l

KUMPULAN GRAFIK

PEN·GANGKUTAN

SEDIMEN (SEDIMENT TRAISPOR;IATION)

... -·-·--·------"

BAGIAN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK U.G.M.

®

'11--+---- I =:~~- :~~J : -~ . J .. ::::~~i=~~tf 1~ ~L~ ;: -~~- ~o1~~Ult 1~o ~;.;7~~tll:~ ·o y--·---i -··+· -- Ii - -----~·--··--:----i .. ·:r ....... r ":'. r ..... i · .. -... . • -::i ft-u ~-·4------·~1~ ...

:-u-1. -=·· .- - =~- --- - · - _CLLl1JJJI __ ·1; !] I

s +- -+--+-++-+-+ I I --·· · ·· ---·-._-

Taken from a -~ • ~ Sohulz, Wilde and Albertsov . influence of &h&j>e on tho fall velooity ' " = ::~ of sedimentary particle.a. Colora.d.o A & M, Ft Collins •• July '54. 1 / I - , .• ~

~ ., . ~~=-- ~~ ~ :=. ~~ J .. _:~~r]~- :: ~- l:. -~~~~==t~t ~t~l ·· . -. ={~: ~~f :1~1 ; :~: ~~--- -~~~-.-~~~~: ~=~--~-:~- ~~- J-1· ·. :-= -r ·: t · ~ ·-1 : :~-~~J -t :;;, ,., - ····· - ·-~ :: -l=-~~=-_ .. J .. - . J_ JL .Ji. ·-··· J __ L ~

1- j

~,::J~~-~~t~:;~i~-+uat ..... LJ ~LU I !II ___ J.LLJ lll

o.O!i ..,___..,..__ _ ____ . _ _._ --....-,-----+- ·--·

o.o .. •·· _,..._ ·---·---- ...... ~. -·- --

0 .03. -· ·---·--· ··- ...... 8' o· </

0 .02 ... -4-/ -·

0.01. • ....£--A:""......al.~4' 000!> 001

FR0"4 OATA ay U. S OEl'T O' AGFl.ICUL1'll"lt ' • COOPERATIVE L A90R"T()RV, SOii .. CON~[ I\ VAT •O~I I

SCIWtC{ . C:ALIF'OMN!A INSTITVT[ or , ECHNOLOGV t-+-+--.-+---- --·-· .. 4 · ··- · +·· . fASAOENA, CALIVORNIA

--- • ____ ...J... _____ _.____,_~_..._ ...... w.-_. I rtt10"4 R[f'IRUol~ili'. (I) .. 41

- _____ J .... i_l_ l L LL L- --- - . - . L----L-L.J .. _L..J. IJ..1°' 007 0 I 0 2 0 3 0 .& 0.7 I a J & 1 t• 2¢ )() !>O 10 100

f.4L L V[LOC!'TY IN CM I SEC

3: c

.c~fll ~~

®

cJ

! ·.:;- troa-;- ··-·· -. . . . -~ --- -----~---- ------T-:-~ . ~- ---+---r· LJ. Scmuls, &..a. VU.de an4 ll.L. ilber'UOD• ~ of dai- on ~tall ftliooit7 ot ~

2 :, ' -·: p~ola. Colondo .4 •. ., rt Oolli:u. Jul7 •54. . : I I I

. ... . ....., ....... . ......... c ,......... .... .... _ '~ · . . ... ~ :: ! 11 I I I I I I t 11 I I I I I I 11 I. J 6 I I I I I 11 I I I I I 11 11 . -- I I I I I I I I

:.L-1-!=t ...

! I I I Io.~ - -_-. .

o.s --- r ~ - --- - --- .. ----·- -- -- ~

0.4 -- ---··· -·· · -1-· -·-··- · -- - ---· . • I .. t0 (/)

0.31 I 1--..J..-...+-·+-+-.f-f.+--- ---- -+--·+--+--f-+-++ I I I -+-·+-·+-+-I I It •· I I I - I I I I I I

~.T~ -- , rn~ --+--+---+-+--l I I 11 · I _,__, I I I 1-U---

1 0' LI ' I LLJ I ii _1_L J I I I I 11111 ~ I I I 111111 . I 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 10 2 3 4 6 8 ~ ..!!!n ~. 4 6 8 2 3. 4 6 8 fCI. l5

