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LBM2

SESAK NAFAS BERULANG DAN HEBAT

STEP 7

1. Otot apa saja ya! "#$p#!a$%& '() p$os#s p#$a*asa 'ap#$sya$a*aya+

2. M#!apa p#'#$,ta )#!a(a), s#sa- a*as st(& )#'apat s%t,-a

-#top$o*#+ Apa &%"%!aya+

. M#!apa t#$'apat a*as /%p,! &,'%!+

0. Ba!a,)aa )#-a,s)# #,!+

3. Apa-a& a'a &%" ata$a &,p#$t#s, '#!a s#sa- a*as+

4. M#!apa pa'a pas,# ',"#$, a'$#a(, 'a -o$t,-ost#$o,'+

7. M#!apa RR )#,!-at5 tj' ta$,-a s%"/osta(5 s,aos,s5 'a #-sp,$as,

)#)aja!+

6. Fa-to$ apa saja ya! )#)p#$"#$at 'a )#)p#$,!a s#sa- a*as

p#'#$,ta+

. G#ja(a s#sa- a*as "#$'asa$-a "#$atya+

18.P#y#"a" 'a$, s#sa- a*as+

11.P#$to(o!a p#$ta)a pa'a saat s#sa- a*as+

12.E*#- sa)p,! -#top$o*#+

1.E*#- sa)p,! a'$#a(, 'a -o$t,-ost#$o,'+

10.M#-a,s)# t#$ja',ya s#sa- a*as+

13.DD s#sa- a*as s#ja- -#/,( "#$%(a! 'a "at ',s#$ta, #,!+

STEP 7

SESAK NAFAS

1. D#*,,s, s#sa- a*as+

P#$asaa9 s#sas, s%(,t "#$a*as '#!a !#ja(a p#'#$,ta )#!#(%& s#sa-5

ta-,p#%5 RR )#,!-at5 a*as /#pat 'a 'a!-a(5 a*as /%p,! &,'%!5

p#)a-a, oto p#$a*asa ta)"a&a :$#t$a-s, s%p$ast#$a(5 ,*$a st#$a(5

st#$a(5 ,t#$/osta(;5 ",sa ',s#$ta, s,aos,s5 ",asaya p#'#$,ta !#(,sa&5

",/a$a t#$p%t%s2


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2. Otot apa saja ya! "#$p#!a$%& '() p$os#s p#$a*asa 'a

p#$sya$a*aya+


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otot "$o-%s :PG;5 s#-$#s, )%-%s "#$(#",& :"$a',-,,; o"st$%-s,

j( a*as s#sa- a*as

B$a',-,,a'a(a& p#pt,'a ya! )#y#"a"-a p#)"%(%& 'a$a&

)#(#"a$ :)#)p#$"#sa$;5 'a -a$#a ,t% )#y#"a"-a t#-aa

'a$a& $#'a&. S#"%a& -#(as o"at ya! ',s#"%t A>E ,&,",to$ 5 ya!',!%a-a %t%- )#%$%-a t#-aa 'a$a&5 )#,!-at-a

"$a',-,, :o(#& '#!$a'as, ya! )#!&a)"at; )#%$%-a t#-aa

'a$a& (#",& (aj%t. B$a',-,, "#-#$ja pa'a p#)"%(%& 'a$a& )#(a(%,

p#(#pasa p$ostas,-(, 5 ,t$at o-s,'a 5 'a ',t%$%-a #'ot#(,%)

Fa-to$ &yp#$po(a$,,! .

H,sta), 'a (#%-ot$,#',(#pas 'a$, "aso*,( )a%p% s#( )ast 'a

a-a

)#y#"a"-a t,)"%(ya !#ja(a s#/a$a /#pat 'a(a) "#"#$apa

)#,t. G#ja(a pa'a

sa(%$a apas atas )#(,p%t, $asa !ata( pa'a &,'%!5 "#$s, 'a

$,o$#a.

S#'a!-a !#ja(a pa'a sa(%$a apas "aa& )#(,p%t,

"$o-o-ost$,-s,5

&,p#$s#-$#s, -#(#ja$ )%-%s5 s#sa- apas5 "at%- 'a )#!,.


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)#ta(op$ot#,as#5 -#)o-, :RANTES5 M


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P#!!%aa K(,,s A'$#a(,9Ep,#*$,

1. M#!%$a!, Spas)# B$o-%s "2

Ut%- t#$ap, as)a "$o-&,a( a-%t :s#-a$a! ',!%a-a "2 st,)%(a;.

2. M#!%$a!, H,p#$s#s,t,?,tas "2

M#$a!sa! "2 ', )#)"$a s#( )ast s#&,!!a $#(#as# &,sta),

',&a)"at :)#)"$a sta",(,#$;.

A'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; )#)p%ya, #*#- )#,!-at-a t#-aa 'a$a&)#(a(%, a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$ @ 1 jat%! ya! t#$ja', s#t#(a& p#(#pasa


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ata% p#)"#$,a a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; "#$&%"%!a '#!a -#$ja

-$oot$op,- pos,t,* 'a ,ot$op,- pos,t,* atas jat%!. D#!a '#),-,a

a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; j%!a )#)p%ya, #*#- -$oot$op,- pos,t,*

:)#,!-at-a -#/#pata '#y%t jat%!; 'a ,ot$op,- pos,t,*

:)#)p#$-%at -ot$a-s, )yo-a$',%); s#&,!!a /a$',a/ o%t p%t :/%$a&

jat%!; )#,!-at. A'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; j%!a "#$#*#- pa'a t,)"%(ya?aso-ot$,-s, -a$#a st,)%(as, a'$#os#pto$@ pa'a otot po(os ',',!

p#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$. K#'%a &a( t#$s#"%t "#$a-,"at t#-aa 'a$a&

)#,!-at. E*#- a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; t#$%ta)a pa'a a$t#$,o(a -#/,( 'a

s*,!t#$ p$#-ap,(#$ s#&,!!a ta&aa p#$,*#$ )#,!-at.

Pa'a 'os,s -#/,( a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,;j%!a )#!a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$ @ 2

pa'a otot po(os ',',! p#)"%(%& 'a$a& 'a(a) "%'#( otot (%$,- 'a

p#)"%(%& -o$o#$ "#$a-,"at ?aso',(atas, p#)"%(%& 'a$a& t#$s#"%t5

a-,"atya ta&aa p#$,*#$ tota( s#"#a$ya ",sa t%$%5 &a( ,, )#j#(as-a

p#%$%a 'a(a) t#-aa ',asto(,- ya! -a'a!@-a'a! t#$(,&at pa'ap#y%t,-a a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,;.

Da(a) 'os,s "#sa$ t#$ja', 'o),as, a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$@ s#&,!!a

ta&aa p#$,*#$ )#,!-at5 a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$ @ 1 s#&,!!a /%$a&

jat%! j%!a a,-. K#'%a &a( t#$s#"%t )#,!-at-a t#-aa 'a$a&. C,-a

s#"#(%) ',"#$, a'$#a(, s%'a& (#",& 'a&%(% ',"#$, o"at p#y#-at

a'$#os#pto$ @ )a-a a'$#a(, j%st$% )#%$%-a t#-aa 'a$a&.

Pa'a sa(%$a a*as a'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; )#)p%ya, #*#- "$o-o',(atas,

)#(a(%, st,)%(as, a'$#os#pto$ @ 2 pa'a otot po(os "$o-&%s. E*#-

t#$s#"%t ta)pa- j#(as j,-a s#"#(%)ya s%'a& a'a "$o-o-ost$,-s,:),sa(ya pa'a s#$a!a as)a "$o-,a(;. A'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; ya!

)#)p%ya, #*#- ?aso-ost$,-s, s#&,!!a 'apat )#!%$a!, -o!#st,

)%-osa 'a 'apat )#)p#$-%at #*#- p#(#"a$a sa(%$a a*as.

A'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; )#$%pa-a s#yaa #'o!# ya! a)at p#t,!

'a(a) p#!at%$a )#ta"o(,s)#5 t#$%ta)a )#ta"o(,s)# -a$"o&,'$at.

A'$#a(, )#,!-at-a !(,-o!#o(,s,s ', pa$ 'a otot $a!-a5

)#!&a)"at s#-$#s, ,s%(, )#(a(%, a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$ @ :(#",&

'o),a ',"a',! p#,!-ata s#-$#s, ,s%(, )#(a(%, a-t,?as,

a'$#os#pto$ @ 2;. A'$#a(, :Ep,#*$,; j%!a )#)a/% p#)#/a&a (#)a-

:(,po(,s,s; )#(a(%, a-t,?as, a'$#os#pto$ @ 1 'a )#,!-at-a a-t,?,tas

(,pas#.

