jatiluhur water quality

5/21/2018 Jatiluhur Water Quality

1/25

Classification quality of water body by

PP 82 Year 2001

Class 1 it is used for Raw Drinking Water

Class 2 it used for recreation, fish farming,

agriculture, animal husbandry, gardening etc

Class 3 it is used fish farming, gardening etc

Class 4 it is used agriculture, etc.


2/25

Parameter Water Quality Assessed

16 Water Quality Parameter was assessed : 1.Suhu (temp), 2. Zat

Padat Terlarut (TDS), 3. Kekeruhan(Turbidity), 4.pH, 5.Oksigen

Terlarut (DO), 6.Besi (Iron), 7.Mangan (Mn), 8.Zinc (Zn), 9.(NH3)

Ammonia, 10.Nitrite (NO2), 11.Nitrate (NO3), 12.Sulfate (SO4 -),

13.Chlorida (Cl-),14. Sulfida (H2S), 15.BOD5, 16.COD.

Sampling were carried out every monthly in 12 location of

sampling sites.

Assessment was made for the periode of Jan 2009 to August 2013,

and about 1969 number of sampling series.


3/25

Water Quality Related to Usage

Water Quality mostly related to Health: Suspended solids, Dissolved metal, Iron, Copper, Pb, Radioactive etc

Nitrite, Nitrate, Ammonia

Virus, Microbes, etc

Poisonous substance ( phenols,All pesticide, herbicide, insecticide, fungicide etc

Microbes and viruses

Water Quality mostly related to Agriculture

Total Dissolved Solids, chloride, sulphate, etc

All Metal such as Alluminum, Berrylium, Boron Etc

pH

Water Quality mostly related to Recreation, Swiming, Sports etc Smell, H2S, Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

Suspended solids, Turbidity

Microbes, viruses

pH, Grease (oil)

For Aquaculture such as fish

farming add Ammonia, DO

(Dissolved Oxyggen)


4/25

Total Dissolved Solids parameter related

to Agricultural use and Pollution

Exceeding/violating

class of water 1, 2,

and 3, Max value is

1000 mg/l

Mean and Median

Values still indicate

very good, water

still belong to fresh

not brackish water

If we want to manage pollution, It shows a strong

evidence that high TDS values > than normal

indicates pollution has been occuring at that time

Minimum TDS

indicates that

dilution has been

occuring

Classification of

TDS : < 450 mg/l

indicate No

restriction inusing for

Agriculture.

Quality this

water good

Agriculture


5/25

Total Dissolved Solids by Depth

DEPTH N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum Mode Mode

0 841 0 194.06 20.00 160.00 1290.00 120 77

16 20 0 174.5 70.0 130.0 510.0 130 3

2 426 60 198.55 11.00 170.00 690.00 110 38

4 363 54 192.09 9.00 160.00 710.00 120 28

8 76 12 172.37 40.00 155.00 390.00 120 6

On the depth

of 0m, 2mand 4m their

means were

190s it

changes to

170s after the

depth of 8

and 16

Pollution may start ocurring on

the surface and goes along from

the surface to the depth of 8m

From other table based on location

of sampling, location of Fishing Nets

mostly the location of high TDS,

Pollution is obvious in this location


6/25

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

1000100101

99.99

99

95

80

50

20

5

1

0.01

TDS

Percent

Loc 5.127

Scale 0.5750

N 1813

AD 9.723

P-Value


7/25

Sulphate by Sampling Sites

SITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum

B. Barat 122 24 23.334 9.800 23.050 40.700

Bojong 117 24 26.002 5.600 26.100 41.600

Cilalawi 54 4 24.151 2.270 23.900 39.200

DAM 156 34 23.26 2.610 22.700 42.500

Inlet PLTA 40 4 25.67 19.40 23.20 74.70

Jamaras 117 24 24.637 8.000 24.000 41.100

Keramba 151 34 23.681 5.700 23.300 37.900

Keramba I 12 0 22.675 16.800 23.650 25.100

Keramba II 13 0 21.18 7.30 22.00 24.50

Keramba III 13 0 21.59 8.60 22.20 25.50

Keramba IV 13 0 19.64 1.60 21.50 25.80

Keramba V 20 0 20.18 7.60 21.50 26.70

Kerenceng 122 24 23.947 5.700 23.400 44.100

P. Gombong 10 0 20.84 15.10 20.64 25.90

P. Astana 45 4 22.987 1.000 22.000 42.700

Parung Kalong

83 14 25.113 0.220 24.600 42.000

Pasir Kole 45 4 23.973 18.500 22.500 46.500

PDAM 117 24 24.043 17.700 22.800 39.400

Sodong 117 24 26.075 9.900 25.400 42.500

T. Sidang 45 4 23.622 18.200 23.100 36.600

Tailrace 49 4 24.431 1.000 23.800 46.400

Taroko 117 24 23.632 1.000 22.800 41.100

Location Sodongand Bojong are the

location of the inlet

from Cirata. It have

higher means values

of Sulphate.(26 mg/l)