REYNOLDS NuM8ER Re• " r . Co i Re GftAPH FOR NAlURAU.Y WORN SUXMENTS

0.2 I I I -+-4-- 1-4-++4-- · ··-- - ·· ··· . ..

I "'O -.,

°' ~ · -

N;,* I},~ "' ~ ,"-I I I

L 0

"O Cl

'j'

~I~ II\

~ -

®

100

5

2

10-1

5

2

10·2

5 1oO 2

. .. Re = •

d u.d = 11.6 b

L I i :/ : 1 ~, j

i ~ I !''" I I

LINES OF EQUAL u. AND d BASED ON f s = 2650 kg/m3 AND\) :: 1. 25 x 10- 6m'l's { 12 °C)

' i

! ) v I

/i I J

., '1 I - -- i I ·1

5

RELATIONSHIP OF CRITICAL SHE.AR STREs :-; AND 01Ar"1ETF H FOR A BED OF UNlfOf<M GRAIN~). ACC. TO SHIELDS (1936)

u..*" w

®

10° i- 101

102 iff ___ _.;..._ __ __,...., ______________ ......,.._ ..,. .. .... ~ .... ,_....,,.,,.. ... ~ .. ~- ........ ~ ... -.. ._,._ ......... --.. -... ....

-.---·---4-- U * G/\) H f,

POINT OF (IW.•NSKffic..._ . d ~ 0 ·011 ..... T Rl\N!>i flON ( 8 ,. •

FRO"" hT(; IS ANC&lO TO AIPl>US

Ri'PPl£~ -TI> OIJNl!S ·OJ5

' "" I-~ ~::::: r.:.:::.r . ..I.f.:.::_:J::-=:.:r.:..J lAUR!>EN

d : 0 ·10 -· ( I) )0

fr I c .. I 5

B~o;,> 1<.S

d o 01?>'1•""

!..l!' Fr I Cr IS

B~P;10>1 If I •"I d = 016 .....

F_ r, I c. 15

ll s .c,. ':: ·- c:.:; v d .:.. o4S , ... ,,. ~ ...

Fr I Cr IS

15

·l) ! 70 ~O?O I ·20 I 70 J.<>t't I '!10 I '\O I CJ'l'7

.. 10

.y'

t-- f I ll I I- puNf!. To TAAICSIT&ON ·10 I ·..O ·l1 I I I 1·60 lteoolt2. lf>O ·iooo 10 102

id fl

"' ,.,

!..

' i.:,,

--• I I I I I 10 • I -.'...-.--L-·1--

10-• , ., 1. ---;~·--~ ~ -,~--;,,.-- .t

I I I I

~~ TO AN"JIDVHfS 120 ,000 '46

GIL&J<T ( H )• • ' lANt-f CM!l<;ON d-v11-. d ·J.17""" d:4,q'"""' d ~ 4l·o-•·-

TRM6ITION ( C ) • •

POiNY- OF

FROM 5- ~~ Jt~·J; i-~~~~- 5· 1-.~fc-.~

.;;~~?.~" T~T :~-· - : -t I j j - - -- 1 1~ 10' ~~~~:~~-- . ·~0 -~~~ :_~ I~-- 2_~ ~-?. 1-~1 l:~~o f ,'l(J ~ J l i . L -i t I • I

-·· -rRms1110l'I ' l : 1 .f.-f ~· TO ANTIO<.INf~ _j_ __ L,_ . __ j__ -~- -- _,_.,I 1 I v _ • CO"'tPLlTf !.>T>e.idty o~ Bfl>;~OTP A~S1 roi\11 "t\."ll./f;--1

1 -,

• .. Rl~EltlNCl r AOM V'J\I\( 11 D."f ,\ .\RE 1J<Kf.N t I~ d MtOIAN Pl;i.METfP c;~ l'>H> "'"'l<llM '"' M>'\ I I

cf."> 0'<f" Fr FP.OVDE NUM&~ · l . . . D ~o I c. CONCEN-r """''°N ~ -rcHA1.- L°"'O 1N F-v.., I I!

0• 5 5l0f'f' IN Pt:Rt ~Nl' •

-~· - • I I I ·:i- . . --,--...,.---...... ' 10 C:- I I - - -~i

--1- ·

---- .. - ----J--4-f-- ·--1---- ·--1

I I I I I I '"' . ,,- I

i Jrf·--~/,tl' -:J.J!' ~

t-i

-+-

0

_]~--~----- -~ ~ ''At>' i• _..,~ fo"IJa.