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' =

@ at,,*(a)as,

S#"a!a, at, ,*(a)as, -o$t,-ost#$o,' "#-#$ja )#(a(%, "#"#@

$apa )#-a,s)#5 ya,t% =


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M#!&a)"at )#ta"o(,s)# asa) a$a-,'oat s#&,!!a )#)p#!a$%&,

(#%-ot$,# 'a p$osta!(a',5

M#!%$a!, -#"o/o$a ),-$o?as-%(#$5

M#/#!a& ),!$as, (a!s%! s#(@s#( ,*(a)as,5M#!&a)"at p$o'%-s, /yto-,#s5

M#,!-at-a -#p#-aa $#s#pto$ pa'a otot po(os "$o-%s

6. )a/a) )a/a) syo- 'a )#-a,s)#ya+ :"%at ta"#(;

Pendahuluan

La!-a& p#$ta)a %t%- ",sa )#a!!%(a!, syo- a'a(a& &a$%s ",sa)#!#a( !#ja(a syo-. T,'a- a'a t#s (a"o$ato$,%) ya! ",sa )#',a!osasyo- '#!a s#!#$a. D,a!osa ',"%at "#$'asa$-a p#)a&a)a -(,,- t,'a-a'#-%atya p#$*%s, o$!a 'a o-s,!#as, ja$,!a.

La!-a& -#'%a 'a(a) )#a!!%(a!, syo- a'a(a& "#$%sa&a )#!#ta&%,-#)%!-,a p#y#"a" syo-. Pa'a pas,# t$a%)a5 p#!#a(a syo-"#$&%"%!a (a!s%! '#!a )#-a,s)# t#$ja',ya t$a%)a. S#)%a j#,ssyo- 'apat t#$ja', pa'a pas,# t$a%)a 'a ya! t#$s#$,! a'a(a& syo-&,po?o(#),- -a$#a p#$'a$a&a. Syo- -a$',o!#,- j%!a ",sa t#$ja', pa'apas,#@pas,# ya! )#!a(a), t$a%)a ', atas ',a*$a!)a 'a syo-#%$o!#,- 'apat ',s#"a"-a o(#& t$a%)a pa'a s,st#) sa$a* p%sat s#$ta)#'%(a sp,a(,s. Syo- s#pt,- j%!a &a$%s ',p#$t,)"a!-a pa'a pas,#@pas,#t$a%)a ya! 'ata! t#$(a)"at %t%- )#'apat-a p#$to(o!a.

Definisi

Syo- 'apat ','#*,,s,-a s#"a!a, !a!!%a s,st#) s,$-%(as, ya!)#y#"a"-a t,'a- a'#-%atya p#$*%s, 'a o-s,!#as, ja$,!a. Ba&ayasyo- a'a(a& t,'a- a'#-%atya p#$*%s, -# ja$,!a ata% t,'a- a'#-%atyaa(,$a 'a$a& -# ja$,!a. Ca$,!a a-a -#-%$a!a o-s,!# 'a ",sa /#'#$a.

Penyebab Syok

T,!a *a-to$ ya! 'apat )#)p#$ta&a-a t#-aa 'a$a& o$)a(=

a. Po)pa jat%!. Cat%! &a$%s "#$-ot$a-s, s#/a$a #*,s,#.". o(%)# s,$-%(as, 'a$a&. Da$a& a-a ',po)pa o(#& jat%! -# 'a(a) a$t#$,'a -ap,(#$@-ap,(#$ ja$,!a. S#t#(a& o-s,!# 'a at %t$,s, ',a)",( o(#&

ja$,!a5 s,st#) ?#a a-a )#!%)p%(-a 'a$a& 'a$, ja$,!a 'a)#!a(,$-a -#)"a(, -# jat%!. Apa",(a ?o(%)# s,$-%(as, "#$-%$a! )a-a'apat t#$ja', syo-.

/. Ta&aa p#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$. a! ',)a-s%' a'a(a& p#)"%(%& 'a$a&-#/,(5 ya,t% a$t#$,o(#@a$t#$,o(# 'a -ap,(#$@-ap,(#$. B,(a ta&aa p#)"%(%&'a$a& p#$,*#$ )#,!-at5 a$t,ya t#$ja', ?aso-ost$,-s, p#)"%(%& 'a$a& -#/,(.B,(a ta&aa p#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$ $#'a&5 "#$a$t, t#$ja', ?aso',(atas,.


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R#'a&ya ta&aa p#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$ 'apat )#!a-,"at-ap#%$%a t#-aa 'a$a&. Da$a& a-a "#$-%)p%( pa'a p#)"%(%& 'a$a&ya! )#!a(a), ',(atas, s#&,!!a a(,$a 'a$a& "a(,- -# jat%! )#ja',"#$-%$a! 'a t#-aa 'a$a& a-a t%$%.

P#y#"a" syo- 'apat ',-(as,*,-as,-a s#"a!a, "#$,-%t=

a. Syo- -a$',o!#,- :-#!a!a(a -#$ja jat%!ya s#',$,;= :a; P#ya-,tjat%! ,s-#),-5 s#p#$t, ,*a$- :"; O"at@o"at ya! )#'#p$#s, jat%! 'a:/; Ga!!%a ,$a)a jat%!.". Syo- &,po?o(#),- :"#$-%$a!ya ?o(%)# s,$-%(as, 'a$a&;= :a; K#&,(a!a'a$a&5 ),sa(ya p#$'a$a&a :"; K#&,(a!a p(as)a5 ),sa(ya (%-a "a-a$'a :/; D#&,'$as,= /a,$a ya! )as%- -%$a! :),sa(ya p%asa (a)a;5 /a,$a-#(%a$ ya! "aya- :),sa(ya ',a$#5 )%ta&@)%ta&5 *,st%(a5 o"st$%-s, %s%s'#!a p#%)p%-a /a,$a ', (%)# %s%s;.

/. Syo- o"st$%-t,* :!a!!%a -ot$a-s, jat%! a-,"at ', (%a$ jat%!;= :a;

Ta)poa'# jat%! :"; P#%)oto$a- 'a :/; E)"o(, pa$%.

'. Syo- ',st$,"%t,* :"#$-%$a!ya ta&aa p#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$;= :a; Syo-#%$o!#,- :"; >#'#$a )#'%(a sp,a(,s ata% "ata! ota- :/; Syo-aa*,(a-s,s :'; O"at@o"ata :#; Syo- s#pt,- s#$ta :*; Ko)",as,5 ),sa(yapa'a s#ps,s ",sa !a!a( jat%!5 &,po?o(#),a5 'a $#'a&ya ta&aap#)"%(%& 'a$a& p#$,*#$.

Tanda dan Gejala Syok

Sistem Kardiovaskuler@ Ga!!%a s,$-%(as, p#$,*#$ @ p%/at5 #-st$#),tas ',!,. K%$a!ya p#!,s,a

?#a p#$,*#$ (#",& "#$)a-a ',"a',!-a p#%$%a t#-aa 'a$a&.@ Na', /#pat 'a &a(%s.@ T#-aa 'a$a& $#'a&. Ha( ,, -%$a! ",sa )#ja', p#!a!a5 -a$#aa'aya )#-a,s)# -o)p#sas, sa)pa, t#$ja', -#&,(a!a 19 'a$, ?o(%)#s,$-%(as, 'a$a&.@ #a p#$,*#$ -o(aps. #a (#$ )#$%pa-a p#,(a,a ya! pa(,! "a,-.@ >P $#'a&.

Sistem Respirasi@ P#$apasa /#pat 'a 'a!-a(.

Sistem saraf pusat@ P#$%"a&a )#ta( pas,# syo- sa!at "#$?a$,as,. B,(a t#-aa 'a$a&$#'a& sa)pa, )#y#"a"-a &,po-s,a ota-5 pas,# )#ja', !#(,sa& sa)pa,t,'a- sa'a$. O"at s#'at,* 'a aa(!#t,-a ja!a ',"#$,-a sa)pa, ya-,"a&a !#(,sa&ya pas,# )#)a! -a$#a -#sa-,ta.

Sistem Saluran Cerna@ B,sa t#$ja', )%a( 'a )%ta&.

Sistem Saluran Kencing@ P$o'%-s, %$, "#$-%$a!. No$)a( $ata@$ata p$o'%-s, %$, pas,# '#asaa'a(a& 48 )(9ja) :193@@1 )(9-!9ja);.

Penanggulangan Syok


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P#a!!%(a!a syo- ',)%(a, '#!a t,'a-a %)%) ya! "#$t%j%a %t%-)#)p#$"a,-, p#$*%s, ja$,!a )#)p#$"a,-, o-s,!#as, t%"%& 'a)#)p#$ta&a-a s%&% t%"%&. T,'a-a ,, t,'a- "#$!at%! pa'a p#y#"a"syo-. D,a!os,s &a$%s s#!#$a ',t#!a--a s#&,!!a 'apat ',"#$,-ap#!o"ata -a%sa(.