Pollution has

been started

from the

Upstream


8/25

Sulphate

DEPTH N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum

0 777 64 24.112 1.000 23.500 74.700

16

20 0 21.000 11.000 21.550 26.200

2 386 100 24.262 0.220 23.200 42.500

4 327 90 24.160 2.610 23.300 41.400

8 68 20 23.378 7.700 22.700 39.200

Sulphate is a component of TDS,

source of sulphate from human

activities, domestic liquid waste,

industrial waste that uses

sulphuric acids or sulphate


9/25

Dissolved Oxygen related to

Organism in waterMean and Median

Values of DO still meets

the standard, Minimum

values is 6 mg/l

Minimum values

had violated

standard of water

quality, standard

is 6 mg/lminimum

Mean and Median values indicate that water still good

for living Organism in water, sometimes as it showed in

minimum values that indicating of occuring Deficit of

Oxygen


10/25

H2S (sulfide) one of parameter

Related to Health & Corrosion

PP 82/2001 requires that all water

Class 1,2,3 ; H2S (sulfide) should

not > 0.002 mg/l

All values of

Mean,

Median and

Minimum

showed

exceeding

standard

values PP

82/2001

This figure indicate

380 times of

standard values

O.12 mg/m3 (0.08 ppm) Increased mental depression,

dizziness and blurred vision.

0.45 mg/m3 (0.32 ppm) Increased incidence of nausea, loss

of sleep, shortness of breath, and headaches

1.0-10 mg/m3 (0.7-6.7 ppm) Increased incidence of

decreased corneal reflex (convergence and divergence

10-70 mg/m3 (6.7-47 ppm) Irritation of conjunctiva, fatigue,

loss of appetite, insomnia


11/25

Alkalinity

DEPTH N N* Mean St Dev Minimum Maximum

0 231 0 64.08 17.32 11.25 110.70

2 188 1 62.43 14.72 26.16 102.50

4 167 1 62.23 14.99 21.9 96.75

8 146 1 62.95 16.24 30.00 98.56

14 21 0 67.86 14.25 38.00 94.30

22 19 2 60.98 16.99 30.4 102.50

33 18 3 63.59 20.5 20.53 90.00

34 21 0 69.8 21.6 38.00 125.77

35 21 0 66.9 18.51 32.70 121.50

36 21 0 64.32 16.23 34.88 110.70

Mean and SD

Showed that

There were

similar values

of alkalinity

among the

depth of

sampling

Alkalinity values in values of 60s

indicating that alkalinity is relative

stabile to existing pollution with

acid properties

Based on USEPA

lake classification

Jatiluhur Reservoir

is not belong to a

Sensitive Reservoir

because it has

values > 20 mg/l

Alkalinity


12/25

Alkalinity in

Normal Probability

99.9

99

90

50

10

1

0.1

100500 100500

100500

99.9

99

90

50

10

1

0.1

100500

99.9

99

90

50

10

1

0.1

0

Alk

Percent

2 4 8

14 22 33 34

35 36

Mean 64.08

StDev 17.32

N 231

AD 0.46 6

P-Value 0.251

0

Mean 62.43

StDev 14.72

N 188

AD 0.32 2

P-Value 0.526

2

Mean 62.23

StDev 14.99

N 167

AD 0.36 3

P-Value 0.438

4

Mean 62.95

StDev 16.24

N 146

AD 0.94 7

P-Value 0.016

8

Mean 67.86

StDev 14.25

N 21

AD 0.42 2

P-Value 0.293

14

Mean 60.98

StDev 16.99

N 19

AD 0.34 5

P-Value 0.446

22

Mean 63.59

StDev 20.50

N 18

AD 0.39 1

- .