-- ~-'~,~ --+-1 ~1 ~11 i C . _-t= s

11) • j/Jl>

Re*. 'I• o/o L RI T f.RIA FOR nuuf1HNfC,C, IN

'Jen

Al 1 \JVIAL CHANNl l':>

10'

FROM ALBERTSON ET AL ( 1958 l A SCE PAPE'R 1558 PG. 23

~~ ~m ;; s t+-cri ;I

S"~ JC" • -c

i~ rf" 11'1 c 0- "11 -o • ::0 F'~ r o-:J z •o -:c =~ cnz -.,,

Iii

~ ~

)>

l

't FOR IDE BOUNDARY

fwlhl · ·

~ ·1 I I I .~ ,,-i . ·. . . . "'~"'"" ..---- _J --·· - - . . -·---·---L t I~ ,_..-., , - -_v, ...... ~ ~.:'ft }/'-' _.i..-· c.--··'-·-'""" . --·- -·-

I I ii/ - 7-.,, ~ ~ ,.. ~ TRACTIVE FORCE ' I I . - - : '-k ) ALOllG BOJTOM 11--t-+--L--L

I I . /v ~~ .. ~ -:--~-"--~--= -- -,, ~~" ~.\ . ' ± I I l ---, -·· _j ' , 14-~;'/ . I ' TRACTIVE FORCE .. - -1---- ,_:_ - __ I I 1 v .. - AJ.ON•~ r---

, 7

. . ,,.~ '\ -·- . . __ J

a • l.t-~.. , . - _J I r--' .. ~ ~ -- • . BOTTOMWiiii>o_b_ - - - ._ __ I ./ I/ -ER DEPTH • f;' " '

...... /~L/ --··r-=t:J .... 1-~ ...... 1~~11.)_~-~~~- --i._1 __ 1· · - -----r-- - 1----- ---- ·-+·---'

0 ---

· -l -' .. '

I

'

08 o.z '·' I.I u 1.0 u 1.4 1.1 1.1 2.D

: FOR IOfTOM BOUNDARY

I ! ; l I ~ .

,I

; )lo :o -.01

0.3

I

IC• CRITICAL TRACTIV E FORC E ON SIDES IN FRACTION OF VALUE FOR LEVEL BOTTOM ,~ NOH -co~ESIVE MrERIAI. i

... o.a 0.1 o,• ~ o.• O.T u I

- K = Crliieal tractive force on sidu in fraction o( val1ae (or level bottom for non-cohc:oivc material. K • 1:.SC/ Acc. te Lant C 1155 l 1,..-oc

Meon Diameter in Milli meters 1.0 2.0 4.0 100 20.0

t

FIG.B

400 6CO

-l•I 1.0

. 90

' - "'* - 80 ~

.70

---~t----+- ~--.-·-+-.... , -. +----+---+-~--l-+-+-............ ,.2i. - .40

O.OI OJ ~ eon Diameter. Inches

• 1.0 ANOLE OF REPO.SE OF NON-COHESIVE MATERJAL

Acc. to Silnolts Ofld AlbertNft· ( 1910)

1•2' ~ •

IO

J 8'

"' l "' z --I -

~

t 100 ..

10

1.0

\\

........ -·-~---.. --c.=-=-_:::_-,- ---::r- ·-· ··---·--- ·--·- I I I I ++-.. ------ ·- ·---·· •-- ·- · ·· ·-- ·· ·- ---· =--~=-rt::t.:ttttt=::~.::: --...-.-·~- ··-.. --·- ··-+--

..__..--1-1 ..... ·•- -- -- · --- ----- --.a.- -.+-~~-· ----·-4---~--.......... ----·

1--- , _

. ...f-f ~~ ...... ---~---- -------1----~---~--1--+-

..._---+-·--+'--+:e;..+--+-t-+-H ·--.+-+-++-+++-·--- -+---~---+- --1-·-i· -+--- • · -·--+----·+-· - 1--1.. _,_ _,_

I I I I ~~_:_; _ _-:~==:·:~1=~=t:--l ~t:t-J±lt_: ___ -~ . ~ ~- ::±1 ;!::t!Jl::_-: ___ l=t.t±_j~ ---lf----+--..f. .. · -~

~----.:..-+----4---+--

1.-f~-~r~~. c~~~ -;lth measured points for uni torm sediment.