S#!#$a "#$,-a p#$to(o!a p#$ta)a s#s%a, '#!a p$,s,p $#s%s,tas, AB>.Ca(a a*as :A air way; &a$%s "#"as -a(a% p#$(% '#!a p#)asa!a p,pa#'ot$a-#a(. P#$a*asa :B breathing; &a$%s t#$ja),5 -a(a% p#$(% '#!a)#)"#$,-a ?#t,(as, "%ata 'a p#)"#$,a o-s,!# 188I. D#*,s,t ?o(%)#p#$#'a$a 'a$a& :> circulation; pa'a syo- &,po?o(#),- s#jat, ata%&,po?o(#),a $#(at,* :syo- s#pt,-5 syo- #%$o!#,-5 'a syo- aa*,(a-t,-; &a$%s',atas, '#!a p#)"#$,a /a,$a ,t$a?#a 'a ",(a p#$(% p#)"#$,a o"at@o"ata ,ot$op,- %t%- )#)p#$ta&a-a *%!s, jat%! ata% o"at?aso-ost$,-to$ %t%- )#!atas, ?aso',(atas, p#$,*#$.

S#!#$a )#!t,-a p#$'a$a&a ya! t#$(,&at 'a )#!atas, y#$, ya!

"at5 ya! j%!a ",sa )#$%pa-a p#y#"a" syo-. Pa'a syo- s#pt,-5 s%)"#$s#ps,s &a$%s ',/a$, 'a ',ta!!%(a!,.

La!-a&@(a!-a& ya! p#$(% ',(a-%-a s#"a!a, p#$to(o!a p#$ta)a 'a(a))#!&a'ap, syo-=

Pos,s, T%"%&

1. Pos,s, t%"%& p#'#$,ta ',(#ta--a "#$'asa$-a (#ta- (%-a. S#/a$a %)%)pos,s, p#'#$,ta ',"a$,!-a t#(#ta! '#!a t%j%a )#,!-at-a a(,$a'a$a& -# o$!a@o$!a ?,ta(.

2. Apa",(a t#$'apat t$a%)a pa'a (#$ 'a t%(a! "#(a-a!5 p#'#$,taja!a ',!#$a--a sa)pa, p#$s,apa t$aspo$tas, s#(#sa,5 -#/%a(, %t%-)#!&,'a$, t#$ja',ya (%-a ya! (#",& pa$a& ata% %t%- )#)"#$,-ap#$to(o!a p#$ta)a s#p#$t, p#$to(o!a %t%- )#)"#"as-a ja(a apas.

. P#'#$,ta ya! )#!a(a), (%-a pa$a& pa'a "a!,a "aa& )%-a5 ata%p#'#$,ta t,'a- sa'a$5 &a$%s ',"a$,!-a pa'a sa(a& sat% s,s, t%"%&:"#$"a$,! ),$,!; %t%- )#)%'a&-a /a,$a -#(%a$ 'a$, $o!!a )%(%t 'a%t%- )#!&,'a$, s%)"ata ja(a a*as o(#& )%ta& ata% 'a$a&.P#a!aa ya! sa!at p#t,! a'a(a& )#ya-,-a "a&a sa(%$a a*ast#tap t#$"%-a %t%- )#!&,'a$, t#$ja',ya as*,-s,a.

0. P#'#$,ta '#!a (%-a pa'a -#pa(a 'apat ',"a$,!-a t#(#ta! 'ata$ata% -#pa(a a!a- ',t,!!,-a. T,'a- ',"#a$-a pos,s, -#pa(a (#",& $#'a&'a$, "a!,a t%"%& (a,ya.

3. Ka(a% )as,& $a!% t#ta! pos,s, (%-a p#'#$,ta5 s#"a,-ya p#'#$,ta',"a$,!-a '#!a pos,s, t#(#ta! 'ata$.

4. Pa'a p#'#$,ta@p#'#$,ta syo- &,po?o(#),-5 "a$,!-a p#'#$,tat#(#ta! '#!a -a-, ',t,!!,-a 8 /) s#&,!!a a(,$a 'a$a& "a(,- -#

jat%! (#",& "#sa$ 'a t#-aa 'a$a& )#ja', )#,!-at. T#tap, ",(ap#'#$,ta )#ja', (#",& s%-a$ "#$a*as ata% p#'#$,ta )#ja', -#sa-,tas#!#$a t%$%-a -a-,ya -#)"a(,.

P#$ta&a-a R#sp,$as,


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1. B#"as-a ja(a apas. La-%-a p#!&,sapa5 ",(a a'a s#-$#s, ata%)%ta&.2. T#!a'a& -#pa(a@topa! 'a!%5 -a(a% p#$(% pasa! a(at "at% ja(a a*as:Gudel/oropharingeal airway;.

. B#$,-a o-s,!# 4 (,t#$9)#,t

0. B,(a p#$apasa9?#t,(as, t,'a- a'#-%at5 "#$,-a o-s,!# '#!a po)pas%!-%p :Ambu bag; ata% ETT.

P#$ta&a-a S,$-%(as,

S#!#$a pasa! ,*%s ,t$a?#a. B,sa (#",& 'a$, sat% ,*%s. Pata% a',5t#-aa 'a$a&5 a$a -%(,t5 ,s, ?#a5 p$o'%-s, %$,5 'a :>P;.

>a$, 'a Atas, P#y#"a"Syok Hipovolemik

P#$'a$a&a )#$%pa-a p#y#"a" t#$s#$,! 'a$, syo- pa'a pas,#@pas,#t$a%)a5 "a,- o(#& -a$#a p#$'a$a&a ya! t#$(,&at )a%p% p#$'a$a&a ya!t,'a- t#$(,&at. P#$'a$a&a ya! t#$(,&at5 p#$'a$a&a 'a$, (%-a5 ata%)at#)#s,s 'a$, t%-a- (a)"%!. P#$'a$a&a ya! t,'a- t#$(,&at5 ),sa(yap#$'a$a&a 'a$, sa(%$a /#$a5 s#p#$t, t%-a- '%o'#%)5 /#'#$a (,)pa5-#&a),(a ', (%a$ %t#$%s5 pata& t%(a! p#(?,s5 'a pata& t%(a! "#sa$ ata%)aj#)%-.

Syo- &,po?o(#),- j%!a 'apat t#$ja', -a$#a -#&,(a!a /a,$a t%"%& ya!(a,. Pa'a (%-a "a-a$ ya! (%as5 t#$ja', -#&,(a!a /a,$a )#(a(%, p#$)%-aa-%(,t ya! &a!%s ata% ', 'a(a) (#p%&. M%ta& "at ata% ',a$# j%!a 'apat)#!a-,"at-a -#&,(a!a "aya- /a,$a ,t$a?as-%(#$. Pa'a o"st$%-s,5 ,(#%s'apat t#$-%)p%( "#"#$apa (,t#$ /a,$a ', 'a(a) %s%s. Pa'a ',"#t#s ata%p#!!%aa ',%$#t,- -%at5 'apat t#$ja', -#&,(a!a /a,$a -a$#a ',%$#s,sya! "#$(#",&a. K#&,(a!a /a,$a j%!a 'apat ',t#)%-a pa'a s#ps,s "#$at5pa-$#at,t,s a-%t5 ata% p#$,to,t,s p%$%(#ta ',*%s.

Pa'a syo- &,po?o(#),-5 jat%! a-a t#tap s#&at 'a -%at5 -#/%a(, j,-a),o-a$' s%'a& )#!a(a), &,po-s,a -a$#a p#$*%s, ya! sa!at "#$-%$a!.R#spos t%"%& t#$&a'ap p#$'a$a&a "#$!at%! pa'a ?o(%)#5 -#/#pata5'a (a)a p#$'a$a&a. B,(a ?o(%)# ,t$a?as-%(a$ "#$-%$a!5 t%"%& a-as#(a(% "#$%sa&a %t%- )#)p#$ta&a-a p#$*%s, o$!a@o$!a ?,ta( :jat%!

'a ota-; '#!a )#!o$"a-a p#$*%s, o$!a (a, s#p#$t, !,ja(5 &at,5 'a-%(,t. A-a t#$ja', p#$%"a&a@p#$%"a&a &o$)oa( )#(a(%, s,st#) $#,@a!,ot#s,@a('ost#$o5 s,st#) ADH5 'a s,st#) sa$a* s,)pat,s. >a,$a,t#$st,t,a( a-a )as%- -# 'a(a) p#)"%(%& 'a$a& %t%- )#!#)"a(,-a?o(%)# ,t$a?as-%(a$5 '#!a a-,"at t#$ja', )o',(%s, :',(%s, p(as)a p$ot#,'a )ato-$,t; 'a '#&,'$as, ,t#$st,t,a(.

