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ECONOMY SCALE OF COAL BED

METHANE (CBM) DEVELOPMENT

Unggul Setyatmoko

Country Manager Dart Energy Indonesia

Palembang, 6 July 2011


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What is Coal Bed Methane (CBM)?

Coal Bed Methane Conventional Gas

Methane 94-98%

Traces of: carbon dioxide

ethane

nitrogen

Methane 70-90%

ethane propane

butane

pentane trace

carbon dioxide 0-8%

nitrogen 0-5%

hydrogen sulfide 0-5%

Typical calorific

value of1,040BTU/scf

Typical calorific

value of1,005BTU/scf

Heating Value can be spiked

via LPG or blending


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Methane gas adsorbed into coal seamsthat can hold 5 times as much gas as anequivalent volume of sandstone

Gas held in coals by hydrostatic waterpressure

By drawing down hydrostatic pressure(dewater) gas diffuses from the micropores into cleats and fractures.

As water flow rates go down gas

production initially increases.

Result is high volumes of upfront water,slowly building gas production and longertimes to payback

CBM and Water Production

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Years of Operation

MCFofCBM

/Day

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

GallonsofWater/Minute

CBM

Water

CBM Production Mechanism


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Sandstone(Oil and Gas)

Coal(CBM)

ProducingR

ate

Producing Time

Pressure

ProducingR

ate

Producing Time

Pressure

Gas free in pore space

Porespace

Sand grain

Gas adsorbed in matrix

Buttcleat

Facecleat

In Comparison with Conventional Gas

Water

Gas


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Indonesias has the 5th largest potential CBM resources in the world.

CBM Industry is only developed in North America and Australia to date..

US 700 Tcf China 1,300 Tcf

India 300 Tcf

Indonesia 450 Tcf

Australia 350 Tcf

Canada 600 2,700 Tcf UK 70 Tcf

Ukraine 70 Tcf

Poland 100 Tcf

Germany 100 Tcf

South Africa 70 Tcf

Russia 600 4,000 Tcf

Source: Tri-Zen presentation to CSG 2010, Brisbane Conference March 2010

World CBM Potential


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CBM Resources in Indonesia

Indonesias potential CBM resources : 453 TCF

32 CBM Blocks have been awarded by Government to date

Source: MIGAS


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In Comparison with Conventional Gas

1.27

3.18

8.15

4.16

52.59

24.96

24.21

NATUNA

5.72

NORTH SUMATRA

13.65

28.00

CENTRAL SUMATRA

ACEH (NAD)

SOUTH SUMATRA

WEST JAVA

5.08

EAST JAVA

EAST BORNEO

CELEBES

MOLUCCAS

PAPUA

(Advance Resources Interational, Inc., 2003 processed)

Conventional Gas Reserves : 170 TCF (112 Proven + 58 Potential)

CBM Resources : 453 TCF..

Source: MIGAS


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Indonesia Suppy & Demand Overview

Shortage by450 MMSCFD in 20163300 MMSCFD in 2025

(Existing & FutureSupplies from SS

Accounted)

Limited DomesticDemand Large Supply

Sources for Java

Domestic Supply Shortage:50 MMSCFD in 2011

200 MMSCFD in 2025

Domestic Supply Shortage:

75 MMSCFD in 2011 - 2014

Domestic SupplyShortage in 2016 in

Order to Fulfill ExportCommitment

Supply Shortage:100 MMSCFD Now

350 MMSCFD in 2025

EXPORT


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Longer & Experimental Appraisal Program


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Ramp-up Risk & Length


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Number of Wells


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CBM Economics


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CBM : Margin Business - Manufacturing

Development Parameters

Luas (Km2) 1000

Luas Sweet Spot (Km2) 350

OGIP (BCF) 900

Maximum Jumlah Sumur (120 Acres) 480

Produksi (BCF) 265

Harga Gas ($/MMBTU + 2% eskalasi) 6

Capex (Juta $) 517

Opex (Juta $) 424

Total Investasi (Juta $) 941

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE

IRR Kontraktor (%) 10.7

NPV Kontraktor (Juta $) 8.5Gov Take (Juta $) 561

ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT

IRR Kontraktor (%) 15.2

NPV Kontraktor (Juta $) 50.4Gov Take (Juta $) 618


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Fast, Low Cost, Low Risk Exploration


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CBM Rig

This Not This


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Logging Unit

This Not This


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Drilling Cost Comparison

Description Indonesia(USD)

India(USD)

China(USD)

Australia(USD)

Core Well 600,000 280,000 320,000 350,000

Exploratory Wells 800,000 350,000 500,000 650,000

Production Wells 900,000 600,000 650,000 750,000

Land &

Construction/m2

26.5 - 30 27 - 30 3.5 - 35 18 - 28


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CBM Polycarbonate Pipeline


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Ability to Commercialize Small Volume

Innovation in Early Pilot and Development Options


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No Technology Magic Bullet

Three Basins Three Reservoirs Three Techniques

Each coal bed is different and requires different completions

and reservoir management techniques

Source: IndoCBM Conference


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Contribution to Environmental Agenda


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CBM & Coal Mining Cooperation

CBM will normally overlap with coal exploration and coal production

tenures everywhere. Therefore, CBM company relationship with coal

companies is critical.

CBM companies work together with coal mining companies by

generating CBM development plan which takes into account coal

mining long term planning to maximise the value proposition for both

parties.

Produced CBM can be commercially negotiated with the coal mining

company for its usage (power, CNG vehicles, etc.)

There are a lot more cooperation with underground coal mining

which benefit both parties.


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Dart Energy Indonesia


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They Say..

the majority of successes in the CBM business have been at the hands of

focused, energetic, low cost independents. Dart Energy is already establishing

itself as a clear leader in that field.

(Nick Davies, Chairman - Dart Energy Limited)

dari pengalaman bertahun-tahun di dalam industri migas, pemboran

sumur migas yang sangat kompleks selalu dapat diatasi melalui aplikasi

teknologi. Akan tetapi, pemboran sumur CBM di Indonesia sangat

sulit..karena dituntut untuk dikerjakan dengan biaya rendah untuk menjaga

keekonomian proyek CBM.

(Pudjo Suwarno, Direktur Medco CBM)


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