33

Probability Plot of AlkNormal - 95% CI

Panel variable: DEPTH

On surface to 8 m

depth and to 36 m

showed a model ofnormal probability

Indicating that alkalinity still able

to resists existing pollution with

acid properties


13/25

IronSITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum

B. Barat 125 21 0.09856 0.01000 0.07000 0.72000

Bojong

120 21 1.341 0.010 0.440 18.830

Cilalawi 55 3 0.2451 0.0200 0.1500 3.0700

DAM 160 30 0.11355 0.02000 0.09000 0.56000

Inlet PLTA 41 3 0.1056 0.0200 0.0900 0.4100

Jamaras 120 21 0.429 0.008 0.140 24.000

Keramba 155 30 0.1383 0.0200 0.0600 3.0500

Keramba I 12 0 0.550 0.140 0.265 2.760

Keramba II

13 0 0.572 0.060 0.190 3.990Keramba III 13 0 0.278 0.060 0.140 1.580

Keramba IV 13 0 0.2331 0.0200 0.1900 0.9400

Keramba V 20 0 0.2500 0.0300 0.1750 0.7600

Kerenceng 125 21 0.1750 0.0100 0.1000 2.4600

P. Gombong 10 0 0.1900 0.0900 0.1750 0.3200

P. Astana 46 3 0.091 0.0200 0.0850 0.2700

Parung Kalong 85 12 1.159 0.020 0.560 18.350

Pasir Kole 46 3 0.1152 0.0200 0.0750 1.0200

PDAM 120 21 0.1287 0.0200 0.1100 0.8400

Sodong 120 21 1.226 0.020 0.515 15.630

T. Sidang 46 3 0.241 0.020 0.075 7.330

Tailrace 50 3 0.3198 0.0200 0.2350 1.4300

Taroko 120 21 0.301 0.020 0.090 24.000

Max values for

Class 1 is 0.3 mg/l of

Iron (PP 82/2001),

whereas for Class

2, 3, 4 no Iron

values are

required.

Naturally Iron in

surface water is

not > 0.2 mg/l,

deep ground water

may be higher > 1mg/l


14/25

NH3(Ammonia)

0.5 mg/l of

Ammonia is a max

value for Class 1 ,

but No required

values of NH3 for

Class 2,3, and 4only if it is used for

aquaculture (fish

farming NH3

should be < 0.02

mg/l (PP82 /2001)


B. Barat 134 12 0.01263 0.03869 0.00100 0.28000

Bojong 129 12 0.03280 0.10701 0.00100 0.80600

Cilalawi 58 0 0.0653 0.2357 0.0010 1.4000

DAM 172 18 0.00713 0.02432 0.00100 0.28000

Inlet PLTA 44 0 0.00600 0.01052 0.00100 0.06100

Jamaras 129 12 0.02560 0.09854 0.00100 0.84000

Keramba 167 18 0.01356 0.03701 0.00100 0.28000

Keramba I 12 0 0.004583 0.003088 0.001000 0.009000

Keramba II

13 0 0.003385 0.002063 0.001000 0.008000

Keramba III 13 0 0.00831 0.00401 0.00300 0.01800

Keramba IV 13 0 0.004692 0.003425 0.001000 0.012000

Keramba V 20 0 0.00885 0.00609 0.00100 0.02700

Kerenceng 134 12 0.01194 0.03018 0.00100 0.28000

P. Gombong 10 0 0.00680 0.00708 0.00200 0.02600

P. Astana 49 0 0.00520 0.00880 0.00100 0.05000

Parung Kalong 91 6 0.0996 0.3151 0.0010 1.6700

Pasir Kole 49 0 0.003857 0.004774 0.001000 0.027000

PDAM

129 12 0.0253 0.1288 0.0010 1.4000Sodong 129 12 0.0422 0.1535 0.0010 1.1100

T. Sidang 49 0 0.00633 0.01353 0.00100 0.07500

Tailrace 53 0 0.0930 0.3677 0.0010 2.5200

Taroko 129 12 0.01898 0.04922 0.00100 0.28000

Ammonia is a waste

product of livingorganism, then

used by

microorganism

converted to nitrite

and eventually into

more stable form of

nitrogen, nitrite and

nitrate.