D#!a '#),-a,5 t%j%a %ta)a 'a(a) )#!atas, syo- p#$'a$a&a a'a(a&)#o$)a(-a -#)"a(, ?o(%)# ,t$a?as-%(a$ 'a ,t#$st,t,a(. B,(a '#*,s,t?o(%)# ,t$a?as-%(a$ &aya ',-o$#-s, '#!a )#)"#$,-a 'a$a& )a-a)as,& t#tap t#$ja', '#*,s,t ,t#$st,t,a(5 '#!a a-,"at ta'a@ta'a ?,ta( ya!)as,& "#(%) sta",( 'a p$o'%-s, %$, ya! -%$a!. P#!#)"a(,a ?o(%)#p(as)a 'a ,t#$st,t,a( ,, &aya )%!-, ",(a ',"#$,-a -o)",as, /a,$a-o(o,' :'a$a&5 p(as)a5 '#Jt$a5 's"; 'a /a,$a !a$a) s#,)"a!.


11/32

Penanggulangan

Pasa! sat% ata% (#",& ja(%$ ,*%s ,t$a?#a o. 16914. P.

Dopa), 18@@28 !9-!9)#,t5 )#,!-at-a -#-%ata5 'a -#/#pata-ot$a-s, jat%! s#$ta )#,!-at-a a(,$a 'a$a& !,ja(.

Syok Neurogenik

Syo- #%$o!#,- j%!a ',s#"%t s,-op. Syo- #%$o!#,- t#$ja', -a$#a $#a-s,?aso?a!a( "#$(#",&a ya! )#!a-,"at-a t#$ja',ya ?aso',(atas,)#y#(%$%& ', 'a#$a& sp(a!,-%s s#&,!!a a(,$a 'a$a& -# ota- "#$-%$a!.

R#a-s, ?aso?a!a( %)%)ya ',s#"a"-a o(#& s%&% (,!-%!a ya! paas5t#$-#j%t5 ta-%t5 ata% y#$, "at. P#'#$,ta )#$asa p%s,! 'a ",asaya


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jat%& p,!sa. S#t#(a& p#'#$,ta ',"a$,!-a5 %)%)ya -#a'aa "#$%"a&)#ja', "a,- -#)"a(, s#/a$a spota.

T$a%)a -#pa(a ya! t#$,so(as, t,'a- a-a )#y#"a"-a syo-. A'aya syo-pa'a t$a%)a -#pa(a &a$%s ',/a$, p#y#"a" ya! (a,. T$a%)a pa'a )#'%(a

sp,a(,s a-a )#y#"a"-a &,pot#s, a-,"at &,(a!ya to%s s,)pat,s.Ga)"a$a -(as,- 'a$, syo- #%$o!#,- a'a(a& &,pot#s, tapa ta-,-a$', ata%?aso-ost$,-s, p#$,*#$.

Penanggulangan

Pas,#@pas,# ya! ',-#ta&%,9','%!a )#!a(a), syo- #%$o!#,- &a$%s',t#$ap, s#"a!a, &,po?o(#),a. P#)asa!a -at#t#$ %t%- )#!%-%$ t#-aa?#a s#t$a( a-a sa!at )#)"at% pa'a -as%s@-as%s syo- ya!)#$a!%-a.

Syok Septik

M#$%pa-a syo- ya! ',s#$ta, a'aya ,*#-s, :s%)"#$ ,*#-s,;. Pa'a pas,#t$a%)a5 syo- s#pt,- ",sa t#$ja', ",(a pas,# 'ata! t#$(a)"at "#"#$apa ja)-# $%)a& sa-,t. Syo- s#pt,- t#$%ta)a t#$ja', pa'a pas,#@pas,# '#!a (%-at#)"%s a"'o)# 'a -ota),as, $o!!a p#$,to,%) '#!a ,s, %s%s.


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s#'a!-a p#,!-ata p#$)#a",(,tas -ap,(#$ )#y#"a"-a %'#). Pa'asyo- aa*,(a-t,-5 ",sa t#$ja', "$o-ospas)# ya! )#%$%-a ?#t,(as,.

Syo- aa*,(a-t,- s#$,! ',s#"a"-a o(#& o"at5 t#$%ta)a ya! ',"#$,-a,t$a?#a s#p#$t, at,",ot,- ata% )#',a -ot$as. S#!ata s#$a!!a s#p#$t,

(#"a& j%!a 'apat )#y#"a"-a syo- pa'a o$a! ya! $#ta.

P#a!!%(a!a

P#a!!%(a!a syo- aa*,(a-t,- )#)#$(%-a t,'a-a /#pat s#"a"p#'#$,ta "#$a'a pa'a -#a'aa !aat. S#"#a$ya5 p#!o"ata syo-aa*,(a-t,- t,'a-(a& s%(,t5 asa( t#$s#',a o"at@o"at #)#$!#s, 'a a(at "at%$#s%s,tas, !aat 'a$%$at s#$ta ',(a-%-a s#/#pat )%!-,. Ha( ,, ',p#$(%-a-a$#a -,ta "#$pa/% '#!a a-t% ya! s,!-at a!a$ t,'a- t#$ja', -#)at,aata% /a/at o$!a t%"%& )##tap.

Ka(a% t#$ja', -o)p(,-as, syo- aa*,(a-t,- s#t#(a& -#)as%-a o"at ata% at

-,),a5 "a,- p#$o$a( )a%p% pa$#t#$a(5 )a-a t,'a-a ya! p#$(% ',(a-%-a5a'a(a&=

1. S#!#$a "a$,!-a p#'#$,ta pa'a a(as ya! -#$as. Ka-, ',a!-at (#",&t,!!, 'a$, -#pa(a %t%- )#,!-at-a a(,$a 'a$a& "a(,- ?#a5 'a(a) %sa&a)#)p#$"a,-, /%$a& jat%! 'a )#a,--a t#-aa 'a$a&.2. Penilaian A, B, C dari tahapan resusitasi jantung paru5 ya,t%=

A. Airwayp#,(a,a ja(a apas. Ca(a apas &a$%s ',ja!a t#tap "#"as5t,'a- a'a s%)"ata sa)a s#-a(,. Ut%- p#'#$,ta ya! t,'a- sa'a$5 pos,s,-#pa(a 'a (#$ ',at%$ a!a$ (,'a& t,'a- jat%& -# "#(a-a! )#%t%p, ja(a

apas5 ya,t% '#!a )#(a-%-a #-st#s, -#pa(a5 ta$,- )a',"%(a -# '#pa5'a "%-a )%(%t.

B. Breathing support,s#!#$a )#)"#$,-a "at%a apas "%ata ",(at,'a- a'a ta'a@ta'a "#$apas5 "a,- )#(a(%, )%(%t -# )%(%t ata% )%(%t -#&,'%!. Pa'a syo- aa*,(a-t,- ya! ',s#$ta, %'#) (a$,!5 'apat)#!a-,"at-a t#$ja',ya o"st$%-s, ja(a apas tota( ata% pa$s,a(. P#'#$,taya! )#!a(a), s%)"ata ja(a apas pa$s,a(5 s#(a, ',to(o! '#!a o"at@o"ata5 j%!a &a$%s ',"#$,-a "at%a apas 'a o-s,!#. P#'#$,ta '#!as%)"ata ja(a apas tota(5 &a$%s s#!#$a ',to(o! '#!a (#",& a-t,*5 )#(a(%,,t%"as, #'ot$a-#a5 -$,-ot,$oto),5 ata% t$a-#oto),.

>. irculation support5 ya,t% ",(a t,'a- t#$a"a a', pa'a a$t#$, "#sa$ :a.-a$ot,s5 ata% a. *#)o$a(,s;5 s#!#$a (a-%-a -o)p$#s, jat%! (%a$.

P#,(a,a A5 B5 > ,, )#$%pa-a p#,(a,a t#$&a'ap -#"%t%&a "at%a &,'%p'asa$ ya! p#ata(a-saaaya s#s%a, '#!a p$oto-o( $#s%s,tas, jat%!pa$%.

. S#!#$a "#$,-a a'$#a(, 8.@@8.3 )! (a$%ta 1 = 1888 %t%- p#'#$,ta'#asa ata% 8.81 )-9-! %t%- p#'#$,ta aa-@aa-5 ,t$a)%s-%(a$.P#)"#$,a ,, 'apat ',%(a! t,ap 13 )#,t sa)pa, -#a'aa )#)"a,-.B#"#$apa p#%(,s )#!aj%$-a p#)"#$,a ,*%s -ot,y% a'$#a(, 2@@0%!9)#,t.


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0. Da(a) &a( t#$ja', spas)# "$o-%s', )aa p#)"#$,a a'$#a(, -%$a!)#)"#$, $#spos5 'apat ',ta)"a&-a a),o*,(, 3@@4 )!9-!BB ,t$a?#a'os,s aa( ya! ',t#$%s-a 8.0@@8. )!9-!BB9)#,t 'a(a) /a,$a ,*%s.

3. Dapat ',"#$,-a -o$t,-ost#$o,'5 ),sa(ya &,'$o-o$t,so 188 )! ata%'#-sa)#taso 3@@18 )! ,t$a?#a s#"a!a, t#$ap, p#%ja! %t%-)#!atas, #*#- (aj%t'a$, syo- aa*,(a-t,- ata% syo- ya! )#)"a'#(.

