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BERcut-SDH Анализатор параметров цифровых трактов РУКОВОДСТВО ПО ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ

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  • BERcut-SDH

  • 2

    1. ......................................................................................................................42. ...................................................................................................53. ......................................................................................64. .....................................................................................................7

    4.1. ............................................................................................74.2. ............................................................................................................74.3. ............................................................................84.4. .................................................................................................................8

    5. ...............................................................................................105.1. ................................................10 5.1.1..............................................................................................................105.2. RJ48 .................................................................................................105.3. BNC..................................................................................................105.4. SFP.............................................................................105.5. SMA..................................................................................................115.6. LED......................................................................................................................11

    6. ..........................................................................................................137. ...................................................................................................................14

    7.1. ...................................................................................................147.2. PDH..............................................................................16

    7.2.1. TX Set > Hierarchy........................................................................................167.2.2. TX Set > Interface.........................................................................................167.2.3. TX Set > Payload..........................................................................................177.2.4. TX Set > Pattern ...........................................................................................19

    7.3. PDH ....................................................................................................217.3.1. RX Set > Hierarchy .......................................................................................217.3.2. RX Set > Interface.........................................................................................217.3.3. RX Set > Payload..........................................................................................227.3.4. RX Set > Pattern...........................................................................................23

    7.4. SDH..............................................................................247.4.1. TX Set > Hierarchy........................................................................................247.4.2. TX Set > Interface.........................................................................................257.4.3. TX Set > Structure ........................................................................................267.4.4. TX Set > Payload..........................................................................................277.4.5. TX Set > Pattern ...........................................................................................28

    7.5. SDH.................................................................................297.5.1. RX Set > Hierarchy .......................................................................................297.5.2. RX Set > Interface.........................................................................................307.5.3. RX Set > Structure........................................................................................327.5.4. RX Set > Payload..........................................................................................327.5.5. RX Set > Pattern...........................................................................................32

    7.6. ..................................................................................337.6.1. ......................................................................................337.6.2. ....................................................................................347.6.3. ........................................................................................367.6.4. ...............................................................................37

    8. .................................................................................................................388.1. PDH .................................................................................................38

    8.1.1. Results > Summary.......................................................................................388.1.2. Results > Error/Alarm ( 1) ..............................................................398.1.3. Results > Event Log......................................................................................418.1.4. Results > Signal............................................................................................428.1.5. Results > Analysis.........................................................................................438.1.6. Results > Histograms....................................................................................43

  • 38.1.7. Results > Bar ................................................................................................468.2. SDH .................................................................................................47

    8.2.1. Results > Summary.......................................................................................478.2.2. Results > Errors/Alarms ( 1)...........................................................478.2.3. Results > Event Log......................................................................................538.2.4. Results > Signal ( 1) ......................................................................548.2.5. Results > Histogram ( 1) ................................................................558.2.6. Results > Graph Bar ..............................................................................608.2.7. ....................................................................................61

    9. /..............................................................................................689.1. ................................................................................689.2. ...................................................................................................69

    10. SDH..............................................................................................................7210.1. SDH Functions > Overhead Analyzer .................................................................73 10.1.20..........................................................................................................9010.2. SDH Functions > Overhead Generator...............................................................9110.3. SDH Functions > Pointer Tasks..........................................................................9310.4. SDH Functions > Trace Identifier........................................................................96 10.4.3............................................................................................................9810.5. SDH Functions > Payload Labels .......................................................................98 10.5.3............................................................................................................9910.6. SDH Functions > Overhead BERT ...................................................................10010.7. SDH Functions > APS est ..............................................................................100 10.7.3..........................................................................................................10210.8. SDH Functions > Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) ....10210.9. SDH Functions > Tributary Scan ......................................................................102 11. 1............................................................................................................10411.1. PDH Functions > E1 / E3 Pulse Mask ..............................................................104 11.1.1..........................................................................................................10511.3. PDH Functions > E1 APS est ( ) ............................................10511.4. PDH Functions > E1 Frame Words...................................................................105

    11.4.1 ..............................................................................................................10612. .................................................................................................................10713. ......................................................................................................108

    13.1. ...........................................................................................10813.2. ........................................................................................................108 13.2.1..........................................................................................................10813.3. ..............................................................................................................10813.4. ...........................................................................................................10913.5. ........................................................................................................10913.6. .........................................................................................................109

    14. .................................................................11015. ........................................................................................................112

    ......................................................................................112 ...........................................................................................................112 ........................................................................................................112 .........................................................................................113 ..................................................................................................113SDH ..........................................................................................................................113

  • 41. ,

    , , - . - , - BERcut-SDH, - , , , .

    , , , . - . . - web-, - .

    (c) Copyright 2006-2009 METROTEK. .

  • 52.

    BERcut-SDH. , -

    . , - , - , PDH SDH. - web- METROTEKwww.metrotek.ru.

    - , email . -. , , - .

    :: + 8 495 961 00 71Email: [email protected]: www.metrotek.ru

  • 63.

    . , - , , , -. , . METROTEK - , - .

    BERcut-SDH -

    , , - . :

    1. - .

    2. SFP , . - SFP, , - 1- , , .

    3. - , .

    . -

    , - .

  • 74. 4.1.

    PDH/SDH. , , . , . -, , . - , ( ). , , .

    -. , . , 10 , .

    4.2. :

    4.2.1 Home. -

    . Print.

    . USB .

  • 8 , , METROTEK.

    Store. - . , . - - . , , -, .

    History. - (LED) . LED, , LED.

    Help. , -.

    Arrow. - (, , , ). - Enter Escape.

    Enter. . , .

    Escape. - . - .

    4.3. (LCD) -

    . - , , . - , , .. , - . LCD , - , . -. -. , :

    , ;

    , , ., ;

    . .

    4.4. - -

    , .

  • 9 , - . - , . , - . , , . .

  • 10

    5. , -

    : 10/100 T, USB 2.0 - USB 2.0. - .

    . -, , METROTEK.

    5.1. BERcut-SDH -

    .

    5.1.15.2. RJ48

    - TX RX E1 T1 -. 120 E1 100 T1.

    5.3. BNC- 75- TX RX E1, E3, DS3, E4

    STM-1E .5.4. SFP

    - (TX/RX), - (MSA). - SFP -. . SFP LC .

  • 11

    , ( - UPC) , . - SFP, , -, , SDH . , SFP - . ROHS - , - SFP .

    5.5. SMA- NRZ 2,048

    / 2,048 . 1,544 / 1,544 TX, T1 .

    5.6. LED BERcut-SDH

    (LED) LED .

    5.6.1LED Power . LED ,

    . LED , - . LED , - . - , - . - . - 6-7 , , -.

    LED Signal , - PDH SDH . LED , - . LED , PDH SDH .

    LED Frame , PDH SDH - . LED -, , , .

    LED Pattern , -. LED , , , .

  • 12

    LED ALM/ERR . LED , - . LED , , -. . - LED , , -/, - (O -> O).