15/25

Nitrate-N


B. Barat 134 12 0.382 2.936 0.010 34.000

Bojong 129 12 0.1748 0.2695 0.0040 1.5800

Cilalawi 58 0 0.387 1.602 0.004 12.000

DAM 172 18 0.554 3.739 0.004 43.500

Inlet PLTA 36 8 0.1067 0.1259 0.0100 0.5600

Jamaras 129 12 0.2565 0.7571 0.0040 8.0000

Keramba

167 18 0.509 2.272 0.004 19.000Keramba I 12 0 0.1300 0.0619 0.0100 0.2100

Keramba II 13 0 0.0746 0.0522 0.0100 0.1800

Keramba III 13 0 0.0669 0.0609 0.0100 0.2100

Keramba IV

13 0 0.04308 0.02250 0.10000 0.08000

Keramba V 20 0 0.04700 0.03404 0.10000 0.11000

Kerenceng 134 12 0.569 2.596 0.010 22.000

P. Gombong 10 0 0.0470 0.0678 0.0100 0.1800

P. Astana 49 0 0.1459 0.2649 0.0100 1.5300

Parung Kalong

91 6 0.508 1.902 0.004 17.900

Pasir Kole 49 0 0.298 1.007 0.004 6.540

PDAM 129 12 0.1913 0.4136 0.0040 2.9600

Sodong 129 12 0.2291 0.4228 0.0030 3.3200

T. Sidang 49 0 0.1608 0.3550 0.0100 2.3400

Tailrace 53 0 1.57 9.77 0.01 71.35

Taroko 129 12 0.1238 0.1428 0.0040 0.8300

Allowed Max Value

is 10 mg/l Nitrate-N

(PP 82/year 2001)

Data from 2009-

2013 showed that

the Mean and

Median valuesalways < 10, The

Highest Recorded

values were in Baras

Barat 34 mg/l, Dam

43 mg/l and

Karamba 19 mg/l &

in tailrace 71.35

Nitrateparameter is

related to

human Health

blue baby

Nitrate containing

water usually

from irrigation

water, agricultural

run off,

human/animal

waste,decomposition of

plant, manure,

domestic

/industrial waste


16/25

NitriteSite N N* Mean St Dev Minimum Maximum

B. Barat

134 12 0.01736 0.02703 0.00400 0.19000

Bojong 129 12 0.0428 0.1610 0.0040 1.4200

Cilalawi 58 0 0.01803 0.01942 0.00400 0.11000

DAM 172 18 0.01490 0.01582 0.00400 0.12000

Inlet PLTA 32 12 0.01813 0.02746 0.00400 0.12000

Jamaras 129 12 0.03860 0.07852 0.00400 0.67000

Karamba 167 18 0.02651 0.04078 0.00400 0.25000

Karamba I 12 0 0.009250 0.002598 0.001000 0.010000

Karamba II

13 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000Karamba III 13 0 0.01154 0.00555 0.01000 0.03000

Karamba IV 13 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000

Karamba V 20 0 0.010500 0.002236 0.010000 0.020000

Kerenceng

134 12 0.02766 0.05246 0.00400 0.43000

P Gombong

10 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000

P. Astana 49 0 0.01563 0.01848 0.00400 0.10000

Parung kalong 91 6 0.0496 0.1598 0.0040 1.3000

Pasir Kole 49 0 0.01592 0.01951 0.00400 0.10000

PDAM

129 12 0.01929 0.02848 0.00400 0.21000

Sodong 129 12 0.0462 0.1481 0.0040 1.2800

T. Sindang 49 0 0.01255 0.01107 0.00400 0.07000

Tailrace 53 0 0.189 0.963 0.004 6.990

Taroko 129 12 0.02187 0.03978 0.00400 0.28000

Max allowed

Nitrite Conc. is

0.06 mg/l, (PP

82/2001) The data

showed that most

of the means were

at < 0.06 mg/l


17/25

BOD

Site

N

N*

Mean

Minimum

Median

Maximum

B. Barat 134 12 4.919 0.830 4.645 14.340

Bojong 29 12 4.804 1.080 4.590 13.000

Cilalawi 58 0 4.956 1.180 4.675 9.130

DAM 172 18 5.031 1.010 4.730 17.000

Inlet PLTA 44 0 4.783 1.140 4.920 8.460

Jamaras 129 12 4.907 1.100 4.820 10.000

Karamba 67 18 5.114 1.000 4.720 13.000

Karamba I

12 0 4.671 1.170 5.255 7.310Karamba II 13 0 4.389 1.110 4.770 7.710

Karamba III 13 0 5.264 3.340 5.200 7.020

Karamba IV 13 0 5.284 1.080 5.410 8.940

Karamba V 20 0 4.655 1.020 5.115 7.450

Kerenceng 134 12 4.751 1.000 4.690 15.340

P Gombong 10 0 4.997 2.940 4.940 8.090

P. Astana 49 0 4.914 1.080 4.720 9.340

Parung kalong 91 6 4.987 0.380 4.380 39.500

Pasir Kole

49 0 4.431 1.110 4.460 7.150

PDAM 129 12 5.426 1.020 5.420 13.000

Sodong 129 12 5.339 1.000 4.390 74.950

T. Sindang 49 0 4.577 1.020 4.320 11.140

Tailrace 53 0 3.724 1.000 3.820 8.560

Taroko 129 12 5.117 1.000 4.750 14.000

BOD is substance

in water that

consume Oxygen

Biologically, it is

not toxic

substance, but

creates oxygen

depletion in water

PP 82/2001 put

2 mg/l for Class 1,

3 mg/l for Class 2,

6 mg/l for Class 3,

12 mg/l for Class 4

The mean and

median values

of BOD is 4 to5mg/l, This

indicating that

this water is in

the class of 3.