4. B,(a t#-aa 'a$a& t#tap $#'a&5 ',p#$(%-a p#)asa!a ja(%$ ,t$a?#a%t%- -o$#-s, &,po?o(#),a a-,"at -#&,(a!a /a,$a -# $%a! #-st$a?as-%(a$s#"a!a, t%j%a %ta)a 'a(a) )#!atas, syo- aa*,(a-t,-.P#)"#$,a /a,$aa-a )#,!-at-a t#-aa 'a$a& 'a /%$a& jat%! s#$ta )#!atas,as,'os,s (a-tat. P#),(,&a j#,s /a,$a ata$a (a$%ta -$,sta(o,' 'a -o(o,'t#tap )#$%pa-a p#$'#"ata ','asa$-a atas -#%t%!a 'a -#$%!,a)#!,!at t#$ja',ya p#,!-ata p#$)#a",(,tas ata% -#"o/o$a -ap,(#$.Pa'a 'asa$ya5 ",(a )#)"#$,-a (a$%ta -$,sta(o,'5 )a-a ',p#$(%-a j%)(a&@@0 -a(, 'a$, p#$-,$aa -#-%$a!a ?o(%)# p(as)a. B,asaya5 pa'a syo-aa*,(a-t,- "#$at ',p#$-,$a-a t#$'apat -#&,(a!a /a,$a 28@@08I 'a$,?o(%)# p(as)a. S#'a!-a ",(a ',"#$,-a (a$%ta -o(o,'5 'apat ',"#$,-a'#!a j%)(a& ya! sa)a '#!a p#$-,$aa -#&,(a!a ?o(%)# p(as)a.

T#tap,5 p#$(% ',p,-,$-a j%!a "a&a (a$%ta -o(o,' p(as)a p$ot#, ata%'#Jt$a j%!a ",sa )#(#pas-a &,sta),.

7. Da(a) -#a'aa !aat5 sa!at t,'a- ",ja-saa ",(a p#'#$,ta syo-aa*,(a-t,- ',-,$,) -# $%)a& sa-,t5 -a$#a 'apat )#,!!a( 'a(a)p#$ja(aa. Ka(a% t#$pa-sa ',(a-%-a5 )a-a p#a!aa p#'#$,ta ', t#)pat-#ja',a s%'a& &a$%s s#)a-s,)a( )%!-, s#s%a, '#!a *as,(,tas ya!t#$s#',a 'a t$aspo$tas, p#'#$,ta &a$%s ',-aa( o(#& 'o-t#$. Pos,s, a-t%',"aa &a$%s t#tap 'a(a) pos,s, t#(#ta! '#!a -a-, (#",& t,!!, 'a$,

jat%!.6. Ka(a% syo- s%'a& t#$atas,5 p#'#$,ta ja!a /#pat@/#pat ',p%(a!-a5t#tap, &a$%s ',aas,9',o"s#$?as, '%(% s#(a)a -%$a! (#",& 0 ja). S#'a!-ap#'#$,ta ya! t#(a& )#'apat t#$ap, a'$#a(, (#",& 'a$, 2@@ -a(, s%t,-a5&a$%s ',$aat ', $%)a& sa-,t s#)a(a) %t%- o"s#$?as,.

Pencegahan Syok Anafilaktik

P#/#!a&a syo- aa*,(a-t,- )#$%pa-a (a!-a& t#$p#t,! 'a(a) s#t,app#)"#$,a o"at5 t#tap, t#$yata t,'a-(a& )%'a& %t%- ',(a-saa-a. A'a"#"#$apa &a( ya! 'apat -,ta (a-%-a5 ata$a (a,=

1. P#)"#$,a o"at &a$%s "#a$@"#a$ atas ,',-as, ya! -%at 'a t#pat.2.


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0. a! pa(,! %ta)a a'a(a& &a$%s s#(a(% t#$s#',a o"at p#aa$ %t%-)#!at,s,pas, -#)%!-,a t#$ja',ya $#a-s, aa*,(a-t,- ata% aa*,(a-to,'s#$ta a'aya a(at@a(at "at% $#s%s,tas, -#!aata.

Mempertahankan Suhu Tubuh

S%&% t%"%& ',p#$ta&a-a '#!a )#)a-a,-a s#(,)%t pa'a p#'#$,ta%t%- )#/#!a& -#',!,a 'a )#/#!a& -#&,(a!a paas. Ca!a s#-a(,@-a(, )#)aas-a t%"%& p#'#$,ta -a$#a a-a sa!at "#$"a&aya.

Pemberian Cairan

1. Ca!a )#)"#$,-a ),%) -#pa'a p#'#$,ta ya! t,'a- sa'a$5 )%a(@)%a(5 )%ta&5 ata% -#ja! -a$#a "a&aya t#$ja',ya asp,$as, /a,$a -#'a(a) pa$%.2. Ca!a )#)"#$, ),%) -#pa'a p#'#$,ta ya! a-a ',op#$as, ata% ',",%s'a ya! )#'apat t$a%)a pa'a p#$%t s#$ta -#pa(a :ota-;.

. P#'#$,ta &aya "o(#& ),%) ",(a p#'#$,ta sa'a$ "#t%( 'a t,'a- a'a,',-as, -ot$a. P#)"#$,a ),%) &a$%s ',t,-a ",(a p#'#$,ta )#ja',)%a( ata% )%ta&.

0. >a,$a ,t$a?#a s#p#$t, (a$%ta ,soto,- -$,sta(o,' )#$%pa-a p,(,&ap#$ta)a 'a(a) )#(a-%-a $#s%s,tas, /a,$a %t%- )#!#)"a(,-a ?o(%)#,t$a?as-%(#$5 ?o(%)# ,t#$st,t,a(5 'a ,t$a s#(. >a,$a p(as)a ata%p#!!at, p(as)a "#$!%a %t%- )#,!-at-a t#-aa o-ot,-,t$a?as-%(#$.

3. Pa'a syo- &,po?o(#),-5 j%)(a& /a,$a ya! ',"#$,-a &a$%s s#,)"a!

'#!a j%)(a& /a,$a ya! &,(a!. S#'apat )%!-, ',"#$,-a j#,s /a,$aya! sa)a '#!a /a,$a ya! &,(a!5 'a$a& pa'a p#$'a$a&a5 p(as)a pa'a(%-a "a-a$. K#&,(a!a a,$ &a$%s ',!at, '#!a (a$%ta &,poto,-.K#&,(a!a /a,$a "#$%pa a,$ 'a #(#-t$o(,t &a$%s ',!at, '#!a (a$%ta,soto,-. P#!!at,a ?o(%)# ,t$a ?as-%(#$ '#!a /a,$a -$,sta(o,')#)#$(%-a ?o(%)# @@0 -a(, ?o(%)# p#$'a$a&a ya! &,(a!5 s#'a! ",(a)#!!%a-a (a$%ta -o(o,' )#)#$(%-a j%)(a& ya! sa)a '#!a j%)(a&p#$'a$a&a ya! &,(a!. T#(a& ',-#ta&%, "a&a t$as*%s, #$,t$os,t -os#t$atya! ',-o)",as, '#!a (a$%ta $,!#$ (a-tat sa)a #*#-t,*ya '#!a'a$a& (#!-ap.

4. P#)ata%a t#-aa ?#a s#t$a( p#t,! %t%- )#/#!a& p#)"#$,a

/a,$a ya! "#$(#",&a.

7. Pa'a p#a!!%(a!a syo- -a$',o!#,- &a$%s ',/#!a& p#)"#$,a /a,$a"#$(#",&a ya! a-a )#)"#"a, jat%!. Ha$%s ',p#$&at,-a o-s,!#as,'a$a& 'a t,'a-a %t%- )#!&,(a!-a y#$,.

6. P#)"#$,a /a,$a pa'a syo- s#pt,- &a$%s 'a(a) p#)ata%a -#tat5)#!,!at pa'a syo- s#pt,- ",asaya t#$'apat !a!!%a o$!a )aj#)%-:!ultiple "rgan #is$unction;. D,p#$(%-a p#)ata%a a(at /a!!,& "#$%pap#)asa!a >P5 Sa Ga -at#t#$5 'a p#)#$,-saa aa(,sa !as 'a$a&.


