kontruksi dan kekuatan kapal

7/23/2019 Kontruksi dan Kekuatan Kapal

1/98

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pjkyjfcrck mcyc tjick ijctcs hdtjktuick `njb ijchcck mjn`lfckm+ Uchc icpcn pjhcnclck.yckm njfdb ljkjktuick chcncb ijchcck luctck. sjhckm pchc icpcn yckm fjrncycr hdscluhjrc. ijchcck pjrluicck cdr yckm mjn`lfckm aumc diut punc ljkjktuick fjscrkyc

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Gcrrdjrs$+ Icpcn,icpcn hjkmck pckackm njfdb hcrd 365 l. yckm luctck hck/ctcu fcnncst fdsc

hdhdstrdfusdick tdhci ljrctc+ Icpcn,icpcn hjkmck pckackm iurckm hcrd 365 l. adic rckgckmckkyc ljlpjr,

bdtukmick luctck hck fcnncst hdhdstrdfusdick tdhci ljrctc. tjrlcsui Ictjm`rd DD+Icpcn icpcn ictjm`rd DD 1

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I@KXVZIWD HCK IJIZCXCK ICUCN DXW | 3
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


2/98




Ujrljrdiscck ijiuctck. hd cwcnd hjkmck pjrbdtukmck uktui i`khdsd icpcn hd cdr tjkckm.ijkuhdck hdnckautick uktui ijchcck hdmjn`lfckm+

3+ UJLFJFCKCK UCHC ICUCN

3+3 UJKTJFCVCK LJLCKACKM MCTC FJVCX+

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pjkaulncbck hcrd pjkyjfcrck fjrct icpcn i`s`km hjkmck fjrct luctck. pjrfjicnck. grjw.pjkulpckm. pjrsjhdcck fcbck fcicr. ldkyci nulcs. cdr tcwcr hck ncdk scfcmcdkyc. ycdtuljrupcick fjrct t`tcn pchc scct icpcn fjrncycr+

Icrjkc hdstrdfusd fjrct dkd fdcsckyc hdbdtukm hcncl tcbcp pjrjkgckcck. lcichdstrdfusd fjrct dkd. "tjrutclc fjrct fchck icpcn$ hdbdtukm hjkmck gcrc pjkhjictck+

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3/98




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Xcfjn 3+3 1Bcrmc i uktui rhdkct

Bcrmc iuktui `rhdkct c f g

Icpcn iurus > 5.? 5.?:7 3.34: 5.:??Icpcn sjhckm 5.? > > 5.=: 5.?25 3.32: 5.:25Icpcn mjlui ; 5.=: 5.=5? 3.3=8 5.:4?

Adic hdpjrnuick bcrmc,bcrmc c. f. hck g yckm ncdk. bcrus ljljkubd bufukmck fjrdiut 176

6


4/98




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p`s. cmcr hdpjr`njb bcsdn yckm njfdb tjndtd hck tjpct+ Hdsdkd bcrus hdpjrbctdick fcbwc njtcitdtdi fjrct hcrd lcsdkm,lcsdkm ijn`lp`i fjrct ycdtu luctck. pjrljsdkck. fcbck fcicr.

pjrnjkmicpck hck pjrcnctck. cdr tcwcr hck sjfcmcdkyc chcncb sjsucd hjkmck bcrmc,bcrmcljkurut pjrbdtukmck fjrct+

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luctck luctck luctck

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5/98




3+6+ UJKTJFCVCK LJLCKACKM MCTC XJICK IJCXCW+

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Wjpjrtd idtc ijtcbud fcbwc hdspncgjljkt icpcn hcpct hdpjr`njb hcrd dktjrmrcsd ijcrcb ljlckackm hcrd lcssc,lcssc cdr sjpckackm icpcn+

" $ $7+3"5

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6/98




Mclfcr 3+8 1 Ujrnjtcick sulfu mjn`lfckm pchc mclfcr f`kajck+

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Wycrct ijsjdlfckmck ijhuc ycdtu fcbwc tdtdi fjrct hck tdtdi tjick bcrus tjrnjtcipchc sctu mcrds tjmci. hdsdkd fjnul hdpjrdisc hck cick hdpjkubd hcncl pjrsclcck l`ljknjkmiukm+ Hcncl pjrbdtukmck hdctcs. fckmukck ctcs aumc hdlcsuiick hcncl pjrbdtukmckhdspncgjljkt cpcfdnc mjn`lfckm yckm tjrachd sclpcd ljkmjkcd fckmukck ctcs+

I@KXVZIWD HCK IJIZCXCK ICUCN DXW | ?

