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LAPORAN SKRIPSI
SISTEM PEMANTAU KEBAKARAN LEWAT EMAIL
BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI
MONITORING SYSTEM FIRE HOUSE USING EMAIL
BASED ON RASPBERRY PI
Disusun Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar
Sarjana Teknik Pada Program Studi Teknik Telekomunikasi
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telkom Purwokerto
Disusun oleh :
REMA HINDARKO
13101071
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI
SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI TELEMATIKA TELKOM
PURWOKERTO
2017
ii 13101071
13101071 iii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN
iv 13101071
13101071 v
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kepada Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah
melimpahkan rahmat dan barokah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan
skripsi dengan judul “SISTEM PEMANTAU KEBAKARAN RUMAH
LEWAT EMAIL BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI”. Laporan Skripsi ini disusun
untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat dalam memperoleh gelar Sarjana
Telekomunikasi pada Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi Sekolah
Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telematika Telkom Purwokerto.
Dalam melakukan penyusunan Laporan Skripsi ini penulis telah
mendapatkan banyak dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Penulis
mengucapkan terima kasih yang tak terhingga kepada:
1. Kedua orangtua dan keluarga yang tiada henti-hentinya berdo’a untuk
menguatkan penulis sehingga memberikan semangat untuk selalu
belajar.
2. Bapak Arief Hendra Saptadi, S.T., M.Eng., selaku dosen pembimbing
I dan Bapak Sigit Pramono, M.T., selaku dosen pembimbing II yang
telah memberikan bimbingan dalam penulisan laporan skripsi ini.
3. Para Dosen Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi Sekolah Tinggi
Teknologi Telematika Telematika Telkom Purwokerto yang telah
memberikan bekal ilmu kepada penulis.
4. Sahabat-sahabat seperjuangan Intan Tri Widyawati, Meiva Dikna
Adistya, Muhammad Ardia, Muhammad Syaiful Majid, Stefanus
Tommy Christian Widianto yang selalu membantu dan teman-teman
lainya yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu.
5. Andrean Dicky Kurniawan dan Hendro Bayu Pramono yang selalu
memberikan semangat dan motivasi
6. Teman-teman Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telkom
Purwokerto terutama kelas S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi B 2013 yang
telah membantu selama penyelesaian skripsi.
7. Nurul Fatonah, S.T. dan Mega Anggraheni Mustika Dewi, A.Md. yang
selalu memberikan masukan dan memberikan motivasi.
8. Semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam mengerjakan laporan skripsi
ini yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu.
Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa Laporan Skripsi ini masih jauh dari
sempurna, untuk itu semua jenis saran, kritik dan masukan yang bersifat
membangun sangat penulis harapkan. Akhir kata, semoga tulisan ini dapat
vi 13101071
13101071 vii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN AKADEMIS
Sebagai civitas akademik ST3 Telkom, saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:
Nama : Rema Hindarko
NIM : 13101071
Program Studi : S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi
Jenis karya : Skripsi
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, menyetujui untuk memberikan
kepada ST3 Telkom Hak Bebas Royalti Non-eksklusif (Non-exclusive
Royalty-Free Right) atas karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul “SISTEM
PEMANTAU KEBAKARAN RUMAH LEWAT EMAIL BERBASIS
RASPBERRY PI”.
Beserta perangkat yang ada (jika diperlukan). Dengan Hak Bebas Royalti
non-eksklusif ini ST3 Telkom berhak menyimpan, mengalihmedia/format-
kan, mengelola dalam bentuk pangkalan data (database), merawat, dan
mempublikasikan skripsi saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya
sebagai penulis pertama dan sebagai pemilik Hak Cipta. Demikian pernyataan
ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Purwokerto, 03 Januari 2017
Rema Hindarko
viii 13101071
ABSTRAKSI
Kebakaran rumah merupakan bencana yang sering terjadi di masyarakat.
Kebakarandapat terjadi kapan saja, karena kebakaran merupakan bencana yang
takterduga.Terkadang kebakaran rumah terjadi ketika pemilik rumah sedang
pergi, apabilahal seperti itu terjadi maka dapat menimbulkan kerugian materi
bahkan kerugian jiwa.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah sistem
yang dapa melakukan pemantauan rumah lewat email menggunakan sensor
suhu dan sensor asap yang dapat mendeteksi kebakaran secara dini.
Perancangan sistem ini dimulai dari sensor suhu, sensor asap yang yang
dikendalikan oleh arduino uno, kemudian arduino uno mengirimkan data dari
sensor suhu dan sensor asap ke raspberry pi menggunakan komunikasi serial.
