.0008x3 + 0.0451x2 - 0.8174x + 6.5624R2 = 0.2948

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


JAT

(bat

ang

/ru

mp

un

)

y = 0.0089x3 - 0.4867x2 + 7.9371x + 57.26R2 = 0.2107

80

90

100

110

120

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


TBT

(cm

)

y = 0.0009x3 - 0.0535x2 + 0.9775x + 13.643R2 = 0.3723

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


DB

T (m

m)

160


y = -0.0011x3 + 0.0483x2 - 0.4989x + 13.23R2 = 0.203

8

10

12

14

16

18

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


PGT

(%)

y = -0.1081x3 + 6.5214x 2 - 119.3x + 940.92R2 = 0.291

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


BB

G (

kg/h

a)

y = -0.0378x3 + 2.1967x2 - 39.214x + 259.1R2 = 0.4987

30

45

60

75

90

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


PT

S (

ton

/ha)

161


y = 0.0026x 3 - 0.1286x2 + 1.7037x + 5.8743R2 = 0.7417

6

8

10

12

14

16

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


RG

T (%

)

y = -0.0026x 3 + 0.1646x2 - 3.2719x + 25.011R2 = 0.4158

2

4

6

8

10

5 10 15 20 25 30 35


PG

S (

ton

/ha)

162

Lampiran 35 Hasil unjuk kerja alat dan mesin pengolah tanah di areal kebun II

A T D S VA BBT WPT KBB KBL Metode Kegi-

atan (ha) (jam) (m) (%) (m/det) (liter) (jam/ha) (l/jam) (l/ha)

SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 DP 0.284 0.575 0.25 22.79 1.67 8.00 2.02 13.91 28.14 DH 1.281 0.708 0.26 21.21 2.13 12.50 0.55 17.65 9.76 Fur 1.252 0.821 0.44 21.47 2.16 19.40 0.66 23.62 15.50

1

Total 2.640 20.99* 1.95* 56.90 3.86 73.44 SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 MP 0.267 0.832 0.41 37.21 1.10 11.40 3.12 13.71 42.71 DH 1.289 0.710 0.23 27.35 1.91 14.00 0.55 19.71 10.86 Fur 1.265 0.794 0.45 23.33 2.15 22.70 0.63 28.59 17.95

2

Total 2.872 26.60* 1.75* 65.10 4.93 91.56 SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 DH1 1.216 0.543 0.14 13.22 2.71 9.40 0.45 17.32 7.73 DP 0.289 0.557 0.29 17.43 1.67 10.30 1.93 18.49 35.63 DH2 1.289 0.736 0.18 21.12 2.03 13.00 0.57 17.67 10.08 Fur 1.182 0.727 0.44 22.80 2.22 17.10 0.61 23.52 14.46

3

Total 3.099 18.61* 2.10* 66.80 4.19 87.94 SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 DH1 1.201 0.578 0.16 12.74 2.51 8.40 0.48 14.54 7.00 MP 0.298 0.608 0.32 23.08 1.55 7.00 2.04 11.52 23.47 DH2 1.240 0.630 0.17 20.89 2.15 13.60 0.51 21.58 10.97 Fur 1.174 0.713 0.44 20.58 2.23 19.70 0.61 27.62 16.79

4

Total 3.065 19.16* 2.06* 65.70 4.27 78.27 SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 DP1 0.283 0.566 0.30 20.41 1.65 12.40 2.00 21.91 43.84 DH1 1.316 0.597 0.18 18.78 2.40 16.00 0.45 26.78 12.16 DP2 0.313 0.583 0.33 20.71 1.67 13.30 1.86 22.82 42.50 DH2 1.344 0.562 0.17 15.95 2.73 12.00 0.42 21.36 8.93 Fur 1.166 0.730 0.45 19.26 2.25 24.00 0.63 32.88 20.58