  • 13

    6.

    6.1 -

    Home . ,

    . , -

    BERcut-SDH, LAN .

    - , . , , - .

  • 14

    7. -

    . - .

    7.1 -

    PDH, SDH T-. , .

    7.1.

    -. TX RX , - , - . , - . , . , LED , .

    - TX RX, -. TX RX .

    , - .

    TX RX -, -. , TX - (PRBS)

  • 15

    223-1 VC-12, STM-4, RX PRBS 223-1 PDH 2M/.

    HIERARCHY PDH SDH , , .

    INTERFACE - . SDH, SDH (STM-1) PDH . - .

    STRUCTURE SDH - .

    PAYLOAD SDH PDH ( -) .

    PATTERN SDH PDH -. - (PRBS), -T, 24- . .

    ,

    . , .

    7.1.1

  • 16

    7.2. PDH7.2.1. TX Set > Hierarchy

    Hierarchy, TX. , , 2M E1. .

    7.2.1.1NETWORK TYPE: PDH .HIGH RATE: 2, 34 45 /.

    7.2.2. TX Set > Interface Interface, -

    TX, .

    7.2..2.1

  • 17

    ES PORT: PDH .

    LINE CODE:- E1 HDB3

    AMI. E1 HDB3, AMI .

    - E3 HDB3.- E4 CMI.- DS1 B3ZS

    AMI.- DS3 B3ZS.CLOCK SOURCE: :- Internal clock:

    . 3.5 , G.812.

    - External clock: 2/ 2 , SMA.

    - From RX: -, .

    - Offset: , Internal. , 25,000 .

    BALANCED: RJ45. - 120. , , - 75- BNC TX.

    7.2.3. TX Set > Payload Payload, -

    TX.

  • 18

    7.2.3.1RATE: 2M 2M N x 64, :- 2M:

    2,048 /;- N x 64:

    N M 64 / ( ).

    E3 (34 /) 34M. E4 (140 /) 140M. DS1 (1.544 /) 1.544M. DS3 (45 /) 45M.FRAMING: E1 , PCM31,

    PCM31C, PCM30 PCM30C. - G.704 G.706 :

    - : (FAS) (MFAS);

    - PCM31: (FAS) ;- PCM31C: (FAS)

    CRC-4 ;- PCM30: (FAS)

    (MFAS)- PCM30C: (FAS)

    (FAS) CRC-4 .

    E3 G.751 (PCM480).

  • 19

    E4 G.751 (PCM1920).

    DS1 , D4 (SF) ANSI T1.107 (ESF).

    DS3 , M13 C-Parity. Nx64, :

    7.2.3.2FRAMING: PCM31, PCM31C, PCM30 PCM30C

    G.704 G.706, E1, .

    : n x 64, , - .

    UNUSED: () - (AIS), .

    TIMESLOT SELECTION: , . , -.

    : 1-31 1-31, - PCM-31. - PCM-30 1-15 1-15, 17-31 16-30. - 16 .

    7.2.4. TX Set > Pattern Pattern, -

    TX, . - PDH SDH, -T

  • 20

    , .

    7.2.4.1PATTERN: Pattern

    , . - (PRBS), -T 0.150 0.151, 24- .

    INVERT: PRBS. - .

    . 0.150 -T - :

    PDH - 0.150 -T

    PRBS

    29 1 8 14,400 /211 1 10

    n64 / & 64 /215 1 15

    1, 1, 3 DS3220 1 14

    1, 1, 3 DS3223 1 23 3

    4231 1 31 3, DS3 4

  • 21

    7.3. PDH7.3.1. RX Set > Hierarchy

    Hierarchy, RX.

    7.3.1.1NETWORK TYPE: PDH .HIGH RATE: 2, 34 45 /.

    7.3.2. RX Set > Interface Interface,

    RX, .

    7.3.2.1ES PORT: PDH,

    .

  • 22

    TERMINATION: (PMP) -. :

    - Terminated: 75 120- , . , .e. - 120 .

    - Monitor: , (PMP) . PMP 20 26 . BERcut-SDH - -T G.772 , PMP.

    - Bridge: E1. - E1 . E1 .

    LINE CODE: - RX , TX. RX, , TX.

    7.3.3. RX Set > Payload Payload, -

    RX.

    7.3.3.1RATE: , , .FRAMING: , , . Nx64, -

    :

  • 23

    7.3.3.2FRAMING: , , .. -

    , , - .

    UNUSED: () - (AIS), .

    TIMESLOT SELECTION: , , .

    7.3.4. RX Set > Pattern Pattern, -

    RX, .

    7.3.4.1

  • 24

    OUT OF SERVICE: , , . , , - , - - (LSS).

    PATTERN: , , .INVERT: , , .

    7.4. SDH

    SDH. - TX RX .7.4.1. TX Set > Hierarchy

    Hierarchy, TX:

    7.4.1.1NETWORK TYPE: -

    SDH.TEST RATE: 155M, 622M 2.5G ( TM-

    1, STM-4 STM-16 ).MAPPING: AU-4 AU-3

    G.707. , VC-4-64C TX300.

  • 25

    7.4.1.27.4.2. TX Set > Interface

    Interface TX, . , .

  • 26

    7.4.2.1S PORT: :- STM-1, STM-4 STM-

    16;- STM-1.CLOCK SOURCE: , -

    PDH, .7.4.3. TX Set > Structure

    Structure TX, TX.

    7.4.3.1VC MAPPING: VC12 VC3.

  • 27

    BULK: . VC - -T 0.181.

    TRIBUTARY: 2M Bulk -.

    CHANNEL SELECTION: TX, STM-N, TUG-3, TUG-2 TU-12 .

    .- TUG: ,

    . , , TUG-2 3TU-12, TUG-3 7TUG-2.

    - TU-12: TU-12 36 , 4 9 . 8000 2.304 / - 2.048 /. 63TU-12s STM-1 VC-4.

    , , -T G.707.

    C, B, A - :

    - C: AUG-4 1 4;- B: AUG-1 1 4;- A: AU-3 1 3. SDH :- STM-16: [C, B, A];- STM-4: [B, A];- STM-1 AU-3: [A]- STM-1 AU-4: [0]. K, L, M -

    :- K: TUG-3 1 3;- L: TUG-2 1 7;- M: TU-11, TU12 TUG-2 1 4.

    7.4.4. TX Set > Payload Payload TX,

    TX.

  • 28

    7.4.4.1RATE: 2M 34M, VC,

    .FRAMING: :- 2M (E1)

    PCM30, PCM31, PCM30C PCM31C. . - .

    - 34M (E3) - G.751.

    7.4.5. TX Set > Pattern Pattern TX,

    TX.

    7.4.5.1

  • 29

    PATTERN: Pattern, - , . (PRBS), -T 0.181, 24- .

    INVERT: PRBS. - .

    . SDH - - -T G.707. (TSS) - -T 0.181 (Out of Service - OOS) - SDH. TSS PRBS .