Apabila suhu dan asap melebihi batas ketentuan maka web camera yang
terhubung dengan raspberry pi akan mengambil gambar ruangan dan
mengirimkan gambar tersebut ke email pemilik rumah. Dari perancangan
sistem yang telah dibuat didapatkan hasil bahwa gambar yang dikirimkan dari
raspberry pi dan yang diterima di email ukuranya sama dan delay pada saat
pengiriman gambar ke email kurang dari satu menit, oleh karena itu sistem ini
mampu bekerja secara real-time. Sebaiknya untuk penelitian selanjutnya
ditambahkan sensor api dan buzzer agar dalam mendeteksi kebakaran lebih
akurat dan ada alarm yang berbunyi ketika kebakaran terjadi.
Kata Kunci : Raspberry Pi, Email, Suhu, Asap
13101071 ix
ABSTRACT
A house fire is a frequent disasters in the community. Fires can occur
anytime, because fire is an unexpected disaster. Accidental house fires occur
when homeowners are away, when something like that happens, it can lead to
material loss and even loss of life. This research aims to design a system that
can either home monitoring via email using a temperature sensor and smoke
sensor that can detect fires early. The design of this system starts from a
temperature sensor, smoke sensor which is controlled by arduino uno, then
arduino uno transmit data from temperature sensors and smoke sensors to
raspberry pi using serial communication. If the temperature exceeds the
specified limits and smoke then web camera connected with raspberry pi will
take pictures of the room and sends the images to email the owner of the house.
From the system design which has been made showed that the images
transmitted from raspberry pi and received in the mail the same size, and the
delay at the time of sending the image to an email less than a minute, therefore
the system is able to work in real-time. For the further research, should be
added flame sensor and buzzer in order to more accurately detect fires and
there is alarm that sounds when the fire occurred.
Keywords : Raspberry Pi, Email, temperature, smoke
x 13101071
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................ ...i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ...................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ..................................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................. v
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN AKADEMIS ..................... vii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. viii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................ xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
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1.1Latar Belakang
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1.2Perumusan Masalah
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1.3Batasan Masalah
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1.4Tujuan Penelitian
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1.5Manfaat Penelitian
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1.6Metodologi Penelitian
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1.7Sistematika Penulisan
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BAB II DASAR TEORI
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2.1Sistem Pemantauan dan Keamanan
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2.2Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
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2.2.1IEEE 802.11a
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2.2.2IEEE 802.11b
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2.2.3IEEE 802.11g
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2.2.4IEEE 802.11n
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2.3Email
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2.3.1Struktur Email…
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2.3.1.1 Amplop (Envelop) ...............................................................10
2.3.1.2 Kepala Surat (Header) .........................................................11
2.3.1.3 Body ...................................................................................11
2.3.2Email Address
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2.3.3Pengiriman Email
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2.3.4Penerimaan Email
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2.3.5Email Server
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2.3.5.1 Simple Mail Transfer Protokol (SMTP) .............................. 13
2.3.5.2 Post Office Protocol (POP) ................................................. 14
2.4Perangkat Hardware
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2.4.1RaspberryPi
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2.4.2Arduino
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2.4.3Sensor LM35
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2.4.4Sensor MQ2
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2.4.5Webcamera
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2.4.6Wi-Fi Adapter
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2.5Perangkat Software
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2.5.1Sistem Operasi Raspbian
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2.5.1.1 Bahasa Pemrograman Python .............................................. 26
2.5.1.2 Library Pemrograman Python ............................................. 27
13101071 xiii
2.5.2Bahasa Pemrograman Arduino
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2.5.2.1 Struktur ...............................................................................28
2.5.2.2 Arduino Development Environment ....................................28
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
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3.1Perancangan Sistem
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3.1.1Sistem Arduino Uno
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3.1.2Sensor Asap
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3.1.3Sensor Suhu
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3.1.4Web Camera
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3.1.5Raspberry pi
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3.1.6Email
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3.2Perancangan Perangkat Keras
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3.2.1Rangkaian Sistem Arduino
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3.2.2Rangkaian Raspberry Pi
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3.3Perancangan Pembuatan Software