5

Total 3.574 18.94* 2.09* 94.70 5.99 148.05 SUB 0.848 0.536 0.24 18.50 1.85 17.00 0.63 31.70 20.04 MP1 0.273 0.804 0.41 35.86 1.12 12.35 2.94 15.36 45.20 DH1 1.293 0.649 0.16 21.99 2.15 9.30 0.50 14.34 7.09 MP2 0.334 0.753 0.39 29.60 1.19 11.55 2.26 15.34 34.61 DH2 1.265 0.566 0.18 18.77 2.60 14.00 0.45 24.76 11.06 Fur 1.166 0.715 0.44 20.94 2.24 15.10 0.61 21.13 12.96

6

Total 4.023 24.28* 1.86* 79.30 7.39 130.96 A = luas total tanah terolah, T = waktu lapang total, S = slip roda traktor, D = kedalaman olah tanah, VA = kecepatan maju aktual, BBT = bahan bakar terpakai, WPT = waktu operasi pengolahan tanah, KBB = konsumsi bahan bakar, KBL = konsumsi bahan bakar per satuan luas tanah terolah, SUB = subsoiling, DP = disk plowing, MP = moldboard plowing, DH = disk harrowing , dan Fur = furrowing * Nilai rata-rata

163

Lampiran 36 Hasil penentuan metode pengolahan tanah optimum

Me-tode

KOT WPT (jam/ha)

KBB (l/jam)

KBL (l/ha)

PGS (ton/ha)

BKB 1)

(Rp/ha)

PHG 2)

(Rp/ha)

KPG (Rp/ha)

Urutan

Optimum

Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04 DP 2.02 13.91 28.14 DH 0.55 17.65 9.76 Fur 0.66 23.62 15.50

1

Total 3.86 73.44 6.71 308 448 32 208 000 31 899 552 No. 2

Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04 MP 3.12 13.71 42.71 DH 0.55 19.71 10.86

Fur 0.63 28.59 17.95

2

Total 4.93 91.56 7.30 384 552 35 040 000 34 655 448 No. 1 Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04

DH 1 0.45 17.32 7.73

DP 1.93 18.49 35.63 DH 2 0.57 17.67 10.08 Fur 0.61 23.52 14.46

3

Total 4.19 87.94 5.09 369 348 24 432 000 24 062 652 No. 5 Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04

DH 1 0.48 14.54 7.00 MP 2.04 11.52 23.47

DH 2 0.51 21.58 10.97

Fur 0.61 27.62 16.79

4

Total 4.27 78.27 5.84 328 734 28 032 000 27 703 266 No. 4 Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04

DP 1 2.00 21.91 43.84 DH 1 0.45 26.78 12.16 DP 2 1.86 22.82 42.50 DH 2 0.42 21.36 8.93

Fur 0.63 32.88 20.58

5

Total 5.99 148.05 5.96 621 810 28 608 000 27 986 190 No. 3 Sub 0.63 31.70 20.04

MP 1 2.94 15.36 45.20

DH 1 0.50 14.34 7.19 MP 2 2.26 15.34 34.61 DH 2 0.45 24.76 11.06 Fur 0.61 21.13 12.96

6

Total 7.39 131.06 3.94 550 452 18 912 000 18 361 548 No. 6

KOT = kegiatan olah tanah, Sub = pembajakan tanah dalam (subsoiling), DP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak piring (disk plowing), MP = pembajakan tanah menggunakan bajak singkal (moldboard plowing), DH = penggaruan tanah menggunakan garu piring (disk harrowing), Fur = pengkairan tanah (furrowing), WPT = waktu operasi pengolahan tanah, KBB = konsumsi bahan bakar, KBL = konsumsi bahan bakar per satuan luas tanah terolah, PGS = produktivitas gula sampling, BKB = biaya konsumsi bahan bakar, PHG = penerimaan hasil penjualan gula, dan KPG = keuntungan sementara bagi pabrik gula 1) Dihitung berdasarkan harga bahan bakar Rp 4 200 / liter 2) Dihitung berdasarkan asumsi harga gula pasir Rp 4 800 / kg

pengolahan tanah optimum pada budidaya tebu lahan kering · daftar pustaka [agi] asosiasi gula...

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