    (TSS) -T 0.181 PRBS SDHTSS1 223 1 C4 ,

    (HP)TSS2 215 1 C3 ,

    (HP)TSS3 223 1 C3 ,

    (LP)TSS4 215 1 C12 ,

    (LP)TSS5 223 1 PDH, 4TSS6 215 1 PDH, 3;

    (HP)TSS7 223 1 PDH, 3;

    (LP)TSS8 215 1 PDH, 12;

    (LP)TSS9 223 1 4-4 -

    4-16TSS10 215 1 2-4 -

    4-167.5. SDH

    7.5.1. RX Set > Hierarchy Hierarchy,

    RX. RX , TX, .

  • 30

    7.5.1.17.5.2. RX Set > Interface

    Interface, RX. RX , TX, , , .

    7.5.2.1. , ,

    SFP, . SFP TX RX 1550 , , SFP.

  • 31

    7.5.2.1 STM-1/4(155/622 /) STM-1/4/16 (155/622/2468 /)

    A1310-IR A-1310-LR A-1550-LR B-1310-IR B-1310-LR B1550-LR

    -, ,,/

    131015

    622LC

    NRZ

    131040

    622LC

    NRZ

    155080

    622LC

    NRZ

    131015

    2488LC

    NRZ

    131040

    2488LC

    NRZ

    155080

    2488LC

    NRZ

    ,, ,

    Fabry Perot12741356

    2.5-15-8

    DFB12801335

    1-3+2

    DFB14801580

    1-3+2

    DFB12701360

    1-50

    DFB1280335

    1-2+3

    DFB15001580

    1-2+3

    --,: 155/ 622/ 2488/ ,

    PIN

    -28-8-28-8

    N/A12601600

    PIN

    -28-8-28-8

    N/A12601600

    PIN

    -28 to-8-28 to-8

    N/A12601600

    PIN

    -23-10-220-180

    12701600

    APD

    -30-15 -29-9-27-9

    12701600

    APD

    -30-15-29-9-28-9

    12701600

  • 32

    7.5.3. RX Set > Structure Structure,

    RX. RX , TX, .

    7.5.3.17.5.4. RX Set > Payload

    Payload, - RX. RX , TX, .

    7.5.4.17.5.5. RX Set > Pattern

    Pattern, - RX. - RX , TX, , - Out of Service, , ,

  • 33

    . - , , .

    7.5.5.17.6.

    Measurements, - , .

    7.6.17.6.1.

    . MODE: , - .

    - Manual: Start/Stop .

  • 34

    - Timed: . , , . Start /Stop .

    - Auto: . , , . Start , , .

    . , - M.2100 M.2101.

    7.6.2. -

    -T, . (None), G.821, G.826, G.828, G.829, M.2100 M.2101. .

    7.6.2.1

    - G.821: , (ISDN).

    (OOS) ;

    , ; 30 ; ,

    .- G.826: -

    . -

    (OOS) ;

  • 35

    , ;

    30 .- G.828 : -

    . SDH; -

    (OOS) , ;

    30 .- G.829 :

    SDH. SDH; ; , .

    - M.2100: PDH.

    , PDH; , ; (BIS)

    (OOS) (ISM); 15 , 2 24 ; 15- ; PDH,

    (RPO).- M.2101. : -

    SDH. , SDH; , ; (BIS)

    (OOS) (ISM); 15 , 2 24 ; 15- .

    . . M.2100 M.2101 -. , - .

    7.6.2.1 PDH SDH

    G.B21 TSE, -

  • 36

    3.826 ( -)

    TSE,

    3.826 (-)

    B1, B2, B3, LP-BIP, E1 /E3/E4 FAS,E1 CRC

    3.828 (-)

    B1, B2, TSE

    G.329 (-)

    B1, B2, B3, LP-BIP, TSE

    M.2100 E1/E3/E4 FAS, E1 CRC, TSEM.2101 B1, B2, B3 HP, LP-BIP, TSE

    7.6.3. General -

    APS .

    7.6.3.1- Audible Alarm: On Off.

    .- APS Protocol: .

    , (K1/K2) - (APS) SDH - SDH. , APS.

  • 37

    7.6.4. .

    7.6.4.1 Auto-Config BERcut-

    SDH. SDH PDH - , . - -, (PMP).

    Procedure Start, .

    , , -, . -, PASS ( ).

    - : ( /

    ).- Mapping: , -

    . 1. 2.5G(STM-16) AU-4.

    - Payload: , -T ANSI. -, .

    PDH signals: s . 2M, 64 /,BERcut-SDH - .

  • 38

    8. , -

    Results . , .

    8.18.1. PDH

    8.1.1. Results > Summary Summary .

    , -, . - ( ).

    8.1.1.1

  • 39

    8.1.2. Results > Error/Alarm ( 1) Error/Alarm , -

    . 1 4 , . , , / .

    , , . , :

    - : ;- : -

    ;- : .

    , - .

    8.1.2.1. ,

    , .

    Results > Error/Alarm ( 2) 2 4 ,

    , . -. , , 100 .

  • 40

    8.1.2.2Results > Error/Alarm ( 3) 3 4 , -

    , . -.

    8.1.2.3Results > Error/Alarm ( 4) 4 4 (BERT), -

    .

  • 41

    8.1.2.48.1.3. Results > Event Log

    Event log , . - :

    - Number (#): , ;- Type: ;- Start: , ;- Dur/Count: ,

    , () (). : :::;

    - s: , .

    8.1.3.1

  • 42

    8.1.4. Results > Signal Signal

    .

    8.1.4.1FREQUENCY: -

    . E1 - 120-, 75- .

    - Current: ;- Offset: -

    ;- M ( ): -

    , ;- Max ( ):

    , ; M ( ) Max ( )

    , , . -, .

    8.1.4.1 PDH -

    E1 PDH 2048 / 112 / (54,6 )E3 PDH 34368 / 846 / (24,6 -

    )E4 PDH 139264 / 2730 / (19,6

    )DS1 T- 1544 / 57 / (36,6 )DS3 T- 44736 / 1101 / (24,6 -

  • 43

    )

    LEVEL: . - -, .

    8.1.4.2 PDH - G.703

    -

    1 2/

    HDB3 75 -BNC120 -RJ45

    : - 2,37: 2,37: - 3,0: 3,0 c 20 26

    3 34/

    HDB3 75 -BNC

    : - 1,0: 1,0 c 20 26

    4 140/

    CMI 75 -BNC

    : - 1,0: 1,0 c 20 26

    8.1.5. Results > Analysis -, :-T G-: ,

    , ;-T M-: -

    (BIS) .

    - .8.1.6. Results > Histograms

    Histograms , - , . , BER. , - .

  • 44

    8.1.6.1 -

    . -, . - , + -. , , -.

    8.1.6.1 1

    LOS AIS LOF LOMF PDI

    E1.