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3.3.1Flowchart Rangkaian Pengendali Utama
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3.3.2Program Sistem Arduino
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3.3.2.1 Program Insialisasi Port ...................................................... 39
3.3.2.2 Program Sensor Suhu dan Sensor Asap ............................... 39
3.3.2.3 Program Pengiriman Data ke Raspberry Pi ......................... 40
3.3.3Program Sistem Raspberry Pi
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3.3.3.1 Program Inisialisasi Port ..................................................... 41
3.3.3.2 Pengecekan Data dari Arduino ............................................ 41
3.3.3.3 Program Web camera .......................................................... 42
3.3.3.4 Program Pengiriman Email ................................................. 43
BAB IV PENGUJIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
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4.1Pengujian Sistem Arduino Uno
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4.2Sensor Asap
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4.1Pengujian Sensor Suhu
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4.1.1Pembacaan Sensor Suhu
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13101071 xv
4.1.2Pembandingan Sensor Suhu dengan Thermometer Ruangan
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4.2Pengujian Komunikasi Serial
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4.3Pengujian Web camera
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4.4Pengujian Ukuran Gambar
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4.5Pengujian Delay
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4.6Pengujian Sistem Keseluruhan
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4.7Pembahasan Hasil
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BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
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5.1Kesimpulan
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5.2Saran
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................63
LAMPIRAN
xvi 13101071
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Pembacaan Sensor Suhu ................................................................ 48
Tabel 4.2 Hasil Pengujian Sensor Suhu ......................................................... 49
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pengujian Ukuran Gambar yang Dikirim dan Diterima ......... 53
Tabel 4.4 Hasil Data Delay Pengiriman Gambar ........................................... 55
Tabel 4.5 Hasil Pengujian Sistem Keseluruhan ............................................. 56
xiv 13101071
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Logo Wireless Fidelity ............................................................... 8
Gambar 2.2 Elemen Dasar Email .................................................................. 10
Gambar 2.3 Pengiriman Email ...................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.4 Sistem Post Office Protocol (POP) ............................................. 14
Gambar 2.5 Raspberry Pi 3 ........................................................................... 16
Gambar 2.6 Blok Diagram Arduino Board .................................................... 16
Gambar 2.7 Perangkat Arduino Uno ............................................................. 18
Gambar 2.8 Konfigurasi Pin ATMega328 ..................................................... 19
Gambar 2.9 Peta Memori Program ATMega 328 .......................................... 19
Gambar 2.10 Peta Memori Data ATMega 328 .............................................. 20
Gambar 2.11 ADC dengan kecepatan sampling rendah dan tinggi ................. 22
Gambar 2.12. Sensor Suhu LM35 ................................................................. 23
Gambar 2.13 Sensor MQ2............................................................................. 24
Gambar 2.14 Web camera ............................................................................. 24
Gambar 2.15 Contoh Wi-Fi Adapter ............................................................. 25
Gambar 2.16 Arduino Integrated Development Environment ........................ 29
Gambar 3.1 Blok Diagram Perancangan Alat ................................................ 32
Gambar 3.2. Rangkaian Pada Sistem Arduino ............................................... 36
Gambar 3.3 Rangkaian Pada Sistem Raspberry Pi ....................................... 36
Gambar 3.4. Flowchart Sistem Kerja Arduino dan Raspberry Pi .................. 38
Gambar 4.1 Keluaran Sensor Suhu ................................................................ 46
Gambar 4.2 Grafik Asap Rokok .................................................................... 47
Gambar 4.3 Grafik Asap Kertas .................................................................... 47
Gambar 4.4 Grafik Asap Plastik .................................................................... 47
Gambar 4.5 Grafik Perbandingan Sensor LM35 dan Thermometer ................ 49
Gambar 4.6 Port Serial dari Arduino............................................................. 50
Gambar 4.7 Data dari Arduino ...................................................................... 50
Gambar 4.8 Proses Pengujian Web camera ................................................... 51
Gambar 4.9 Gambar Tersimpan di Raspberry Pi ........................................... 51
Gambar 4.10 Ukuran Gambar yang Dikirim .................................................. 52
Gambar 4.11 Ukuran Gambar yang Diterima Pemilik Rumah ....................... 52
Gambar 4.12 Waktu Pengambilan Gambar Web camera ............................... 54
Gambar 4.13 Keterangan Waktu Ketika Email Diterima ............................... 54
13101071 xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A :Datasheet Arduino Uno ........................................................ L-1
Datasheet Sensor LM35 ............................................................................ L-2
Datasheet Sensor MQ2 .............................................................................. L-3
Datasheet Raspberry Pi 3 .......................................................................... L-4
Lampiran B : Rangkaian Keseluruhan ...................................................... L-5
Lampiran C : Source Program Keseluruhan ............................................... L-6
Lampiran D : Lembar Revisian Sidang ...................................................... L-7