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7/98




FCF DD

UJVBDXZKMCK L@LJK NJKMIZKM HCK MCTC NDKXCKM

6+3 UJVWCLCCK HCWCV

Hcncl pcscn dkd hdckmmcp fcbwc njkmiukm hdstrdfusd mcyc fjrct icpcn hck njkmiukmhdstrdfusd mcyc tjick ijctcs sjpckackm icpcn hcpct ljljkubd sycrct ijsjdlfckmck ijhucycdtu tdtdi pusct mcyc fjrct hck tdtdi pusct mcyc tjick ijctcs tjrnjtci hdsctu mcrds vjrtdicn" sctu mcrds ijrac $+

Mclfcr 6+3 1 Ujkyjfcrck mcyc fjrct hck mcyc tjick ijctcs

Vucs ickck ljrupcick hdstrdfusd ljlckackm hcrd fjfck,fjfck yckm fjijrac pchcicpcn+ Hck o"x$ ljrupcick sjndsdb cktcrc mcyc tjick ijctcs hck mcyc fjrct+

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Mclfcr 6+2+f 1 I`rjisd Ndkjcr uktui L`ljk njkmiukm


3/"x$ "x$ < 3

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11/98




Zktui bcrmc mcyc ndktckm sdsc 6S"x$ yckm njfdb fjscr hcrd bcrmc hdctcs bcrushdbcpusick hjkmck ljkm`rjisd mcyc tjick ijctcs+ Hjldidck aumc uktui l`ljk sdsc yckmnjfdb fjscr pjrnu hdnciuick pjkmdlfckmck yckm njfdb tjndtd+ Zktui lcisuh dkd idtc

fcyckmick njkmiukm mcyc tjick ijctcs hdrufcb sjpjrtd pchc Mclfcr 6+4+Icrjkc chckyc pjrufcbck dkd. cick tjrachd pjrufcbck mcyc ndktckm sjfjscr1


12/98




Achd tjrkyctc fcbwc j dcncb fjscr pjkmmjsjrck tdtdi tjick+ Njkmiukm tjickck cdrtdhci pjrnu hdmcktu hjkmck yckm fcru. icrjkc pjrufcbck mcyc ndktckm hck l`ljk nckmsukmhdhcpct hcrd pjkmmjsjrck tdtdi tjick j hcrd njkmiukm mcyc tjickck lunc,lunc f"x$+

6+7 UJVBDXZKMCK MCTC NDKXCKM HCK L@LJK NJKMIZKM

WJGCVC KZLJVDI+

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tjrndbct pchc mclfcr 6+35 fjrdiut 1

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Dktjmrcn o"x$ hcrd x5 sclpcd x3 < nucs fdhckm yckm hdfctcsd `njb o"x$ hck sulfu x hcrd x5sclpcd x3

Icrjkc ljnciuick dktjmrcsd sclc hjkmck ljkmbdtukm nucsck. lcic mrcodi pjkyjfcrckfjfck icpcn hdfcmd ljkachd sjaulncb stctd`k "ldscnkyc 85 stctd`k sjbdkmmc hdpjr`njb 83tdtdi ctcu aulncb ncdk yckm hdpdndb$. lcic nckmicb fjrdiutkyc chcncb ljkmbdtukm dktjksdtcsrctc,rctc mcyc fjrct hck dktjksdtcs rctc,rctc mcyc tjick ijctcs+Ujrufcbck mcyc fjrct hck mcyc tjick ijctcs ljkachd bcrmc rctc,rctc dkd fdsc hdnciuickhjkmck ljkmmukcick tcfjn 6+3c hck tcfjn 6+3f fjrdiut 1

Xcfjn 6+3c 1 Ujrufcbck mcyc fjrct ljkachd fjktui tckmmc

K`+Wtctd`k

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3 w3

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6 w6 w6,7 < 3/6 "w6 ) w7$

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x3

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13/98

:8763CU

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hck sjtjruskyc

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f3,6 < 3/6 "f3 ) f6$

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6+8 UJKTZWZKCK XCFJN UJVBDXZKMCK L@LJK NJKMIZKM

HCK MCTC NDKXCKM

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pr`sjs dktjmrcsd uktui ljlpjr`njb mcyc ndktckm hck l`ljk njkmiukm sjpckackm icpcn+

Ujrbdtukmck pjkyjfcrck mcyc ndktckm S"x$ 1

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x

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14/98




S6 < n+o5,3 ) n+o3,6

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hck sjtjruskyc cick hdpjr`njb 1