  • 45

    8.1.6.2 8.1.6.2 1

    CODE (HBD3, AMI)FAS CRC REI

    BER .

    8.1.6.3 8.1.6.3BERT

    LSS Bit

  • 46

    8.1.7. Results > Bar Bar ,

    , . . , .

    8.1.7.1 ,

    , . - , + .

    e, . , -. .

  • 47

    8.1.7.28.2. SDH

    8.2.1. Results > Summary Summary -

    . , - , -, SDH . ( ).

    8.2.1.18.2.2. Results > Errors/Alarms ( 1)

    Errors/Alarms , - .

    1 , . - , , / .

    , , . , :

    - : ;- : -

    ;- : .

    , .

  • 48

    8.2.2.1. ,

    , .

    (LED) . 8.2.2.1

    SDHRS MS AU HP TU LP E1 2 / ( )Pat (PRBS, , -

    )

    -TG.707 0.150.

    8.2.2.2 BER

    LOS LOS , (STM-N) , BER 1-3. - , - . LOS ,

    TSE

  • 49

    LSS - PRBS , , - , , - . , -, :1) > 0,20 -

    - LOF

    , OOF 3 . OOF , - , OOF , SDH () -. OOF B1 , B1 byte(BIP-8) STM-N. , - -

    MS-AIS , 6,7,8 K2 "111" MS-RDI , 6,7,8 K2 "110" MS-REI STM-1 , M1, - TS #3, STM-4/16 , M1, - TS #7, B2 , B2 (BIP-24x N) STM-N. N x 24 - ,

    - AU-AIS

    , H1 H2

    AU-LOP , N - , N = 8, 9 10, - 1001 (NDF)AU-

    NDF

    (HO) -

  • 50

    HP-UNEQ

    HO, C2 "00H" - HP-RDI , 5, 6, 7 G1 - 100 111

    HP-TIM (TIM) , J1 . , TIMHP-PLM ,

    B3 C VC-3, VC-4 , B3 byte(BIP-8) VC-N (N = 3, 4). , -HP-RE1 , 1-4 G1 - 0001 1000

    TU-AIS

    , V1 V2 000

    TU-LOP , N (N >6

  • 51

    PDH .Results > Errors/Alarms ( 2) 2 SDH, -

    , . . [ET] . , , .

    8.2.2.2Results > Errors/Alarms ( 3) 3 RS MS, -

    , . . [ET], , .

    8.2.2.3

  • 52

    , [RS] [MS] , .

    Results > Errors/Alarms ( 4) 4 [HP], -

    , . .

    8.2.2.4Results > Errors/Alarms ( 5) 5 [LP], -

    , . .

    8.2.2.5Results > Errors/Alarms ( 6)

  • 53

    6 PDH, - , . -.

    8.2.2.6

    Results > Errors/Alarms ( 7) 7 PDH,

    . -.

    8.2.2.78.2.3. Results > Event Log

    Event log - , . -

  • 54

    ; , , , , () (). , - .

    8.2.3.18.2.4. Results > Signal ( 1)

    Signal . 1 ( ) STM-1E ( ) STM-10, STM-40 STM-160.

    (LOS) , .

    8.2.4.1Results > Frequency ( 2)

  • 55

    . SDH (BNC) - (SFP) .

    8.2.4.2 ,

    , -. - , . - , BERcut-SDH - (PMP). , , , - . SDH .

    8.2.4.1 SDH

    , / , 155520 < 4,6622080 < 4,6

    2366320 < 4,6

    8.2.5. Results > Histogram ( 1) Histogram , -

    . - , BER.

    1 , (SOH).

  • 56

    8.2.5.1. -

    . -, . - , - + .

    Results > Histogram ( 2) 2 , (SOH).

    8.2.5.2Results > Histogram ( 3) 3 , -

    (AU). :- AU-AIS (AU );- AU-LOP (AU ).

  • 57

    8.2.5.3Results > Histogram ( 4) 4 ,

    (HP). :- HP-UNE (HP );- HP-PLM (HP );- HP-TIM (HP );- HP-RDI (HP );- B3 ;- HP-REI (HP ).

    8.2.5.4Results > Histogram ( 5) 5 ,

    (TU). ;- TU-LOM (TU );

  • 58

    - TU-AIS (TU );- TU-LOP (TU ).

    8.2.5.5Results > Histogram ( 6) 6 ,

    (LP). :- LP-UNE (LP );- LP-PLM (LP );- LP-TIM (LP );- LP-RDI (LP );- LP-RFI (LP );- LP-BIP (LP );- LP-REI (LP )

    8.2.5.6Results > Histogram ( 7)

  • 59

    7 , . .

    8.2.5.7Results > Histogram ( 8) 8 , . -

    .

    8.2.5.8Results > Histogram ( 9) 9 , -

    .

  • 60

    8.2.5.98.2.6. Results > Graph Bar

    Bar , - , . - :

    - FAS;- B1;- B2;- MS-REI;- B3;- HP-REI;- LP-BIP;- LP-REI;- PDH, . , -

    . , .

  • 61

    8.2.6.18.2.7.

    -T G.821

    n x 64 / - .

    ES, SES, AS UAS :- FAS (FAS 2, FAS 34, FAS 140);- CRC;- E;- ( - TSE). ,

    G.821 (TSE):- ;- n x 64 /;- ;- E1, E2, F1, F2, D1-D3 D4-D12;- / -

    0,1 100%.. -T G.821 ,

    , . G.821 , - .

    : (ES): ,

    . (SES):

    , 10-3.

  • 62

    (UAS): SES. , (SES).

    (AS): , - .

    8.2.7.1 -T G.826 G.826

    , .

    : ES, SES, BE, BBE UAS. / -

    0,1 100%. (ISM)

    . (OOS) ,

    .: (ES): ,

    . (SES):

    , 30 % . (BE): . (BBE): ,

    SES.

  • 63

    (UAS): SES. , (SES).

    . G.821 G.826 30 .

    8.2.7.2 -T G.828G.828 -

    G.826.- ES, SES, BBE, UAS SEP.- / -

    0,1 100%. G.828 :- B1;- B2;- MS-REI;- B3;- HP-REI;- LP-BIP;- LP-REI;- (TSE). ,

    , REI. :- ;- ;- E1/E2 (), F1/F2 ( ), D1-D3

    D4-D12 (DCC) SDH (SOH POH).. , G.828 -

    .

  • 64

    8.2.7.3 -T G.829G.829 -

    . ES, SES, BBE UAS. G.829 :- B1;- B2;- MS-REI;- (TSE). ,

    , REI. :- ;- ;- E1/E2 (), F1/F2 ( ), D1-D3

    D4-D12 (DCC) SDH (SOH POH).

  • 65

    8.2.7.4 -T M.2100M.2100 -

    . 15- 24- . , - .