1--- - • D• 28.65 -mm. 0.785 mm. D•

A • 1 ~--J-..-- ........ *--·- 9:9~~

1 e*· 7~---· · ·

-·-·· -----~-·--- ...... ·- . - ~ -+- ·-~~-"-+ 4-

- ---1 .. .......,..._-6·-··-_ ++-:··~---s ±.n1-* 4.-1-----··- .

J----- -4--4-- -+---· -

- -+--~--- f-. -·-----·-t-- --+---4-.. - J-+-+-t+··----···----

- ----·-·-.:.----'----+---1-~-+· ---·---+----+--- f-+-+-+-t . .. .. _. __. __ . __ -+- ~..+-~.,,__.__,~

.. ~4-1+-------~---'- ·· _,__. -1--1--'-+~-1--------+-- ---1-- --t--+·-·-- ... ....... -·----- ,..

0.1 0.0001 OJJ01

-- ·--..L - -~-.L.-.&....1.1.1- I I I I I 1-1-L+---

0.01 0.1 10 10

1.

30 l fls-;'Jw d

1• ·-/JW .14' RI

I ZS

1

11

I I ' I ! l

i l : i l :. i : I I ! l ! I I I I I !

l : ! ! I

FR!JLINK

EINStElN

I kAUNSKE

j

I I I

' i

I I 1 I i' ! . ' . I j

0 ..&.-...1......i....L...u.Lu,+...--L....J-IU-J.~--l-J.~L.Wi~J....J.:.:..wai

CUI01 0.01 C.1 1.0 10

COMPARISON OF FORMULAE OF KAUNSKE, EINSTEIN, MEYER-PETER AND MULLER,ANO FRULINK.

FIG. F @

r • I I I.: . I I j !

I I • I I l I i

I ; ; i I l I

ff-~.6 f I I 11 i i -!°A.':="AAJ-.l"RT j I I ! i

es - i I i " : ' +

I i I _lj+, ;-·· -- ·- ·-1 · f I f : :

I I : I I I : I ' ; I I

: ! I I I : l I I ! .

: 1 t' : r- - 1 ·-r·· !-- 'I 1 :

' I i I : ! I I : ' I I j !

I ; i ! : ' ! 1. : --- • l ~ ; 10 L ____ --· 1-- -- . . . ; I !

I . ' I I

I I : I I i I : : i i I 1 I l I : ; .

t--. . . I i i ! .

2.0

15

6' L _ . - · _ ._ .. . t • -- ..

([N. [ I

'VQ 0 L I ... I _J ____ .. 0.001 0,01

t I

. I I I I ! I ; : I I \

rt 1111 1

I I I

I i I I

I I I 1 •• ' ' • 1' 1_ ' l

: i I I I I . . ' I I

' i ' : ' DELFT BAKELITE I ' : - : I . PUMICE STONE I

····1 · ---· l ... I I

r-1 I i ! : ; + WAAL I I --- . -·-··· -, . ----1·--t···r·-t-r· -. . LOWER RHINE

I I I I I ·1 I

-T J

0

!

. j. I I I I

-+

I i . I I !

IL1 I 1~ ..

. ! t ' ..

........ . . L .... ~ .

0.1

•

0 I I I . ! i l 1 I I I ! i l

I I ' l ! i I I' 11

I · ·· ·-~, --T-rlt -- ----t- 1-tr + I I I l i i I !

.. ,--r - tJ-~- -r - 1--·- --+f 1

; I • i l I I I i i . I I : I I I

• 1.1 .. b 11 i I I ' I ! 11 ; . + i ; 1-! ,.. . -+- - t __ L l 1-- . -f •I~ · .~ 11 ' l ' ' ! i

' I I

•• l .. I i .... . --1- . - - i. . l I .. j !

: I ..

J~ IJ )j Tb/d~

0

0 I I ! :

~---- : - ~- f i I . i I I L

_ 10 f,0

. SIMPLIFIED BED-LOAD EQUATION ACC. TO FR'JLINK ( 1952)

MODEL-ANO PROTOTYPE MEASUREMENTS

I It I

s --------~./I

I ' I

I ~,

I 6 !