18/25

Conclusion

1. In general the reservoir water quality in respect to the ability to neutralize acid pollution from

rain or from waste water is still good. The mean alkalinity of reservoir water was about 63.39

mg/l,alkalinity that found


19/25

Conclusion, Continued.1

1. Distribution of Total Dissolved Solids were not homogenous in water varied with depth and

time.

2. On the surface (between 0- 8 m): the means were about 194.06, 198,55, and 192.09, the

median values about between 160 and 170 whereas at

3. At the depth of 8 and 16 the means were 172 and 174 mg/l and median values 130 and 155

mg/l.4. over the year 2009. 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 the means were almost the same between

194-196 mg/l.

5. The data has showed temporal and spatial variation which divide between depth and

horizontal of the reservoir showing of stratification.

6. Total Dissolved Solids follow more less to log normal distribution , whilst Chloride and

sulphate fit to normal distribution. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids may confirm

that pollution had occurred in the reservoir by other soluble substance such as organic

nitrate, nitrite.


20/25

Conclusion, Continued 2

1. Iron and Mangan, iron concentration varied with depth. Variation on the surface of the

reservoir was greater than in the bottom.

2. Sulfide is one of the target compound that contribute to the corrosion and incovenenience

due to its smell in reservoir. Mean values of sulfide over the year between 2009 and 2013

concentration were about 0.01972 - 0.0760. These concentration exceeded the threshold

limit values of human can smell sulfide which is about 0.0047 ppm or 16 times of threshold

limit. A further study is required to estimate sulfide in the contribution of corrosion over

structural facilities of the dam and its all appertunance.

3. Though abundant in nature, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite is a controversion substance, a

useful substance for agricultural purposes but if too much in the reservoir water resulting to

eutrophication, eventually make the reservoir too much algae, and water plant.

4. Particularly for ammonia, high concentration of ammonia is toxic for living organism in waterfish especially.


21/25

Conclusion, Continued 3

BOD-COD are not a toxic substance but due to its presence may create

problems of oxygen depletion in waterbodies, particularly if such

waterbodies are designated used for fish and other useful living organism

in water. BOD concentration with the mean values were between 3.724

and 5.426 mg/l, median values between 3.820 and 5.420. Similar values of

mean and median showed a perfect normal distribution, the range valuesthe minimum and maximum were between 0.380 mg/l and 17 mg/l. COD

showed a similar pattern to BOD, COD means values were between 10.274

and 14.118, the median between 9.730 and 14.28.

For the future BOD concentration may be predicted by examination of

COD. A rough estimate from the whole examination of BOD and COD, the

ratio of BOD over COD still indicated of a kind biodegradeable organics.


22/25

Conclusion Continued 4

In relation to the number of sampling points and the variation

concentration in the whole body of reservoir, it can be concluded that

there are conservative substance like chloride, sulfate and carbonate that

almost homogenous along the horizontal plane of the reservoir, indicating

that taking any one place on the surface between 2 to 8 m depth, we can

obtain a representative sample points, whereas for substance like BOD thevariation had occurred in varying time and location, so taking a sample

from any one place will not represent the whole water reservoir.

It is now an urgent needs to use an instrumental methods for the

management of reservoir water to measure water quality onsite.


23/25

Recommendation

More Frequent versus More Points of sampling. Sampling is a part of water quality management action. It takes cost

There is spatial variation and temporal variation of water quality in water

bodies, more points of sampling and more frequent of sampling will more

represents of sampling for water bodies.

Since temporal variation is more significant than spatial variation, so require

more frequent of sampling. It will give more realistic condition of the reservoir.

At least it requires daily of sampling if we concern to manage pollution that

may occur in the reservoir


24/25

Proposed for Frequency of sampling

for W Quality in the reservoir

Daily * Weekly/2 weekly MonthlyConductivity

Ammonium

DO

pH

Turbidity

Temperature

Hardness

Manganese

Nitrite

Nitrate

Suspended Solids

Organic matter

TDS

BOD

COD

Total Coli***

Deterjen

Sulfate

Sulphide

Hg

Ba

Cd

Cr

Se

Zn

Cu

Pb

Ca

Chloride

Fluoride

Iron

* It would be good to

be carried out in Real

Time measurement


25/25

Location of sampling points

jatiluhur water quality

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