16/32

. Fa-to$ apa saja ya! )#)p#$"#$at 'a )#)p#$,!a s#sa- a*as

p#'#$,ta+

M#)p#$"#$at = a-t,?,tas :t,'%$5 '%'%-5 ",/a$a;5 /%a/a5 st$#ss5 (,!-%!a

-#$ja :papa$a a(#$!#;5 o"at@o"ata5 t#)pat t,!!,

M#)p#$,!a = p' s#sa- a*as "#$at pos,s, t%"%&)#)"%!-%- -#

'#pa

18.G#ja(a s#sa- a*as "#$'asa$-a "#$atya+

R,!a =

@ Dapat "#$ja(a5 "#$"a$,!5 "#$",/a$a ""$p -a(,)at5 -#sa'a$a )%!-,

!#(,sa&5 RR )#,!-at5 $#t$a-s, otot "at% a*as :@;5 )#!, $,!a

s#'a! saat #-sp,$as,5 sat%$as, O2 3I

S#'a! =

@ L#",& /o'o! p' pos,s, '%'%-5 ",/a$a 1 -a(,)at5 -#sa'a$a %)%)ya

!#(,sa&5 RR )#,!-at5 $#t$a-s, otot "at% a*as ",asaya a'a5 )#!,

-#$as saat #-sp,$as,5 sat%$as, O2 1@3I

@ a-t% "#$ja(a (#",& (a)"at '$p' o$a! y! s#%)%$a

B#$at =

@ Pos,s, /#'#$%! )#)"%!-%- -# '#pa5 &aya ",/a$a 1 -ata5 past,

!#(,sa&5 RR 8J9)#,t5 past, $#t$a-s, otot "at% a*as5 )#!, -#$as

saat #-sp,$as, 'a ,sp,$as,5 )%!-, s,aos,s 'a !a!a( a*as5 sat%$as,

O2 8 I

@ B#$t, "#$ja(a st(& 8@188)

11.P#y#"a" 'a$, s#sa- a*as+

S,st#) -a$',o = s#sa- t,)"%( saat ,st,$a&at5 "at%- o p$o'%-t,*9"at%-

-#$,!5 pos,s, t%"%&(#",& #a- '%'%- ",asa

S,st#) $#sp,$as, = s#sa- t,)"%( a-,"at a-t,*,tas5 "at%- p$o'%-t,* )%-%s

s#$o%s

12.P#$to(o!a p#$ta)a pa'a saat s#sa- a*as+


17/32

@ P#$,-sa AB> = ",(a A a' !a!!%a )a-a )a%?#$9a,$ay )aa!#)#t

'a "#$, "$o-o',(ato$ ,&a(as,5 -ot,-ost#$o,' ,&a(as, ",(a B a'

!a!!%a "#$, O2 *a/#)as- t,p# apa+ :p#)"a!,a a(at "at% a*as5

/a$, ', A>LS;

T#$ap, O-s,!#

P$,s,p = M#a)"a& F$a-s,


18/32

#t%$, Mas-

H,!& Gas F(o

Kos#t$as, O2 *,J#' 'a ",sa ',at%$

Ba,- %t%- ',!%a-a pa'a pas,# >OPD

Kos#t$as, 'apat ',at%$ 20I5 26I5 3I 'a 08I

@ O"at ya! t#(a& ',"#$,-a

1.E*#- sa)p,! -#top$o*#+

>ARA KERCA OBAT =

K#top$o*# a'a(a& s%at% at, ,*(a)as, o st#$o,'5 ya! t#$)as%- 'a(a)

!o(o!a A


19/32

@ P#'#$,ta t%-a- (a)"%! ata% p#ya-,t ,*(a)as, a-%t pa'a sa(%$a

/#$a.

@ P#'#$,ta '#!a $,ayat $#-t,t,s ata% p$o-to$a!,a :%t%- s#',aa

s%pos,to$,a;.

EFEK SAMP


20/32

@ At,-oa!%(a o$a(5 pa$, pa$#t#$a(5 'a t,-(op,', = )#,!-at-a

$,s,-o p#$'a$a&a ya! ',s#"a"-a p#!&a)"ata a!$#!as, t$o)"os,t.

@ L,t,%) = $,s,-o p#,!-ata -a'a$ (,t,%) 'a(a) p(as)a5 -a'a!@-a'a!

)#'#-at, -a'a$ to-s,s5 -a$#a p#%$%a #-s-$#s, (,t,%) )#(a(%, !,ja(.

@ M#tot$#-sat '#!a 'os,s (#",& 'a$, 13 )!9),!!% = p#,!-ata $,s,-o

to-s,s,tas 'a$a& 'a$, )#tot$#-sat t#$%ta)a pa'a p#)"#$,a 'os,s t,!!, :

13 )! 9 ),!!%;5 s#&%"%!a '#!a p#!!at,a )#tot$#-sat ya!

t#$,-at '#!a p$ot#, 'a p#%$%a -(,$#s !,ja(.

DOS


21/32

P#)"#$,a -o$t,-ost#$o,' ja!-a (a)a :2 ),!!%; ya! ',t,-a

s#/a$a )#'a'a- 'apat )#,)"%(-a ,s%*,s,#s, a'$#a( a-%t :-$,s,s

a'$#a(;. %s&,!.

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' ya! "#$(#",&a a-a )#),/% -ata"o(,s)# (#)a- s#&,!!a

t#$ja', $#',st$,"%s, (#)a- ', "a!,a t#$t#t% t%"%&. G#ja(a ya! t,)"%(ata$a (a, )oo *a/#5 "%**a(o &%)p5 p#%)p%-a (#)a- s%p$a-(a?,-%(a$5

#-st$#),tas -%$%s5 st$,a#5 a/# 'a &,$s%t,s). Moo *a/# 'a "%**a(o &%)p

',s#"a"-a $#',st$,"%s,9a-%)%(as, (#)a- ', aja& 'a p%!!%!. St$,a#

:pa$%t -%(,t "#$a$a )#$a& )%'a; )%/%( a-,"at p#$#!a!a -%(,t

:st$#t/&,!; ', 'a#$a& p#$%t ya! ',s#"a"-a o(#& a-%)%(as, (#)a-

s%"-%ta.

@ H,p#$!(,-#),a 'a !(,-os%$,a

Ka$#a -o$t,-ost#$o,' :!(%-o-o$t,-o,'; "#$p#$a 'a(a) )#)#ta"o(,s)#

!(%-osa ya,t% )#(a(%, p#,!-ata !(%-o#o!##s,s 'a a-t,?,tas #,)

!(%-osa@4@pospat5 )a-a a-a t,)"%( !#ja(a "#$%pa p#,!!,a -a'a$

!(%-osa 'a(a) 'a$a& s#&,!!a t#$ja', &,p#$!(,-#),a 'a !(,-os%$,a. Dapat

j%!a t#$ja', $#s,st#s, ,s%(, 'a !a!!%a to(#$as, !(%-osa5 s#&,!!a

)#y#"a"-a ',a"#t#s st#$o,' :st#$o,'@,'%/#' ',a"#t#s;.

@ P#%$%a a"so$ps, -a(s,%) ,t#s,a(


22/32

P##(,t,a )#%j%--a "a&a "#ta)#taso s#$ta p$#',so

)#y#"a"-a p#%$%a a"so$ps, -a(s,%) ', ,t#st,a( 'a(a) j%)(a&

s,!,*,-a. Ha( ,, 'apat )#)"%at -#s#,)"a!a -a(s,%) ya! #!at,*.

@ K#s#,)"a!a ,t$o!# #!at,*

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' j%!a )#y#"a"-a )o",(,sas, asa) a),o 'a$, ja$,!a

#-st$apat,-5 ya! ',!%a-a s#"a!a, s%"st$at %t%- !(%-o#o!##s,s.

Ha( ,, )#y#"a"-a t,!!,ya -a'a$ asa) a),o 'a(a) p(as)a5

p#,!-ata p#)"#t%-a %$#a5 'a -#s#,)"a!a ,t$o!# #!at,*.

@ M%'a& t#$-#a ,*#-s,

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' s#(a, )#),(,-, #*#- )#ta"o(,- j%!a )#),(,-, #*#-

at,,*(a)at,-. E*#- at,,*(a)at,- ,, t#$ja', )#(a(%, )#-a,s)# sa(a&

sat%ya p##-aa a-t,*,tas *os*o(,pas# s#&,!!a )#/#!a& p#)"#t%-a

p$osta!(a',5 p$ostas,-(,5 t$o)"o-sa 'a (#%-ot$,#. P##-aa s,st#)

,)% ,, "#$)a*aat %t%- )#!t,-a $#a-s, p#$a'a!a5 a)%

'apat )#)%'a&-a pas,# t#$-#a ,*#-s,. O(#& -a$#a ,t% pa'ap#)"#$,a -o$t,-ost#$o,' s#"a!a, at,,*(a)at,- s#"a,-ya ',s#$ta-a

'#!a p#)"#$,a at,",ot,-9at,*%!a( %t%- )#/#!a& ,*#-s,.