    ES, SES UAS. / -

    S1 S2 ES SES. S1 S2:- : 0,1 100 %;- (BISO): 0,1

    100. M.2100 :- FAS (FAS2, FAS34, FAS140);- CRC-4;- EBIT;- (TSE). -

    PCM-30/31 CRC. :- ;- ;- n x 64 /;- E1, E2, F1, F2, D1-D3 D4-D12. M.2100 , -

    .

  • 66

    8.2.7.5 -T M.2101 M.2101 M.2100 ,

    SDH. ES, SES, BBE, SEP UAS. / -

    S1 S2 ES, SES, BBE SEP. S1 S2:- : 0,1 100 %;- (BISO): 0,1

    100. M.2101 :- B1;- B2;- MS-REI;- B3;- HP-REI;- LP-BIP;- LP-REI;- (TSE). ,

    , REI. :- ;- ;- E1/E2 (), F1/F2 ( ), D1-D3

    D4-D12 (DCC) SDH (SOH POH).. M.2101 , -

    .

  • 67

    8.2.7.6

  • 68

    9. / -

    . Alarm/error,

    . , . - PDH SDH.

    9.19.1.

    PDH T-:

    PDH:- E1: LOS, LOF, AIS, RDI;- E3: LOS, LOF, AIS, RDI;- E4: LOS, LOF, AIS, RDI;- DS1: AIS, Yellow, idle, LOS, LOF;- DS3: LOS, LOF, OOF, AIS, .: (/)

    . SDH:

  • 69

    9.1.1 SDH:- STM-1/4/16 ( ): LOS, LOF, MS-AIS, MS-

    RDI, RS-TIM, AU-LOP, AU-AIS, HP-UNEQ, HP-PLM, HP-RDI, HP-TIM, TU-LOM, TU-LOP, TU-AIS, LP-UNEQ, LP-PLM, LP-RDI, LP-RFI, LP-TIM;

    - ( ):2M-AIS, 2M-LOF, 2M-RDI, 34M-AIS, 34M-LOF, 34M-RDI, 45M-AIS;

    : (/) .

    9.2. SDH, PDH T-:

    9.2.1 PDH T-: PDH:

  • 70

    - E1: Code, FAS, CRC, REI, E-bit, Bit;- E3: Code, FAS, Bit;- E4: Code, FAS, Bit;- DS1: Code, FAS, Bit;- DS3: Code, FAS, Bit. SDH: SDH:- STM-1/4/16: FAS, B1, B2, MS-REI, B3, HP-REI, LP-BIP, LP-

    REI,- : 2M-FAS, 2M-CRC, 2M-REI,

    34M-FAS, 45M-FAS, 1.5M-FAS. .

    :- Single: ,

    ;- Count:

    , ;- Rate: 110-3 510-6. -

    , SDH PDH .

    9.2.2Alarm Generation / Error Insertion ( ) -

    , .

  • 71

    9.2.3

  • 72

    10. SDH SDH . -

    SDH Functions, .SDH Functions > Shortcuts

    10.1Overhead Analyzer: (SOH)

    (POH) .Overhead Generator: -

    (SOH) (POH) .Pointer Tasks: AU TU

    AU TU. , - -T G.783, .

    Trace Identifier: - J0, J1 J2 -, G.831.

    Payload Labels: C2 V5, VC .

    Overhead BERT: BERT - DCC ( D1-D4 D5-D12), E1 E2 F1.

    APS sting: (APS). , - .

    TCM Tasks: - N1 N2 TCM - .

  • 73

    Tributary Scan: - . VC-12.

    10.1. SDH Functions > Overhead Analyzer Overhead Analyzer, OH,

    . :- SOH RX, , -

    (RS MS);- POH RX, , -

    ;- Summary, (J0, J1, J2), APS (K1,

    K2), (S1) HP (C2) LP(V5).

    10.1.1 -

    , - . - .

    SOH

    . A1/A2:- A1/A2 STM-1 -

    : A1 : 11110110 (Hex F6); A2 : 00101000 (Hex 28);

    - A1 A2 ;

  • 74

    - STM-N (3 x N) A1 - (3 x N) A2

    10.1.2 J0 (RS-Trace):- ;- 16 64 ()

    ( CRC-7), , - ;

    - -.

    B1 (RS-BIP):- 8-

    .- STM-1 -

    ;- RS

    STM-1 .

  • 75

    10.1.3 E1 ( RS):- ,

    , . F1 ( RS):- ;- -

    ;- .

    10.1.4 D1/D2/D3 (RS DCC):- (DCC);- D1, D2 D3 192

    / , (OAM);- ;- BER.

  • 76

    H1/H2/H3 ( AU):- STM-1 STM-n -

    MS.

    10.1.5 B2 (MS-BIP):- 24- ,

    , -;

    - STM-1, - ;

    - MSOH STM-1.

    10.1.6

  • 77

    K1 ( APS):- -

    ;- APS -T G.783

    ;- 1-4 ( G.783):

    1111 ; 1110 ; 1101 , ( 1:n); 1100 , ; 1011 , (

    1:n); 1010 , ; 1000 ; 0110 ; 0100 ; 0010 ( -

    ); 0001 ; 0000 ; ;

    - 5-8 , APS: 0000 ; 00011110 1 14; 1111 .

    10.1.7 K1 ( APS):

  • 78

    - - ;

    - APS -T G.841 ;

    - 1-4 G.841: 1111 ; 1110 (); 1101 (); 1100 (); 1011 (); 1010 (); 1001 (); 1000 (); 0111 (); 0110 (); 0101 ; 0100 (); 0011 (); 0010 (); 0001 (); 0000 ;

    - 5-8 ID: 0000 ; 00011110 1 14; 1111 .

    K2 ( APS):- -T G.783;- -

    ;-

    (AIS) (RDI);- 1-4 ;- 5 APS:

    1+1; 1:n;

    - 6-8: MS-RDI; MS-AIS;

    - . K2 ( APS):- -T G.841;- -

    ;

  • 79

    - l(AIS) (RDI);

    - 1-4 ID;- 5 - :

    - - ;

    - 6-8: ; ; ; MS-RDI; MS-AIS;

    - .

    10.1.8 D4-D12 (MS-DCC)- (DCC) -

    576 / , - (OAM);

    - BER.

  • 80

    10.1.9 S1 ( ):-

    , , - ;

    - 1-4 ;- 5-8:

    0000 ; 0010 G.811 PRC; 0100 G.812 ; 1000 G.812 ; 1011 G.813 ; 1111 ;

    - .

  • 81

    10.1.10 E2 ( MS):- 64

    /;- ,

    ;- , .

    10.1.11 POH

    . J1 ( HP):- VC-N ;- ,

    SDH ,

  • 82

    - ;

    - 15- (CRC-7), - ;

    - 64- ;- VC-4.

    10.1.12 B3 (HP BIP):- , ;- VC-

    4;- B3 .

    10.1.13

  • 83

    C2 ( HP):- VC-n;- C2.