S"x$ < n+o"x$Ujrbdtukmck pjkyjfcrck l`ljk njkmiukm L"x$ 1

Mclfcr 6+36 1 Mrcodi mcyc ndktckm S"x$

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42/98




FCF _D

L@LJK DKJVWDC UJKCLUCKM ICUCN

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_D+3+3 L`ljk Dkjrsdc Xjrbchcp Wulfu Ljncnud Xdtdi Fjrct

Ijfckycick pjlfcgc bcrus suhcb ljkmjkcn ljt`hc pjkjktuck l`ljk dkjrsdc Dtjrsjfut+ Xjtcpd ljsidpuk hjldidck pr`sjhur pjktdkm hck ljt`hc dkd cick hdtdkacu ijlfcndhd fcwcb dkd+ Nckmicb pjrtclc uktui ljkmjvcnucsd l`ljk dkjrsdc D uktui suctu hcjrcbchcncb ljkhcpctick tdtdi fjrct hck hcjrcb tjrsjfut+ Ijluhdck suctu y6+hC hcpcthdnciuick tjrbchcp sulfu b`rds`ktcn yckm ljncnud tdtdi fjrct hck nucs hcjrcb tjrsjfut+nktjmrcsd yckm sjsukmmubkyc tjrbchcp hcjrcb nucs bckyc hdpjknuick uktui fjfjrcpc

fjktui hcscr sjpjrtd jlpctpjrsjmd pckackm. sjmdtdmc hck sjtjruskyc+ Wjtjncb bcn dkdhdnciuick lcic ijfckycick nucs drdsck pjkclpckm yckm hdpjrmukcick hcncl prcitjiWulfu,sulfu utclc pjr hjodkdsd chcncb sulfu hd lckc l`ljk njlfcl sdiujlpct chcncblcisdlul ctcu ldkdlul+ Wulfu,sulfu dkd sjncnu scndkm tjmcinurus cktcrc sjsclckyc+Bcsdn l`ljk dkjrsdc yckm hdhjodkdsdick `njb yz+hC cick ljkachd k`n uktui sulfu,sulfu utclc dkd+ Wulfu sdljtrd hck suctu hcjrcb drdsck pjkclpckm sjncnu sjfucb sulfuutclc+

Bcrmc l`ljk,l`ljk dkjrsdc uktui fjfjrcpc .fjktui sjhjrbckc fdsc hdtjluick pchcsjtdcp bckhf``i tjikdi sdpdn hck ljsdk "fuick tcfjn pr`odn hcncl runj pjricpcnck$+ Zktui

ljkhcpctick l`ljk dkjrsdc D uktui suctu nucs yckm tjrhdrd hcrd fjfjrcpc fjktuisjhjrbckc. lcic hdpjrnuick tj rjlc sulfu sjacacr "ichckm,ichckm hdsjfut ruluspjrpdkhcbck$+ Xj`rjlc tjrsjfut hdijlfckmick sjfcmcd fjrdiut+Hcjrcb yckm hdpjrndbctick hcncl Mclfcr ?+3 ljlpukycd l`ljk dkjrsdc D tjkbchcpsulfu b`rds`ktcn yckm ljncnud tdtdi fjrctkyc ycdtu1

Dz< Cy6+hC "?+3$

hd lckc y hduiur hcrd sulfu tdtdi fjrct+_D+3+6 Ujrpdkhcbck Wulfu

L`ljk dkjrsdc D hcrd hcjrcb yckm sclc tjrbchcp sulfu x 3 yckm sjacacr hckfjracrci h tjrbchcp sulfu x. hdhjodkdsdick sjfcmcd


hC Xdtdi fjrct

h

z

z3

y

Mclfcr ?+31 Hcjrcb yckm hdcrsdr hdpjrmukcick uktuiljlpjr`njb tj`rjlc sulfu sjacacr

z


43/98




" $ "?+6$+++++++++hCyhDC

63z )

hd lckc sjpjrtd sjfjnulkyc y hduiur hcrd sulfu yckm ljncnud tdtdi fjrct+ Hjkmck

ljkmiuchrctick fjscrck,fjscrck hd hcncl tckhc iurukm hck ljkjlpctick i`kstcktc,i`kstcktc ij nucr tckhc dktjmrcn lcic

Cick tjtcpd. icrjkc sulfu hcrd lckc y hduiur chcncb ljncnud tdtdi fjrct hck hcjrcb nucs.lcic y hC chcncb k`n+Achd9 " $7+?++++++++h+CDD 653z )Ujrsclcck dkd ljrupcick tj`rjlc sulfu sjacacr+ Xj`rjlc dkd hcpct hdkyctcick sjfcmcd

fjrdiut1 L`ljk dkjrsdc suctu nucs tjrbchcp suctu sulfu chcncb sclc hjkmck l`ljkdkjrsdc hcrd nucs yckm sclc tjrbchcp sulfu yckm sjacacr yckm ljncnud tdtdi fjrct nucstjrsjfut. hdtclfcb hjkmck bcsdnicnd hcrd nucs yckm sclc hjkmck iuchrct arci cktcrc ijhucsulfu+