@ T%-a- p#pt,-

T%-a- p#pt,- )#$%pa-a -o)p(,-as, ya! -a'a!@-a'a! t#$ja', pa'a

p#!o"ata '#!a -o$t,-ost#$o,'. S#"a" ,t% ",(a a'a -#/%$,!aa',aj%$-a %t%- )#(a-%-a p#)#$,-saa $a',o(o!, t#$&a'ap sa(%$a

/#$a "a!,a atas s#"#(%) o"at ',"#$,-a. P#)"#$,a 'os,s "#sa$

s#"a,-ya ',(a-%-a pa'a a-t% (a)"%! "#$,s,5 'a ', ata$a a-t%

)a-a ',"#$,-a atas,'a :",(a p#$(%;. P#$*o$as, ya! t#$ja', s#a-t%

t#$ap, -o$t,-ost#$o,' 'os,s "#sa$ sa!at "#$"a&aya -a$#a 'apat

"#$(a!s%! '#!a !#ja(a -(,,s ),,)a(.

@ Ost#opo$os,s :st#$o,'@,'%/#' ost#opo$os,s;


23/32

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' 'apat )#%$%-a -a'a$ >a2 'a(a) 'a$a& '#!a /a$a

)#!&a)"at p#)"#t%-a ost#o-(ast5 a)% 'a(a) ja!-a a-t% (a)a

)a(a& )#!&a)"at p#)"#t%-a t%(a! :s,t#s,s p$ot#, ', ost#o"(ast;

'a )#,!-at-a $#so$ps, s#&,!!a )#),/% t#$ja',ya ost#opo$os,s.

S#(a, ,t% j%!a )#%$%-a a"so$ps, >a2 'a PO0@ 'a$, ,t#st,a( 'a

)#,!-at-a #-s-$#s,ya )#(a(%, !,ja(5 s#&,!!a s#/a$a t,'a- (a!s%!a-a )#!a-t,*-a PTH ya! )#y#"a"-a $#so$ps,. Sa(a& sat%

-o)p(,-as,ya a'a(a& *$a-t%$ ?#$t#"$a a-,"at ost#opo$os,s 'a -o)p$#s,.

@ M,opat,-

Kata"o(,s)# p$ot#, a-,"at p#!!%aa -o$t,-ost#$o,' ya! 'apat

)#y#"a"-a "#$-%$a!ya )assa otot5 s#&,!!a )#,)"%(-a-#(#)a&a 'a ),opat,-. M,opat,- ",asaya t#$ja', pa'a otot p$o-s,)a(

(#!a 'a t%!-a,5 "a&% 'a p#(?,s5 'a pa'a p#!o"ata '#!a 'os,s

"#sa$. M,opat,- )#$%pa-a -o)p(,-as, "#$at 'a o"at &a$%s s#!#$a

',t,-a.

@ Ps,-os,s

Ps,-os,s )#$%pa-a -o)p(,-as, "#$"a&aya 'a s#$,! t#$ja',.

K#)%!-,a &a( ,, t#$ja', -a$#a a'aya !a!!%a -#s#,)"a!a

#(#-t$o(,t 'a(a) ota-5 s#&,!!a )#)p#!a$%&, -#p#-aa ota-. B#$"a!a,

"#t%- !a!!%a j,a 'apat )%/%(5 ata$a (a,= #$?os,tas5 ,so),a5

ps,-opat,-5 s-,o*$#,-5 -#/#'#$%!a "%%& ',$,. Ga!!%a j,a a-,"at

p#!!%aa &o$)o ,, 'apat &,(a! s#!#$a ata% 'a(a) "#"#$apa "%(a

s#t#(a& o"at ',t,-a.

@ H,p#$-oa!%",(,tas 'a$a&

H,p#$-oa!%(a",(,tas 'a$a& '#!a -#ja',a t$o)"o#)"o(, t#(a& ',t#)%-a

t#$%ta)a pa'a pas,# ya! )#)p%ya, p#ya-,t ya! )#)%'a&-a

t#$ja',ya t$o)"os,s ,t$a?as-%(a$. P#!o"ata -o$t,-ost#$o,' 'os,s "#sa$

pa'a pas,# ,,5 &a$%s ',s#$ta, p#)"#$,a at,-oa!%(a s#"a!a, t#$ap,

p$o*,(a-s,s.

@ P#$t%)"%&a t#$&a)"at


24/32

Pa'a aa-@aa- p#!!%aa -o$t,-ost#$o,' 'apat )#y#"a"-a

p#$t%)"%&a t#$&a)"at. M#-a,s)# t#$ja',ya )#(a(%, st,)%(as,

so)atostat,5 ya! )#!&a)"at !$ot& &o$)o#. S#(a, ,t%

-o$t,-ost#$o,' )#y#"a"-a -#&,(a!a >a2 )#(a(%, !,ja(5 a-,"atyat#$ja', s#-$#s, PTH ya! )#,!-at-a a-t,?,tas ost#o-(ast )#$#so$ps,

t%(a!. Ko$t,-ost#$o,' j%!a )#!&a)"at &o$)o@&o$)o !oa'5 ya!

pa'a a-&,$ya )#y#"a"-a !a!!%a p$os#s p#%(a!a s#&,!!a

)#!&a)"at p#$t%)"%&a.

@ P#,!-ata t#-aa 'a$a&

Ko$t,-ost#$o,' '#!a #*#- ),#$a(o-o$t,-o,'ya 'apat )#y#"a"-a

p#,!-ata t#-aa 'a$a&9&,p#$t#s,. a,t% #*#- $#t#s, so',%) ya!

)#!a-,"at-a $#t#s, a,$ 'a p#,!!,a t#-aa 'a$a&. B#"#$apa o"at

'#!a #*#- ),#$a(o-o$t,-o,' -%at ata$a (a, *(%'$o-o$t,so 'a

&,'$o-o$t,so.

@ G(a%-o)a :st#$o,'@,'%/#' !(a%/o)a;

Pato*,s,o(o!, !(a%-o)a a-,"at -o$t,-ost#$o,' "#(%) ',-#ta&%, '#!a "a,-.

D,'%!a t#$'apat '#*#- "#$%pa p#,!-ata a-%)%(as, !(,-osa),o!(,-a

ata% p#,!-ata a-t,?,tas $#spos p$ot#, t$a"#/%(a$@)#s&o$- ,'%/,"(#

!(%/o/o$t,/o,' :T


25/32

ASMA BRONK

)a-$o*a! ya! "#-#$ja s#"a!a, at,!# p$#s#t,! /#(( :AP>;. S#t#(a&

a(#$!# ',p$os#s 'a(a s#( AP>5 a(#$!# t#$s#"%t ',p$#s#tas,-a -# s#(

T&. S#( T& )#)"#$,-a s,!a( -#pa'a s#( B '#!a ',(#pas-aya

,t#$(#%-, 2 :

sa)a5 a(#$!# t#$s#"%t a-a ',,-at o(#& a

-#'a(a) s#( 'a p#$%"a&a ','a(a) s#( ya! )#%$%-a -a'a$ /AMP.

P#%$%a pa'a -a'a$ /AMP )#,)"%(-a '#!$a%(as, s#(. D#!$a%(as,

s#( ,, a-a )#y#"a"-a ',(#pas-aya )#',ato$@)#',ato$ -,),a ya!

)#(,p%t, = &,sta),5 s(o $#(#as,! s%pta/# o* aap&y(a-s,s : SRS@A;5

#os,op&,(,/ /&o)ot#t,- *a-to$ o* aap&y(a/s,s :E>F@A; 'a (a,@(a,. Ha( ,,

a-a)#y#"a"a-a t,)"%(ya t,!a $#a-s, %ta)a ya,t% = -ot$a-s, otot@

otot po(os "a,- sa(%$a a*as ya! "#sa$ ata%p% ya! -#/,( ya! a-a

)#,)"%(-a "$o-ospas)#5 p#,!-ata p#$)#a",(,tas -ap,(#$ ya!

"#$p#$a 'a(a) t#$ja',ya #'#)a )%-osa ya! )#a)"a& s#)a-,

)#y#)p,tya sa(%$a a*as 5 p#,!-atas#-$#s, -#(#ja$ )%-osa 'a

p#,!-ata p$o'%-s, )%-%s. T,!a $#a-s, t#$s#"%t )#,)"%(-a !a!!%a

?#t,(as,5 ',st$,"%s, ?#t,(as, ya! t,'a- )#$ata '#!a s,$-%(as, 'a$a&

pa$% 'a !a!!%a ',*%s, !as ',t,!-at a(?#o(,5 a-,"atya a-a t#$ja',

&,po-s#),a5 &,p#$-ap#a 'a as,'os,s pa'a ta&ap ya!sa!at (aj%t5

:Ba$"a$a >.L5145 Ka$# B. 105 ,((,a) R.S. 13 ;

B#$'asa$-a #t,o(o!,ya5 ast&)a 'apat ',-#(o)po--a )#ja', '%a j#,s

ya,t% ast&)a ,t$,s,- 'a ast&)a #-t$,s,-. Ast&)a #-t$,s,- :atop,;

',ta'a, '#!a $#a-s, a(#$!,- t#$&a'ap p#/#t%s@p#/#t%s sp#s,*,- ya!

