neuro trans.ppt

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    NEUROTRANSMITTERM.Azhari.

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    Def : Neurotransmitter adalah zat kimia yang disintesa oleh sel-

    sel saraf (sitoplasma terminal), yang disimpan pada

    vesikel-vesikel ujung saraf pada terminal button

    (bouton terminaux) atau axon terminale.

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    Presinaptic neuronPostsinaptic neuron

    Neuron yang menghasilkan Ach neuron cholinergicBerperan penting sebagai neurotransmisi serabut saraf motorik

    dan motorik

    Nt, release

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    slower, longer-lasting effects

    binding of Nts with receptoractivates G protein in membrane works through

    cyclic AMP (cAMP) to:

    regulate ion channels (open or close)

    activate kinase enzymes within cytoplasm (activate proteins in cytoplasm)

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    Animations, Ach bind to receptorion channel open

    membran

    Extra cell

    Intra cell

    Response

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    Klasifikasi danfungsi

    Transmitter group Transmitter compound function

    Acetylcholin Acetylcholine (Ach) Exitatory and

    inhibitory

    neuromuscular,

    neuroglandular

    transmission

    Involved in memory

    Muscle contraction

    Amino acid

    Gamma-aminobutyric acid

    (GaBa)

    glutamate

    Inhibitory, evokes

    inhibition postsinaptic

    potensial in brain

    neuron

    Excitatory, evokes

    excitation postsinaptic

    potensial in brain

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    Aspartate

    Glycine

    Excitatory, evokes

    excitation postsinaptic

    potensial in brain

    Inhibitory, evokes

    inhbition postsinaptic

    potensial

    Mono amines

    Dopamine

    Histamine

    Modulates activity of

    adrenergic neuron,

    involves in arousal,

    motor activity, evokes

    EPSPs in brain

    Evokes EPSPs in brain

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    Norepinephrine (Ne)

    Serotonin

    ( 5-hydroxy-tryptamine )

    5-HT

    Exitatory and inhibitory,

    involved in arousal, motor

    activity, visceral function

    (heat regulation)

    reproduction, acts as

    hormone when secretedinto the bloodstream

    Involved in sleep, mood,

    pain, evokes EPSPs in

    brain, apetite

    Neuropeptides( neuropeptida )

    Somatostatin

    Endorphine

    Enkephalins

    Substance P

    Inhibits secretion of growt

    hormone

    Analgesic properties

    Involved in mediating pain

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    Contoh, Ach release at sinaptic gap

    Sinaptic gap

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    Destruksi asetilkolin setelah disekresikan

    Lebih kurang 2-3 milidetik setelah asetilkolin disekresikan pada

    celah sinap dihancurkan (destruksi) oleh kolinesteraseacetate dan choline

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    Zat-zat yang menghambat (inhibition) sekresi neurotransmitter

    Nikotinmenempati reseptor Ach pada sel ototefek yang

    sama seperti Achlama direuptake untuk dihancurkan oleh

    kolinesterasereeksitasikejang (muscle cramp)

    D-tubocurarin (curare)suatu senyawa kimia yg terdapat pada

    getah tanaman di Amazoninhibisi sekresi Ach ke motor end

    plateparalisis pada otot pernapasanmati

    Venom (snake)menghambat sekresi Achparalisis otot

    pernapasan

    Sarin ( gas saraf )menonaktifkan kolinesterase dalam beberapa

    mingguspasme pada laryngtercekikmati