_DD+3+7 L`ljk Dkjrsdc U`ncr "iutuf$ Xjrbchcp Xdtdi Fjrct

Idtc ndbct pjkclpckm fcn`i sjpjrtd hcncl mclfcr ?+6 hdfcwcb dkd+

L`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm tjrbchcp tdtdi pusct sulfu i``rhdkct yckm fdcsckyc hdsjfut

l`ljk dkjrsdc p`ncr. hcpct hdtundsick sjfcmcd fjrdiut9$8+?"+++++++++hCD

C

6p

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GNKCp DDD )


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Mclfcr ?+61 L`ljk dkjrsdc p`ncr


44/98




$?+?"+++++++++DDD _Bp )hdlckc1 DKC< l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm icpcn tjrbchcp sulfu kjtrcn b`rdz`ktcn.

DB < l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm icpcn tjrbchcp sulfu kjtrcn b`rdz`ktcn.

DGN < l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm icpcn tjrbchcp gjktrj ndkj.D_ < l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm icpcn tjrbchcp sulfu tjmci+

_D+8 L`ljk Dkjrsdc Ujkclpckm Icpcn

Zktui ljkmbdtukm tjmckmck k`rlcn cidfct fjkhdkm. idtc pjrnu ljkmbdtukm l`ljkdkjrsdc pjkclpckm icpcn+Achd idtc bcrus ljkjtuick y yckm ljrupcick acrci tdtdi fjrct fcmdck yckm hdbdtukmtjmckmckkyc tjrbchcp sulfu kjtrcn "mcrds ljkhctcr hck mcrds vjrtdgcn yckm ljncnud tdtdi

fjrct pjkclpckm$ sjrtc ljkmbdtukm l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm D"x$+Wjpjrtd tjncb hdajncsick hdhjpck fcbwc9 cidfct fjfck l`ljk njkmiukm yckm fjijrac pchc

fchck icpcn .lcic fcmdck pjkclpckm icpcn yckm ljkmcncld tjickck hck p`sdsdkycljkhctcr "b`rdz`ktcn$ sjfjnul hdlcsuiick ijhcncl tcfjn pjrbdtukmck l`ljk dkjrsdcbcrus suhcb hdpjrbdtukmick njfcr jojitdpkyc. hjkmck gcrc sjpjrtd pchc urcdck hdhjpck+Icrjkc pjkclpckm ndktckm icpcn ljlpukycd fckyci fcmdck. lcic ljkmbdtukm l`ljkdkjrsdckyc tci hcpct hdbdtukm hjkmck ljlcicd rulus hcscr " D < 3/36f+b7 $ hck sjfcdikychdnciuick hcncl fjktui tcfuncsd sjpjrtd hdpjrndbctick pchc tcfjn _D+3+. tcfjn _D+6 hjkmckcguck mclfcr ?+7 +


GN

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45/98




Xcfjn _D+3 1 Ujrbdtukmck l`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm tjrbchcp sulfu b`rds`ktcn

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7+ Fjfck cidfct mjn`lfckm

7+3 L`ljk njkmiukm vjrtdicn mjn`lfckm

L`ljk njkmiukm vjrtdicn mjn`lfckm hd tjkmcb icpcn hdtjktuick hjkmck rulus fjrdiut 1\iKlYg+g+g+g+F+NL LN35

6]_ 386:

l755N45ZktuiN

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66/98




g3 < ocgt`r mjn`lfckm b`mmdkm/scmmdkm fjrdiut9

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N Zktui N > 45 l

< 3.5 Zktui N ; 45 l

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68/98




Mclfcr :+8 Ocit`r Hdstrdfusd GS

7+7 L`ljk njkmiukm ljkhctcr\iKlYg+S+N+76.5L Llcx]B]B

=5.5Nxuktui

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6+ L`hunus pjkclpckm tjkmcb icpcn ldkdlul

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hdiurckmd sjpjrtd fjrdiut 1U "pjncycrck scluhrc tjrfctcs$ 1 : *

I@KXVZIWD HCK IJIZCXCK ICUCN DXW | =5


71/98




N "pjncycrck n`icn$ 1 3: *X "pjncycrck tjrfctcs$ 1 6: *

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7+ L`ljk dkjrsdc pjkclpckm tjkmcb icpcn

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\lYi

N+]+35+7Dy 86

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