'apat ',,'#t,*,-as, s#p#$t, = t#p%! sa$, ja)%$5 '#"%5 "%(% ",ata!5 s%s%

t#(o$ ,-a o"at@o"ata s#$ta "a&a@"a&a a(#$!# ya! (a,. S#'a!-a

ast&)a ,t$,s,- : o atop, ; ',ta'a, '#!a )#-a,s)# o a(#$!,-

ya! "#$#a-s, t#$&a'ap p#/#t%s ya! t,'a- sp#s,*,- s#p#$t, = U'a$a

',!,5 at -,),a5ya! "#$s,*at s#"a!a, ,$,ta s#p#$t, = oo 5#t#$5 ,t$o!#5

p#$%"a&a )%s,) 'a /%a/a5 a-t,*,tas *,s,- ya! "#$(#",& 5 -#t#!a!a


26/32

)#ta( s#$ta *a-to$@*a-to$ ,t$,s,- (a,. : Ato, >5 17 'a Tj# Da,#(5

11 ;.

S#$a!a ast&)a )#'a'a- s#/a$a -(,,s 'apat ',"a!, )#ja', t,!a

sta',%). Sta',%) p#$ta)a ',ta'a, '#!a "at%-@"at%- "#$-a(a 'a

-#$,!. Bat%- ,, t#$ja', -a$#a ,$,tas, )%-osa ya! -#ta( 'a)#!%)p%(. Pa'a sta',%) ,, t#$ja', #'#)a 'a p#)"#!-a-a "$o-%s.

Sta',%) -#'%a ',ta'a, '#!a "at%- ',s#$ta, )%-%s ya! j#$,& 'a

"#$"%sa. K(,# )#$asa s#sa- a*as5 "#$%sa&a %t%- "#$a*as 'a(a)5

#-sp,$as, )#)aja! ',,-%t, "%y, )#!, :#,! ;. K(,# (#",& s%-a

'%'%- '#!a ta!a ',(#ta--a pa'a p,!!,$ t#)pat t,'%$5 p#"#$,ta

ta)pa- p%/at5 !#(,sa&5 'a a$a -%(,t s#-,ta$ )%(a, )#)",$%. S#'a!-a

sta',% -#t,!a ',ta'a, &a)p,$ t,'a- t#$'#!a$ya s%a$a a*as -a$#a

a(,$a %'a$a -#/,(5 t,'a- a'a "at%-5p#$a*asa )#ja', 'a!-a( 'a t,'a-

t#$at%$5 ,$a)a p#$a*asa t,!!, -a$#a as*,-s,a5

2. T#$ap,

. P#o"ata o *a$)a-o(o!,-

a; P#y%(%&a

P#y%(%&a ,, ',t%j%-a pa'a p#,!-ata p#!#ta&%a -(,# t#ta!

p#ya-,t ast&)a s#&,!!a -(,# s#/a$a sa'a$ )#!&,'a$, *a-to$@*a-to$

p#/#t%s5 s#$ta )#!!%a-a o"at s#/a$a "#a$ 'a "#$-oso(tas, pa'a

t,) -#s#&ata.

"; M#!&,'a$, *a-to$ p#/#t%s

K(,# p#$(% ',"at% )#!,'#t,*,-as, p#/#t%s s#$a!a ast&)a ya! a'a

pa'a (,!-%!aya5 s#$ta ',aja$-a /a$a )#!&,'a$, 'a )#!%$a!,

*a-to$ p#/#t%s5 t#$)as%- p#)as%-a /a,$a ya! /%-%p "a!, -(,#.

/; F,s,ot#$ap,

F,s,ot#$p, 'apat ',!%a-a %t%- )#)p#$)%'a& p#!#(%a$a )%-%s.


27/32

/; Ko$t,-ost#$o,'

C,-a a!o,s "#ta 'a )#t,( Jat, t,'a- )#)"#$,-a $#spo ya! "a,-5

&a$%s ',"#$,-a -o$t,-ost#$o,'. St#$o,' 'a(a) "#t%- a#$oso(

: "#/(o)#taso ',p$op,at# ; '#!a ',s,s 688 #)pat -a(, s#)p$ot t,ap

&a$,. Ka$#a p#)"#$,a st#$o,' ya! (a)a )#)p%ya, #*#- sa)p,! )a-aya! )#'apat st#$o,' ja!-a (a)a &a$%s ',aas, '#!a -#tat.

'; K$o)o(,

K$o)o(, )#$%pa-a o"at p#/#!a& ast&)a5 -&%s%sya aa-@aa- .

Dos,sya "#$-,sa$ 1@2 -aps%( #)pat -a(, s#&a$,.

#; K#tot,*#

E*#- -#$ja sa)a '#!a -$o)o(, '#!a 'os,s 2 J 1 )! p#$&a$,.

K#%t%!aya 'apat ',"#$,-a s#/a$a o$a(.

*;


28/32

STATUS ASMAT


29/32

a'$#a(, s%"-%ta

. S#"a" ,)%o(o!,-

D#*#- )#',ato$ *a$)a-o(o!,- a-t,*

"aktor Pen#etus SA

A'a ,*#-s, sa(%$a a*as atas

Post *,"#$oopt,/ "$o-os-op,

M#!t,-a o"at as)a s#/a$a )#'a'a-

t$a%)a

2. T#$ap,

P#!o"ata s#(a)a s#$a!a stat%s ast&)at,-%s

a;


30/32

/; A),op&,(, "o(%s 3 )! 9 -! "" ',"#$,-a p#(a@p#(a s#(a)a 28

)#,t ',(aj%t-a '$,p R( ata% D3 )#t##/# :28 t#t#s9)#,t; '#!a

'os,s 28 )!9-! ""920 ja).

'; T#$"%ta(, 8523 )!94 ja) s#/a$a s%" -%ta.

#; D#Ja)ataso 18@28 )!94ja) s#/a$a ,t$a ?#a.

*; At,",ot,- sp#-t$%) (%as.

:P#'o)a p#ata(a-saaa stat%s ast&)at,-%s UPF pa$% RSUD D$

So#to)o S%$a"aya ;.

O"at2 ya! t#(a& ',"#$,-a :)a/a) o"at 'a 'os,sya;

P#)"#$,a o"at "$o-o',(ato$

P#,(a,a t#$&a'ap p#$"a,-a s#$a!a

P#$t,)"a!a t#$&a'ap p#)"#$,a -o$t,-ost#$o,'

S#t#(a& s#$a!a )#$#'a=

o >a$, *a/to$ p#y#"a"

o Mo',*,-as, p#!o"ata p#%ja! s#(aj%tya

T%j%a t#$ap, a'a(a& %t%-=

a. )#!&,(a!-a o"st$%-s, s#/#pat )%!-,

". )#!#)"a(,-a *%!s, pa$% o$)a( s#/#patya

/. )#$#/aa-a %sa&a p#!&,'a$a $#(aps ', )asa '#pa

T#$ap, aa( =

1. O2 0@4 L9)#,t

2. 9


31/32

/atata = &,'a$, ,&a(as, )%-o(,t,-

s#'at,?a ',(a$a!

at,&,sta), ta- "#$)a*aat

&,'a$, *,s,ot#$ap, pa'a saat s#sa- a*as

Bila hasil e$aluasi setelah % jam tak terlihat perbaikan!

F,s,-= !#ja(a "#$at5 )#!at%-5 ",!%!

VA$%s P%/a- E-sp,$as, :APE; 8I

P>O2 03 ))H!

PO2 48 ))H!

Masukkan ke &C' untuk pera(atan intensif dan kemungkinan

intubasi dan $entilasi mekanik)

*riteria memulangkan pasien!

S&o$t A/t,! B2 a!o,st ,&a(as, ',p#$(%-a 0 ja) s#-a(,

La/a$ "#$ja(a s#',$,

Ta- t#$"a!% )a(a) -a$#a s#sa-9p#$(% o"at

K#a'aa -(,,s o$)a(9&a)p,$ o$)a(

APE ata% FE 7V68I o$)a(9,(a, t#$"a,- s#t#(a& p#)a-a,a SA

B2 a!o,st ,&a(as,5 'a ?a$,a",(,tas PEF 28I

Pas,# t#(a& 'apat p#t%j%- /%-%p )#!#a, /a$a p#!!%aa

,&a(#$ 'a $#/aa p#$aata9-ot$o( as)a ', $%)a& 'a ',-(,,- %t%-

)#/apa, *%!s, pa$% t#$"a,-

. GECALA

D,a!os,s

Aa)#s,s

a. S#$a!a as)a s#-a$a!=

o V *a-to$ p#/#t%s= ,*#-s,5 a(#$!#

o V t#$ap, aa( 'a $#spos 'a(a) 1V2 ja)

o V (a)aya s#$a!a

". K#a'aa as)a s#"#(%)ya9$,s,-o t,!!,=

o V p#!!%aa -o$t,-ost#$o,'


32/32

o V p#$aata 'a$%$at9RS ta&% s#"#(%)ya

o V ,t%"as, %t%- as)a

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