I I

I

I !. I

• z ~~~-/~~~---+-~--+--+-

/ /• # •

/ 4 ~!~~~~,,~-~----+--------\..._-+--------+-------+-----+-----+-~~---'

0.2 0.S o., o.s

EXPERIMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN RIPPLE •FACR>R JJ

ANO A-/'N . ..!... . /'W hi

Aec. to Fr1jlinlc (1952)

Cl.I 0.9 Ul

·~~~~ -. - · -:_::_ ~~- i · -=-- i- · 1 · .. rrn 111 t . . J _ _ . )~ 6000 ___ Tractive Force (lb/Ft 2

) =2 D_1ameter (In .) or __ f~V Tractive Force (Kg/M 2

; =Diameter (CmJ ""', (N~ f .,.~ H. I I l-~ .. ~,, I I I I I I [',. I ~ 'f/

40QQ 1 I 1 I I I I I I I ~·~ ~0.8 t _i •

1 Canals With 2.53, Colloids in Water, Russia!\- , ~ 10.6 l> I I I I I I I I t I ~ ~ -,-~ 2 000 Recommended for Canals With High / ~ . ,-

0 4

& Recommended for Canals With Low ~ (NK) . .J/ ~ 1 1 1 1 • 1 --

..... 0 0

LL.

<l> ..... re ::::> cr (/)

.....

~ Content of Fine Sediment in Water "' \ / r· . ~ Conte'nt of Fine Sediment in Water -.. "'- I \ q-//

1 8. 1000 ~ Recomf!lended By S. F.orti~r and - , ~ ~ I Canals With 0.1 '7o ta 0.2 '4-. > I/) 800 !(. C, Scooey for Cana.ls'" Fine Sand '. v ·"' . " ,, COiioids in Water Russia

<l> a. (/)

"O c :J 0

Q..

'-J ~ · With Water Containing Collofds ~ ~ j ~... ~ · ~· ./ ~---- ' ""

~ 600 Recommended By A. Schol-.litsch _...lo' "f'- ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ -f C I . s d \ .-~ .,o:.~ <11111' ~ "- .J 0 1 c or ana s in an;;;...-:- ~ _ ,. / ,,, , .. ~ - - - .

\. I I I ~ _ ...--<NK) / ~ ~ ' Recommended for Canals. r-- 0.08 3 c

~

~ ~ ~ ~

:;::; 0 (0 ... ... -(Q (,,) :;::; ·;: 0

400 ~ • 'f" -----=.~V V r-..f' in Coarse, Noncohesive ,.__ o

Nuernoerg Kulturamt <NK) I ~// / Material-Size 25t'tt'., Larger 0.06 u.. I I , ,. ,.,. ,' r ~v v IL v

200 <NK) v ~" ~v ) 1 1 . -r- o.o4 -~ r/: . l/ !:I .. ...-~ ' ..._

4 c-;,..-..... ~ I ,_ -.;ti' _ _... ~ re , V ~~ i.-....- 'K_ .... Recommended for Canals With Clear Water · 1 t-

- fl'/ ~ ~ Values of the Critical Tractive :¥ 100 .- ,,....-"\. _,,, ,,,. ___ -'~ ~ Force Determined By l. Straub 0.02 o

~ ~ I 80 ____ ',._ ..,., - Canals With Clear Water, Russia 60 ~ t><: ·- -

./ r- Recommended By S. Fortier and F. C. Scobey 0.01 ./.,... _ for_Canals in Fine Sand With Clear Water, .... O.OOS

40 JI' I I ·r- 0.007 3or- I I I I I I

0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6 8 10 20 40 Mean Diameter, in Millimeters

lti-~( 0\1\IL!\'DUJ LJ\II'I'ING TlL·\('"ll\'f: l·OH{'I<!-. "'OH ('\'I.; \.L:-<

Ace b I or1ti1 { l!f'>S j

60 80100

. "'-f,.~;.

DDICCHSIYE SANO I ~,,, ( o.t mm -r---;,__-;---;--t-t-+---~

a I ' 5 I 7 I I f0•1 t

l. IMITINI TRACT1YE fl'CRCI PMDS I fl'T I

TRACTlYi FORCES IN COHESIVE MATERIAL.

' : 1.00SC : I ; i

' I ' I !

-t---t--....... ~t>--1'--r' 'AllCLY --+---+~~~ COM .. ACT

I I '

' ! i !

I ' I I TI siP

·r.. '.

OJ 0,6 q1 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1

DlSTRIBUTION OF SUSPENSION AS A FUNCTION OF ~·

grainsize in mm.

1.1 .r41 t o 1.11

! ! 11 l I I . . , . . I lm-ti,'l I j ' . -r--; i I l I

i I' I !

' '

.-I I

•

OISTRIBUTfON OF SUSPENSION IN THE MISSOURI RtVER.