HEAT TREATMENT (PERLAKUAN PANAS)

M. RIO RIZKY SAPUTRA, 23415945 (2IC01) Teknik Mesin

HEAT-TREATMENT (PERLAKUAN PANAS)

Proses pemanasan suatu logam yang diikuti proses pendinginan selama waktu tertentu dan bila perlu dilanjutkan dengan pemanasan serta pendinginan ulang.

Dimaksudkan untuk memulihkan sifat semula yang teganggu karena proses pengerjaan atau untuk membuat sifat tertentu sesuai kebutuhan operasional/fungsional dan spesifikasi desain.

PROSES PERLAKUAN PANAS

THERMAL TERMO-KIMIA TERMO-MEKANIK

•Karburisasi•Nitriding•Karbo-nitriding•De-Karburisasi

•TMT Temp.Tinggi•TMT Temp. Rendah

Annealing  Artificial aging  Austenitizing  Full annealing  Hardenability  Jominy end-quench test  Overaging Natural aging  Precipitation hardening Precipitation heat treatment Process annealing Solution heat treatment Spheroidizing Stress relief

FUNGSI PERLAKUAN PANAS

PEMULIHAN SIFAT PEMBENTUKAN SIFAT TERTENTU

Softening, Hardening, & Materials

Modification

Jenis Perlakuan Panas FeC

KONDISI MEDIA PENDINGIN

KONDISI Udara Minyak Air Air Garam

•Diam•Sirkulasi ringan•Sirkulasi sedang•Sirkulasi baik•Sirkulasi kuat•Sirk. sangat kuat

0,020,05

0,25 – 0,30,30 – 0,50,35 – 0,40,4 – 0,50,5 – 0,80,8 – 1,1

0,9 – 1,01,0 – 1,11,2 – 1,31,4 –1,51,6 – 2,0

4

2

2,0 – 2,25

tbM/Matek/PP/'04

SAE-AISI designations for Steel (the xx in

the last two digits indicate the carbon content in hundredths of a percent)

tbM/Matek/PP/'04

Carbon Steels

Illustration of effect of Carbon content on Steel Hardness

10xx Plain Carbon

11xx Resulfurized

12xx Resulfurized and rephosphorized

Manganese steels

13xx Mn 1.75

Nickel steels

23xx Ni 3.5

25xx Ni 5.0

Nickel Chromium Steels

31xx Ni 1.25 Cr 0.65-0.80

32xx Ni 1.75 Cr 1.07

33xx Ni 3.50 Cr 1.50-1.57

34xx Ni 3.00 Cr 0.77

Chromium Molybdenum steels

41xx Cr 0.50-0.95 Mo 0.12-0.30

Nickel Chromium Molybdenum steels

43xx Ni 1.82 Cr 0.50-0.80 Mo 0.25

47xx Ni 1.05 Cr 0.45 Mo 0.20 – 0.35

86xx Ni 0.55 Cr 0.50 Mo 0.20

Nickel Molybdenum steels

46xx Ni 0.85-1.82 Mo 0.20

48xx Ni 3.50 Mo 0.25

Chromium steels

50xx Cr 0.27- 0.65

51xx Cr 0.80 – 1.05

Numbering systems :American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) American Welding Society (AWS) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Steel Founders Society of America Aluminum Association Copper Development Association U.S. Department of Defense (Military Specifications) General Accounting Office (Federal Specifications)

Transformasi Pendinginan Kontinu (CCT)Transformasi austenit, didinginkan dengan laju pendinginan yang berbeda.

Transformasi Isotermal ( IT /TTT )Transformasi fasa yang dikendalikan oleh difusi austenit.

CCT Diagram

TTT Diagram

The Principles of Heat Treatment• Heat treatment consists of Heating-Up and Cooling-Down process. • Heating up the steel will change the microstructure to Austenite. • Cooling down the steel at different cooling rates will change the

microstructure from Austenite to different structures correspondingly.

• Change in Microstructures result in change in mechanical properties.

• By heat treatment, we can change the mechanical properties of moulds and machine components to our desired state.

• For example, to harden the mould will increase strength and wear resistance resulting in longer mould life.

• To anneal a hard steel bar will soften it to a state good for machining.

• To normalize a steel bar will toughen it to a state good for impact.

Carburasing

Nitriding

Induction