    C2 -T G.7071-4

    5-9

    - -

    0000 0000 00 0000 0001 01 0000 0010 02 TUG0000 0011 03 TU-n0000 0100 04 34 /

    45 / C30001 0010 12 140

    / C40001 0011 13 ATM0001 0100 14 DQDB ( -

    ) (AN)0001 0101 15 FDDI (-

    )0 001 1000 18 HDLC/LAPS0001 1010 1A 10 Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)0001 1011 IB (GFP)0001 1100 1C 10 Gigabit0010 0000 20 -

    ODU-k1111 0000 FE , -

    - 0.1811111 1111 FF VC-AIS (TCM)

  • 84

    10.1.14 G1 ( HP):- ;- -

    , ;

    - 1-4: (HP-REI) , B3;

    - 5: (HP-RDI), 1, ;

    - 6-7: RDI (HP-PLM), (HP-TIM, HP-UNQ) - (HP-AIS, LOP).

    F2 ( HP)- ;- VC-4 -

    .

  • 85

    10.1.15 H4 ( TU):- ;- -

    . F3 ( LP)- ,

    .

    10.1.16 K3 (HP APS):- 1-4 VC-3/4.- 5-8 . N1 (HP TCM):

  • 86

    - - (HP) - VC-4, VC-4 VC-3.

    - 1-4: - (IEC) G.707;

    - 5: TC-REI , -

    - 6: OEI , - VC-n;

    - 7-8: 76 . 10.1.1 N1 - G.707

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IEC TC-REI OEI TC-API, TC-RDI,

    ODI, -

    : 1-8 > (FAS). 9-72 > -

    (TC-API). 73-76 > TC-RDI,

    . 74 > ODI, -

    , - - AU-n/TU-n AU/TU-AIS.

    73-76 > .

    10.1.17

  • 87

    V5 ( LP):- , -

    ;- -

    ;- 1-2 (BIP-2);- 3 LP-REI (0 = , 1 = );- 4 LP-RFI (0 = , 1 = );- 5-7 VC-12:

    000 ; 001 ( ); 010 011 - 100 - 101 010 (TSS4), .181; 111 VC-AIS;

    - 8 LP-RDI, 0, 1 - VC12 (AIS).

    10.1.2 V5 - G.707

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8BIP-2 LP-REI LP-RFI TC-REI LP-RDI

    J2 ( LP):- 16- -

    , - ;

    - , J0 J1.

    10.1.18

  • 88

    N2 (LP TCM):- LP (LP-

    TCM) VC-2, VC-11 VC-12.- 1-2: BIP-2

    ;- 3: 1;- 4: AIS (0 = ; 1 = -

    );- 5: TC-REI, -

    ;- 6: OEI VC-n ;- 7-8: 76 . 10.1.3 N2 - G.707

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8BIP-2 1 I-AIS TC-REI OEI TC-API, TC-RDI,

    ODI, -

    : 1-8 > (FAS). 9-72 > -

    (TC-API). 73-76 > TC-RDI,

    . 74 > ODI, -

    , - - AU-n/TU-n AU/TU-AIS.

    73-76 > .

  • 89

    10.1.19 K4 ( LPl):- 5-7 V5 101 ( = 5),

    K4 , : 32- ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 4 LP

    APS; 5, 6, 7 ; 8 ; 12-19 32- , -

    . 10.1.2

    K4 - G.7071 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

    -

    0 R R R R R R R R R R R

    10.1.3 K4 - G.707

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -

    -

    Summary

  • 90

    Summary , SDH:

    - Column #1 - ;- Column #2 ( -

    );- Column #3 (,

    )..- (SP) -

    ;- , -

    . C2 PLM( ), .e. - .

    10.1.20

  • 91

    10.2. SDH Functions > Overhead Generator

    10.2.1 Overhead Generator,

    OH, . :- SOH TX, , -

    . J0, K1, K2, S1:

    ; -

    ; . -

    .. -

    OH; - , , - , APS, TCM BERT. .

  • 92

    10.2.2- POH TX, , -

    . J1, C2,H4, G1, K3, J2, V5 K4:

    ; -

    ; . -

    .. -

    OH; - , , - , APS, TCM BERT. .

  • 93

    10.2.3- Summary, (J0, J1,

    J2), APS (K1, K2), (S1), HP(C2) LP (V5). , Overhead Analyzer.

    10.3. SDH Functions > Pointer Tasks Pointer Tasks, -

    .

    10.3.1 .- SDH -

    . - , . (AU)

  • 94

    (TU) , - :

    AU:- SS 5 6 H1 SDH [10],

    SONET [00], [01] [11];- H1 H2 () -

    AU-n;- LOP ( );- PJE NJE;- NDF ( ). NDF , 3

    4 1001, , 3 0110;

    - ; TU:- ;- LOP ( );- PJE NJE;- NDF ( );- .

    10.3.2- Generator -

    : AU:- SS: 5 6 H1,

    SDH [10], SONET [00] [01] [11];- : -

    NDF ( ) . AU-3/4 0 782;

  • 95

    - (INC) (DEC) - ;

    TU:- : 0 784 (TU-3)

    0 139 (TU-12);- (INC) (DEC) -

    .

    10.3.3- G.783 Sequences ( )

    . -T G.783:- 87-3: 87

    , -;

    - 43-44: 43 , - 44 - , , ;

    - 86-4: 86 , -.

  • 96

    10.3.4.1.

    , - . - , , .

    2. , 30- .

    10.4. SDH Functions > Trace Identifier Trace Identifier, -

    , . () .

    10.4.1 (TX)- J0 [RS]: e : 1 16 -

    ;- J1 [HP]: :

  • 97

    16 64 ;

    VC-4;- J2 [LP]: : 16 64

    ..

    Trace, - QWERTY.

    10.4.2 (RX)- J0 [RS]: e : 1 16

    ; TIM ( -

    );- J1 [HP]: : 16 64

    ; TIM ( -

    );- J2 [LP]: : 16 64

    ; TIM ( -

    );.

    Trace, - QWERTY.

  • 98

    10.4.310.5. SDH Functions > Payload Labels

    C2 V5, VC -.

    10.5.1 Payload Label,

    . - .

    C2 [HP]: VC-n;

  • 99

    TX RX ;

    RX PLM ( ).

    10.5.2- V5 [LP]: TX RX

    ;

    RX PLM ( ).

    10.5.3

  • 100

    10.6. SDH Functions > Overhead BERT . -

    BERT DCC ( D1-D4 D5-D12), - E1 E2 F1.

    10.6.110.7. SDH Functions > APS est

    - (APS) . APS - SDH . - K1 K2 .

    10.7.1 APS SDH

    -T G.783 G.841 -

  • 101

    . , 50 . - :

    - (SF) (LOS), MS-AIS, BER>1 x 103;

    - (SD) , BER . , 10 5 109.

    :1. BERcut-SDH -

    , - SDH.

    2. , , .

    3. , - (AIS) (TSE) 10 4.

