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    Cuba gunakan manik d alam

    membi lang

    Supaya kira-kira menjadi riang

    Tolak darab dan bahagi bertambah

    senang

    Dunia menjadi terang sambi l

    membi lang

    Cuba gunakan manik dalam m embi lang

    Bayangkan ada sempoa m alam dan

    s iang

    Banyak kegunaannya dalam pelajaran

    Ker ja yang du lu susah m enjadi senang

    Cuba gunakan manik dalam

    membi lang

    Tujuhlah sepuluh yang dibuangnya

    tiga

    Enamlah sepuluh yang dibuangnya

    empat

    Semua menjadi s enang , kira jadi

    cepat.

    Cuba gunakan manik dalam

    membi lang

    Walau ada kompu ter dan mesin

    ..

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    The study of AMA teaches children not only to become

    proficient in computation but also develops their mental

    faculties to be more analytic and creative.

    Abacus is a tool used to calculate mathematical operations of

    addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

    Mental Arithmetic is a form of calculation that does not

    involve the use of any physical external instruments such as

    the abacus, electronic calculator or any other primitive or

    state-of-theart implementation instrument. It is done solely

    in the mind, i.e. mentally.

    Abacus and Mental Arithmetic : Another way of carrying outmental arithmetic is the bead method. In this way, we use an

    imaginary abacus in our mind to calculate any mathematical

    operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and

    division.

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    Advantages Of Learning Mental Arithmetic

    The continuous practice of mental arithmetic will produce the followingresults.

    Revolutionize traditional mathematics;The special skills learnt will

    enable the students to calculate with amazing speed and accuracy.

    Improve students co-ordination; The fingering techniques stimulate boththe left and right sides of the brain and improve interaction between themind and the body.

    Optimum exploitation of the human brains resourses:Scientists havefound out that man only use one-tenth of his brains potential most of thetime. Mental arithmetic skills help to tap the vast treasures in the brain.

    Build up students confidence:Students will have acquired the skills inmastering figures, thus eliminating their fear in dealing with figures and

    boosting their confidence in problem-solving.

    Improve students concentration and absorption power:Mentalarithmetic not only stirs up students interest in arithmetic but also trains thestudents to be more discipline, thus improving their concentration andabsorption power.

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    PARTS OF THE ABACUS

    FrameBeam Rod

    LowerBeads

    Upper BeadsClearing Device Dot = Unit Place

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    PARTS OF THE ABACUS

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    PARTS OF THE ABACUS

    FrameBeam Rod

    LowerBeads

    Upper BeadsClearing Device Dot = Unit Place

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    Sitting Posture

    Front View

    Place feet flat on thefloor. Keep a 10cm

    distance with 15 degrees

    between the feet

    Do not cross the legs

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    Sitting Posture

    Side View

    Sit upright

    Body must not lean

    against the chair

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    Placing & Holding The Abacus

    Place middle finger ofleft hand on theclearing device

    Arms do not touch thetable

    Place the abacus 8 to10 cm away from theedge of the table

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    Fingering

    Thumb : Move lowerbeads towards thebeam

    Forefinger : Movelower beads awayfrom the beam

    Middle finger : Move

    upper bead towardsand away from thebeam

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    PARTS OF THE ABACUS

    Value of upper beads

    5500 50

    One lower bead at

    Ones represents 1One lower bead at

    Thousands

    represents 1000

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    move up 1, move down 1

    1) Thumb :

    move up 1

    2) Forefinger :

    move down 1

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    move up 2, move down 2

    1) Thumb :

    move up 2

    2) Forefinger :

    move down 2

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    move up 3, move down 3

    1) Thumb :

    move up 3

    2) Forefinger :

    move down 3

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    move up 4, move down 4

    1) Thumb : 2) Forefinger :

    move up 4 move down 4

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    move up 5, move down 5

    1) Middle finger : 2) Middle finger:

    move up 5 move down 5

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    2) Middle finger and

    forefinger :move down 6 at the

    same time.

    move up 6, move down 6

    1) Thumb and

    middle finger:move up 6 at the

    same time.

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    2) Middle fingerand forefinger :

    move down 7 at the

    same time.

    move up 7, move down 7

    1) Thumb andmiddle finger :

    move up 7 at the

    same time.

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    2) Middle finger and

    forefinger :

    move down 9 at the

    same time.

    move up 9, move down 9

    1) Thumb and middle

    finger :

    move up 9 at the

    same time.

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    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

    Flash

    Card

    2

    second

    s

    Flash

    Card

    1

    second2Flash Card Controller

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    Ready, close your eyes

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    Think of the frame

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    Think of the beam

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    Think of the rods

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    Think of the upper beads

    and the lower beads

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    Ready, close your eyes.

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    1, Up 1

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    3, Up 3

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    4

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    5

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    6

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    8, Up 8

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    9, up 9

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    DIGITAL FLASH

    CARDS

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    1 DIGIT

    2 SECOND

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    THE END

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    1 DIGIT

    1 SECOND

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    TIMING : 1 SECOND

    READY !

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