    4. BERcut-SDH , - AIS TSE , , - .

    AIS BER > 2 10-4

    AIS BER > 2 10-4

    APS 200

    APS 200

    APS 400

    APS 400

    10.7.2 APS est,

    APS, . :- Sensor: ,

    APS. MS-AIS, AU-AIS, TU-AIS TSE ( ).- Switch Time Limit: 50 200 , 50

    -.

  • 102

    - Gate Time: 500 4 . , .

    - Start: , .

    10.7.310.8. SDH Functions > Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)

    .

    10.8.110.9. SDH Functions > Tributary Scan

    VC12 - , .

  • 103

    10.9.1

    / (ADM) . -, , STM-1 63 VC-12, aSTM-4 252 VC-12 , .

    BERcut-SDH BER SDH ( C12) AU-4, AU-3. , SDH, - . :

    - K.L.M.: -T;- : (OK);- J2: , LP;- : V5.

  • 104

    11. PDH PDH . -

    PDH Functions, , .

    11. 111.1. PDH Functions > E1 / E3 Pulse Mask

    E1(2,048 M/) E3 (34,368 M/). , : , - .

    - , -T G.703. - . , , -. -, .e. , . E1, BERcut-SDH - 120 - 75 . , 75 120 - , : - 75- 2,37 10%, - 120- 3,0 10%.

    G.703 E1 , - , , , , - c . BERcut-SDH, , - TX (PMP) -

  • 105

    . , .

    11.1.111.3. PDH Functions > E1 APS est ( )

    .11.4. PDH Functions > E1 Frame Words

    , E1 . NFAS o p -.

    11.4.1, (NFAS)

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Si (M) 1 A Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8

    - 1: (M - CRC PCM30C PCM31C).

    - 2: 1 FAS.- 3: .- 4 8: Sa4 Sa8 .TX: Sa4 Sa8 -

    . Sa 1, - .

    RX: Sa4 , , .

  • 106

    11.4.1

  • 107

    12. , -

    'Profiles'. PDH SDH - . Profiles, .

    12.1 PDH SDH, -

    , Save as New. -- . -, , - (PDH SDH). - .

  • 108

    13. 13.1.

    , .

    13.1.113.2.

    , .

    13.2.1

    13.3. , .

  • 109

    13.4. , .

    13.4.113.5.

    , .13.6.

    , .

  • 110

    14. : , -

    . - , LCD, , LCD ( , ,SFP, USB, ) (1) .

    : METROTEK , - . METROTEK, , -

    , ,

    , , , METROTEK - (30) .

    : METROTEK , . - METROTEK, ,

    / , -

    , , , , METROTEK - (30) .

    , METROTEK -, , , - -. METROTEK , - . , - , ( ) , .

    : , (, / ).

    : METROTEK , o, -. :

    ; -

    () METROTEK; ; , -

    , ;

  • 111

    .

  • 112

    15.

    RJ-48 (120 ) : 1,544 /, AMI B8ZS () 2,048 /, H3 AMI BNC (75 ) : 2,048 /, H3 & AMI 34,368 /, H3 44,736 /, B3ZS () 139,264 /, CMI () 155,520 /, CMI () ITU-T G.703, G.823, G.824, G.825, G.772 ANSI T1.102 ITU-T G.703 : 2.048 / (E1); : 6 ( ) (PMP): 26 (20 , 6 ) : 6 ( ) 34,368 / (E3); : 12 ( ) (PMP): 26 (20 , 6 )

    1.544 / (DS1); : 6 ( ) (PMP): 26 (20 , 6 ) : 6 ( ) 44,736 / (DS3); Terminate: 6 ( ) Monitor (PMP): 26 (20 , 6 ) 139,264 / (E4) 155,520 / (STM-1E); : 12.7 ( ) (PMP): 26 (20 , 6 )

    l: 2,048/, 3.5 ppm stability per ITU-T G.812 : 2,048 / SMA : 2,048 ( TTL) : 2,048 / (H3) Tx:

  • 113

    25,000 ppm 0.1 ppm -

    Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP)

    Multi Source Agreement (MSA) ROHS compliant and Lead Free per Directive 2002/95/EC : -10C to 70C : Class 1, FDA/CDRH, EN (IEC) 60825 EN (IEC) 60950 ITU-T G.957 SDH : 2, 1

    SDH

    SOH

    STM-1 ( VC-n); PDH (

    ITU-T 0.150) STM-4 ( VC-n); PDH (

    ITU-T 0.150) Bulk TSS (per ITU-T 0.181) STM-16 ( VC-n); PDH (

    ITU-T 0.150) Bulk TSS (per ITU-T 0.181) ( ITU-T G.707) C-12 ( E1,

    -) C-3 ( E3 DS3)

    AU-3 AU-4 C-4 (E4) C-4-4c (STM-4 STM-16) C-4-16c (STM-16)

  • 114

    C-11 ( DS1)

    PRBS: 211-1, 215-1, 220-1, 223-1, 231-1: -

    : 0000, 1111, 1010, 1000 1100 : 24

    O : FAS, B1, B2, MS-REI, B3, HP-REI, LP-REI, LP-BIP, slips : (1 x 10-3 5 x 10-6) : FAS, B1, B2, MS-REI, B3, HP-REI, LP-BIP, LP-REI,

    : LOS, LOF, MS-AIS, MS-RDI, RS-TIM, AU-LOP, AU-AIS, HP-UNEQ, HP-PLM, HP-RDI, HP-TIM, TU-LOM, TU-LOP, TU-AIS, LP-UNEQ, LP-PLM, LP-RDI, LP-RFI, LP-TIM, 2M AIS, 2M LOF, 2M RDI : (/) : LOS, LOF, OOF, RS-TIM, MS-AIS, MS-RDI, AU-AIS, AU-LOP,

    HPUNEQ, HP-PLM, HP-TIM, HP-RDI, TU-LOM, TU-AIS, TU-LOP, LPUNEQ, LP-PLM, LP-TIM, LP-RDI, LP-RFI

    /, -

    , - ITU-T G.707, G.703, 0.151 0.181

    ( G.783) ( G.841) - SOH/POH

    , ASCII S1 C2 HP J0 (16 ) ASCII J1 (16 64 ) ASCII J2 (16 64 ) ASCII K1, K2 APS V5 LP RSOH:

  • 115

    J0 : 1 16 - ASCII CRC-7

    MSOH: K1, K2 APS ITU-T G.783 G.841 S1 HO-POH (VC-4, VC-3): J1 : 16 ASCII CRC-7 64

    ASCII C2 H4 / G1 ( 5) - ( RDI) K3 ( 1-4) APS LO-POH (VC-3): J1 : 16 ASCII CRC-7 64

    ASCII C2 G1 ( 5) - ( RDI) K3 (1-4) APS LO-POH (VC-12, VC-11): V5 ( 5-7) LP J2 : 16 ASCII CRC-7 64

    ASCII K4 ( 3-4) LP APS

    BERT : PRBS DCC ( D1-D3 D4-D12)

    E1, E2, F1, N1 N2 PRBS: 223 -1, 220 -1, 215 -1, 211 -1 ( -

    ) ,

    , , -

    , , New Data Flags (NDF) (ppm AU/TU)

    , ,

    / VC-12 ,

    BER

  • 116

    PDH

    ( E1) ( E1, DS1 )

    2,048 / (E1) / CRC ITU-T G.704 (PCM30, PCM30C, PCM31, PCM31C) N/M x 64 / N=1-30 34,368 / (E3) ITU-T G.751 1,544 / (DS1) SF (D4), ESF ANSI

    Telcordia N x 64 /, N x 56 / N=1-24 44,736 / (DS3) M13 C-Bit Parity

    ITU-T G.752 ITU-T G.704 139,264 / (E4) ITU-T G.751

    :

    PRBS: 211-1, 215-1, 220-1, 223-1, 231-1: : 0000, 1111, 1010, 1000 and 1100 : 24

    :

    2,048 / (E1): Code, FAS, CRC, EBIT, 34,368 / (E3): Code, FAS, 2M FAS, 2M, ( 1 x 10-3 5 x 10-6) 1,544 / (DS1): Code, FAS, Bit, Frame, CRC 44,736 / (DS3): Code, FAS, MFAS, P/C-Parity, 139,264 / (E4): Code, FAS,

    : 2,048 / (E1): Code, FAS, CRC, E-BIT 34,368 / (E3): Code, FAS, (DS1, DS3 and E4) Code, FAS, MFAS, 2M CRC, P/C-Parity,

  • 117

    : 2,048 / (E1): LOS, AIS, LOF, RDI 34,368 / (E3): LOS, AIS, LOF, RDI, 2M LOF, 2M RDI : (/)

    1,544 / (DS1): AIS, , idle, LOS, LOF 44,736 / (DS3): LOS, LOF, OOF, AIS, Parity 139,264 / (E4): AIS, FAS RDI

    : 2,048 / (E1): LOS, AIS, LOF, LOMF, RDI LSS 34,368 / (E3): LOS, AIS, LOF, RDI LSS (T-Carrier DS1/DS3) LOS, AIS, LOF, OOF, IDLE, YELLOW LSS

    , ES, %ES, SES, %SES, UAS, %UAS, EFS, %EFS,AS, %AS, : , :

    ITU-T G.821: ES, EFS, SES, DM, UAS HRP 1% 100%

    ITU-T G.826: EB, BBE, ES, EFS, SES, UAS. HRP 1% 100%.

    (ISM) B1, B2, B3, FAS, CRC Code (E1).

    (OOS) (TSE) ITU-T G.828: ES, EFS, SES, BBE, SEP, UAS HRP 1%

    100% ITU-T G.829: ES, EFS, SES, BBE, UAS RSOH (B1),

    MSOH (B2) TSE ITU-T M.2100: ES, EFS, SES, UAS HRP 1% 100%. (MTCE)

    (BIS). ITU-T M.2101: ES, EFS, SES, BBE, SEP, UAS HRP

    1% 100%. (MTCE)

    (BIS). TSE, HP-BIP (B3), MS-BIP (B2),

    RS-BIP (B1) LP-BIP (V5)

    : , -

    , ,

  • 118

    : / ppm : 1Hz TIE

    : : 1. 10 : 1 1 U.I.

    : , ,

    , , -

    / SDH/PDH / -

    SDH/PDH PDH

    : 2,048 / (E1) 34,368 / (E3) : : : , -

    , : G.703 T-Carrier : 1,544 / (DS1) 44,736 / (DS3) C: G.703, ANSI T1.102, T1.403, T1.404

    (APS) SDH PDH : PDH (E1), SDH : 1 10 : 1 : MS-AIS, AU-AIS, TU-AIS, B2 APS (K1/K2) - LOS, LOF, AIS, TSE : , ,

  • 119

    ITU-T G.783

    TANDEM CONNECTION MONITORING (TCM) N1 N2 : TC-IEC, TC-BIP, TC-REI, OEI : TC-RDI, TC-UNEQ, TC-LTC, TC-AIS, TC-ODI , , : TC-IEC, TC-AIS, TC-REI, TC-RDI, TC-OEI, TC-LTC, TC-UNEQ, TC-ODI, TC-TIM APId (Access Point Identifier)

    210 x 100 x 55 ( x x ) 1. Li-Ion > 3 AC : 100-240 AC, 50-60 Hz

    15 DC, 3.5A -10C to 50C : -20C to 70C 5% 95% : 3.5QVGA 320x240 : 1m

    2. 3. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4.

    5. 5.1. 5.1.15.2. RJ485.3. BNC5.4. SFP5.5. SMA5.6. LED

    6. 7. 7.1. 7.2. PDH7.2.1. TX Set > Hierarchy7.2.2. TX Set > Interface7.2.3. TX Set > Payload7.2.4. TX Set > Pattern

    7.3. PDH7.3.1. RX Set > Hierarchy7.3.2. RX Set > Interface7.3.3. RX Set > Payload7.3.4. RX Set > Pattern

    7.4. SDH7.4.1. TX Set > Hierarchy7.4.2. TX Set > Interface7.4.3. TX Set > Structure7.4.4. TX Set > Payload7.4.5. TX Set > Pattern

    7.5. SDH7.5.1. RX Set > Hierarchy7.5.2. RX Set > Interface7.5.3. RX Set > Structure7.5.4. RX Set > Payload7.5.5. RX Set > Pattern

    7.6. 7.6.1. 7.6.2. 7.6.3. 7.6.4.

    8. 8.1. PDH8.1.1. Results > Summary8.1.2. Results > Error/Alarm ( 1)8.1.3. Results > Event Log8.1.4. Results > Signal8.1.5. Results > Analysis8.1.6. Results > Histograms8.1.7. Results > Bar

    8.2. SDH8.2.1. Results > Summary8.2.2. Results > Errors/Alarms ( 1)8.2.3. Results > Event Log8.2.4. Results > Signal ( 1)8.2.5. Results > Histogram ( 1)8.2.6. Results > Graph Bar8.2.7.

    9. /9.1. 9.2.

    10. SDH10.1. SDH Functions > Overhead Analyzer 10.1.2010.2. SDH Functions > Overhead Generator10.3. SDH Functions > Pointer Tasks10.4. SDH Functions > Trace Identifier 10.4.310.5. SDH Functions > Payload Labels 10.5.310.6. SDH Functions > Overhead BERT10.7. SDH Functions > APS est 10.7.310.8. SDH Functions > Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) 10.9. SDH Functions > Tributary Scan 11. 111.1. PDH Functions > E1 / E3 Pulse Mask 11.1.111.3. PDH Functions > E1 APS est ( )11.4. PDH Functions > E1 Frame Words

    11.4.113. 13.1. 13.2. 13.2.113.3. 13.4. 13.5. 13.6.

    14. 15. SDH